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Space

The solar system formed from a large cloud of dust and gas called a nebula. Over millions of years, gravity pulled particles together, forming larger objects like stars and planets. The sun formed at the center, with planets orbiting in the same direction and plane. Their orbits are determined by the sun's strong gravitational pull, with closer planets orbiting faster than farther ones. The moon's gravity also causes tides on Earth by pulling more strongly on the side facing it.

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Farah Aina
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39 views

Space

The solar system formed from a large cloud of dust and gas called a nebula. Over millions of years, gravity pulled particles together, forming larger objects like stars and planets. The sun formed at the center, with planets orbiting in the same direction and plane. Their orbits are determined by the sun's strong gravitational pull, with closer planets orbiting faster than farther ones. The moon's gravity also causes tides on Earth by pulling more strongly on the side facing it.

Uploaded by

Farah Aina
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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3.

2 Formation of the Solar System • Air resistance is a force that slows down the movement of objects
• Planets follow an orbit (path) around the Sun in the same direction o Occurs due to a moving object having to push against the
and on the same plane. particles in the air
• The Sun and all the plants spin on their axis in the same direction o Air resistance acts in the opposite direction of movement
(except Venus and Uranus). o The faster an object moves, the greater the air resistance on
• Nebula: a cloud of dust and gas in space the object
• How are stars and planets formed? • In space, there is no air (vacuum) as there are very few particles
o Particles of dust and gas in space have their own weak o There is no air resistance in space, thus objects in space can
gravity move very fast
o The gravity pulls these particles to each other • The only force acting on planets in space is from gravity.
o As they stick together, their total mass increases
o As their mass increases, their gravity also increases, thus
attracting more dust and more gas
o This continues until the mass becomes a star or a planet

3.3 Movement in space


• The Sun is has the largest mass in the Solar System, thus it has the
strongest gravitational field.
• The Sun’s gravity holds the planets in their orbits
o The gravity gets weaker the further the planet is from the
Sun.
o The closer the planet is to the sun, the faster the planet
orbits around the Sun.
3.4 Tides
• Depth: the distance between the surface of the water and the • Tidal force: the pull from the Moon’s gravity
bottom of the ocean o The gravity of the Moon pulls on the oceans, creating tides
• Tide: Change in the depth of water o The side of the Earth closer to the Moon will have high tide
o Tidal range: Difference in depth of water between high and
low tides
o Time between high tide to high tide: 12 hours
o Time between low tide to low tide: 12 hours
o Time between high tide and low tide: 6 hours

• The Sun also produces a tidal force on Earth, but it is weaker (due to
distance).
• A larger tidal force is produced with the Sun and Moon are in line
with the Earth.

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