CHECKPOINT SCIENCE

YEAR 8 – REVISION TEST

1 Breathing involves the movement of the ribs and the diaphragm.

Complete the sentences to describe what happens during breathing in and

breathing out.

Use the words in the box. You may use each word once, more than once or not
at all. [5m]

contracts increases into upwards

relaxes decreases out of downwards

During breathing in, the muscles between the ribs will contract. The

diaphragm ………………………. and flattens. The rib cage moves

………………………. and outwards. The volume in the chest

………………………. and the pressure in the lungs ………………………. . Air

then moves ………………………. the lungs.

During breathing out, the muscles between the ribs will relax. The

diaphragm ………………………. and curves upwards. The rib cage moves

………………………. and inwards. The volume in the chest

………………………. and the pressure in the lungs ………………………. . Air

then moves ………………………. the lungs.

2
(a) Complete the table to show which part of the blood carries out each
function.

Choose from the list. You may use the words once, more than once or
not at all. [2m]

Red blood White blood

Plasma
cell cell

Function Part of the blood

Transports carbon
dioxide
Produces antibodies

Defends the body

against microorganisms

Transports oxygen
(b) Which of the following are features of red blood cells? Tick (✓) two
boxes. [1m]

Do not have nucleus

Do not have cell membrane

Do not have cytoplasm

Do not have mitochondria

3 This question is about the aerobic respiration.

(a) Write down the word equation for aerobic respiration. [1m]

(b) Carlos draws a diagram of a plant cell.

Where does aerobic respiration happen in the cell?

Choose from the letters A, B, C or D. [1m]

4 This cactus lives in a hot and dry desert.

(a) The cactus has long roots that spread out in the sand.
(i) Suggest how the roots help the cactus survive in the hot and dry
desert. [1m]

(ii) Explain one other way the cactus is adapted to living in the hot and
dry desert. [1m]
(b) The cactus is eaten by kangaroo rats.
The kangaroo rats are eaten by snakes.
Desert foxes feed on snakes.
Make a food chain for this. [2m]
5 Complete the sentences about changes that happen in the human body during
adolescence.
Choose words or phrases from the list. [3m]

At the same time

Body hair Breasts Earlier than
as

Enzymes Hormones Later than Proteins

During adolescence, the human body begins to change.

Both sexes begin to grow ……………………………………………. .

This is due to the increased amount of …………………………………………….

made by the sex organs.

On average, females become sexually mature

…………………………………………….

males.
6 (a) The diagram shows the gas exchange system in humans.

(i) Identify the part labelled P on the diagram.

Tick (✓) one box. [1m]

Alveoli
Diaphragm

Intercostal muscle
Larynx

Trachea
(ii) Identify the part labelled Q on the diagram.
Tick (✓) one box. [1m]

Alveoli
Diaphragm
Intercostal muscle

Larynx
Trachea

(iii) Tobacco smoke contains carbon monoxide.

Carbon monoxide binds to haemoglobin.
Explain how this affects respiration in the body. [1m]
(b) The figure shows some data on chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder
(COPD) in people of different age groups.

(i) What is the percentage of females aged 60-69 with COPD? [1m]

(ii) Describe two trends shown in the figure. [2m]

7 Here is a diagram showing the muscles and bones in the arm.

(a) Label the two muscles. [1m]

(b) Complete the sentences to explain how the muscles work together to
make the arm bend.

Choose words from the list.

You may use each word once, more than once or not at all. [2m]

Antagonistic Breaks Contracts Involuntary

Relaxes Stretches Voluntary

When the arm bends upwards, the bicep muscle

…………………………………………….

and the triceps muscle ……………………………………………. .

The biceps and triceps are ……………………………………………. muscles.

8 Copper sulfate is a blue solid that dissolves in water.

Complete these sentences about copper sulfate dissolving in water.

Choose words from the list. [2m]

Insoluble Soluble Solute

Solution Solvent

Copper sulfate is ……………………………….. in water.

Copper sulfate dissolves in water to form a blue

……………………………….. .

Water is the ……………………………….. and copper sulfate is

the ……………………………….. .
9 Amy separates some food colourings.

Amy:
• draws a start line in pencil on some filter paper
• places dots of different food colourings on the start line
• puts the filter paper in the solver as shown in the diagram.

• waits until the solvent has soaked up the filter paper.

Look at her results.

(a) Write down the name of this separation technique. [1m]

(b) Which food colourings are not pure substances?

Explain your answer. [2m]

(c) Write down the colours in the purple food colouring.

Choose from the list. [1m]

Brown Red Yellow Blue

10 The diagram shows part of the Periodic Table.

The number above each chemical symbol shows the number of protons in the
atom.

(a) How many protons are there in an atom of sodium? [1m]

(b) How many electrons are there in an atom of oxygen? [1m]

(c) Look at the diagram of an atom.

Neutron

(i) Write down the chemical symbol for this atom. [1m]

(ii) Label the diagram.

Choose from the list. [2m]

Electron Neutron Proton

11 Gabriella makes some sugar.
It is important that the sugar is very pure.

(a) What is meant by a pure substance? [1m]

(b) Gabriella makes 12.0 g of a solid.

The solid contains 10.8 g of sugar.

What is the percentage purity of sugar in the solid?

Use the equation below. [1m]

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑓𝑢𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡

𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑝𝑢𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 = × 100
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑑
12 The graph shows changes in carbon dioxide in the Earth’s atmosphere.

What is the main cause of this change in carbon dioxide? [1m]

A. More fossil fuels were being burnt

B. Less volcanic activity

C. Rise in sea levels due to melting of glaciers

D. Less radiation from the Sun

13 (a) Throughout Earth’s history, there have been long periods of time where
glaciers and ice sheets cover large parts of the Earth.

What are these periods called? [1m]

A. dark ages

B. ice ages

C. cold ages

D. winter ages

(b) During an ice age, there are glacial periods and interglacial periods.
Give two differences between a glacial period and an interglacial period.
[2m]
(c) How do scientists know that the Earth’s climate was different in the
past?
Tick (✓) two boxes. [1m]

Big boulders were carried by glaciers and left in different

places after the glaciers melted.

There are less active volcanoes now than there were in the
past.

The shape of all modern continents can be fitted together to

make one large supercontinent.

Fossils of animals that are adapted for cold climates were

found in warm climates.

Most natural disasters happen at plate boundaries.

14 Look at the diagram. It shows solutions being mixed in a plastic cup.

Look at the table. It shows the results of five experiments.

Temperature Temperature after

Experiment before mixing mixing solutions
solutions (oC) (oC)
A 15 26
B 15 10
C 15 15
D 15 32
E 15 27

(a) Which experiment transfers the most thermal (heat) energy into the
solutions? [1m]
(b) Complete the sentence. [1m]

The reaction in experiment ………………………. is endothermic because

……………………….……………………….……………………….… .

(c) Suggest a reason for the result in experiment C. [1m]

15 Lim investigates the rusting of iron.

He puts iron nails into three different test tubes. Each test tube contains
different conditions.

The diagram shows the test tubes after one week.

(a) The iron nail in tube A rusts. This is because the nail reacts with water
and a gas found in the air.
What is the name of the gas? [1m]
(b) Complete the sentences about the investigation. [2m]
The iron nail in tube B did not rust because

…………………………………………………………………………… .

The iron nail in tube C did not rust because

…………………………………………………………………………… .

(c) Rusting is a reaction that is not useful. Give one reason why. [1m]
16 Some reactions of metals W, X, Y and Z are given below.

Reaction with dilute

Metal Reaction with water
hydrochloric acid
A few bubbles form slowly in Vigorous reaction. Gas is
W
cold water produced
Vigorous reaction. Metal Explosive reaction. Should
X
melts. Gas is produced not be attempted

Y No reaction No reaction

Does not react with cold

Z water. Hot metal reacts with Steady fizzing
steam

(a) Arrange these metals in order of most reactive to least reactive. [1m]
(b) Which of these metals could be
(i) Magnesium? [1m]

(ii) Gold? [1m]

(iii) Potassium? [1m]

(c) The equation for the reaction of X with cold water is given below.

X + H2O → XOH + H2

(i) What test can you use to show that the gas produced is hydrogen?
[1m]

(ii) How can you show that XOH is an alkaline compound? [1m]
17 The figure shows the names of the forces acting on an aircraft flying at a
constant speed and at a constant height above the ground.

(a) (i) State the name of the force in the figure caused by friction. [1m]

(ii) Use the names of the forces in the figure to complete the sentence.
[2m]

The aircraft is flying at a constant speed and at a constant height, so the

thrust must be equal to the ………………………………….. , and the

………………………………….. must be equal to the

………………………………….. .
(b) The aircraft travels a distance of 2170 km at an average speed of 620
km/h.
Calculate the time in hours for this journey. [1m]
18 The speed-time graph for a car journey is shown.

During which two parts of the journey is the car moving at constant speed?
[1m]

A. 1 and 3

B. 1 and 5

C. 2 and 4

D. 3 and 5
19 Lily balances a ruler on a pivot.

Calculate the size of force A.

Use the equation below. [1m]
20 A class is given some questions about pressure.
Their teacher gives them an equation to help them.

𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒
𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 =
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎

Answer the questions.

(a) A force of 200 N acts on an area of 2 m2.

(i) What is the pressure? [1m]

(ii) The same 200 N force acts on an area greater than 2 m2.
What happens to the pressure? [1m]
(b) A force of 100 N causes a pressure of 25 N/m2.
How big is the area that the pressure acts on? [1m]
21 Look at the diagram. It shows white light being split into different colours.

Complete the sentences by choosing the words from the list. [2m]

dispersion eight filter mirror

prism reflection refraction screen
seven six spectrum medium

When white light enters a ………………………………, it is split into

……………………………… different colours. This process is known as

……………………………… . The different colours are known as the colours of the

……………………………… .
22 An astronaut is on the Moon. She looks at the Earth.

Why can the astronaut see the Earth from the Moon?

Complete the sentences. [2m]

Light comes from the ……………………………… . The light hits the Earth and is

……………………………… . The light reaches the astronaut on the Moon. The

astronaut sees the Earth because the light enters her ……………………………… .
23 Look at the picture of a galaxy.

(a) List two objects that you can find in a galaxy. [1m]

(b) What is the name of the force that holds together all the objects in a
galaxy? [1m]
24 Carlos shines light through different coloured filters onto different colours of a
book.

Complete his results table. [2m]

Colour of light
Colour of light Colour of book
reflected into eye

Red Red

Blue Red

Red Magenta

White Cyan
25 Peter makes an electromagnet.

Peter wants to make a stronger electromagnet.

What does he do?

Tick (✓) the two correct answers. [1m]

Add another cell

Add another switch

Add more coils to the insulated wire

Change the iron nail to a wooden pencil

Remove the iron nail

Remove the switch

Turn the cell around