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Pratiti Basak (29201220015) Numericals and Analysis

This document describes solving systems of simultaneous linear equations using three methods: substitution, elimination, and graphical. It provides an example of each method, showing the steps to solve a pair of sample equations numerically using substitution and elimination, or graphically by plotting points from each equation on a coordinate plane and finding their point of intersection. The conclusion states that simultaneous equations make it easy to find the values of two variables.

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Aakash Nandi
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42 views5 pages

Pratiti Basak (29201220015) Numericals and Analysis

This document describes solving systems of simultaneous linear equations using three methods: substitution, elimination, and graphical. It provides an example of each method, showing the steps to solve a pair of sample equations numerically using substitution and elimination, or graphically by plotting points from each equation on a coordinate plane and finding their point of intersection. The conclusion states that simultaneous equations make it easy to find the values of two variables.

Uploaded by

Aakash Nandi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NUMERICAL ANALYSIS

CA2 ASSIGNMENT

Name: Pratiti Basak

Department: BCA

Year: 3rd

Semester: 5th

Roll no.:292012200015

TITLE:

Solution of system of simultaneous linear equation.

ABSTRACT:
Simultaneous linear equations are the system of two linear equations in two or three variables
that are solved together to find a common solution. The simultaneous linear equation is
represented as follows:

a1x + b1y = c1 a2x

+ b2y = c2

Here, a1 and a2 are the coefficients of x, and b1 and b2 are the coefficients of y, and c1 and
c2 are constant. The solution for the system of linear equations is the ordered pair (x, y),
which satisfies the given equation.

OBJECTIVE:

To find the value of x and y using various methods to solve simultaneous equation.

METHOD:
Three different methods are used to solve the simultaneous linear equations. They are:

• Substitution Method
• Elimination Method
• Graphical Method

EXAMPLE:

Substitution Method:
The below steps need to be followed to solve the system of linear equations or
simultaneous linear equations using the substitution method:

1. Rearrange one of the given equations to express x in terms of y.


2. Now, the expression for x can be substituted in the other equation to find the value of y.
3. Finally, substitute the value of y in any of the equations to find the value of x.

Solve the following system of linear equations using the substitution method:

3x – 4y = 0

9x – 8y = 12
Solution:

Given:

3x – 4y = 0 …(1)

9x – 8y = 12 …(2)

Step 1: Rearrange equation (1) to express x in terms of y:

3x = 4y x=
4y/3 …(3)

Now substitute x = 4y/3 in (2), we get

9(4y/3) – 8y = 12
(36y/3) – 8y = 12

12y – 8y = 12
4y = 12 y=
12/4 = 3

Hence, the value of y is 3

Now, substitute y= 3 in (3) to get the value of x

⇒ x = [4(3)]/3 = 12/3 = 4

Therefore, x = 4

Thus, the solution for the simultaneous linear equations (x, y) is (4, 3).
Elimination Method:

To find the solutions (x, y) for the system of linear equations using the elimination method, we
need to follow the below steps:

1. Multiply the given equations by a constant, so as to make the coefficients of the variables in
the equations equal.
2. Add or subtract the equations to eliminate the variable having the same coefficients.
3. Now, solve the equation for one variable.
4. Substitute the variable value in any of the equations to find the value of the other variable.
5. Finally, the ordered pair (x, y) is the solution of the simultaneous equation.

Solve the system of equations using the elimination method:

2x+3y= 11 x+2y
= 7 Solution:

Given:
2x+3y= 11 …(1) x+2y
= 7 …(2)

Now, multiply the equation (2) by 2, we get

2x + 4y = 14 …(3)

Now, solve the equation (1) and (3),


2x + 3y = 11
2x + 4y = 14
– – –

⇒y=3

Now, substitute y = 3 in equation (2),


x + 2(3) = 7 x + 6 = 7 x = 1

Hence, x = 1 and y = 3

Therefore, the solution for the system of equations 2x+3y= 11and x+2y = 7 is x = 1 and y=3.

Graphical Method:

To solve the simultaneous linear equations graphically, follow the below steps:

1. First, find the coordinates of two equations simultaneously by substituting the values of
x as 1, 2, 3, 4, etc.
2. Now, plot the points and we get two straight lines.
3. Observe the common point of intersection of two straight lines.
4. The common point of intersection of two straight lines is the solution of the simultaneous
linear equation.

Solve the simultaneous linear equations graphically: x+y = 4 and x -y = 0.

Solution:

Given:

x+y = 4 …(1) x
-y = 0 …(2)

Let us take equation (1), x+y = 4

When x = 1,

⇒ y = 4-1 = 3
When x = 2,
y= 4-2 = 2
When x = 3,

⇒ y = 4-3 = 1

x 1 2 3

y 3 2 1

Now, take the second equation x-y = 0

When x = 1,

⇒ -y = 0-1

⇒y=1

When x = 2,

⇒ -y = 0-2

⇒y=2

When x = 3,

⇒ -y = 0-3

⇒y=3
x 1 2 3

y 1 2 3

Now, plot these points in the XY coordinate plane.

From the graph, it is observed that the point of intersection of two straight lines is (2, 2), which
is the solution for the given simultaneous linear equation.
CONCLUSION:
From the above examples we conclude that
simultaneous equations help to get the values of
2 variables easily.

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