B.Sc. Industrial Biotechnology
B.Sc. Industrial Biotechnology
B.Sc. Industrial Biotechnology
SC INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
C. Programme Outcome
D. Programme Specific Outcome
E. Highlights of the Revamped Curriculum:
F. Value additions in the Revamped Curriculum:
G. Credit Distribution and Structure of Course
H. Template for Semester
I. Model Syllabus
J. Elective Courses (ED from other Department Experts)
K. Skill Development Courses
L. Institution-Industry-Interaction
SEM - I MICROBIOLOGY
Commercial Production of Microorganisms
Microorganisms & Agriculture
Products from Microorganisms
Bioremediation
Principles of Microbial growth
Bioreactor / Fermenter
Technology of Microbial cell maintenance
Downstream processing
ENZYME TECHNOLOGY
Enzyme technology
Biological fuel generation
Biotechnology in specific medical & industrial applications
GENETIC ENGINEERING
Introduction and Tools for Genetic Engineering
Different Types of Vector
Different Types Of PCR Techniques
c DNA Analysis
Gene Silencing and Genome Editing Technologies
BIOPROCESS TECHNOLOGY
SEMESTER - 2
Introduction to Engineering Calculation
Bioreactor Types and operation control
Bioreactor Design
Reactor engineering
Applications
IMMUNOLOGY
Immunology- fundamental concepts and anatomy of the
immune system
Immune responses generated by B and T lymphocytes
Antigen-antibody interactions
Vaccinology
BASICS OF INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
Introduction to Industrial Bio process
Production of Primary Metabolites
Production of Secondary Metabolites
Production of Enzyme and Other Bio products
Production of Modern Biotechnology products
DOWNSTREAM PROCESSING
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
Principles and application of Spectrophotometry
Chromatographic techniques
Electrophoresis
Methods for measuring nucleic acid and protein interactions
BIOCHEMISTRY
Organisation of Biomolecules
Lipids
Aminoacids
IUB Classification and nomenclature of enzymes
BIOINFORMATICS
SEMESTER - 4 Biological Database
Sequence Alingment and Database Searching
Phylogenetic Analysis
Structural Biology
Classification and Compare of 3 D Structure
Application in Drug Design
Analysis of Micro assay Data
Biological Algorithms
System Biology
CELL BIOLOGY
STATISTICS
Introduction
Descriptive Statics
Probability and Distribution
Correlation and Regression Analysis
Statistical Hypothesis Testing
Tests of Significance
Experimental Designs
SEMESTER - 5
FERMENTATION TECHNOLOGY
Industrial Visit
Reaction Engineering
Process Initialization
Reactor Engineering
SEMESTER 6
Bioprocess Scale up
Commercial Product Processing
Process Technology
Bio Conversions
Bio safety And Bio security
BIOETHICS
Philosophy And Theories Of Bioethics
History, Religion And Bioethics
Epidermiology And Biostatistics
Laws And Global Health Ethics , Public Health Policy
Research Ethics
Functions of clinical ethics committee
PROJECT
B.SC INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY SYLLABUS
SEMESTER - I
UNIT - I
MICROBIOLOGY
Commercial Production of Microorganisms – Industrial Fermenters, Single-cell
Protein. Bioconversions – Biomining and bioleaching of ores (Use of thermophilic
microorganisms in industrial microbiology Bio-gas, Bio-leaching, Bio-diesel.
Microorganisms & Agriculture – Microorganisms in Agricultural Waste water
treatment, Vermiculture, Microbial pesticides.
Products from Microorganisms – Metabolites, Enzymes, Antibiotics.
Bioremediation – Petroleum prospecting and formation of oil spills,, Wastewater
treatment, chemical degradation, heavy Metals.
Principles of Microbial growth – introduction, the ways of growing
microorganisms, ways to increase yield of microbes, Batch, fed-batch and continuous
cultures (definition and kinetics).
Bioreactor / Fermenter – types & operation of Bioreactors, physico-chemical
standards used in bioreactors, limitations of bioreactors, stages of fermentation
processes, Media design for fermentation processes, Solid substrate fermentation,
Fermenters (Stirred tank, bubble columns, airlift. Bioreactors, Static, Submerged and
agitated fermentation), advantages & disadvantages of solid substrate & liquid
fermentations.
Technology of Microbial cell maintenance – steps to maintain microbial culture in
an aseptic & sterile environment (how to inoculate, preserve & maintain), Strain
preservation, maintenance and strain improvement by mutation of gene transfer
processes
Downstream processing – extraction, separation, concentration, recovery &
purification, operations (Insulin, Vitamins, Metabolites), Industrial production of
Ethyl alcohol, Acetic Acid (Vinegar), Citric acid, lactic acid, α-amylase, protease
penicillin, tetracycline and vitamin B12, with reference to easily available raw
materials, Production of herbal drugs. .
UNIT - II
ENZYME TECHNOLOGY
Enzyme technology
Nature of enzymes, application of enzymes, limitations of microbial cells used as
catalysts in fermentation, multi-enzyme reactors, genetic engineering & protein
engineering of enzymes, cloning strategy for enzymes, technology of enzyme
production, use of immobilized cells and enzymes (Ca-alginate beads,
polyacrylamide), industrial applications of immobilized enzymes.
UNIT - III
GENETIC ENGINEERING
UNIT - I
INTRODUCTION AND TOOLS FOR GENETIC ENGINEERING
UNIT - II
DIFFERENT TYPES OF VECTOR
UNIT- III
DIFFERENT TYPES OF PCR TECHNIQUES
UNIT - IV
c DNA ANALYSIS
UNIT - V
GENE SILENCING AND GENOME EDITING TECHNOLOGIES
UNIT I
Introduction to Engineering Calculation
Introduction to engineering calculations; unit conversion, measurement conventions,
Errors in Data and Calculations, Presentation of Experimental Data, Data Analysis,
General Procedures For Plotting Data, Process Flow Diagrams.
UNIT II.
Bioreactor Types and operation control
Batch reactors, fed-batch reactors, CSTR reactors, various types of bioreactors for
microbial, animal , plant cell culture, fluidized bed reactor, bubble column, air lift
fermenter, packed bed, trickle bed etc. parallel and series bioreactor. Impellers, stirrer,
glands and bearings, packed gland seal, mechanical seal, magnetic drives, baffles,
different types of spargers, computer based advance controllers for bioreactors.
UNIT III.
Bioreactor Design
Introduction, general design information, design of bioreactors, basic function of a
bioreactor design, mass and energy balance, materials of construction for bioprocess
plant, mechanical design of process equipment, utilities for biotechnology production
plants.
UNIT IV.
Reactor engineering Ideal reactors, concept of holding and space time, performance
equations for single reactors; multiple reactor systems, design of multiple reactors:
kinetics of series and parallel reaction, residence time distributions (RTD), exit age
distribution, recycle reactors, recycle ratio for auto catalytic reactions.
UNIT V.
Applications Process technology for the production of cell biomass and some
primary metabolites, e.g. ethanol, acetone-butanol, citric acid, dextran and amino
acids. Microbial production of industrial enzymes glucose isomerase, cellulase &
lipases. Applications of bioconversion, transformation of steroids and sterols.
Transformation of non-steroidal compounds, antibiotics and pesticides. Bioenergy-
fuel from biomass, production and economics of biofuels. Metal recovery and
microbial desulfurization of coal.
Unit I
Immunology- fundamental concepts and anatomy of the immune system
Components of innate and acquired immunity; Phagocytosis; Complement and
Inflammatory responses; Haematopoesis; Organs and cells of the immune system
primary and secondary lymphoid organs; Lymphatic system; Lymphocyte circulation;
Lymphocyte homing; Mucosal and Cutaneous associated Lymphoid tissue.
(MALT&CALT); Mucosal Immunity; Antigens - immunogens, haptens; Major
Histocompatibility Complex - MHC genes, MHC and immune responsiveness and
disease susceptibility, HLA typing.
Unit II
Immune responses generated by B and T lymphocytes
Immunoglobulins-basic structure, classes and subclasses of immunoglobulins,
antigenic determinants; Multigene organization of immunoglobulin genes; B-cell
receptor; Immunoglobulin superfamily; Principles of cell signaling; Immunological
basis of self – non-self discrimination; Kinetics of immune response, memory; B-cell
maturation, activation and differentiation; Generation of antibody diversity; T-cell
maturation, activation and differentiation and T-cell receptors; Functional T Cell
Subsets; Cellmediated immune responses, ADCC; Cytokines-properties, receptors
and therapeutic uses; Antigen processing and presentation- endogenous antigens,
exogenous antigens, non-peptide bacterial antigens and super-antigens; Cell-cell co-
operation, Hapten-carrier system.
Unit III
Antigen-antibody interactions
Precipitation, agglutination and complement mediated immune reactions; Advanced
immunological techniques - RIA, ELISA, Western blotting, ELISPOT assay,
immunofluorescence, flow cytometry and immunoelectron microscopy; Surface
plasma resonance, Biosenor assays for assessing ligand –receptor interaction, CMI
techniqueslymphoproliferation assay, Mixed lymphocyte reaction, Cell Cytotoxicity
assays, Apoptotosis, Microarrays, Transgenic mice, Gene knock outs.
Unit IV
Vaccinology
Active and passive immunization; Live, killed, attenuated, sub unit vaccines; Vaccine
technology- Role and properties of adjuvants, recombinant DNA and protein based
vaccines, plant-based vaccines, reverse vaccinology; Peptide vaccines, conjugate
vaccines; Antibody genes and antibody engineering- chimeric and hybrid monoclonal
antibodies; Catalytic antibodies and generation of immunoglobulin gene libraries.
References
1. William E. Paul, Fundamental Immunology, Wolters Kluwer/ Lippincott
Williams & Wilkins.
2. Stephen K Wikel, The Immunology Host-Ectoparasitic arthropod relationships.
Cabinternational.
3. Herman N. Eisen, MD, General Immunology. J.B. Lippincott Company. F.M.
Burnet, Immonology. W.H. Freeman and company
4. Jack G. Chirikjian, Plant Biotechnology, Animal cell culture
Immunobiotechnology. Jones and Bartlett Publisher
UNIT - III
BASICS OF INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
UNIT – I :
INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL BIOPROCESS
Biotechnology: Scope and importance, Commercial potential of Biotechnology in
India. Historical overview of industrial fermentation process -traditional and modern
Biotechnology. Industrial Fermentation- microorganisms, mode of operation,
fermentation processes-pictorial representation
UNIT – II :
PRODUCTION OF PRIMARY METABOLITES
A brief outline of processes for the production of some commercially important
organic acids (citric acid, lactic acid & acetic acid); amino acids (glutamic acid &
tryptophan) and alcohols (ethanol & butanol)
UNIT – III :
PRODUCTION OF SECONDARY METABOLITES
Production processes for various classes of secondary metabolites: antibiotics:
(penicillin streptomycin & erythromycin), vitamins (Vit B12 and Vit B2) and steroid
biotransformation.
UNIT – IV :
PRODUCTION OF ENZYMES AND OTHER BIOPRODUCTS
Production of industrial enzymes (proteases & amylases), Production of biopesticide,
Biofertilizers, biopreservative (Nisin), biopolymers (xanthan gum & PHB), cheese,
SCP.
UNIT – V :
PRODUCTION OF MODERN BIOTECHNOLOGY PRODUCTS
Production of recombinant proteins having therapeutic and diagnostic applications
(insulin, human growth hormone), Production of recombinant vaccines (Hepatitis B
vaccine, cholera vaccine), production of monoclonal antibodies.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Lee, S.Y., Nielsen, J. and Stephanopoulos, G., “Industrial Biotechnology: Products
and Processes”, John Wiley & Sons, 2016.
2. Waites, M.J., Morgan,N.L., Rockey,J.S., Higton, G., “Industrial Microbiology: An
Introduction” Blackwell, 2001.
3. Cruger, W., Cruger, A., “A Textbook of Industrial Microbiology”, Panima
Publishing Corporation, 2nd Edition, 2005.
SEMESTER -3
UNIT - I
DOWNSTREAM PROCESSING
UNIT - I
UNIT -II
Aqueous two phase partitioning system , A platform for isolation of process related
impurities from therapeutics proteins , Simultaneous purification refolding of protein
by affinity precipitation and macro (Affinity ligand )- facilitate three- phase
partitioning bacterial cytoplasm and periplasm , immunoglobulin purification by
caprylic acid ; Filtration , Chromatography (comparison),rationale of choosing
between quality and cost of different products .
UNIT -III
Introduction , initial recovery of proteins , removal of whole cells and cell debris ,
concentrations and primary purification , protein inactivation and stabilization ,
protein characterization .
UNIT - IV
UNIT- V
General DSP, Case studies of : shikonin , Protein extract from Seed material and
green tissues.
UNIT- VII
General DSP, Case studies of : lipase , cellulose, amylase, horse radish per oxidase ,
subtilisin, ethanol, citric acid , xanthan gum.
UNIT - II
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
Unit - I
Principles and application of Spectrophotometry (UV-Visible spectrophotometry),
Titrimetry, Gravimetry, Colourimetry, NMR, ESR, Microscopy-phase, light and
flourscence microscopes, Scanning and Transmission electron microscopes.
Unit - II
Chromatographic techniques (Paper chromatography, thin layer chromatography, ion
exchange chromatography, Column chromatography), Atomic absorption
spectrophotometry, cytophotometry and flow cytometry, Fixation and staining,
Principles and techniques of nucleic acid hybridization and Cot curves, Principle of
biophysical method used for analysis of biopolymer structure, Hydrodynamics
methods, Plasma emission spectorocopy.
Unit - III
Electrophoresis, solid and liquid scintillation, X-ray florescence, X-ray diffraction.
Flame photomtery, Gas-liquid chromatography, High pressure liquid chromatography
- auto radiography, Ultracentrifugation.
Unit- IV
Methods for measuring nucleic acid and protein interactions, DNA finger printing
Molecular markers RFLP, AFLP, RAPD, Sequencing of proteins and nucleic acids,
southern, northern, western blotting techniques, PCR polymerase chain reaction.
References :
1. Principles of Biophysical chemistry - Uppadahay -Uppadahay - and Nath.
2. Analytical Techniques - S.K. Sahani
UNIT - IIII
BIOCHEMISTRY
Unit - I
Organisation of Biomolecules, Buffers, Principle and biological application of
diffusion osmosis, viscosity and Donnan membrane equilibrium. Carbohydrates :
structure and classification of carbohydrates, metabolism of carbohydrates : glycoysis,
TCA ycle HMP pathways.
Unit - 2
Lipids : Classification, structure and nomenclature of lipids, Biological significance of
lipids, physico- chemical properties of fattyacids and triacyl glycerol.
Unit - 3
Aminoacids : classification, structure and nomenclature of aminoacids, physico-
chemical properties of aminoacids. proteins: confirmation of proteins and
polypeptides secondary, tertiary and quartenary and domain structure of proteins,
denaturation of proteins and Ramchandran plots.
Unit- 4
IUB Classification and nomenclature of enzymes, general properties of enzymes,
enzyme kineticsMichaelis Menten equations, Coenzymes - structure and biological
fucntion of coenzymes A, TPP, FMN, FAD, NAD and lipoic acid, structure of purine
and pyrimidine bases, nucleosides and nucleotides. Primary structure of nucleic acid,
Three dimensional structure of t- RNA.
References :
1. Principles of Biochemistry Lehninger.
SEMESTER - 4
BIOINFORMATICS
UNIT - I
BIOLOGICAL DATABASE
UNIT -II
SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT AND DATABASE SEARCHING :
UNIT -III
PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS :
UNIT - V
CLASSIFICATIONH AND COMPARE OF 3 D STRUCTURE
DNA & RNA secondary and tertiary structure , t- RNA tertiary structure ; protein
secondary structure prediction : Algorithms viz Chou Fasman , GOR method Tertiary
structure prediction : Fundamentals of the ,methods for 3 D structure prediction
(sequence similarity/ identity of proteins of known structure , fundamentals of the
method for 3D structure prediction (sequence similarity / identity of target proteins of
known structure , fundamental principle of protein folding etc ) Homology/
comparative modeling , fold recognition , threading approaches and lab initio
structure prediction methods; CASP (Critical Assesment of protein Structure
Prediction ); Computational design of promoters , proteins enzymes .
UNIT - VI
APPLICATION IN DRUG DESIGN :
UNIT VIII
BIOLOGICAL ALGORITHMS :
UNIT IX
SYSTEM BIOLOGY :
CELL BIOLOGY
Unit I
An overview of cell and cell organelles:
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, cell size and shape, molecules of cell, cell
membranes and cell proteins., transport across nuclear envelope, The endoplasmic
reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, mitochondria, chloroplast, peroxisomes.
Nuclear Envelope- structure of nuclear pore complex, nuclear lamina Chromatin:
molecular organization, nucleolus and rRNA processing.
UNI T- II
Cytoskeleton and cell movement:
Structure and organization of actin filaments; actin, myosin and cell movement;
intermediate filaments; microtubules. Mechanism of vesicular transport. Endocytosis.
Bacterial and Eukaryotic Cell Wall; The plasma membrane structure; Transport of
small molecules,the extracellular matrix and cell matrix interactions; cell-cell
interactions
UNIT - III
Microscopic
-Principles of Light microscopy; Phase contrast microscopy; Confocal microscopy;
Electron microscopy (EM)- scanning EM and scanning transmission EM (STEM);
Fluorescence microscopy. Analytical- Flow cytometry- flurochromes, fluorescent
probe and working principle; Spectrophotometry; Mass spectrometry; X-ray
diffraction analysis.Separation-Sub-cellular fractionation- differential and density
gradient centrifugation; Chromatography- paper, thin-layer, gel-filtration, ion-
exchange,affinity and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
UNIT - IV
Cell signaling, cell Cycle, cell death and renewal:
Signaling molecules and their receptor; functions of cell surface receptors;Cancer
and mutation: Development and Causes of Cancer, Tumor Viruses, Oncogenes,
Tumor Suppressor genes, Mutation, types of mutation Intracellular signal transduction
pathway; signaling networks. Eukaryotic Cell Cycle, Regulation of Cell cycle
progression, Events of Mitotic Phase, Meiosis and Fertilization. Programmed Cell
Death, Stem Cells and Maintenance of adult tissues, Embryonic Stem Cells and
Therapeutic cloning Cancer Treatment- molecular approach.
Suggested readings:
UNIT - I
INTRODUCTION
Types of biological data (ordinal scale , nominal scale, continuous and discrete data),
frequency distribution and graphical representation (bar graph, histogram , box plot
and frequency polygon ), cumulative frequency distribution , populations, samples,
simple random , stratified and systematic sampling .
UNIT - II
DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
UNIT - III
PROBABILITY AND DISTRIBUTION :
UNIT - IV
UNIT - VI
TESTS OF SIGNIFICANCE
UNIT - VII
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS
1. Jaype Brothers, (2011), Methods in bio-statistics for medical students and Research
workers (English ) , 7th Edition
2. Norman T.J. Bailey , (1995), statistical Methods in biology , 3rd Edition ,
Cambridge University press.
3. P.N. Arora and P.K. Malhan , (2006), Bio-statics , 2nd Edition , Himalaya
publishing House
4. Jerold Zar , Bio statistical Analysis , 4th Edition , Pearson Education .
5. Bio-statistics : A Foundation for analysis in the Health Science , 7 th Edition ,
Wiley.
6. ML Samuels , JA Witmer (2003) Statistics for the life science , 3rd edition . prentice
Hall.
SEMESTER - 5
UNIT - I
INDUSTRIAL VISIT
UNIT - II
FERMENTATION TECHNOLOGY
REACTION ENGINERRING :
UNIT - III
PROCESS INITIALIZATION :
UNIT - IV
REACTOR ENGINEERING
UNIT - V
BIOPROCESS SCALE UP
Heat and mass transfer issues in bioreactors, Estimation of KLa , Scale up with
constant parameter like oxygen transfer rate , mixing, shear stress,f low regime,
Reactor volume , etc. Scale up method by currently used rules -of - thumb viz.
Constant P/V, kLa, Various approaches to scale up including regime analysis and
scale down ; Analysis of alternate bioreactor configuration including cell -cycle , air
lift and immobilized - cell bioreactors, Problems on scale - up method .
UNIT - VI
COMMERCIAL PRODUCT PROCESSING
Bulk organs (ethanol ), Biomass (Bakers yeast ), Organic acids (Citric acid ),
Amino acids (L- Lysine ), Microbial Transformation (steroids), Antibiotics (Penicillin
), Extra Cellular Polysaccharides (Xantham Gum ) , Nucleotide (5- GMP ), vitamins
(B12) ,Pigments (Shikonim )
UNIT - VI I
PROCESS TECHNOLOGY
UNIT - VIII
BIOCONVERSIONS
UNIT - IX
UNIT - III
EPIDERMIOLOGY AND BIOSTATISTICS
Design and carry out an epidemiological studies ; Reliability and validity of
instruments (tests) from data provided ; Relevant measures of association and
potential impact ; Evaluate critically journal articles (adequacy of the design ,
potential source of statistical and non- statistical errors and validity of conclusions)
UNIT - IV
LAWS AND GLOBAL HEALTH ETHICS , PUBLIC HEALTH POLICY
Indian law and its implication on clinical medicine and Research ; Display in health ,
health care and access to health ; Disparity in resource allocation for health , Macro,
meso and micro levels ; Research in developing countries ; Public health policy and
resource allocation ; Ethical Analysis of policies
UNIT - V
RESEARCH ETHICS
IRB and its function ; Ethical issues in clinical research ;Vulnerable population
Risk and benefits ; Authorship ; Human protectionism ; Contemporary issue in
research ethics
UNIT - VI
Functions of clinical ethics committee; Ethical issues at the end of life ; Ethical issues
at the beginning of life ; Reproductive medicine and ethics ; Contemporary issue in
bioethics; Resource allocation; Euthanasia; Professionalism
SEMESTER 6
PROJECT