10

Science
Quarter 2 – Module 5:
Ways in Which Properties of
Mirrors and Lenses Determine
Their Use in Optical Instrument
Science – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 5: Ways in Which Properties of Mirrors and Lenses Determine Their
Use in Optical Instrument
First Edition, 2020

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 10

Science
Quarter 2- Module 5
Ways in Which Properties of
Mirrors and Lenses Determine
Their Use in Optical Instrument
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science – Grade 10 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module

on Ways in Which Properties of Mirrors and Lenses Determine Their Use in Optical
Instrument

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by

educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or
facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum
while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also
aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

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For the learner:

Welcome to the Science – Grade 10 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module

on Ways in Which Properties of Mirrors and Lenses Determine Their Use in Optical
Instrument

After learning about the characteristics of different Electromagnetic spectrum,

it is now time to apply it in a practical use. Since in all the things and activities in
our doing, EM waves is applicable. Like the different EM waves, you should have a
great effect in our society. So good luck and break a leg in this module.

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

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 What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

iv
 What I Need to Know

The Department of Education along with SDO Bataan made a concrete plan
to ensure the continuity learning this time of pandemic Covid-19. It considered the
k-12 learning competencies and carefully reviewed and selected the Most essential
Learning Competencies (MELC) that will fit he current educational setting. Varied
learning modalities are presented including modules to reach out the students with
limited resources.
This module in Science is intended for the Grade 10 students and it is
designed and written for them to understand more the properties of mirrors and
lenses by determining their uses in optical instruments.

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

1. Identify ways in which the properties of mirrors and lenses determine their use
in optical instruments (e.g., cameras periscope and binoculars)
a. Construct a periscope.
b. Trace the incidence and reflected rays in the periscope.

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 What I Know

DIRECTION: Read the questions carefully and choose the letter of the best answer.
Use a separate sheet of paper for your answer.
1. It is use to reflect and refract light to form image?
a. lens b. mirrors c. a only c. both a and b .
2. What type of mirror is used in constructing periscope?
a. Plane mirror c. Concave mirror
b. convex mirror d. None of the above
3. It is the study of visible light and it is used to extend human vision.
a. optical b. optics c. physics d. logic
4. This optical instrument uses 2 convex lenses to make a smaller object larger.
a. Camera b. Microscope c. Oscilloscope d. Telescope
5. It is the ray that represents the light reflected by the surface of the mirror.
a. Incident ray b. Reflected ray c. Gamma ray d. Alpha ray
6. It is a ray of light that strikes a surface of the mirror.
a. Incident ray b. Reflected ray c. Gamma ray d. Alpha ray
7. An optical device used to see far or distant object clearly.
a. Camera c, Compound microscope
b. Simple microscope d. Telescope
8. A compound microscope is an optical instrument. Which statement does not
describe it?
a. it makes small object looks bigger
b. it is used to magnify distant object clearly
c. It is consists of two converging lens- an objective lens and eyepiece.
d. It has eyepiece that enlarge the image of the object lens,
9. An optical instrument use to observe over the obstacles of between 9 and 26
meters in height, and they are used in the submarines
a. telescope b. periscope c. microscope d. camera
10. An optical instrument used to record images
a. Camera c. Simple microscope
b, Compound microscope d. Telescope
11. How many plane mirrors are used in the construction of improvised periscope?
a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4
12. Which of the following instrument uses mirrors and lenses to reflect and refract
light and form images?
a. Camera b. Periscope c. Microscope d. All of these
13. These are the uses of periscope EXCEPT;
a. It is use to magnify minute objects
b. It is use to detect submarines
c. It is use to watch tower to look after the enemies
d. It is use to see objects on the other side of a high objects which cannot be
seen by the eyes directly.

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14. The periscopes are used to observe over the obstacles of between:
a. 9 – 16 m in height c. 9 – 36 m height
b. 9 - 26 m height d. 9 – 46 m height
15. How could you build your periscope to see behind you?
a. By creating a forward-looking periscope by facing the mirrors in opposite
directions
b. By creating backwards-looking one by facing the mirrors in the same
direction
c. By creating both a and b,
d. None of these

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 Unit 2
LIGHT: MIRRORS &
MODULE
3 LENSES
In our previous discussion you learned two properties of light which are the
reflection and refraction. You have gained concepts on the rules of reflection and
refraction to describe and explain how the images are formed by mirrors and
lenses. You also solved problems pertaining to the exact location and magnification
of images formed by mirrors and lenses.
In this last activity on Module 2, you will make use of these concepts you
learned to improvise an optical device. You will be asked to plan, brainstorm, design,
and construct one of the following optical devices.

What’s In

Naming Optical Instrument

Name the optical instrument shown in the pictures below. Choose your
answer inside the box. Write your answer in a clean sheet of paper.

Glasses Camera
Microscope Periscope
Projector Telescope

https://www.google.com/search?q=ways+which+properties+of+mirrors+and+lenses+determine+their+use+in+optical+instrume

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 What’s New

Optics is the study of visible light and the ways it can be used to
extend human vision and do other tasks. Knowledge of light was needed for
the invention of optical instruments such as microscopes, telescopes, and
cameras, in addition to optical fibers. These instruments
use mirrors and lenses to reflect and refract light and form images.

Application of mirror and lenses

They use mirrors and lenses to reflect and refract light and form images. The light
microscope and telescope use convex lenses and mirrors to make enlarged images
of very tiny or distant objects. A camera uses a convex lens to make a reduced
image of an object.

Light Microscope

A light microscope is an instrument that uses lenses to make enlarged images

of objects that are too small for the unaided eye to see. A common type of light
microscope is a compound microscope, like the one shown in the Figure below.
A compound microscope has at least two convex lenses: one or more objective lenses
and one or more eyepiece lenses. The objective lenses are close to the object being
viewed. They form an enlarged image of the object inside the microscope. The
eyepiece lenses are close to the viewer’s eyes. They form an enlarged image of the
first image. The magnifications of all the lenses are multiplied together to yield the
overall magnification of the microscope. Some light microscopes can magnify
objects more than 1000 times!

5
 https://flexbooks.ck12.org/cbook/ck-12-middle-school-physical-scie

Camera

Camera, in photography, device for recording an image of an object on a light-

sensitive surface; it is essentially a light-tight box with an aperture to
admit light focused onto a sensitized film or plate.

A lens is a tool used to bring light to a fixed focal point. In a film camera,
the lens sends the light to the film strip, while in a digital camera (like DSLRs or
mirrorless cameras), the lens directs light to a digital sensor.

https://www.google.com/search?q=how+properties+of+mirror+and+lenses+use+in+camera

Telescope
A telescope is a tool that astronomers use to see faraway objects. Most
telescopes, and all large telescopes, work by using curved mirrors to gather and
focus light from the night sky.

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 The first telescopes focused light by using pieces of curved, clear glass,
called lenses. So why do we use mirrors today? Because mirrors are lighter, and
they are easier than lenses to make perfectly smooth.
The mirrors or lenses in a telescope are called the “optics.” Really powerful
telescopes can see very dim things and things that are really far away. To do that,
the optics—be they mirrors or lenses—have to be really big.
The bigger the mirrors or lenses, the lighter the telescope can gather. Light
is then concentrated by the shape of the optics. That light is what we see when we
look into the telescope.
The optics of a telescope must be almost perfect. That means the mirrors
and lenses have to be just the right shape to concentrate the light. They can’t have
any spots, scratches or other flaws. If they do have such problems, the image gets
warped or blurry and is difficult to see. It’s hard to make a perfect mirror, but it’s
even harder to make a perfect lens.

https://www.google.com/search?q=How+properties+of+mirror+and+lenses+usei+in+telescop

What is It

Optics and Optical Instruments

A periscope is an optical instrument that uses a system of prisms, lenses or
mirrors to reflect images through a tube. Light from a distant object strikes the
top mirror and is then reflected at an angle of 90 degrees down
the periscope tube.
At the bottom of the periscope, the light strikes another mirror and is then
reflected into the viewer's eye. This simple periscope uses only flat mirrors as
compared to the periscopes used on submarines, which are usually a complex
optical system using both lenses and mirrors.

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https://www.google.com/search?q=periscope+images&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiMi7GKot7qAhVF6JQKHRavAH8Q2-

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 What’s More

Making Improvised Optical Device

PERISCOPE
Task:
• Construct a periscope and trace the incident and reflected rays.

Materials:

: • 2 plane mirrors
• illustration board/cardboard
• cutting mat • glue/sticky tape
• cutter, scissors, foot ruler, clear lamp

Procedure:

1. With your own, using the materials given, design and construct an
improvised periscope based on the information gathered from different resources.
2. A record sheet is provided to serve as your guide for accomplishing the
written report on your constructed periscope. Refer to your copy of Attached
Assessment Tools: Problem Solving Sheet.
3. After accomplishing the problem solving sheet answer the guide
questions.

https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enPH878PH878&sxsrf=ALeKk017
3gBgsKwg3J02

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 Problem Solving Sheet
Name. ______________________________________________

Activity Title:__________________________________________

Problem: _____________________________________________

Type of Problem:

construction discovery testing

Procedure:
What I did to solve the problem?
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Sketch/Diagram of the Device/Model Constructed

What concepts you considered in the construction of the device?

_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________
What you found out?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________
What is your recommendation to improve the design/model built?
_________________________________________________________
Guide Questions:
• 1. What is Incident ray? Reflected ray?
• 2. How does the periscope work?

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• 3. Can you trace the path of light from the object, through the periscope, to your
eye?
• 4. How could you build your periscope to see behind you?
• 5. When would you use a periscope?

What I have learned

Word Search with a twist. Find the word and say something about the word
example; definition, function or use and importance.

Reflection of Light Word Search

R A A C D P E R E S C O P E T Y H N F S
A E C D E P Y O C O P Y L E T T H O L Y
T C F O F I R O P L A Y A N T Y E Q S R
R O R L G H I P W E R T I Y U I O L K M
E S T T E L E S C O P E N Q Y W X Z M B
W T Y Z A C R A B N M J M U I K L P O A
A E U X R E T L S R T Y I Q Y W X Z M A
T R I C F Y W I E S R T R D E P Y O C O
T D P V V R Q G O W R Y R R F O P L Y H
H A R B G I S H T N A R O P T I C S V G
H T L N J E S T O R P E R C A D R O P L
I Y K M Y R I Y T S A F H Q B C X C D K
L O J K S T Y N B N M J M Y P I L B H M
F E M O W R E F L E C T E D R A Y R O N
T K N P Q D S A F H Q B C X C R A S T O
C L O S I L O M N K L O M D E P Y O C O
Y R P C U S A F H Q B C X C W Q S D K S
M E N U W P L O M N K O O R T U Y G U O
M I C R O S C O P E L B I M L P O I L F
A B N K L T Y O P W D S A F H Q B C X C

1. Periscope 2. Microscope 3. Telescope

4. Light 5. Lens 6. Plain Mirror
7. Reflected Ray 8. Incident Ray 9. Optics
10. Reflection

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 What I Can Do

THINK OF IT!
THE USES OF PERISCOPE
Direction put check ( ) in YES column if it denotes the function of Periscope and
column NO if it does not.

FUNCTIONS/USES YES NO

It is used to detect
submarines.

It is used to magnify
minute objects.

It is used to see objects

on the other side of a high
objects which can’t be
seen by us directly.

It is used on watch tower

to look after enemies

It is used by soldiers in
trench warfare

It is used to record an
image

It is used to see above the

head of the crowds.
https://www.google.com/search?q=other+uses+of+periscope&rlz=1C1CHBF_enPH878PH878&sxsrf

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 Assessment

A. Label the diagram of the periscope

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=prxP0rNmaSA

13
B. Trace the path of light from the object, through the periscope to your eyes.

Write your answer here.

14
15
 Additional Activities

Research how periscope used during World War I (1914-1918) and World War II
(1839-1945). You can interview your grandparents, parents or anybody who have
knowledge about the topic. History books and other references can be use also.

___________________________________________________________________________
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_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
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_________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________

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17
Pre- assessment
1. c 6. a
2. a 7. d
3. b 8. b
4. b 9. b
5. b 10. a
11. b
12. d
13. a
14. c
15. c
Answer Key
 18
What I have learned
WORD SEARCH
R P E R E S C O P E
E L
F A
L I
T E L E S C O P E N
C M
T L I
I R
G O Y R
H N A O P T I C S
T R R
T
L N
E R E F L E C T E D R A Y
N D
S I
C
N
M I C R O S C O P E
1. Periscope -an optical instrument that uses a system of prisms, lenses or mirrors to
reflect images through a tube. It is used to detect submarines.
2. Microscope- makes small object see larger
3. Telescope- use to see distant objects
4. Light- is electromagnetic radiation that can be perceived by the human eye
5. Lens-reflect and refract light and form image
6. Plain Mirror- is a mirror with a flat (planar) reflective surface
7. Reflected Ray- ray that represents the light reflected by the surface.
8. Incident Ray-ray of light that strikes a surface
9. Optics- is the study of visible light and the ways it can be used to extend
human vision
10. Reflection- happen when light bounces off an object.
 19
Assessment
A. Label the diagram of Periscope
B. In a periscope, light from an object strikes the top mirror and bounces
off at the same angle. This sends light directly down the tube and onto
the lower mirror. This mirror, reflects light directly to your eye
What can I do
THINK OF IT!
THE USES OF PERISCOPE
FUNCTIONS/USES YES NO
It is used to detect submarines. ✓
It is used to magnify minute objects. ✓
It is used to see objects on the other side of a high ✓
objects which can’t be seen by us directly.
It is used on watch tower to look after enemies ✓
It is used by soldiers in trench warfare ✓
It is used to record an image ✓
It is used to see above the head of the crowds. ✓
References

Printed Materials:
Department of Education, Bureau of Secondary Education, Learner’s Material, Unit
2

Department of Education, Bureau of Secondary Education, Teacher’s Guide, Unit 2

Electronic Sources:

https://www.google.com/search?q=ways+which+properties+of+mirrors+and+lense
s+determine+their+use+in+optical+instrume

https://flexbooks.ck12.org/cbook/ck-12-middle-school-physical-scie

https://flexbooks.ck12.org/cbook/ck-12-middle-school-physical-scie

https://www.google.com/search?q=How+properties+of+mirror+and+lenses+usei+in
+telescope

https://www.google.com/search?q=periscope+images&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiM
i7GKot7qAhVF6JQKHRavAH8Q2-

https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enPH878PH878&sxsrf=ALeKk0173
gBgsKwg3J02

https://www.google.com/search?q=other+uses+of+periscope&rlz=1C1CHBF_enPH
878PH878&sxsrf=

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=prxP0rNmaSA

20
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region III,

Schools Division of Bataan - Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resources Management and Development Section (LRMDS)

Provincial Capitol Compound, Balanga City, Bataan

Telefax: (047) 237-2102

Email Address: bataan@deped.gov.ph