Green Chemistry

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GREEN CHEMISTRY

SYLLABUS

Course Objectives:

CO 1: To apply the basic knowledge of Chemistry to the Engineering Discipline.


CO 2: To develop knowledge about water and its treatment for industrial and potable
purposes.
CO 3: To develop understanding in the areas of Batteries, Fuels Mechanism of Corrosion of
Metals and Corrosion Control Methods, Green Chemistry andTechnology and Processes
involving Green Chemistry and apply the knowledge for solving existing challenges
faced in various engineering and societal areas.

Learning outcome:

LO 1: The students are able to apply the basic concepts and principles studied in
Chemistry to the field of Engineering.
LO 2: The students are able to apply chemistry to different branches of engineering
LO 3: The students are able to acquire the knowledge in the areas of Water Chemistry,
Mechanism of Corrosion of Metals and Corrosion Control Methods, Batteries, Fuel Cells,
Green Chemistry and Technology and Processes involving Green Chemistry and suggest
innovative solutions for existing challenges in these areas.

Unit 1: Water Technology


Sources of Water – Impurities and their influence of living systems – WHO Limits – Hardness and
its Determination – Boiler Troubles and their removal – Water Softening Methods – Lime-Soda,
Zeolite and Ion Exchange - Municipal Water Treatment-Break Point Chlorination – Desalination
of Sea Water – Reverse Osmosis Method, Electro-dialysis.

Unit 2: Batteries
Primary batteries: The chemistry - Types: Zinc-carbon (Leclanche type), zinc alkaline (Duracell),
zinc/air batteries; Lithium primary cells – liquid cathode, solid cathode and lithium-ferrous
sulphide cells. Secondary batteries: Lead acid and VRLA (valve regulated (sealed) lead acid),
nickel-cadmium, nickel-zinc, nickel-metal hydride batteries, lithium ion batteries, ultrathin lithium
polymer cells. Advanced Batteries for electric vehicles, requirements of the battery – sodium-beta
and redox batteries.

Unit 3: Fuel Cells


Fuel Cells: Description, working principle, anodic, cathodic and cell reactions, fabrication of
electrodes and other components, applications, advantages, disadvantages and environmental
aspects of the following types of fuel cells: Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, alkaline fuel
cells, phosphoric acid, solid oxide, molten carbonate, direct methanol fuel cells- Membranes and
Fuels
Unit 4: Corrosion
Corrosion: Origin and Theory – Types of Corrosion: Chemical and Electrochemical; Pitting, Inter
granular, Waterline, Stress – Galvanic Series – Factors Effecting Corrosion. Corrosion Controlling
Methods, Protective Coatings, Metallic Coatings, Electroplating and Electroless Plating.

Unit 5: Green Chemistry and Technology


Introduction and significance of green chemistry, Goals of green chemistry, 12 principles of green
chemistry, toxicity of chemicals, material safety data sheet (MSDS), concept of zero pollution
technologies, atom economy, functional toxicity vs non-functional toxicity, functional group
approaches to green chemistry, Elimination of toxic functional group, optimization of frameworks
for the design of greener synthetic pathways, Applications of green chemistry - Green solvents,
green fuels and propellants, biocatalysis.

Text Books

1. Engineering Chemistry – PC Jain and M. Jain – Dhanpath Rai and Sons, New Delhi.
2. A Text book of Engineering Chemistry – S. S. Dara – S. Chand & Co. New Delhi.
3. Hand Book of Green Chemistry and Technology; by James Clarke and Duncan
Macquarrie; Blakwell Publishing.

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