Humanities and Social Sciences Letters

2023 Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 260-270

ISSN(e): 2312-4318
ISSN(p): 2312-5659
DOI: 10.18488/73.v11i3.3421
© 2023 Conscientia Beam. All Rights Reserved.

Professional facilitator: Development of training courses to enhance the facilitator technique

for Thai community enterprises through online media

Tidarat Faculty of Industrial Education and Technology, King Mongkut's Institute

1,2,3

of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand.

Chuenchaikit1+ 1
Email: tidarat.ch@hotmail.com
Krissana Kiddee2 2
Email: kiddee2410@gmail.com
3
Email: thanin.ra@kmitl.ac.th
Thanin
(+ Corresponding author)
Ratanaolarn3

ABSTRACT
Article History This study aims to develop a training course to enhance the techniques of a facilitator
Received: 28 April 2023 for Thai community enterprises using online media. The author collected data from
Revised: 14 June 2023
Accepted: 19 July 2023 sixty participants from Thai community enterprises in two sub-districts using cluster
Published: 9 August 2023 random sampling. Three research instruments, namely, training courses, knowledge
tests and skill assessment forms were used for data collection. The data was analysed
Keywords
Courses assessment
using statistics such as mean (𝑋̅), standard deviation (SD), t- test dependent and one-
Courses development sample t-test. The ultimate contribution of this research is to enhance the economic
Facilitator training course stability of community enterprises for sustainability and self-reliance according to
Facilitator’s technique
Professional facilitator Thailand’s government strategic plans and national policy.
Thai community enterprise.

Contribution/Originality: This study contributed to the knowledge of professional facilitator techniques for
community enterprises. The findings help to increase problem management skills and self-reliance within the group
which will create sustainable economic stability for community enterprises in the future.

1. INTRODUCTION
According to the 12th edition of strategic plans established by the Office of the National Economic and Social
Development Council (2017), economic, social and environmental development are the ultimate goals for national
economic and social development policies. It focuses on increasing opportunities, providing government services in
education, health and quality welfare, building community capacity, improving the community economy and
building strong financial foundations such as supporting small businesses as well as social enterprises. The
department of agriculture extension also set three crucial strategies to promote community enterprises. There are
three guidelines for promoting and developing the potential of community enterprises: 1) Assessing the potential of
community enterprises. 2) Learning from external learning sources and focusing on self-reliant community
management. Organizing the concept of self-reliant development and having a process for effective problem-solving
management. 3) The preparation of a community enterprise plan (Office of Small and Medium Enterprise
Promotion, 2017).
Noppakesorn (2015) argues that there are still some farmers or community enterprises that are inappropriate
and incompatible with social and economic changes. The government’s strategic policies aim to promote the self-
reliance of community enterprises. It is crucial to train the members of the community enterprises to become

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 Humanities and Social Sciences Letters, 2023, 11(3): 260-270

facilitator. Wilkinson (2012) states that the facilitator is responsible for the guide, the motivator acts as a bridge
builder who creates and maintains a safe and open environment for sharing ideas, the clairvoyant who keeps an eye
on unusual behavior to avoid unwanted behavior, the praiser who admires the participants for their efforts, the
peacemaker who has to come to solve the problem quickly when the conflict and the group lead to create solutions,
the taskmaster who is responsible for the treatment of activities to be in accordance with the plan and the active
listener who has to listen and can analyze opinions efficiently. According to the government’s objectives, these
responsibilities are important to help community enterprises carry out their self-reliant activities or even solve
problems within the groups. Similarly, Kitson, Harvey, and McCormack (1998) also suggest that the facilitator has
an important role in helping people and teams understand what they need to change by using interpersonal
relationship management expertise to achieve the desired objectives. The crucial components of a facilitator consist
of individual characteristics, clearly specified roles and appropriate working styles.
It is necessary to develop a training course to promote the facilitation skills necessary for community
enterprises such as story telling techniques, questioning techniques, providing feedback, observation techniques,
body language techniques and listening techniques. A preliminary set of data was obtained from the needs
assessment process. Electronic Book (E-Book) and YouTube enable the exchange of knowledge between trainers
and trainees in learning regardless of time and place. Thailand’s government encourages community enterprise
members to learn management skills, knowledge and experience to become more independent in the future.

2. OBJECTIVES OF RESEARCH
The objective of the research was to develop a training course to enhance the techniques of facilitators of Thai
community enterprises through online media. The sub-objectives were: (1) to develop and verify the quality of the
training course. (2) To trial and study the effectiveness of the training course. (3) To assess the developed training
course.

3. LITERATURE REVIEW
3.1. Curriculum Development
According to Tyler (1950), the principles and reasons for curriculum development must answer four basic
questions: 1) What educational aims should schools pursue? 2) What educational experiences have the school
provided that will assist in achieving the intended aims? 3) How to organize the educational experience to be
effective? 4) How do you know that the goals you set have been achieved? These four principles and reasons must
be answered in order and brought into the process of curriculum development respectively. Saylor, Alexander, and
Lewis (1981) stated that the curriculum planning process consists of setting goals, objectives and scope for
curriculum design, implementation and evaluation. According to Taba (1962),the curriculum development process
consists of seven steps: 1) Needs analysis. 2) Determination of educational aims. 3) Selection of subjects to be used
in teaching and learning. 4) Gathering content by considering the suitability for learners to receive. 5) Selection of
learning experiences. 6) Organizing learning experiences. 7) Evaluation.
Curriculum development begins with a needs assessment. The second step is defining and prioritizing the
content that will be included in the curriculum. The third step is setting measurable goals and objectives. The
fourth step is emphasizing methods. The curriculum is aligned by selecting educational strategies. The fifth step is
determining what resources are needed at the practical level to implement the curriculum. The sixth step is
implementation and the last step is to evaluate the curriculum and use the results of that assessment to improve it
(Schneiderhan, Guetterman, & Dobson, 2019).
According to Noll and Wilkins (2002), stakeholders should be allowed to review and make further
recommendations after curriculum and program development. Critical skills, electives and special topics dependent
on factors such as the expertise of the instructor, the needs of the student and the work force should be included in

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 Humanities and Social Sciences Letters, 2023, 11(3): 260-270

the curriculum. According to Shawer (2010), curriculum makers should first conduct needs assessment followed by
organizing and sequencing teaching content. The data must be collected from various sources not only textbooks
and the subject matter should be relevant to the specified curriculum. In synthesizing the existing studies, Soto
(2015) concluded that curriculum development is a complex and ongoing process that requires analysis and
consideration in many areas. The curriculum developer must know about planning, implementing and evaluating
the curriculum. Understanding curriculum demand is one of the requirements of curriculum. Learners,
communities, subject experts and society are sources of information for curriculum development.
Church, Burkhardt, Phan, and Davies (2023) claimed that curriculum development demonstrates that
programs are designed to provide students with both practical and theoretical skills that help them succeed in
various future career paths. The curriculum is developed through revising, optimizing and re-observing the course
content through teaching methods that allow the program to be adjusted promptly to keep up with the current
curriculum and align with educational needs.

3.2. Training through Online Media

The training course to enhance the skills and techniques of facilitators for Thai community enterprises through
online media developed in this research is based on the account of Wannaphapha (2017) who suggested that the
criteria and guidelines for the use of social media in training are as follows: 1) the use of social media must be
relevant to the content and purpose of teaching. 2) The use of social media must be appropriate for the age, class,
knowledge and experience of the learners. 3) The use of social media must be appropriate to the teaching process
and teaching style. 4) The use of social media in teaching and learning must take into account the principles of
learning psychology and developmental psychology and the intellectual development of learners.
Faizi, El Afia, and Chiheb (2013) studied the advantages of using social media in education and found that social
media fosters communication between students and teachers and encourages students to share their thoughts and
express their opinions. Another advantage of the use of social media in education is that it fosters collaboration.
Online media can be a valuable tool that can enhance the learning experience, whether it is applied to fully online,
blended, or face-to-face learning. According to Hikamah, Rohman, and Kurniawan (2021), all students and teachers
interacted from their homes during online or virtual learning. According to research, students may improve their
communication skills through peaceful virtual communication using Zoom meetings and WAG. Raut and Patil
(2016) stated that social media has both positive and negative effects on education and students. Indeed, the use of
social media is a great way for teachers to pay attention to the academic progress of their students and to deal with
their various problems.
After examining the importance of using a digital learning platform in training, Gameil and Al-Abdullatif (2023)
revealed that Google Classroom is an effective digital learning platform for helping participating early childhood
teachers develop their cognitive and practical competencies in educational design. The results also showed a high
level of learning engagement among pre-school teachers on cognitive, behavioral and social levels when learning to
design instruction through the Google Classroom platform.
There are some barriers that prevent teachers from using social media for teaching and learning purposes in
India. The biggest barrier is the lack of social media integration with the learning management system and
management faculties. The lack of verification of the integrity of student submissions while using social media for
teaching and learning has been a problem for teachers from both India and Sri Lanka. Sri Lankan teachers also feel
that privacy is of the utmost importance when using social media for teaching. Social media is popular among many
people. Teachers are still unable to use the potential of this form of communication due to the lack of proper
mechanisms to integrate social media into learning management systems (De, Kurian, Dinithi, Hareesh, & Saira,
2018).

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 Humanities and Social Sciences Letters, 2023, 11(3): 260-270

In summary, when using online media in training, the content and purpose of the teaching must be relevant to
the media used. In addition, the teaching process and the teaching style must be appropriate for the age, level,
knowledge and experience of the learners. It also takes into account the principles of learning psychology and the
intellectual development of learners as well as the effectiveness of online media used in training. Online media will
serve to promote communication between learners and teachers effectively.

3.3. Curriculum Assessment

There are many different forms of assessment depending on the assessor used. In the present study, the
researcher applied the conceptual framework of responsive evaluation based on Stake (2004) who put a great
emphasis on the problems and needs of stakeholders by emphasizing the objectives and the design of the assessment
based on the needs and opinions of the stakeholders, strengths and weaknesses directly to the point. It evaluates
the total value of the project including the expectations and opinions that individuals have about it. The 12 steps of
assessment are as follows: 1) discussions with stakeholders to find out their needs and problems arising within the
community enterprise. 2) Identify the curriculum's scope by considering the problems and needs of various
stakeholder groups. 3) Study the overview activities of the curriculum to realize and understand the actual training
process which examines the suitability and consistency between the curriculum and training activities. 4)
Determine the objectives of the assessment by co-researching with the stakeholders in steps 1-3. 5) Create a
framework for assessment issues using information obtained from discussions with the stakeholders in steps 1-4 to
create a framework for assessment issues. 6) Determine the required information and sources together with
relevant people in order to design a method of data collection. 7) Select a tool for collecting data for the assessment
topic. 8) Data collection phase: the researcher collects the data using the tools chosen in step 7. 9) Preparation of
the assessment report to disseminate the results of the assessment to the chairman of the community enterprise
groups for acknowledgment. 10) Validate the results of the assessment after the data has been collected. 11)
Preparation of the report according to the interests of the groups. 12) Preparation of a formal report in the form of
research.
Anderson, Stern, Powell, Dayer, and Archibald (2022) concluded that responsive evaluation is a foundation of
collaboration that can build assessment capacity and foster critical thinking within the organization and across the
community. This evaluation supports organizational learning and promotes social justice through inquiry. This is
consistent with Curran, Christopher, Lemire, Collins, and Barrett (2003) who suggested that the core value of a
response approach is to promote stakeholder ownership since the responsive evaluation allows questions to appear
during the assessment process which enable the assessors to understand the program and determine what kinds of
issues and concerns are most important to stakeholders.
In brief, it can be concluded that responsive evaluation is an assessment of the needs and opinions of
stakeholders to co-create and design assessment issues among providers, assessors and program participants.

4. METHODOLOGY
4.1. Research Scope
The researcher continues to assign the informant group or the sample for the curriculum development step
approved by the Research Ethics Committee of King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang to conduct
this study (approval number EC-KMITL_66_033). There are seven experts to examine the appropriateness and
feasibility of the curriculum including curriculum research and development experts, training course experts and
educational technology experts. As for the process of trial and study of the effectiveness of the training course, the
researcher employs cluster random sampling and obtains 30 members of Thai community enterprises from 1 sub-
district in Nakhon Pathom province. However, it is also worth noting that these samples are different from those in
the training course assessment process.

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 Humanities and Social Sciences Letters, 2023, 11(3): 260-270

According to the report of the provincial community enterprise in Nakhon Pathom in Tongbuasirilai (2011),
one of the limitations in the development of community enterprises in Nakhon Pathom Province is that various
activities are often carried out by the group chairman alone. Particularly, the members seemed to cooperate well at
the beginning of the activities but sometimes they ceased to cooperate in the activities.

4.2. Data Collection Instruments

According to the research procedures, the tools for data collection consist of three instruments. In the course
development process, the data collection instrument was the assessment form for the appropriateness and feasibility
of the training course using a 5-level rating scale evaluated by seven experts. The evaluation results showed that
the appropriateness of the training course was at the highest level (̅
X = 4.51, S = 0.51) and the feasibility of the
training course was also at the highest level (̅ X = 4.52, S = 0.53). In the process of trial and study of the
effectiveness of the training course, there were two instruments used to collect data: a facilitator technique test
which was evaluated for content validity by five experts, quality ranged from 0.60 - 1.00, difficulty (p) was in the
range of 0.23 – 0.77, discrimination (r) was in the range of 0.27 – 1.00, reliability (Kuder-Richardson KR-20) was
0.75 and a facilitator skill assessment form which was evaluated for content validity by five experts, quality ranged
from 0.60 – 1.00 , reliability (r) by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.75.

4.3. Data Collection

During the phase of training course development, the researcher determined the experts to assess the
appropriateness and feasibility of the training course. The researcher coordinated and collected the assessment form
from them. The next phase is to test and study the effectiveness of the training course. During the training, the
researcher assessed facilitator technique knowledge that had been previously created by the researcher. The final
phase is the training course assessment. The researcher applied the 12-step responsive evaluation concept (Stake,
2004) to assess the training course. The researcher used steps 5-7 to create an evaluation framework and guide the
training course assessment as shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Evaluation framework of training courses to enhance the facilitator technique for Thai community enterprises through online media.
Objective Assessment Data Instrument Data analysis Assessment
issues criteria
1. To assess Assess the Members of The facilitator The t-test The facilitator
knowledge knowledge of community technique dependent was technique
facilitator enterprise groups knowledge test used to analyze knowledge of
techniques in Nakhon knowledge test community
Pathom Province, results by enterprise
1 sub-district, comparing the members after
30 people test results before using the training
and after using course was higher
the training than before using
course. the training
course.
2. To assess Assess the Members of The facilitator The one-sample The facilitator
skills facilitator's skill community skill t-test was used to skills of
enterprise groups assessment analyze facilitator community
in Nakhon form skills by enterprise
Pathom Province, comparing them members
1 sub-district, 30 with the criteria. compared to the
people criteria must not
be less than 75
percent.

4.4. Data Analysis

The researchers analyzed data from tests and assessment forms using statistical data as follows:

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 Humanities and Social Sciences Letters, 2023, 11(3): 260-270

1. The data on the quality of training courses derived from the appropriateness and feasibility assessment form
of training courses were analyzed by mean (X ̅) and standard deviation (SD) (Leekitwattana, 2015) then compared
with the criteria.
2. The data from the efficiency testing of training courses were analyzed by efficiency of process or efficiency of
products (E1/E2) (Phromwong, 2013). The formula for this study was as follows:
∑𝑋
E1 = 𝑁
x 100
𝐴

E1 = Efficiency of the process.

∑ 𝑋 = The total score of practice exercises, activities or tasks performed during the course.
whether inside or outside the classroom or online.
A = Full score for all practice exercises combined.
N = Number of students.
∑𝐹
E2 = 𝑁
x 100
𝐵

E2 = Efficiency of the product.

∑ 𝐹 = The total score of the post-test assessment.
B = The full score of the final assessment for each unit consists of the results of the post-test and assess the
final work.
N = Number of students.
3. The data in the evaluation of training courses were analyzed by comparing the knowledge scores of
facilitator techniques before and after using the training course using the t-test (Leekitwattana, 2015). The formula
for this study was as follows:
∑𝐷
𝑡=
2−(∑ 𝐷)2
√𝑛 ∑ 𝐷
𝑛−1

Df = n – 1
D = The difference between the scores of each pair.
∑𝐷 = The sum of the difference between the scores of each pair.
∑ 𝐷2 = The sum of the difference between the scores of each pair squared.
The average score of facilitator skills compared to the criteria must not be less than 75% using the one-sample
t-test (Chanaboon, 2015). The formula for this study was as follows:

𝑋̅ − µ0
𝑡= 𝑆
√𝑛

Df = n – 1

𝑋̅ = The mean was obtained from the data in the sample.

µ0 = The constant value set in the test hypothesis (H0) that the researcher wants to compare.

5. RESULTS
This study aimed to develop a training course to enhance facilitator techniques for Thai community enterprises
through online media (e-book and YouTube). The study was divided into three phases: Phase 1 was the
development and examination of training courses to enhance facilitator techniques for Thai community enterprises

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 Humanities and Social Sciences Letters, 2023, 11(3): 260-270

through online media. Phase 2 was the trial and study of the effectiveness of the training courses and Phase 3 was
the assessment of the training courses. The results of the study can be presented as follows:
The assessment of the quality of the training course to enhance facilitator techniques for Thai community
enterprises through online media on the appropriateness of training courses was overall at the highest level (X ̅ =
4.51, SD = 0.51). When considered individually, it was found that the measurement and evaluation criteria were the
highest (X ̅ = 4.71, SD = 0.49) while the duration was the lowest (X ̅ = 4.14, SD = 0.38)(see Table 2). The feasibility
̅ = 4.52, S = 0.53). When considering each aspect, it was
of a training course was generally at the highest level (X
found that measurement and evaluation were the highest (X ̅ = 4.71, SD = 0.49). Basic concepts in the course
̅
development was the lowest (X = 4.29, SD = 0.49)(see Table 3).
The ratio of the efficiency of the process to the efficiency of the results was 77.05/76.11 which met the
specified criteria of 75/75 (see Table 4).

Table 2. Mean (𝑋̅), and standard deviation (SD) of experts toward the appropriateness of the training course to enhance the facilitator technique
for Thai community enterprises through online media
N=7
Assessment items ̅
𝐗 SD Appropriateness Assessment results
1. Background of rational criteria 4.43 0.53 High Pass
2. Basic concepts in course development 4.43 0.53 High Pass
3. Objectives 4.57 0.53 Highest Pass
4. Course structure 4.29 0.49 High Pass
5. Duration 4.14 0.38 High Pass
6. Designation of learning units 4.57 0.53 Highest Pass
7. Description of the learning unit 4.57 0.53 Highest Pass
8. Scope of learning content 4.43 0.53 High Pass
9. Guidelines for learning management 4.57 0.53 Highest Pass
10. The process of organizing learning activities 4.57 0.53 Highest Pass
11. Learning materials 4.57 0.53 Highest Pass
12. Measurement and evaluation 4.71 0.49 Highest Pass
13. Assessment criteria 4.71 0.49 Highest Pass
Total 4.51 0.51 Highest Pass

Table 3. Mean (𝑋), and standard deviation (SD) of experts toward the feasibility of the training course to enhance the facilitator technique for
Thai community enterprises through online media.
N=7
Assessment items ̅
𝐗 SD Appropriateness Assessment results
1. Background of rational criteria 4.57 0.53 Highest Pass
2. Basic concepts in course development 4.29 0.49 High Pass
3. Objectives 4.43 0.53 High Pass
4. Course structure 4.43 0.53 High Pass
5. Duration 4.57 0.53 Highest Pass
6. Designation of learning units 4.57 0.53 Highest Pass
7. Description of the learning unit 4.57 0.53 Highest Pass
8. Scope of learning content 4.43 0.53 High Pass
9. Guidelines for learning management 4.57 0.53 Highest Pass
10. The process of organizing learning activities 4.43 0.53 High Pass
11. Learning materials 4.57 0.53 Highest Pass
12. Measurement and evaluation 4.71 0.49 Highest Pass
13. Assessment criteria 4.57 0.53 Highest Pass
Total 4.52 0.53 Highest Pass

Table 4. Efficiency test results of the training courses to enhance the facilitator technique for Thai community enterprises through online media
with the facilitator technique knowledge test.
The efficiency
Number Full Point Average of
Score of training
of trainees marks average percentages
course
The knowledge test for each training unit 30 70 53.93 77.05
77.05/76.11
The knowledge test after training 30 30 22.83 76.11

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 Humanities and Social Sciences Letters, 2023, 11(3): 260-270

The efficiency test results of the training course performed using a facilitator skill assessment form indicated
that the efficiency of the process to the efficiency of the results was 79.06/78.22 which satisfied the criterion of
75/75 (see Table 5).

Table 5. Efficiency test results of the training courses to enhance the facilitator technique for Thai community enterprises through online media
with the facilitator skill assessment form.
Number The efficiency
Full Point Average of
Score of of training
marks average percentages
trainees courses
The skill assessment form for each training
30 120 94.87 79.06
unit.
79.06/78.22
The skill assessment form after the training
30 15 11.73 78.22
unit.

The results of the evaluation of training courses to enhance the facilitator technique for Thai community
enterprises through online media by comparing the training achievements before and after training indicated that
̅ = 22.40,
the results of comparing the mean scores on knowledge of community enterprise members after training (X
̅ = 10.87, SD = 3.61) at the 0.05 level of significance.
SD = 2.14) were higher than before training (X

Table 6. The results of the data analysis compare training achievements before
and after training with the training courses to enhance the facilitator technique
for Thai community enterprises through online media. (n = 30).
Test Full marks ̅
𝐗 SD df t Sig
Pre-test 30 10.87 3.61
Post- 29 13.35* 0.00
30 22.40 2.14
test
Note: * p < 0.05.

The results of the assessment of the training course to enhance facilitator techniques for Thai community
enterprises through online media by comparing the mean scores for facilitator skills of community enterprise
members after training with the criteria found that facilitator skills for all six skills, namely storytelling skills,
questioning skills, giving feedback skills, observation skills, body language skills and listening skills showed a
mean score after training (X ̅ = 12.13, SD = 1.25) accounted for 80.89%, which was higher than the specified
criterion of 75%, statistically significant at the .05 level. (see Table 7).

Table 7. The results of the data analysis compared the mean scores on facilitator skills of community enterprise members after
training with criteria. (n = 30).
Skills Full marks Criterion (75%) ̅
𝐗 SD Df t Sig
Storytelling skills
Questioning skills
Giving feedback skills
15 80.89 12.13 1.25 29 53.08* 0.00
Observation skills
Body language skills
Listening skills
Note: * p < 0.05.

6. DISCUSSION
The evaluation results of the quality of the training course to enhance the techniques of facilitators in Thai
community enterprises using online media through e-book and YouTube are discussed. The appropriateness of the
training course was at the highest level (X ̅ = 4.51, SD = 0.51). Considering each aspect, it was found that
measurement and evaluation and evaluation criteria had the highest mean (X ̅ = 4.71, SD = 0.49) while the
̅ = 4.14, SD = 0.38) and the feasibility of the training course was at the highest
duration had the lowest mean (X
̅ = 4.52, SD = 0.53).
level (X

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 Humanities and Social Sciences Letters, 2023, 11(3): 260-270

̅=
When considering each aspect, it was found that the measurement and evaluation had the highest mean (X
̅ = 4.29, SD =
4.71, SD = 0.49) while the basic concepts of training course development had the lowest mean (X
0.49). The results of the current research are consistent with Tam (2014) and Mumbo and Kinaro (2015) who
suggest that teaching and learning must be aligned to achieve the objectives and relate to the course design process
as well as the elements of duration and the course sequence which should be specified in the curriculum to prepare
the learners before training.
The efficiency test results revealed that the ratio of the efficiency of the process to the efficiency of the results
was 77.05/76.11. It was found that the ratio of the efficiency of the process to the efficiency of the results was
79.06/78.22 which was in accordance with the criterion 75/75. This is consistent with the notion of Phromwong
(2013).
Therefore, the researcher tested the effectiveness of the courses before actual implementation to ensure that
training courses through online media (e-books and YouTube) were effective which guarantees the facilitator
technique for community enterprises.
When comparing training achievements, the results of the evaluation of training courses to enhance facilitator
techniques for community enterprises through online media revealed that the mean scores on knowledge of
̅ = 22.40, SD = 2.14) were significantly higher than before training
community enterprise members after training (X
̅ = 10.87, SD = 3.61) at the 0.05 level. When comparing the mean scores of facilitator skills after training with the
(X
̅ = 12.13, SD = 1.25) representing 80.89%
criteria, it was found that the facilitator skills had a mean score (X
which was higher than the criteria with statistical significance at the 0.05 level. This research is consistent with the
notion that Wilkinson (2012) stated that student and school grades have a relationship with curriculum assessment
systems.
This research is also consistent with the notion of Davis, Misra, and Van Auken (2002) in that curriculum
assessment provides a starting point for discussion among instructors about modifying or changing the curriculum
to suit their findings. Moreover, this research is consistent with the notion of Wyse and Torrance (2009) that a
focus on curriculum assessment can help UK students be more successful in the future. Therefore, the evaluation of
the training course is important in evaluating the various elements of the course to determine how appropriate they
are and whether the course can be used to achieve the desired objectives.

7. CONCLUSION
Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that the training course developed to enhance the
facilitator technique for Thai community enterprises through online media was of the highest quality. The training
course for enhancing facilitator techniques is used to train community enterprise members through e-book and
YouTube. Learning with interactive e-books improves the effectiveness of teaching in terms of greater satisfaction,
better teaching quality and teaching methods and stimulates the interest of the learners compared to the traditional
PowerPoint method (Liao, Tang, Chen, Huang, & Tiao, 2021).
YouTube is considered a user-friendly learning and teaching tool that engages learners emotionally, cognitively
and behaviorally (Mthembu & Roodt, 2017). When implementing a training course, it was found that when the
training achievement was compared, the score after training was higher than before training. The contribution of
this research is to expand knowledge in terms of facilitator techniques that community enterprise members can
apply to solve problems that arise between individuals or within groups.
It is recommended that policy development promote the sustainability and self-reliance of community
enterprises in Thailand. It is advisable for the government sector or relevant agencies to apply the training course
presented in this study to form concrete strategic action plans enabling community enterprise members to become
professional facilitators.

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 Humanities and Social Sciences Letters, 2023, 11(3): 260-270

Funding: This research is supported by the National Research Council of Thailand, Thailand (Grant
number: 173886).
Institutional Review Board Statement: The Ethical Committee of the King Mongkut's Institute of
Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand has granted approval for this study on 1 March 2023 (Ref. No. EC-
KMITL_66_033).
Transparency: The authors state that the manuscript is honest, truthful, and transparent, that no key
aspects of the investigation have been omitted, and that any differences from the study as planned have been
clarified. This study followed all writing ethics.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Authors’ Contributions: All authors contributed equally to the conception and design of the study. All
authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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