Electrical Machines Problem Set 2 PDF

1. A dc generator has a no-load output voltage rating of 120 Volts.
Its armature circuit

resistance is 0.95 ohm and its field coils are separately energized. If a load rated at
2 kW at 115 Volts is connected across the terminals, neglecting the effect of
armature reaction and line drop, what power would be absorbed by the load?
A. 1,670 Watts C. 2,000 Watts
B. 2,180 Watts D. 1,518 Watts
Answer:
Given:
𝑅𝑎 = 0.95Ω 𝑉 = 120 V
𝑊 = 2 kW 𝑉𝐿 = 115 V
Solution:
(𝑉 )2 1152
𝑅𝐿 = 𝐿 = = 6.613Ω Then,
𝑊 2000
𝑅 = 𝑅𝐿 + 𝑅𝑎 𝑊𝐿 = 𝐼 2 𝑅𝐿
𝑅 = 6.613 + 0.95 = 7.563Ω 𝑊𝐿 = (15.867)2 (6.613)
By using Ohm’s Law, 𝑾𝑳 = 𝟏𝟔𝟔𝟒. 𝟗𝟎𝟎 𝐖
𝑉 120
𝐼= = = 15.867A
𝑅 7.563
2. A shunt generator when running light as a motor at 1000 rpm takes 12 Amp from 115-
Volt mains. The field current is 7 Amp, and the armature resistance is 0.03 ohm.
Determine stray-power loss of the machine at this particular value of flux and speed.
A. 574.25 W C. 575.25 W
B. 576.25 W D. 577.25 W
Answer:
Given:
𝐼𝑎 = 12A 𝑅𝑎 = 0.03Ω
𝐼𝐹 = 7A V = 115 V
Solution:
By using the equation, Finally,
𝐸𝑎 = 𝑉 + 𝐼𝑎 𝑅𝑎 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑦 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 = 𝑃𝑇 − 𝐴𝐿 − 𝑆𝐿
We have, 𝑆𝑃𝐿 = 1384.32 − 4.32 − 805
𝐸𝑎 = 115 + [(12)(0.03)] = 115.36 𝑺𝑷𝑳 = 𝟓𝟕𝟓 𝐖
The total power is,
𝐸𝑎 𝐼𝑎 = (115.36)(12) = 1384.32
For the armature and shunt loss,
𝐴𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 = 𝐼𝑎 2 𝑅𝑎 = (12)2 (0.03) = 4.32
𝑆ℎ𝑢𝑛𝑡 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 = 𝑉 + 𝐼𝐹 = (115)(7) = 805
3. A shunt generator delivers 195 Amp of terminal of voltage 250 Volts. The armature
resistance and shunt field resistances are 0.02 ohm and 50 ohms respectively. The
iron and friction losses equal to 950 watts. What is the overall efficiency?
A. 94 % C. 96 %
B. 98 % D. 95 %
Answer:
Given:
𝐼𝐿 = 195 A 𝑅𝑎 = 0.02 Ω P𝑠 = 950 W
𝑉 = 250 V R𝑓 = 50 Ω
Solution:
Using Ohm’s law to find the field current,
𝑉 250
𝐼𝑓 = = =5A
𝑅𝑓 50
For armature current, we have,
𝐼𝑎 = 𝐼𝐿 + 𝐼𝑓 = 195 + 5 = 200 A
Then,
𝑃𝑂 = 𝑉𝐼𝐿 = (250)(195) = 48750 W
Electrical losses = 𝐼𝑎 2 𝑅𝑎 + 𝐼𝑓 2 𝑅𝑓
= [(200)2 (0.02)] + [(5)2 (50)]
= 2050 W
Total loss = 2050 + 950 = 3000 W Efficiency, 𝜂
𝑃
So that, 𝜂 = 𝑜 𝑥 100
𝑃𝑖𝑛
48750
𝑃𝑖𝑛 = 𝑃𝑜 + 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝜂= 𝑥 100
51750
𝑃𝑖𝑛 = 48750 + 3000 = 51750 W 𝜼 = 𝟗𝟒%
4. A long shunt compound generator delivers a load current of 50 A at 500 V and has
armature, series field and shunt field resistances of 0.05, 0.03 and 250
respectively. What is the generated voltage allowing 1 V per brush for contact drop?
A. 496 Volts C. 505 Volts
B. 506.2 Volts D. 484 Volts
Answer:
Given:
𝐼𝐿 = 50 A 𝑅𝑎 = 0.05 Ω R 𝑠 = 0.03 Ω
𝑉 = 500 V R𝑓 = 250 Ω
Solution:
𝑉 500
𝐼𝑓 = = =2A
𝑅𝑓 250
𝐼𝑎 = 𝐼𝐿 + 𝐼𝑓 = 50 + 2 = 52 A
For the voltage drop across series winding,
𝑉𝑠 = 𝐼𝑎 𝑅𝑠 = (52)(0.03) = 1.56 V
Armature voltage drop,
𝑉𝑎 = 𝐼𝑎 𝑅𝑎 = (52)(0.05) = 2.6 V
Drop at brushes = 2 x 1 = 2 V
So that,
𝐸𝑎 = 𝑉 + 𝑉𝑎 + 𝑉𝑠 + 𝑏𝑟𝑢𝑠ℎ 𝑑𝑟𝑜𝑝
𝐸𝑎 = 500 + 2.6 + 1.56 + 2 ; 𝑬𝒂 = 𝟓𝟎𝟔. 𝟏𝟔 ≅ 𝟓𝟎𝟔. 𝟐 𝐕
5. The windings of short-shunt compound dc generator have the following resistances:
Armature, shunt field, interpole and series field are 0.5 ohm, 253 ohms, 0.2 ohm and
0.15 ohm respectively .When the generator delivers 40 amperes at 500 Volts, its total
drop is 2 Volts . What is the generated power?
A. 26 kW C. 20 kW
B. 22.57 kW D. 24.22 kW
Answer:
Given:
𝐼𝑠 = 𝐼𝐿 = 40 A 𝑅𝑎 = 0.5 Ω R 𝑠 = 0.15 Ω V𝑏𝑐 = 2 V
𝑉 = 500 V R𝑓 = 253 Ω R 𝑖𝑛𝑡 = 0.2 Ω
Solution:
Let 𝑉𝑠 = drop on the series field
𝑉𝑠 = 𝐼𝑠 𝑅𝑠 = (40)(0.15) = 6 V
𝑉𝑓 = 𝑉 + 𝑉𝑠 = 500 + 6 = 506 V
𝑉𝑓 506
𝐼𝑓 = = =2A
𝑅𝑓 253
𝐼𝑎 = 𝐼𝐿 + 𝐼𝑓 = 40 + 2 = 42 A
Solving for the total losses;
𝑃𝑎 = 𝐼𝑎 2 𝑅𝑎 = (42)2 (0.5) = 882 W
𝑃𝑖𝑛𝑡 = 𝐼𝑎 2 𝑅𝑖𝑛𝑡 = (42)2 (0.2) = 352.8 W
𝑃𝑠ℎ = 𝐼𝑓 2 𝑅𝑓 = (2)2 (253) = 1012 W
𝑃𝑠𝑐 = 𝐼𝑠 2 𝑅𝑠 = (40)2 (0.15) = 240 W
𝑃𝑏𝑐 = 𝐼𝑎 𝑉𝑏𝑐 = (42)(2) = 84 W
𝑃𝑜 = 𝑉𝐼𝐿 = (500)(40) = 20000 W
So that,
𝑃𝑖𝑛 = 𝑃𝑜 + 𝑃𝑎 + 𝑃𝑖𝑛𝑡 + 𝑃𝑠ℎ + 𝑃𝑠𝑐 + 𝑃𝑏𝑐
𝑃𝑖𝑛 = 20000 + 882 + 352.8 + 1012 + 240 + 84
𝑷𝒊𝒏 = 𝟐𝟐𝟓𝟕𝟎. 𝟖 𝐖 ≅ 𝟐𝟐. 𝟓𝟕𝟏 𝐤𝐖

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1. A dc generator has a no-load output voltage rating of 120 Volts.

Its armature circuit

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