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    Solution:: KVA Ip

    Uploaded by

    Noor Mohammed
    The document provides information about three questions regarding transformer parameters and equivalent circuits. Q1 asks to sketch the equivalent circuit and calculate efficiency and voltage regulation for a 2.4-kVA transformer. Q2 asks to determine maximum efficiency, full load efficiency, and equivalent core-loss resistance for a 24-kVA transformer. Q3 asks to determine the approximate equivalent circuits from the high and low voltage sides using test data from a 25-kVA transformer.

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    Solution:: KVA Ip

    Uploaded by

    Noor Mohammed
    242 views3 pages
    The document provides information about three questions regarding transformer parameters and equivalent circuits. Q1 asks to sketch the equivalent circuit and calculate efficiency and voltage regulation for a 2.4-kVA transformer. Q2 asks to determine maximum efficiency, full load efficiency, and equivalent core-loss resistance for a 24-kVA transformer. Q3 asks to determine the approximate equivalent circuits from the high and low voltage sides using test data from a 25-kVA transformer.

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    The document provides information about three questions regarding transformer parameters and equivalent circuits. Q1 asks to sketch the equivalent circuit and calculate efficiency and voltage regulation for a 2.4-kVA transformer. Q2 asks to determine maximum efficiency, full load efficiency, and equivalent core-loss resistance for a 24-kVA transformer. Q3 asks to determine the approximate equivalent circuits from the high and low voltage sides using test data from a 25-kVA transformer.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    242 views3 pages

    Solution:: KVA Ip

    Uploaded by

    Noor Mohammed
    The document provides information about three questions regarding transformer parameters and equivalent circuits. Q1 asks to sketch the equivalent circuit and calculate efficiency and voltage regulation for a 2.4-kVA transformer. Q2 asks to determine maximum efficiency, full load efficiency, and equivalent core-loss resistance for a 24-kVA transformer. Q3 asks to determine the approximate equivalent circuits from the high and low voltage sides using test data from a 25-kVA transformer.

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    Q1) A 2.

    4-kVA, 2400/240-V, 50-Hz, transformer has the following parameters:

    R1 = 1.5 Ω, X 1= 2.5 Ω, R2 = 0.02 Ω, X2 = 0.03 Ω, Rc1 = 6 k Ω, and Xm1 = 8 k Ω.

    It is operating at 80% of its rated load at 0.707 lagging power factor.


    1) Sketch the approximate equivalent circuit referred to the high - voltage side.
    2) Determine the efficiency and voltage regulation.

    Solution:

    𝑅𝑒1 = 𝑅1 + 𝑎2 ∗ 𝑅2 = 1.5 + 102 ∗ . 02 = 3.5𝛺

    𝑋𝑒1 = 𝑋1 + 𝑎2 ∗ 𝑋2 = 2.5 + 102 ∗ . 03 = 5.5𝛺 Rc1 = 6 k Ω, and Xm1 = 8 k Ω

    0.8*(2.4KVA ) 45
    Ip   0.8 45 A
    2400 0
    𝑃𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 = 0.8 ∗ 2.4𝐾𝑉𝐴 ∗ .707 = 1357.44 𝑊

    𝑃𝑐𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 = (0.8)2 ∗ 3.5 = 2.24 𝑊

    V 1  2400 0  (3.5  5.5J )*(0.8 45)  2405 0.027 V

    24052
    𝑃𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 = = 964 𝑊
    6𝐾𝛺

    1357.44
    𝜂= ∗ 100 = 58.4%
    1357.44 + 964 + 2.24

    2405 − 2400
    𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑅𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = ∗ 100 = 0.2%
    2400
    Q2) A 24-kVA, 2400/240-V, 50-Hz, transformer has the following parameters:

    R1 = 25 Ω, X 1= 35 Ω, R2 = 250 mΩ, X2 = 350 mΩ and Xm1 = 3k Ω.

    The efficiency of the transformer is maximum when it operates at 80% of its rated
    load and 0.866 pf lagging. Determine
    (a) The maximum efficiency,
    (b) The efficiency at full load and 0.866 pf lagging, and (c) the equivalent core-loss
    resistance.
    Solution:

    𝑅𝑒1 = 𝑅1 + 𝑎2 ∗ 𝑅2 = 25 + 102 ∗ 250𝑚𝛺 = 50𝛺

    𝑋𝑒1 = 𝑋1 + 𝑎2 ∗ 𝑋2 = 35 + 102 ∗ 350𝑚𝛺 = 70𝛺 , Xm1 = 8 k Ω

    (a) The maximum efficiency

    0.8*(24KVA ) 30
    Ip   8 30 A
    2400 0
    𝑃𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 = 0.8 ∗ 24𝐾𝑉𝐴 ∗ .866 = 16627.2 𝑊

    𝑃𝑐𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 = (8)2 ∗ 50 = 3200 𝑊

    𝜂 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑃𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 = 𝑃𝑐𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠

    𝑃𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑
    ∗ 100
    𝑃𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 + 𝑃𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 + 𝑃𝑐𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠
    16627.2
    ∗ 100 = 72.2%
    16627.2 + 3200 + 3200

    (b) The efficiency at full load and 0.866 pf lagging

    1*(24KVA ) 30
    Ip   10 30 A, 𝑃𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 = 1 ∗ 24𝐾𝑉𝐴 ∗ .866 = 20784 𝑊
    2400 0

    𝑃𝑐𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 = (10)2 ∗ 50 = 5000 𝑊 , 𝑃𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 = 3200𝑊

    𝑃𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑
    𝜂= ∗ 100
    𝑃𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 + 𝑃𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 + 𝑃𝑐𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠
    20784
    𝜂= ∗ 100 = 71.7%
    20784 + 5000 + 3200

    (c) The equivalent core-loss resistance.

    24002
    𝑃𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 = 3200𝑊 , 𝑅𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 −𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 = = 1800Ω
    3200

    Q3) the following data were obtained when a 25-kVA, 2300/460-V, 50-Hz
    transformer was tested:
    Voltage (V) Current (A) Power (W)
    Open-circuit test 460 1.48 460
    Short-circuit test 108.7 10.87 709
    Determine the approximate equivalent circuit as viewed from (a) the high voltage
    side and (b) the low-voltage side.

    Solution:
    Open-circuit test:
    2
    𝑉𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑛 4602
    𝑅𝑐𝑙 = = = 460Ω
    𝑃𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑛 460

    2
    𝑄= (𝑉𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑛 ∗ 𝐼𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑛 )2 − 𝑃𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑛 = (460 ∗ 1.48)2 − 4602 = 501.8𝑉𝐴𝑅

    2
    𝑉𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑛 4602
    𝑋𝑚𝑙 = = = 421.61Ω
    𝑄𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑛 501.8

    𝑅𝑐𝐻 = (52 ) ∗ 460 = 11.5𝐾Ω 𝑋𝑚𝐻 = (52 ) ∗ 421.61 = 10.54𝐾Ω


    Short-circuit test:
    𝑃 709
    𝑅𝑒𝐻 = 𝐼 𝑠ℎ 𝑜𝑟𝑡2 = 10.87 2 = 6Ω
    𝑠ℎ 𝑜𝑟𝑡

    2 2
    𝑉𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑡 2 108.7
    𝑋𝑒𝐻 = − 𝑅𝑒𝐻 = − 62 = 8Ω
    𝐼𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑡 10.87

    6 8
    𝑅𝑒𝐿 = = .24Ω 𝑋𝑒𝐻 = = .32Ω
    52 52

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