B1+

Pioneer – Module 5: Looking ahead

Vocabulary Booklet

Lesson a

Reading/ Pages:56/ 57

Highlighted words:

 Appalling: shocking and very bad: Example: appalling injuries. Example: Prisoners were kept
in the most appalling conditions.

 Specialized: relating to one particular area or designed for a particular purpose:

Example: Her job is very specialized (= involves only one limited area).

 Advance (v) : to go or move something forward, or to develop or improve something:

Example: The fire advanced steadily through the forest.

 Browse: to look through a book or magazine without reading everything, or to walk around a
shop looking at several things without intending to buy any of them:
Example: I was browsing through fashion magazines to find a new hairstyle.

 Eradicate: to get rid of something completely or destroy something bad:

Example: The government claims to be doing all it can to eradicate corruption.

 Specify: to explain or describe something clearly and exactly:

Example: He said we should meet but didn't specify a time.

Other terms:
 Expert: a person with a high level of knowledge or skill relating to a particular subject or
activity: Example: a gardening/medical expert

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 Redecorate: o paint the inside of a house or put paper on the inside walls when this has
been done previously: Example: We're redecorating the kitchen.

 Not-so-distant future: Near future

 Put sb/ sth through their/ its paces: to make someone show their skills or knowledge, or
to make something show its good qualities:
Example: All the candidates were put through their paces during the television debate.

 Racetracks:

 Sophisticated: intelligent or made in a complicated way and therefore able to do

complicated tasks:
Example: I think a more sophisticated approach is needed to solve this problem.

 Keep up with: to continue to be informed about something:

Example: He’s never made an effort to keep up with current events.

 At your fingertips: If you have information at your fingertips, you can get it and use it
very easily:
Example: He has all the latest statistics at his fingertips.

 Swipe: to move a card containing information stored on a magnetic strip through a device
that reads this information

 Turn up (v): 1)If something that you have been looking for turns up, you find it
unexpectedly:
Example: The missing letter eventually turned up inside a book.
2) informal If a better situation or an opportunity to do something turns up, it
happens or becomes available unexpectedly or in a way that was not planned:
Don't worry about it - something will turn up, you'll see.

 Fitted: 1) permanently fixed in position. Example: a fitted wardrobe/cupboard

2) made to fit the shape of someone or something: Example: a fitted jacket/shirt

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 Locksmith: a person who repairs and/or makes locks and supplies keys.

Also, Notice:
(Black)smith: a person who makes and repairs iron objects and horseshoes

Vocabulary/ Page: 58
 Exactly: in the same way/ said when you are giving or asking for information that is
completely correct: Example: It tastes exactly the same as the real thing, but has half the
fat.

 Literally: using the real or original meaning of a word or phrase:

Example: They were responsible for literally millions of deaths.

 Actually: 1) in fact or really: Example:I didn't actually see her - I just heard her voice.
2) (SURPRISE) used in sentences in which there is information that is in some way
surprising or the opposite of what most people would expect: Example: I didn't like him at
first, but in the end I actually got quite fond of him.
3) (SAYING NO) used as a way of making a sentence slightly more polite, for
example when you are expressing an opposing opinion, correcting what someone else has said,
or refusing an offer: "Alexander looks like he'd be good at sports." "Actually, he's not."

 Scenario: a description of possible actions or events in the future: Example: There are
several possible scenarios.

 Situation: the set of things that are happening and the conditions that exist at a particular
time and place: Example: the economic/political situation

 In case of: in the event of (a particular situation)/ If sth bad happens

Example: "instructions about what to do in case of fire"

 In the event of: If sth happens: Example: "this will reduce the chance of serious injury in
the event of an accident"/ In the event of a strike, the army will take over responsibility
for firefighting.

 Memorise: to learn something so that you will remember it exactly:

Example: When I was at school, we were required to memorize a poem every week.

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 Remember: to be able to bring back a piece of information into your mind, or to keep a piece
of information in your memory: Example: "Where did you park the car?" "I can't remember."

 Remind: to make someone think of something they have forgotten or might have forgotten:
Example: Could you remind Paul about dinner on Saturday?

 Unique: being the only existing one of its type or, more generally, unusual, or special in some
way: Example: Each person's genetic code is unique except in the case of identical twins

 Single: [ before noun ] one only:

Example: He knocked his opponent down with a single blow.

 Rare: not common; very unusual:

Example: a rare disease/species

 Combine: to (cause to) exist together, or join together to make a single thing or group:
Example: None of us has much money so let's combine what we've got.

 Connect: to join or be joined with something else:

Can I connect my printer to your computer?
Where does the stove connect (up) to the electricity?

 Match: If two colours, designs, or objects match, they are similar or look attractive
together: Example: Do you think these two colours match?

Speaking/ Page: 61
 Time capsule: a container that is filled with objects considered to be typical of the present
period in history and then buried, so that it can be dug up and studied much later.

 Time machine: (especially in stories and films) a machine in which people can travel into the
past or the future
 Time traveler: someone who can move between different times in the past or the future

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 Alien: relating to creatures from another planet:
an alien spacecraft

 Futurist: someone who studies social, political, and technical developments to understand
what may happen in the future:
Example: Futurists see a time when shares of international corporations will be traded 24
hours a day in one electronic marketplace.

Reading/ Page: 62/ 63

 Robe: a long, loose piece of clothing worn especially on very formal occasions:
Example: Judges wear black robes when they are in court.

 Trance: a temporary mental condition in which someone is not completely conscious of

and/or not in control of himself or herself: Examples: When a hypnotist puts you in(to) a
trance, you no longer have conscious control of yourself. /He sat staring out of the window
as if in a trance.

 Gaze (n): a long look, usually of a particular kind: Example: an innocent/admiring gaze
(Lliterary) As I looked out, my gaze fell on a small child by the road.

 Clear one’s throat: cough slightly so as to speak more clearly, attract attention, or to
express hesitancy before saying something awkward.
Example: "he cleared his throat and spoke loudly"

 Play a joke on someone: to confuse someone or cause problem for them:

Examples: I thought I heard something - my ears must have been playing tricks on me.
/ Fate played a cruel trick on him when he was injured in his first game.

 Tell a joke: to say something said or done to provoke laughter or cause amusement.

 Tailor: someone whose job is to repair, make, and adjust (= make changes to) clothes,
especially someone who makes jackets, trousers, coats, etc. for men

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  Vest: a shirt without sleeves, usually made out of cotton, that is worn in the summer or for

sport:
Example: The cyclists were all dressed in tight lycra shorts and the official team team
vest.

 Capillotomist (very old word): barber/ a person who cuts men's hair and shaves or trims
beards as an occupation.
Example: "he had his hair cut at the local barber's"

 Beard:

 Echo:1) If a sound echoes or a place echoes with a sound, you hear the sound again because
you are in a large, empty space:
Example: The sound of footsteps echoed around the hall.
2) to repeat details that are similar to, and make you think of, something else:
Example: The design of the church echoes that of St. Paul's Cathedral.

 Sigh (v): 1) to breathe out slowly and noisily, expressing tiredness, sadness, pleasure, etc.:
Example: She sighed deeply and sat down.
2) If the wind sighs, it makes a long, soft sound as it moves through trees:
Example: I lay on my back, listening to the sound of the wind sighing in the trees.

Highlighted words:

 Tremble: to shake slightly, usually because you are cold, frightened, or very emotional:
Example: When he came out of the water, he was trembling with cold.

 Respond: to say or do something as a reaction to something that has been said or done:
[ + speech ] To every question, he responded "I don't know."

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 Comprehend: to understand something completely:
Example: I fail to comprehend their attitude.

 Resemble: to look like or be like someone or something:

Example: You resemble your mother very closely.

 Reflection: the image of something in a mirror or on any reflective surface:

In Greek mythology, Narcissus fell in love with his own reflection in a pool of water.

Writing/ Page: 64/ 65

 Lunar: of or relating to the moon:

Example: the lunar surface

 Colony: a group of people with a shared interest or job who live together in a way that is
separate from other people:
Example: an artists' colony

 Undergo: to experience something that is unpleasant or something that involves a change:

Example: She underwent an operation on a tumour in her left lung last year.

 Recreational: (a way of) enjoying yourself when you are not working:
Example: His favourite recreations are golf and playing Scrabble.