Hints On Boring in The Lathe

edge for the purpose of forming
BORING IN THE LATHE a recess.

Regarding rate of feed, many
breakages are due to the eagerness of
the worker, in his zest for the job
By “ Scotia ”
in hand, to overwork the tool.
One should always give the tool
time to cut; if it is decided to use
the lathe feed, a good plan is to
select a feed Just a little less than
of hesitancy is almost sure to dive
IcanNlathebethejob,
selection of tools for a
it is true to say that this
done by the experienced
point first into the side of the
material. Any tendency of the tool
one would be inclined to use when
hand-feeding the work. In this
way, a reasonable margin of safety
turner with the absolute minimum to evade cutting in the usual way is allowed for all contingencies, such
of trouble. This is a natural outcome will at one and the same time form a as tool breakage, work shifting in the
of knowing what type of tool to barrier opposing the leading edge chuck, etc.
look for, what it is capable of doing, of the tool, forcing the tool into In conclusion, it may be of interest
and a fair idea of how it will perform. disaster. The same conditions will to remark on the behaviour of a
However, it is only fair to say that arise when surfacing or sliding work boring tool which has become
such a tool as the writer has in mind in the lathe, when tools of similar (through old age or otherwise) rather
isn’t likely to be found in a turner’s faults are used. too small in the head, generally.
tool-chest. Let us say, rather, that The risk of using such tools is This type of tool, which quite often
it is more than probable that such a much increased when back-lash is may still have a strong “ neck ”
tool is “ born ” at the grindstone, present, as the shape of the tool to support it, has an unpleasant
being the result of inexperience. lends itself to taking the least line habit, when cutting hard materials,
It will be seen from the sketch, of resistance, and there is every of throwing metal cuttings up
Fig. 1, that the leading edge of the probability that it will charge the into the operator’s face without
boring tool, for such it is, has been work, with disastrous results. warning.
ground away at much too acute an All this may appear to be of a very In observations made during its
angle. Let it be said at this stage, elementary nature, especially to performance, this phenomenon may
Fig. lA. An incorrectly ground Fig. 1B. Showing the insecurity of its
boring tool performance
that we are concerned only with the those of us who are experienced in be explained by the fact that the
profile of the tool as seen in the lathe-work, but one must never lose tool, being small in the head,
plan view sketch, and it may be sight of the fact, that there is a appears to dip in a series of tiny
assumed that the necessary rake and first time for everything in lathe- movements, while at the same time
clearances are correct, otherwise. work, and indeed a first time for removing chips from the bore. The
To use such a tool on anything everyone. " neck " or body of the tool is
other than the lightest of cuts is The sketch, Fig. 2, shows a boring constantly reverting to its original
asking for trouble. Let us assume tool of correct shape in use. It position. and the net result is that
that a cut of say 1/16in. a side is being will be noted that the trailing edge the chips are catapulted upwards in a
made with this tool in use. The fact of the tool has a distinct clearance most disconcerting manner.
that there may be no back-lash from the work. There is a tendency This is much in evidence when a
present in the lathe-saddle is no among those of little experience, fairly large hole is in course of
guarantee that the tool will perform to have little or no clearance on the being tooled out, and consideration
correctly. There is every chance that trailing edge of a boring tool, result- should be given to replacing such a
during the course of the cut, the ing in much squealing and oscilla- tool at the earliest moment, either
leading edge of the tool may become tion. by the use of a boring bar and
dull, and in the increased resistance In this connection, the tool used tool-bit, or another boring tool
set up towards the cutting of the for boring should be distinct from of heavier duty, if only for the pur-
material, it will almost certainly the recessing type of tool, as the pose of workmg in safety and com-
hesitate, and following that moment latter has a straight or square fort.
, 1
I
2
N O T E T H E TRAILING E D G E
WELL CLEAR OF THE BORE
Fig. 3. Recessing tool-To use this for
Fig. 2. Correctly ground boring tool boring, it should be set slightly askew
503

Hints On Boring in The Lathe

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edge for the purpose of forming

BORING IN THE LATHE a recess.

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