de enbisy mats. wie the forces ace et rm a a caput me ee ship gives way to: a rf cent i 3 Peay hear 1 crore ome iy nl sto teE ct Ay Idd sere poop ie Weed ore oa ‘om a The conga a thee gen Py ct (oat “- faa ce sn on ern ter A, 9 on ms ‘co (cy oem (PL force veetor ~ Pe eae won P= larry cess tengo ime a eer ees 5 ees Fete ra re en tan ree sm ess coe ene Trae rom the above dculon ht he ext andes ewer dese, This is proved in the nest satin. “ ‘a © 12, RELATION BETWEEN FLEXIBILITY AND STIFFNESS MATRICES Coir basie equations of fei and ifs approaches,sng Bae 2 a 7) £2 mur 4 insur a ny nie rig, | gee a tn a Cece peaignice mite oe ssa tie as Ee 2 masnary coum SThacpet tg ty (an ugar pe oe ee ntact sth ote eee a cy tea a ses ent ester remem ean be ceo he eda fe Petey ecto can be tira aa pene cred out wang Bort re aon syste APPROACH Syndr trucos canbe, wal ‘el "As 0 second example ithe Meiblty covfficlent representing Shae Fe ey cine mermntng dca ng eer 44 FLEXIBILITY MATRICES ARE SYMMETRICAL Consider the external work done equation expressed in me (er ™ sen ; slams ts «5%, een (ey “4s1 Development of Equations wuz (Slerin ue Crs the two-span continuous beam shown in Fi i 42th a at Sn, ete Sem o2 Wham yA ea Me igure 42 shows wo aicent spane AB ane Of continuous beam with an, Bop the c= [Eorin Seis tone fa! r= eer yr IG. 42 Twospn coins bamWe Oi celine ematmtt Foe eects bed Ses fe oN ce wn (cn iw eg once etesics ot mene cone tee ae ce inecapagsni storeys imag, |" — es tt “ue “ 1 stove propped caterer bam eh n feet stement 3 suppor be the oition a A, say hckwise at [be he store supp B and > 8, usne displacement between A and 8 B85, Fe moment tA and B= 61/2 e. prams are clockwise 8, > 8, Tae 2 cana® ce FG. AS Uinta a2 Using the priipe of soperposton the condition of compatibility at joints Ban ean be expres a bth amici indice nF 4. omens te due to aie dae FIG. 47- team with dae dame the specs a BAH ROAR Due othe rotation at A the fixed end moments developed at A ae B wl be {B)/! and 2£10,/1 The nature of moments at A and Bare bah clekwise as shown, teas(co ed ct fy errs mtd er oanaly Serra rece wilt ea (Cal eral mu a ut wrens! re Saleen BC ar stow nig 40 The clan rv igh fame the sports ae eas in pine trae te acs ere the ‘onthe neal and eral reduce pb AE FOR CALCULATING ROTATIONS IN ivy were team et sadn dingy e“pce St gu eh cl ne a me tan the nent as mi, : pis ii Pe ise BBS a tm sa = (neo($)r = was at Se cass (6 Simpy vpported beam with eccntle concentrated load ung the moment area method = 7 “e698 swine” 1.28 Simply sped bum with set cosets! oa! nd Using the moment rea metho: ES “ = (2)( tb) Sint, “oles y= [i sien | eae | Similary,cern a ny Sree nang mt Tees Site tom pr : ae ae 4 a Eee ieee Dats ort oe ei ct aly $V Dare Soon prepares coe aera, ey Goce nc iin nsd F ||First Method: Releasing the moment M, || Ahe propped canilever beam becomes a simply supported beam by remaining iy | at A Figure 416 shows the released structre settee Svat en scgreeeh Rs ct pct vse. The valu of rec, esse or won ae sea of MEI ofthe above dagrats« entoka tance from 8 = area of BMD » BG, + ares of BMD » Ba, = 1c tase x height a = 3% base x height BG, + 2 tse a 8G, = 14920/E1 2 x0x 60x44? oan ox Bsn aece wom tye sy lf ed ee i aan as show he eae ag ett aga oo eens nd veut VE we era or rae a a ~1840/E1-+ @/3E0M, te @0iNm The asumed detion i coret and the bending moment is hogging knowing 8 Walue of M, the other reactions V, and V, are found out using equilibrium equa Referring 10 Fig. 4.11 0 IG. 429 MD for eth dn hau sreeaman nthe chek decton ano ener ig ara a2 - 508) ~ 0 ee ee “es E+ BIEDY. og nc Yo yy 50 = 560-1608 5360/1 ety Coon ee erecey oe ony one Heit out TU A an “pp i the zon oY, i ansaid: Releasing the Ver Reon Y, Jered MTT 3 ctr beam wi he eel of spon eel ARACEAE, aH 4 Parry) 2 Inti method, the redundant chosen, Hence, the dfn 3B equ. Sox te slope at A is zoro, the tangent at Ais hasizonal an Bis the tangent is feison at B and can be obtained by using the moment area method. FG, 421 Unit force at and BMDrm ec ee Sin ote ey, ieee) Meaney A Be a can sme le Sern MOO 20 09a Geen) es Cacti getty uc 2B rosin. 4 Ain Ee cs ae sig, | BE Bree cated rte main Faye ay = eno tim lo ey 3 By f= 88° = Momento te BMD beeen A and B about 3/1 (aay 000m 1G. 425. Shar ced ending mone gn si, Pl ee ea A showmin Ay ee H, +4,¥,=0 pee = 4 Substtting the obi values in the above equation Tate =s38/E1+ 612/38, = 0 Gas (a ‘ime The fixed beam is slatically indeterminate to the second degree Ry and p pee) Uae taken as redundants and the beam is tele a caever beam ith feerlunants = then as upwards (pote) and Min ke ction Date, The diplcenens are armed postive ey se ang din Stereiandants” a - : || The mactions V, and M, are found using equilibrium equations as mve0 iag ted ei <(6)-(@)) ie [== -ee7et) or he nui sgn dan ih vent dowwardiplacemen y "sponte = apne int citi of FB OS =r /6et = BNSF /OET= PAVE “The dope pie othe rottion at Bs clckvse with PE oh lity Coefcents ‘A nit ad appli vray pears at B hen Fertil displacement at B due to unit vertical load at 5 Lo fit iG 428 Union ot 8 ‘c= Rotation at 8 due to unit load at B fy P/SEL= 8 /3E1= 7087/21 f= FREI = 8/261 =-32/E1 fen Bente for Er = HE = yer 1 Hen de oct ™ = on Pty sf} a fener re ‘lem wee 8 9 spate i mw Came v0 su cB ae srl am] agility Equation rte dfectionatB i 0; BhR theo B+ fake 0 (80) +t =0 1R)-1F-10)| eee | 1648 ng mt apn Bir pieme wine ck ‘Bzample 43. Araye the continuous bea shove in Fg 432 bythe flexi omg, By | Drm the shear force and bending moment digram era lads re ea he dco ara Pa eel” eet a S00KN 30kNim \ we) | we] Pee ts sy= food) ft wed = ao om No M a 1 7 1 _ ng] 9 0x0) Ls Bo Soe,” PaAEL El) IG 432 Consus beam with econ componentforse fp Weta” 8/3 Ee tenn 3) BE NE ag? pa a= Yset= 208! o> Wt + H/Mhe “18/3 * 18/3 ie fr 8 rata be entered tat te ety cooicents ate i BF (SED fg, ri et ppd ond (/ SE or he be SP hen ET ot apd ing te Bs. 20 & 20 rs ae se Yor Goss sot eet Yo= T8S04N Snes ai + / 3808, + G/3EDR ssa + /SEDR, + Q/SEDR, = 0 q : na (@RY/EN+ Q/SEDR, + 10/3ENR, = 0 " [aa ola -Matopyng he Ex 0) an) by 3 | wi 90+, + 28, q fa 1m10+28, +108, “Act mamentt 2 peise i” GT! Yn C = FG 441 nanan tr moment MB) old tractive The released stracture consis of two simply oad a shown in Fig. 442 supported beams with the same ete sa (wh = re) Me = mse e cin», iy onto 3 ag cn ccm» fe a ee 4© Zye0 ye va mM,-0 10@) +10 6, = Wy 254 yasiN zve0 Yat Ver Deo =10- 108) +6 #667 WN yeas 444 Pct su ry Se enc am se raps meiuniot R Geral moment a, Le, cont "he metnent at Ci taken st Ry an is spin some nese ag Rand is Spin same aging aay che, | ne 4 i AG. 447 Rodanvad rae deen 9B and C a a, B+ ih ha=0 gt Bical a9 follows. A uit ROMER apd gp BGR feo he sey cote ‘efolows. & TES erate ot Bad C0 aig te values of delornaton at Band C(t BL) and te Bexdy et ( fr Jo) he roan Ran ave computa 68/21 + C/SENR, + @/SENR,=0 ° ri 16/T + Q/SEMR, + @/3EDR,=0 @ Z fing the above equations and resranging TR, + 28, 6489 ° 28, +4R,= 4800 © fermion ue nt sgn moment a2 Jo=6/3EN + (6/3) = 7/91 ZO + 30m ashing:te a py ann on a iS mers engi? a ot ee : san ae ee po mee wee Mas 2709)- Annes ee ic _ e = ee ayy <8 ce aN Peat Ven ee e 1NG.459 neutrg sac dion 46, Arays the continuous be art Ne bonding momen dag Sener Here he scons ae ee aes am sown in Fig 454 Sadat A, Amlse 2m sig Hexbity mac meta. Ree ameralcheck (TU, one 0) ‘Eupwant recon: = E downward lds clon sow pom «PF Were Kat 6x9) i tn bees) 27+ 8a + 15 «34 4 t ee] sine Th reaction components of the above bem ae My VV and Ve Ty fen our unknowns and the euilrism equation ate two enc, the degree okmee font se ee ft agg = 99/41 ~ 2035/61 Big 21) etertabeks) > (Sth H+ FoR, + £8, 0) A sting te vali 21333/E1 + @/SEDR,+ (Seng, « 50022) + /SENR, + C/3ENR,= 9 a sshing the above - { Unit moment wt iil coticiens at A, vz, f 2 fi ae calculated as fellowswee ye YI) <6 ) oss 886 8 10/2 = 0 1232S ye msin Ero my-0 4886 +240) ya2821N 1-28 1.39 eng men igroe constant, rar the bending ment gram Pas” ee oD get 4 D Ff Imple 47 Analyse the continuous beam by the flexibility matrix mei (uly 208, vy raters With he er ass ow ty ty pe Res =etg mee putas at A a 8 "aya 3198 (asa as 62 a fa POR eee: serpton a2 de © unl 9EEING moment 2 fa spa 4/3. = 91381 Jeeta 21d 9 8 SEINE MoT 2 fps 68! Compa Egon: ‘Asthere fami 34 1, +68 *hR.-? H,tLRVfR=0 Suiting the comping alles (GEN + G/SENR, + G/6EDR,- 0 (110/89 + 6/6EDR, + (9/3EDR, = 0 ant mame Sint aot an Bae zs the compatiblity equations ro eg men a 852271900) 54,00 Va = 8545 = pv-0 EM,=0 i 273+ 400) <4 voenaey V2 2681 ening moment values My =345 18m My= -245 + 3150) «285 KN, M,* -272 48m M,= 1320) = 264 Wim M=0e ae Bee eee ea cs eee eee eee aa, Feo ene ae, Fie mss St Poco aay, 38) _ 76 3 = Zain BERD B= Oy * Buoy | S08, 26 Dee wey 3c) q.- - ) - we i, = 26/61 + 19.5/81 = 30923/E1 -oficets Jo 9/3E() = 4/381 ‘fg = 8/6E(2) = 2/381 —_ . 938/81 ren Geen = fone) antl nee eg saat ae nae es Bee aoa retrace en ee = 8 Cs mim respectively with f= Cale alt acct yen D & .@ % Neo, ‘The number of unknowr , 7 ashen scala eseree Saeco peace gn $end deine by eign ace ee ee a set at B and C, vz, M and Me Se en dundants: ant a econ 5, ct¢ wisn I ae G02 Fd en ees do sinking of sports aC a, The net moment at D is ctsined by referring t the above diagram, ie, 121-M = 1008 kN clocks at D. a Fd nt monet in sing FRO a nC an fot HG. ple x28 xm + 00x 16/3 «9/3 * 6 Afoy 6 AE 81 po sy «2E9 + GO* (6 281] 0 Ses 2en sr « 9/0 «2E9 + 2667» 9/(60 28, 5 5330/98]oP SE 6/6 ya , tt fy~ UE BEI pe dehy cent ot 12.23 au, Waxy, Tete fa chora ni #74 an Hviy 4 py equations staid om Ta 0 ames ree ste i a ae vie a 5 +589 ig Betas) ee os Bees prety 0a wok ape ae eis tented at ning et ent ila 810 * 220 = 3/381 ie ‘ fo A/SENBA = 8/6280 = 2/91 Pie 3 “fst pn BC a CD ot ated) emptying en A 991i =n ct the sear force ages cata sign ote ano Sng tt moment at 8 “ and being ert diam a en ‘atv inns at 8 appli and te ety coocints are calcu ms 9 19 perme 2) Ce 3 ey We taal 16.475 Ul none 83 6A Se apaeee pee a rane wih He el he mee, et teen BE a ose Indeterminate 6 the song i 24 repectvely, They are denoted as Rang ea Mente type ie ‘mt monet opted he mee fe Ric He oge2 HME _ aN the ined moments are = °, Doc sete at sopport B, -25kNmU 125/t1 1, = 1m5/e1 +90125/81 [=z] axe >Teast Bening erent gram ample 431. Anas he con ‘rel rw ie ha oe ae eo 104N'm a [ae Ds c=), tinuous beam shown In ig. 482 by g ening moment diagrams” May hoo al f= 6\6* 1) iG 42. Solution: The beam is sitll indeterminate to the third degree. The rns Iamoved are My M, and M They are designated as Ry, R, and R, 150)oe nditions, att en the shear fo and eng me contents en fe 4981+ 60, fa 6/8600 = yas fo 6/680 =/2e1 -738 1a Ja S130 + /3et«7/38, S = | palsy equations 3178 73.BMD 263 By tERehaeo » nou BAR hRo0 a ating the vales obtained, ample 412 Amiye the condnucus beam shown in Fig. 88 by the fea, J SE sneha. Doe BND, (O10 jah a 45/81 + @/3EDR, + Q/2ENR,= 0 ° 1088 145/E1 + Q/2ENR, + G/SENR,= 0 oy tes ee on olvng, we get R= -625 m= M, Ry=-608 WN = Mcose inca Cu Sve by gp mecca fan tem cy one EO ina oe eer 7 ® Jong oe tne amy eter af Sebi = Song ie lt of ekg PET car omer int in loadsa 4 Sng omer Bd Cw ceed ie Heo, ns Pres do as he aon Tad ca et wate ' 1492 dnd ements et Seki support at (iene 4” Te ~ 3 * GFE = 200 _ 80) 1800) 16QEN ~ 30)“ 6/RH Se 13500) | 135 T6GEN ” 39ED) * 6/Gy = 975/81 espe = ag, =-120y (22)/20" = 20m oe Baya ey teas ET mst ee Priel Cea (Ot) 08/0) = 7/8 Tas ntoe tee =05et = ss2s EB me EP ogre ser noves ee ee er] foo gen * 3am 77" fer gig for gol! ope Beet = A aS Sze fn tt ca comp whe oon we 8 9 +k. = 0 ‘ste, 877K 0 eyes @7/EDR, * O36/EDR.= 0 sl OS/EDE, * GA/EDR, = 0 Saving th stove gam, -B EN Bem -KNn Support moment, =32 ENO. Support moment M.= 24 AN ‘ample 4.14 Amipe the cotinsous beam shown in Fg. 496 by fe AG. 497 Reon ae tetera aisear foes dagan a Ah Sag roations a A, Band C due i i © exera ads and means ate alt an 08m a an eed ve, i they are in the same ee ove breon ofthe redundant tA, Band © 38 eee ae rol] = 04 = [Moment ofthe BMD between A and B about BY span El i a \ 2 ee ; 4.-[-[}evemesors.ys(2)suo (2) er 1G. 456 ‘They otras bam wth the reaction components RS —— —“ ony ere Boden, a cw gl A cgnai-D =~ 00 9/5 ee mor Rego twee BC spa so bern Cah D abot Diapes p*20*05 = aye0,, Be guse nee 15 7 6/6 pap 5" Ee Ficacaw nt 1/6152 (3 "6200094, ese cotiiens tics 1,2 and 38 roid. 4 sv tec a bering EN Be Dome e MONE gure 458 ges the ee oe pty 8.3 Bei, i a az iy aly coeicientsaTe oad oy (8 a, pon, 1 =2/21 a ns ccactn 1 hm volta be oo ttn 2 satan 2 Sate ot] eye ca? pe Fete) Ve ae ee fo ™ (/6EN qe = 6/61 EL pis fy USED ge = 6/(6EN) = 1/EL a Sa= (/3EDcy + (U/SED cn = 10/3EL gaa Bo: "‘cen Beng moe rn JSS "sagan 7 Mag age sa 0 ee ' ee in Te | ga eco £ - ie er =f am : en Fig 43 Ree rt ag 7 ecipenachoac BOF tau air ola > ly TORN ° 6 BET san : a ae co 2a IG. 4104 FAD othe ees structureRe warm seve en PS cers! Iowa rewpestvel ving eo ee EO, + Oa; En, «6 en ae foraoara—o0e/e = [inlet 8 ag fleet + een 20-2 fF «+ fue spaya2e/ ac & : 6,40) ot ee on Irom ft he = 68/381 censor san AB fe ave, f for fo fms 31=]{020H/ Ele» 96/81 mani fe/', + Jlea ~ 34 + flozaray, «721 Compatity es. n terms of placements B14 f= 0 H1hR +L" 0 275-0. (i, = 2505oe ee leer ton ea ome rd SL, are the horizon eer Which atl pian Se sve a Spc ods They are compu sek Stet and tation we POE, pecttiPes see FN souebism » § ee ‘0 - aay waar the heTaaamen ha ety sae fan a ncaa ear te il dco int Se ss dpmen wre deed sng ng ty [AGH = ent pine 8 ont ye a 4 = bending moment at any point due t0 external load my being moment at any pont duet uit hoxzona yg f= Boca rigity ofthe member a fe m= Beng moment at any point dve to un vera lod at, ES a [ae my = Bending moment at any point due to unit moment.437, Asi he np pane en pt ed on in OS nn gine. eae age ME 8 ee RHA ThE BER Rt hR =O BR, hi *faR,= 0 er f 70 108,+ C8104 | oes te tgs ae =m EN + OED «zany cy | tere al sy anna el as as/e1+ 45/208 *-2/EDR, + 6/enn oy | See kde sean fee eed npn ee I ‘Simplifying the above Soa i om, +78, 458, = 285.6 : ee eee per af “45K, «7K, + 6R, = 23625 Ie, aa tap ere a ake Vent eieren eres 4 13 A R=V, = 970 N (1) & cary in cin ee | Being the foe body digram and equilibrium equations the final BMD is dawn Fig 4116 RedundantsPp 121 nt ney ing mone eo em wth ag fy tye ake ne fowing Tae so 0 a 91 Deo 60¢ J 10 ms om] 4 I 0 IG. 4122 FBO for uit horizontal oad at D‘represents the BM inthe members due to extemal Poca mel Be arco mn ee Irie my my nd my eP moment pete Fa = fats = Horizon dsplaemet at D due ete a, [fee comrel], + fers = 2% - 9-0), + fase ~ anys = 3) ~ 20(¢ — 9-818 /2E1], + + few - sone, = | +]: aay, =a = Jom an a, ~ Tie ee para e i (480 ~ ame <9) - age = Dvaéepen,, + feos aunty [ore ye eit confers ae bane om the fotowing ears pe Inneltta]f- a8) 2] ene say fools Iromtret= | ot, at any ony forfee mate Et= ent) 2 ode «rae ants E1= | ase), 2Foran Jomrann serena pajamas 2 feet nena rent te compa Berane BHR IRs SB 79 BR a * fa = 0 suhag te computed ae "aa G1/EDR,~ (832/208, = C2/ENR, = 9 Tiam/it (52/8, + (S2/EDR, + 006), paras — 260K, * 008/20, + 08/EDR, =o ssn re at 668.57, 10 Ath! Sa | ea | E pal aias |p ices sae aga as tos Git FIG 4125. Fee Boy gram2 ©. 2 WY; 0 4 no. dom The fame inteally refundant by one degree, Member AD i, Cone oon amyal of member AD makes the frame statically determinate Weatepccnent inthe dion AD is determined sing uit load math en Base, Pate fen as poe and compression is faen as negative. | pe 41, $8in 0-1 sin t5 = 0 i 1g" 0816uplasement nd Ress cot ajar compe uring th tor sot ber Ye Gage ured ord Peri iee Mee eran {EE coronene a, +4R=0 1194/AE + (1596/AE)R = 0 075 KN (compressive) Reed rte mg wth ke sa. ft ; fantom) oh eng) nb dprm rehown nA2y y Pte en he ror “baS ea Lo), Ves yeseegn om aa pence Ei Ee cor mn 5 Nam ately gt kt, AS ata Setter an ee anne (9 ed aa ot a io SITS Tea ee eg ee 9 ns Sad ey etd erm am 1a Stn 8 gy, hia sone mere re erm am ihe the cde ca at gs Rint eal tae a a, ‘a tet coin pe SP ee ehL cae moment (9 ea toting an ee Sheaptbrebrmetacs 2 steal determine ac scaly increta (femal cee Mai the reason bees fg H+ hR=0 sins +sa7e=0 41 What are the other names of leiblity method? 42. What arth kre oe determi ne Hey may 45, Rotations and displacements are taken as unknowns inthe fx Is the statement true? : 4 art 44 Redundant reaction or internal force i taken 8s unknowns in the gy th eae iy [te What the unit for angua ay 445, Define Neiby cootcient {2 Lat she names of the ceticune st 46. Wate dwn th Neb coticen fora cantilever beam subjected ous | ylentanding, at he fice end 7 47. Whats compat condition? 48, What estate indeterminacy? 49. Name the ype of indeterminacy considered in the Hexiilty method 410. What isthe advantage of flexibility coefficients? 411, What is primary stracture/releae stracture? Give an example 4, Compute the sac netic te loving se