Important Question for Class 12

Mathematics
Chapter 9 - Differential Equations

Very Short Answer Type Questions 1 Mark

1. Write the order and degree of the following differential equations.

dy
(1)  cos y  0.
dx

dy
Ans:  cos y  0
dx

y  cos x  0

Highest order of derivative  1

 Order  1

Degree = Power of y 

Degree  1

dy d2y
(ii) ( )2  3 4
dx dx 2

Ans:

dy 2 d2y
( ) 3 2  4
dx dx

Highest order of derivative = 2

Order = 2

Degree = Power of y
Degree = 1

4 y 2 y 5
(iii)  sin x  ( ).
x 4 x 2

Ans:

4 y 2 y 5
 sin x  ( )
x 4 x 2

Highest order of derivative = 4

Order = 4

Degree = Power of y

Degree = 1

5 y dy
(iv)  log( )  0
x 5
dx

Ans:

5 y dy
 log( )  0
x 5
dx

Highest order of derivative = 5

Order = 5

Degree = Power of y

Degree = not defined

dy 2 y 1
(v) 1   ( 2 )3
dx x

Ans:

dy 2 y 1
1  ( 2 )3
dx x
Highest order of derivative = 2

Order = 2

Degree = Power of y

Degree = 2

dy 3
2 y
(vi) [1  ( )2 ]2  k
dx x 2

Ans:

dy 2 32 2 y
[1  ( ) ]  k 2
dx x

Squaring on both sides

dy 2 3 2 y
[1  ( ) ]  (k 2 )2
dx x

Highest order of derivative = 2

Order = 2

Degree = Power of y

Degree = 2

3 y 2  2 y 3
(vii) ( )  ( 2 )  sin x
x3 x

Ans:

3 y 2  2 y 3
( )  ( 2 )  sin x
x3 x

Highest order of derivative = 3

Order = 3
Degree = Power of y

Degree = 2

dy dy
(viii)  tan( )  0
dx dx

Ans:

dy dy
 tan( )  0
dx dx

Highest order of derivative = 1

Order = 1

Degree = Power of y

Degree = Not defined

2. Write the general solution of following differential equations

dy 2
(i)  x5  x 2 
dx x

Ans:

dy 2
 x5  x 2 
dx x

Integrating on both side

dy 2
 dx dx   x dx   x dx   xdx
5 2

x 6 x3
y   2log | x | c
6 3

(ii) (e x  e x )dy  (e x  e x )dx

Ans:

e x
  
 e  x dy  e x  e  x dx  0

e x
 e x  dy   e  e  dx  0
x x

e x
 e x  dy   e  e  dx
x x

dy e x  e  x
 dx
dx e x  e  x
e x  e x
dy  x  x dx
e e

Integrating both sides.

e x  e x
dy   e x  e x
dx

e x  e x
y dx
e x  e x
t  e x  e x
dt
dx

 e x  e x 
dt
dx  x  x
e e

Putting value of t and dt in (1)

e x  e x dt
dy   t e x  e x
.

dt
dy   t
y  log | t | c

Putting back t  e x  e x


y  log e x  e x  C 
dy
(iii)  x3  e x  x e
dx
Ans:

dy
 x3  e x  x e
dx

dy  ( x3  e x  xe )dx

Integrating on both sides

 dy   ( x  e x  xe )dx
3

x4
y  e x   x e dx
4

x4 x e1
y  ex  c
4 e 1

dy
(iv)  5x  y
dx

Ans:

dy
 5x  y
dx

dy
 5x.5 y
dx

1
y
dy  5x dx
5

Integrating on Both sides

1
5 y
dy   5x dx

5 y  5 x  c
5 x  5 y  c

dy 1  cos 2 x
(v) 
dx 1  cos 2 y
Ans:

dy 1  cos 2 x

dx 1  cos 2 y

We know that

cos 2 x  2cos2 x 1

x
Putting x 
2

2x x
cos  2 cos 2  1
2 2
x
cos x  2 cos 2  1
2
x
1  cos x  2 cos 2
2

We know

cos 2 x  1  2sin 2 x

x
Putting x 
2

2x x
cos 2  1  2sin 2
2 2
x
cos x  1  2sin 2
2
x
1  cos x  2sin 2
2

dy 1  (1  2sin 2 x)

dx 1  1  2sin 2 y
dy sin 2 x

dx (1  sin 2 y )
(1  sin 2 y )dy  sin 2 xdx
Integrating on both sides

 (1  sin y )dy   sin 2 xdx

2

y sin 2 y x sin 2 x
y    c
2 4 2 4
y sin 2 y x sin 2 x
   c
2 4 2 4

By equating

2 y  sin 2 y  2 x  sin 2 y  c

2 y  2 x  sin 2 y  sin 2 x  c
2( y  x)  sin 2 y  sin 2 x  c

dy 1  2 y
(vi) 
dx 3x  1

Ans:

dy 1  2 y

dx 3x  1

1 1
( )dy  ( )dx
1 2 y 3x  1

Integrating on both sides

1 1
 (1  2 y )dy   ( 3x  1)dx
1 1
 log(1  2 y )  log(3x  1)
2 3
2 log(3x  1)  3log(1  2 y )  c

3. Write integrating factor of the following differential equations.

 dy
(I)  y  cos x  sin x
dx

Ans:

dy
 y  cos x  sin x
dx

dy
dy / dx  y  cos x  sin x is a linear differential equation of the type  py  Q
dx

Here I .F .  e
1.dx
 ex

Its solution is given by  ye x   e x (cos x  sin x)dx

 ye x   e x cos xdx   e x sin xdx

Integrate by parts  ye x  e x cos x    sin xe x dx   e x sin dx

 ye x  e x cos x  C

 y  cos x  Ce x

dy
(II)  y sec2 x  sec x  tan x
dx

Ans:

dy
 y sec2 x  sec x  tan x
dx

dy
 Py  Q .
dx

 dy  
e  dx  y sec x  dx   e  tan x sec x
tan x tan x

yetan x   etan x  tan x sec1 xdx 

I   etan x tan x sec1 x  dx

t  tan x

dt  sec2 udn

1
I
et tdt

  et t   et dt

tar xet tan x  et  etan x  c

yetan x  tan x  etan x  etan x  C

dy
(III) x  y log x  x  y
dx

Ans:

dy y  y 
 log  1
dx x  x 
y  Vx
dV dx
 V log V   x
log V  xc
y
 ecx  y  xecx
x

dy
(IV) x  3 y  x3
dx

Ans:

dy
x  3 y  x2
dx
 dy
x  3 y  x2
dx
dy 3
 yx
dx x

y.I .F   I .F  (n)  dx

3
p ( n)  ; ( x)  x
x
3
 x dy
I .F.  e
 e3ln x
 (e)ln 
3

 x3

y  x3   x 3  x  dx
x5
y  x3 c
5
x2 c
y  3
s x

dy
(V)  y tan x  sec x
dx

Ans:

dy
We have,  y tan x  sec x
dx

which is a linear differential equation Here, P  tan x, Q  sec x ,

 I.F.  e
tanxdx
 elogsec x  sec x

 The general solution is

y sec x   secx  sec x  C

 y sec x   sec2 xdx  C

 y sec x  tan x  C

4. Write order of the differential equation of the family of following curves

(I) y  Ae x  Be xc

Ans:

y  Ae x  Be x c

y  e x ( A  Bec )
 Re x

dy
 Ae x  Be x  c
dx
dy
y
dx

Therefore, order is 1.

(II) Ay  Bx2

Ans:

Ay  Bx 2

Differentiating wrt x

dy
A  B(2 x)
dx
dy 2 Bx

dx A

Therefore, order is 1.

(III)  x – a    y – b   9
2 2
Ans:

x – a  y – b  9
2 2

Differentiate w.r.t x

d d
 x – a   y – b  9
2 2

dx dx

d d
2( x  a) ( x  a)  2( y  b) ( y  b)  0
dx dx
dy dy
2( x  a)(  0)  2( y  b)(  0)  0
dx dx
dy
( x  a )  ( y  b)  0
dx
dy
( x  a )  ( y  b)
dx

dy xa

dx ( y  b)

d d dy
( x  a )  [(b  y ) ]
dx dx dx
2
dx d d y dy d
 (a)  (b  y ) 2  [ (b  y )]
dx dx dx dx dx
2
d y dy dy
1  0  (b  y ) 2  ( )
dx dx dx
2
d y dy
1  (b  y ) 2  ( ) 2
dx dx

Hence, the order is 2.

(IV) Ax  By 2  Bx2 – Ay

Ans:

Ax  By 2  Bx 2 – Ay
Ax  By 2  Bx 2  Ay
Ax  Ay  Bx 2  By 2

A( x  y )  B x 2  y 2 
A( x  y )  B( x  y )( x  y )
A  B( x  y )

A
 x y
B
A
yx
B

Differentiate w.r.t x

dy A dy dy
( ) y x
dx B dx dx

Therefore, the order is 1.

x2 y 2
(V)  0
a 2 b2

Ans:

x2 y 2
 0
a 2 b2
x2 y 2

a 2 b2
a2 2
x  2 y
2

b
a
x y
b

a a
x y  yx
b b
a dy a dy
1  1
b dx b dx
dy b dy b
 
dx a dx a
Therefore, the order is 1.

(VI) y  a cos  x  b 

Ans:

Given y  acos  x  b 

Differentiating it w.r.t x
dx
 asin  x  b 
dy

Therefore, the order is 1.

(VII) y  a  be xc

Ans:

y  a  be xc

y  a  be x  c  be x  c  y  a
dy
 be x  c (1)
dx
dy
 be x  c  y  a
dx
diff- wrt x
d 2 y dy 
 
dx 2 dx 

Hence, the order is 2.

1
5. (i) Show that y  emsin x is a solution of

1  x  ddxy  x dy
2
2
dx
m 2
y0
Ans:

Using the Chain Rule, we get,

 y1 
dy
dx
 1
 e m sin x   
d
dx
m sin 1 x 
 m 
 y 
 1  x 2 
 y1  1  x 2  my.
 
y12 1  x 2  m 2 y 2

W.r.t x, using the product and chain rule

d
y12 
dx
  
1  x2  1  x2 
d 2
dx
  
y1  m2
d 2
dx
 
y ,

  d
dx
d
 y12 (2 x)  1  x 2  2 y1    y1   m 2 (2 y )  ( y )
dx

 y12 (2 x)  1  x 2   2 y1  y2   m2 (2 y)  y1 

Dividing by 2 y1  0 , we get,

1  x  y
2
2  xy1  m2 y

Hence, the Proof.

(ii) Show that y  sin(sin x) is a solution of differential equation

d2y dy
2
 (tan x)  y cos 2 x  0
dx dx

Ans
y  sin  sin x 
dy / dx  cos  sinx  . cosx
and d 2 y / dx 2   sin  sinx  . cos 2 x  sinx cos  sinx 
LHS   sin  sinx  cos 2 x  sinx cos  sinx   sinx / cosx cos  sinx  cosx  sin  sinx  cos2 x
 0  RHS
y  sin( sinx)
 dy / dx  cosxcos ( sinx)
 d 2 y / dx 2  cosx * cosx * sin( sinx)  sinx * cos ( sinx)
 d 2 y / dx 2   ycos 2 x  ( sinx / cosx)dy / dx
 d 2 y / dx 2  tanx *(dy / dx)  ycos 2 x
0

B x2d 2 y dy
(III) Show that y  Ax  is a solution 2
x y0
x dx dx

Ans:

Here ‘a’ and ‘b’ are arbitrary

Given solution

y  ax   b / x  , x  0
y  ax   b / x  ... 1
xy  ax 2  b

Differentiate with respect to ‘x’

xy’  y . 1  a  2 x   2ax ...  2 

Differentiate again w.r.t ‘x’

xy”  y’ . 1  y  2a  xy”  2 y’  2a  3

Substitute (3) in (2)

xy’  y   xy”  2 y’ x
xy’  y  x 2 y ”  2 xy’
 x 2 y ”  xy’ – y
 0

Hence, Proved

(IV) Show that y  a cos(log x)  b sin(log x) is a solution of

d2y dy
x2 2
x y0
dx dx

Ans:

y  a cos(log x)  b sin(log x)

Differentiating w.r.t. x,

dy 1 1 d2y
 a sin(log x)   b cos(log x) 
dx x x dx 2
 1   1 
 cos(log x)  x  x  1 sin(log x)    sin(log x)  x  x  1 cos(log x) 
 a  b 
 x2   x2 
   

d2y
 x 2
 a cos(log x)  a sin(log x)  b sin(log x)  b cos(log x )
dx 2
d2y
 x 2 2  [a cos(log x)  b sin(log x)]  [a sin(log x)  b cos(log x)]
dx
dy
 y  x
dx
[ (1) and (2)]
d2y dy
 x2 2
x y0
dx dx

 
(V) Verify that y  log x  x 2  a 2 satisfies the differential equation:

a 2
 x2  ddxy  x dy
2
dx
0
Ans: Given

y  log x  x2  a2 
On differentiating with x, we get

dy 1  x 
  1 
dx x  x 2  a 2  x2  a2 

1

x  a2
2

On differentiating again with x , we get

d2y x
 3
dx 2
 x2  a2  2

d2y dy
Now let's see what is the value of 2
x
dx dx

x x
 3

x  x  a2
2
2
a 2 2

Conclusion: Therefore,


y  log x  x 2  a 2 

d2y dy
Is not the solution of 2
x 0
dx dx

(VI) Find the

differential equation of the family of curves
y  e ( A cos x  B sin x) , where A and B are arbitrary constants.
x

Ans:
y  e x  Acosx  Bsinx  ..... 1
  dy / dx   e x  – A sin x  B cosx    Acosx  Bsinx  ex
 dy / dx   e x  B – A  sin x   B  A  cos x 
 dy / dx   e x  A  B  cos x –  A – B  sin x  .....  2 
  d 2 y / dx 2   e x  A  B  cos x –  A – B  sin x   e x  –  A  B  sin x – A – B  cos x 
  d 2 y / dx 2   e x  2 B cos x – 2 A sin x 
 d 2 y / dx 2   2e x  B cos x – A sin x 
  d 2 y / dx 2   1/ 2   e x  B cos x – A sin x  ..... 3 
1   3 y  1/ 2  d 2 y / dx2   e x  A  B  cosx –  A – B  sinx 
 y  1/ 2  d 2 y / dx 2    dy / dx          2 
  d 2 y / dx 2  – 2  dy / dx   2 y  0
(vii) Find the differential equation of an ellipse with major and minor axes 2a
and 2b respectively.

Ans:

Equation of ellipse

x2 y 2
 1
a 2 b2

Differentiate w.r.t x

 d 2 y  dy  2 
2a  y 2      2b 2  0
2

 dx  dx  
 pb 2 b 2 y dy
2
d 2 y  dy 
y 2     2 
dx  dx  ka 2 a x dx
2
d 2 y  dy  y dy
y   
dx  dx 
2
x dx
2
dy  dy  dy
xy 2  x    y
dx  dx  dx

(viii) Form the differential equation representing the family of curves

y – b  4  x – a .
2
Ans:

The general equation of the given family of curves

( y  b)2  4( x  a)(i)

Differentiating (i) w.r.t.x, we get

dy
2( y  b)  4  ( y  b) y1  2 ...(ii)
dx

dy
Where  y1.
dx

Differentiating (i) w.e.t.x, we get

( y  b) y2   y1   0 (iii) ,
2

d2y
where  y2
dx 2

2
Putting ( y  b)  from (ii) in (iii),
y1

2 y2
  y1    y1   0  2 y2   y1   0
2 2 3
we get
y1

3
d 2 y  dy 
Hence, 2     0 is the required differential equation.
dx 2  dx 

6. Solve the following differential equations.

dy
(I)  y cot x  sin 2 x
dx

Ans:
dy
 y cot x  sin 2 x
dx

dy
Comparing equation (1) by  Py  Q P  cot x, Q  sin x
dx

I.F.  e
cotxdx


 I.F  elogsin x  sin x

dy
Multiplying equation (1) by sin x sin x  sin x  cot xy  sin 2 x
dx

dy
 sin x  cos xy  1  cos 2 x
dx

d
 (sin x  y )  1  cos 2 x
dx

d 
  dx (sin x  y) dx   1dx   cos xdx
2

1  cos 2 x
 y sin x  x   dx
2
1 1
 y sin x  x   dx   cos2 xdx
2 2
1 1 sin 2 x
 y sin x  x  x  C
2 2 2
1 1
 y sin x  x  sin 2 x  C
2 4

dy
(II) x  2 y  x 2 log x
dx

Ans:

dy
x  2 y  x 2 log x
dx

dy 2
  y  x log x
dx x
 dy 2
Comparing equation (1) by  Py  Q P  , Q  x log x
dx x
2
. I.F.  e x  e2log x  elog x  x 2
dx 2

dy 2
On comparing equation (1) by x 2 x 2  x 2  y  x3 log x
dx x

dy
 x2  2 xy  x3 log x
dx


d 2
dx
 
x y  x3 log x

Integrating both sides w.r.t. x

x 2 y   x3 log xdx  C
d 
 log x  x3dx    (log x)  x 3dx dx  C
 dx 

x4 1 x4
(Taking log x as first function)  log x    dx  C
4 x 4

x4 1
 log x   x3dx  C
4 4

x4 1 x4
 log x    C
4 4 4

1 4
 x2 y  x [4log x  1]  C
16

16 x2 y  4 x4 log x  x 4  C

dx 1 sin x
(III)  . y  cos x  ,x 0
dy x x

dx 1 sin x
Ans:  . y  cos x  ,x 0
dy x x
 1 sin x
P , Q  cos x 
x x
1
If  e   e  2  elog2 x  x
Pdx x

y ( If )   P  Ifdxy ( x)
 sin x 
   cos x  xdx
 2 
  cosxxdx   sin xdx

 n sin x   yx  x sin x  c

dy
(IV) cos3 x  cos x  sin x
dx

Ans:

dy
cos3 x  cos x  sin x
dx

Differentiate w.r.t y

dy y sin x
 
dx cos n cos3 x
2

dy sin x
 y  sec 2 x 
dx cos3 x

I  F   e
sec2 xdx
 e tan x
y  e tan x   et tan x tan x  sec2 xdx

  et  tdt
 et (t  1)  c
y  tan x  e tan x (tan x  1)  c

(V) ydx  ( x  y3 )dy  0

Ans:
The given differential equation is

ydx  ( x  y3 )dy  0

 y
dx
dy

 x  y3  0 
dx
 y  x  y3
dy

dx x
   y2
dy y

Which is a linear differential equation

dy
y
Thus, IF  e  elog y  y

Multiplying both sides of Eq. (i) by IF and integrating,

we get

x  (IF)   Q  (IF)dy  c

 x  y   y 3dy  c

y4
 c
4

which is the required solution.

(VI) ye y dx  ( y3  2 xe y )dy

Ans:

ye y dx  ( y3  2 xe y )dy

ye y dy dx  2  y2
 or,     x  ,
 
y 3  2 xe y dx dy  y  ey
which is linear in x .
2
 yf dy 1
I.F.  e  e2log y 
y2

Multiplying both sides by the I.F. and integrating, we get,

1
x 2
  e y dy
y

1
x 2
 e y  C or x   y 2e y  cy 2
y

1
When x  0, y  1.0  e1  cor c  .
e

Hence, the required particular solution is

y2
2 y
x  y e 
e

7. Solve each of the following differential equations:

dy dy
(I) y  x  2( y 2  )
dx dx

Ans:

dy dy
yx  2( y 2  )
dx dx

Given differential equation can be written as

 dy dy dx
( x  2)  y  2 y 2 or 
dx y (1  2 y ) x  2
dy dx
 y (1  2 y )

x2
1 2  dx
  y  1  2 y dy   x  2
 log | y |  log |1  ay |
 log | x  2 |  log C
y
 C ( x  2)
1 2 y
y  C ( x  2)(1  2 y )

(II) cos y dx  1  2e x  sin y dy  0.

Ans:

cos y dx  1  2e x  sin y dy  0.

dx  sin y
  1  2e x

cos y
dy

ex  sin y
  2  e x dx   cos y dy
 
 ln e x  2  ln | cos y |  ln C

 
 ln e x  2  ln | cos y | C

 e x  2  C cos y (1)
 e x  2  C cos y  e x  2  k cos y

x  0, y  in (1)
4

We get
 
1  2  kcos
4
k 3 2
 e x  2  3 2 cos y

Is the particular solution.

(III) x 1  y 2 dx  y 1  x2 dy  0

Ans:

x 1  y 2 dx  y 1  x 2 dy  0

It is given that

x 1  y 2 dx  y 1  x 2 dy  0

We can write it as

x y
dx  dy  0
1 x 2
1 y2

By integrating the given terms, we get

x y
 1  x2
dx  
1 y2
dy  c

Using the formula

d
dx
 1  x2   2x
2  1 x 2

x
1  x2

We get

1  x2  1  y 2  C

(IV) (1  x2 )(1  y 2 )dy  xydx  0

Ans:

(1  x 2 )(1  y 2 )dy  xydx  0

By simplifying the equation, we get

dy
xy   1  x2  y 2  x2 y 2
dx
 xy
dy
dx

  1  x2 1  y 2  

  1  x2  1  y  2

y 1  x2
 dy   dx
1 y2 x

Integrating both sides, we get

y 1  x2
 1 y2
dy   
x
dx

1  y 2  t  2 ydy  dt
1  x 2  m 2  2 xdx  2mdm  xdx  mdm
1 1 m
 (i)   dt    2  mdm
2 t m 1

1 t1/2 m2 m2  1  1
   2 dm  0  t   dm  0
2 1/ 2 m 1 m2  1
 1  1 m 1
 t   1  2 dm  0  t  m  log 0
 m 1  2 m 1

Now substituting this value of t and m , we get

1 1  y2 1
1  y 2  1  x 2  log C  0
2 1 y2 1

(V)  xy 2  x  dx   yx2  y  dy  0; y  0   1.

Ans:
 xy 2
 x  dx   yx 2
 y  dy  0

 xy +x  dx=-  x y+y  dy
2 2

x  y +1 dx=-y  x +1 dy

2 2

x -y 2x -2y
dx= dy= dx= dy
 x 2 +1  1+y 2
x 2 +1 
1+y 2 
Integrating both sides

2x 2y
 1 x 2
dx   
1 y2
dy

This is the integrals of the type

f  ( x)
 f ( x)
dx  log | f ( x) | c log x 2  1

  log y 2  1  log c log x 2  1  log y 2  1

 log c log x 2  1 y 2  1  log c
 c  x2  1 y 2  1

dy
(VI)  y sin 3 xcox 2 x  xe x
dx

Ans:

dy
 y sin 3 xcox 2 x  xe x
dx

dy
 sin 3 x  cos 2 x  x  e x  (1)
dx
 
dy   sin 3 x  cos 2 x  x  e x   dx  2

Taking the integral sign in both side of equation (2)

 d y   sin x  cos xdx   x  e x  dx  c
3 2

 sin x  cos xdx wt cos x  t

3 2

 sinx  sin x  cos xdx

2 2

 sinx 1  cos x   cos xdx

2 2

  1  t   t dt    t  t dt
2 2 2 4

 t3 t5 
   
3 5
 cos3 x cos5 t 
   
 3 s 
d 
 x  e dx  x  e dx   dx x   e dx  dx
x n x

 xe x   e x dx
 xe x  e x
 e x ( x  1)

From Equation (3)

 cos3 x cos5 x  n
y      e ( x  1)  C
 3 5 

(VII) sec2 x tan ydx  sec2 y tan xdy  0

Ans:

Given equation:

sec2 x tan ydx  sec2 y tan xdy  0

Dividing both sides by tan y tan x

sec 2 x tan ydx  sec 2 y tan xdy 0

tan y tan x tan x tan y
sec 2 x tan ydx sec 2 y tan xdy
 0
tan y tan x tan y tan x
sec 2 x sec 2 y
dx  dy  0
tan x tan y

Integrating both sides

 sec 2 x sec 2 y 
  tan x dx 
tan y
dy   0

2 2
sec x sec y
 tan x dx   tan y dy  0
u  tan x , v  tan y

Diff u w.r.t. xandv w.r.t y

du dv
 sec2 x  sec2 y
dx dy
du du
 dx  dy
sec2 x sec2 x

Therefore, our equation becomes

sec2 x sec2 y
 tan x  tan y dy  0
dx 

sec 2 x du sec 2 y dv
 tan x sec2 x   v sec2 y  0
du dv
 u  v 0
log | u |  log | v | log c
u  tan x and v  tan y
log | tan x |  log | tan y | log c
log | tan x  tan y | log c

tan x tan y  C
8. Solve the following differential equations:

(I) x2 ydx  ( x3  y3 )dy  0

Ans:

x 3
 y3  dy  x 2 ydx  0

Is rearranged as

dy x2 y
 3
dx x  y 3
y
 v  y  vx
x
dy dv
v x
dx dx
dv v
 vx 
dx 1  v 3
dv v v 4
 x  v 
dx 1  v 3 1  v3
1  v3 dx
 4 dv  
v x

Integrating both sides, we get   4  dv   

1 1 dx
v v   x

1
  log | v |  log | x | C
3v3

x3  y
  3  log     log | x | C
3y x

 x3
  log | y | C
3 y3

Is the solution of the given differential equation.

 dy
(II) x 2  x 2  xy  y 2
dx

Ans:

Solution of the given differential equation Re-writing the given equation as

dy
x2  x 2  xy  y 2
dx

dy y2 y
 1 2 
dx x x

It is clearly a homogenous differential equation

Assuming y  vx

Differentiating both sides

dy dv
vx
dx dx

dy
Substituting from the given equation
dx

y2 y dv
1 2   v  x
x x dx

dv
1  v2  v  v  x
dx

dv
1  v2  x
dx

dx dv

x 1  v2

Now integrating both sides

dx dv
 x

1  v2
ln x  arctan v  c

Formula

dx dv
 x
 ln x 
1 v 2
 tan 1 v

y
v
x
y
ln x  tan 1  c
x

Is the solution of given differential equation.

(III) ( x2  y 2 )dx  2xydy  0, y(1)  1

Ans:

x 2

 y 2 dx  2 xydy  0

dy


x2  y 2 
dx 2 xy

It is homogeneous differential equation.

xdu dy
Putting y  ux  u  
dx dx

From (I)

ux
du
 x 2
1 u2  

 1 u2 

dx 2 x 2u  2u 
xdu 1  u 2 
    u
dx  2u 
xdu 1  u 2 
   
dx  2u 
2u dx
 du  
1 u 2
x
Integrating both sides, we get

2udu dx
  1 u 2
 
x

 log 1  u 2   log | x |  log C

x2  y 2
 log | x | log C
x2

x2  y 2
 C
x

 x2  y 2  Cx

Given that y  1 when x  1  1  1  C  C  2

 Solution is x 2  y 2  2 x .

dy y y
(IV)   tan( )
dx x x

Ans:

xdy  y
 y  x tan  
dx x
dy y  y
  tan  
dx x x
y  vx
dy dv
v x
dx dx
 dv
vx  v  tan v
dx
dv
x  tan v
dx
dv dx
 tan v   x 
cos v dx
 sin v dv   x
log sin v  log x  log c
 y c
log sin    log
 x x
 y c
 sin   
x x
 y
sin    cx
x

dy 2 xy
(V)  2
dx x  y 2

Ans:

x 2
 y2  dy
dx
 2 xy

dy 2 xy
 2
dx x  y 2

dy
dx
 
 x 2  y 2 / 2 xy .(i)

Let x  vy

Here, differentiating w.r.t. y ,

dx dy dv
 v.( )  y( )
dy dx dy

dx dy
 (v  y)  ( )
dy dx
Here, from eq. (i),

v  y(
dv
dy

)  v 2 y 2  y 2 / 2vy 2 
dv

v  y ( )  y 2 v 2  1 / y 2 2v
dy

dv
v  y ( )  v 2  1 / 2v
dy
 
dv

y ( )  v 2  1 / 2v  (v /1)
dy
 
dv

y ( )  v 2  1  2v 2 / 2 v
dy

dv

y ( )   v 2  1 / 2v
dy

dv

y ( )  1  v 2 / 2v
dy


2v / 1  v 2 dv  dy
1

y Integrating both sides

 2v  v  dy
2
 1 dv   
y
log v 2  1   log y  log c
log v 2  1 y  log c
v2 y  y  c
 x2 
 2  x( y  y )  c
y 
 x2 
  y  c
 y 
x2  y 2
c
y
x 2  y 2  cy

dy
(VI)  e x  y  x 2e y
dx
Ans:

From the integral

dy
 e x y  x2  e y
dx
dy
 ex  e y  x2  e y
dx
dy
dx

 e y ex  x2
dy

 e y   e  x dx
x
 2

x3
 log e y  e x   C
3
3
x
 y  ex   C
3

dy 1 y2
(VII) 
dx 1  x2

Ans:

dy 1 y2

dx 1  x2

It is given that

dy 1 y2
 0
dx 1  x2

We can write it as

dy 1 y2

dx 1  x2

By cross multiplication
 1 1
dy  dx
1 y2 1  x2

By integrating both sides w.r.t x

1 1
 1 y 2
dy  
1  x2
dx

We get

sin 1 y  sin 1 x  c

(VIII) (3xy  y 2 )dx  ( x2  xy)dy

Ans:

dy  3 xy  y 2 
  2 
dx  x  xy 
dy dv
y  vx  v x
dx dx
dv  3 x  vx  v 2 x 2 
vx   2 
dx  x  x  vx 
dv 3v  v 2
x  v
dx 1 v
dv 3v  v 2  v  v 2
x 
dx 1 v
dv 2v  4v
2
x 
dx 1 v
 1 v 1
dv   dx
2v  4v
2
x
1 v 1
 2v 2  4v dv    x dx
1 2  2v 1

4 2v  v 2
dv    dx
x
1
log v 2  2v   log | x |  c
4
1  y2 y
log  2  2   x  c
4 x x
 y2 
log   2 y   4c
 x 

9. (I) Form the differential equation of the family of circles touching y-axis at
(0, 0).

Ans: The centre of the circle touching the y-axis at origin lies on the x-axis.

Let (a, 0) be the centre of the circle.

Since it touches the y-axis at origin, its radius is a.

Now, the equation of the circle with centre (a, 0) and radius (a) is

( x  a) 2  y 2  a 2 .
 x 2  y 2  2ax
Differentiating equation (1) with respect to x , we get:

2 x  2 yy  2a

 x  yy  a

Now, on substituting the value of a in equation (1), we get:

x 2  y 2  2  x  yy  x

 x2  y 2  2 x2  2 xyy

 2xyy  x2  y 2

This is the required differential equation.

(ii) Form the differential equation of family of parabolas having vertex at

 0, 0  and axis along the

(i) positive y-axis

Ans: The equation of the parabola having the vertex at origin and the axis along
the positive

y -axis is:

x 2  4ay …….1

Differentiating equation (1) with respect to x , we get:

 2 x  4ay ……(2)

Dividing equation (2) by equation (1), we get:

2 x 4ay 

x 2 4ay

2 y
 
x y

 xy  2 y

 xy  2 y  0

This is the required differential equation.

(ii) Positive x-axis

Ans: Since parabola has axis along positive x -axis,

its Equation: y 2  4ax ...(1)

Diff. w.r.t. x
d 2
dx
  d
y  (4ax)
dx
dy
2y  4a
dx

Putting Value of 4 a in (1)

dy
y2  2 y x
dx
dy
y 2  2 xy 0
dx

(iii) Form differential equation of family of circles passing through origin and
whose Centre lie on x-axis.

Ans: Equation of circle is  x  a   y  a ... 1 [ ' a' arbitrary constant]

Differentiate with respect to 'x'

dy
2( x  a)  2 y 0
dx

dy dy
( x  a)  y 0a  x y
dx dx

2 2

Substituting in (1) y    y 2   x  y 
dy 2 dy
 dx   dx 

2 2
 dy  dy  dy 
y    y 2  x 2  2 xy  y 2  
2

 dx  dx  dx 

dy
x 2  2 xy  y2  0
dx

(iv) Form the differential equation of the family of circles in the first quadrant
and touching the coordinate axes.

Ans: Let the equation of the circle be

( x  a) 2  ( y  a) 2  a 2
 x2  y 2  2a( x  y)  a2  0

 2 x  2 y  2a 1  y1   0

 x  y  a 1  y1   0

x y
a
1  y1

Hence, the required differential equation is

2
 x y   x y 
x  y  2
2 2
 ( x  y)    0
 1  y1   1  y1 

 
 1  y1  x 2  y 2  2( x  y)2 1  y1  ( x  y)2  0
2

dy x  2 y
10. Show that the differential equation  is homogeneous and solve it.
dx x  2 y

Ans:

dy
Step 1: Find
dx

dy
( x  2 y) x  2y
dx
dy  x  2 y 
 
dx  x  2 y 

dy
Step 2: Put F( x, y)  Find F( x,  y)
dx

dy  x  2 y 
 
dx  x  2 y 

 x  2y 
Put F( x, y)   
 x  2y 
Finding

F( x,  y )
 x  2( y )
F( x,  y ) 
 x  2 y
 ( x  2 y)

 ( x  2 y)
( x  2 y)

x  2y
 F( x, y )

Thus, F( x,  y)  F( x, y)   F( x, y)

Thus, F ( x, y) is Homogeneous function of degree zero

Therefore, the given Differential Equation is Homogeneous

differential Equation

dy
Step 3: Solving by Putting y  vx
dx

dy  x  2 y 
 
dx  x  2 y 

Let y  vx

dy d (vx)
So, 
dx dx

dy dv dx
 xv
dx dx dx
dy dv
 xv
dx dx

Putting in eqn, (1)

 dy y
,
dx x
dy x  2 y

dx x  2 y
dv x  2vx
xv 
dx x  2vx
dv x(1  2v)
xv 
dx x (1  2v )
dv 1  2v
xv 
dx 1  2v
dv 1  2v
x v
dx 1  2v
dv 1  2v  v  2v 2
x 
dx 1  2v

dv 2v 2  v  1
x 
dx 1  2v
dv  2v 2  v  1 
x   
dx  2v  1 
 2v  1  dx
dv  2 
 2v  v  1  x

Integrating Both Sides

2v  1 dx
 2v 2
 v 1
dv  
x
2v  1 dx
 2v 2  v  1dv    x
(2v  1)dv
 2v 2  v  1dv   log | x | c
By equating

 x  2y 
log x 2  xy  y 2  2 3 tan 1  c
 3x 

12. Solve the following differential equations:

 dy
(i)  2 y  cos 3x
dx

Ans:

dy
 (2) y  cos3x (1)
dx

This is a linear differential equation of the form

dy
 Py  Q , where P  2 and Q  cos3x
dx

Multiplying both sides by (1), we get

dy
e2 x  2 ye2 x  cos3xe2 x
dx

Integrating both sides w.r.t. x , we get

ye 2 x   e 2 x cos 3xdx  C
 ye 2 x  I  C ,
I  e tx cos 3x .
I   e 2 x cos 3xdx
1 (2) 2 x
 e 2 x sin 3 x   e sin 3 xdx
3 3

1 2  1   cos 3 x 
 e2 x sin 3x   e 2 x cos 3 x   (2)e 2t   dx
3 3 3  3 
1 2  1 2 
 e2 sin 3x   e 2 x cos 3x   e 2 x cos 3xax 
3 3 3 3 
1 2 4
 e2 x sin 3x  e 2 x cos 3 x  I
3 9 9
  4  e 2 x
I  I   (3sin 3 x  2 cos 3 x)
 9  9
e 2 x
I (3sin 3 x  2 cos 3 x)
13

Substituting the value of 1 in  2 

e2 x
ye2 x  (3sin 3x  2cos 3x)  C
13

3sin 3x 2cos3x
y   ce2 x
13 13

dy  
(II) sin x  y cos x  2sin 2 x cos x if y    1
dx 2

Ans: Given

dy
(sin x)  y cos x  2sin 2 x cos x
dx
1  dy  1
  (sin x)  y cos x   2sin 2 x cos x 
sin x  dx  sin x
dy  cos x 
   y  2sin x cos x
dx  sin x 
dy
  (cot x) y  2sin x cos x
dx

This is a first order linear differential equation of the form

dy
 Py  Q
dx

Here, P  cot x and Q  2sin x cos x

The integrating factor (I.F) of this differential equation is,

I. F  e
Pdx

 I. F  e
cotxdx
We have

 cotxdx  log(sin x)  c
 I. F  elog(sin x )
 I. F  sin x  elog x  x 

Hence, the solution of the differential equation is,

y ( I. F )   (Q  I .F )dx  c

 y(sin x)   (2sin x cos x  sin x)dx  c

 ysin x  2 sin 2 x cos xdx  c

Let sin x  t

 cos xdx  dt [Differentiating both sides]

By substituting this in the above integral, we get

yt  2  t 2 dt  c
x n 1
 x dx  n  1  c
n

 t 21 
 yt  2  c
 2 1 
 t3 
 yt  2    c
3
2t 3
 yt  c
3
2t 2 c
y 
3 t
 2(sin x) 2 c
y  [ t  sin x]
3 sin x
2
 y  sin 2 x  c cosec x
3

Thus, the solution of the given differential equation is

2
y  sin 2 x  c cosec x
3

(III) 3e x tan ydx  1  e x  sec2 ydy  0

Ans:

The given differential equation is

3e x tan ydx  1  e x  sec2 ydy  0

3e x sec2 y
dx  dy
1  ex  tan y

On Integrating, we get

3e x sec2 y
 1  ex
dx

  tan y dy

3log 1  e x  log | tan y | c

 
3
tan y  k 1  e x which is the required solution of the given differential equation.

13. Solve the following differential equations:

(i) ( x3  y3 )dy  x2 ydx  0

Ans:
( x3  y3 )dy  x2 ydx  0

dy x2 y
 
dx x 3  y 3
dy 1
 
dx x y 2

y x2
y dy dv
Let  v  y  vx  v x
x dx dx

So, our differential equations becomes

dv 1 v
vx  
dx 1  v 2 1  v3
v
dv v v4
x   v  
dx 1  v 3 1  v3
 1  v3  dx
   4  dv 
 v  x

Integrating both sides

 1  v3  dx
   4  dv 
 v  x
  1  v3  dx
   4  dv  
 v  x
 1 dx
    v 4   dv  
 v x
v 3
  log v  log x  c
3
1
 3  c  log x  log v
3v
1
 3  c  log(vx)
3v0
x3
  log y  c,
3 y3

Which is required solution.

(ii) xdy  ydx  x 2  y 2 dx

Ans:

Given
2
xdy  ydx  x  y 2 dx


xdy  y  x 2  y 2 dx   dy y  x 2  y 2
dx

x

y  x2  y 2
F ( x, y ) 
x
 y   2 x2   2 y2
F ( x,  y ) 
x



 y  x2  y 2 
x
  .F ( x , y )


F(x, y) is a homogeneous function of degree zero.

dy y  x 2  y 2
Now, 
dx x
Let y  vx

dy dv
  v  x
dx dx

Putting above value, we have

dv vx  x 2  v 2 x 2
v  x 
dx x
dv
v  x   v  1  v2
dx
dv
 x   1  v2
dx
dx dv

x 1  v2

Integrating both sides, we get

dx dv
 x

1  v2

 dx 
log x  log c  log v  1  v 2 

 x a
2
 log x  x 2  a 2  c 
2

cx  v  1  v 2
y y2
 cx   1  2
x x
y x2  y 2
cx  
x x
 cx 2  y  x 2  y 2

11. Show that the differential equation x 2

 2 xy  y 2  dx   y 2  2 xy  x 2  dy  0 is
homogeneous and solve it.

Ans:
x 2
 2 xy  y 2   dx   y 2  2 xy  x 2   dy  0
dy ( y 2  2 xy  x 2 )
or. 
dx  y 2  2 xy  x 2 
y  VX
dy dv
 v.1  x 
dx dx

dv v 2  x 2  2vx 2  x 2
v  x 
dx v 2  x 2  2vx 2  x 2
 
 v 2  2v  1 / v 2  2v  1 
dv v 2  2v  1
x 
dx v 2  2v  1

dv v 2  2v  1  v3  2v 2  v
x 
dx v 2  2v  1
 v  2  2v  1  1
or.  3 2   dv   dx
 v  v  v  1  x

v 2  2v  1 2 Bv  C

 v 1 
A

 2
v 1 v 1 v 1  
Equating the coeff. of v 2 , v and constant terms.

A  B  1..(1)
B  C  2 ..(2)
A  C  1 (3).

Subtracting eqn.  2  from 1

A  C  1.. (4)

by eqn. (3) and (4) A  1, C  0

But
A  B  1.
 1  B  1  B  2

 1 2v  1
 v  1  v 2  1  dv   x  dx

or. Integ.of 1/ (v  1)  2v /  v 2  1  dv  integ. of 1/ x.dx

or. log(v  1)  log  v  1  log x  log C

or. log(v  1) /  v2  1  log x.C

(IV) x2dy  y( x  y)dx  0 given that y  1 when x  1.

Ans: Given, x2 dy   xy  y 2  dx  0


dy  xy  y

2

dx x2

Put y  vx

dy dv
or vx
dx dx

The differential equation becomes

vx
dv
dx
  v  v2  
dv dx
or 
v  2v
2
x

dv dx
or  (v  1) 2
1 2
 
x

1 v
or. log   log x  log C
2 v2
 C y
or 
x y  2x

1
If x  1, y  1, C 
3
or
1 y

3x y  2x

y
dy
(V) xe  y  x
x
 0 if y(e)  0
dx

 xy 
Ans: Given differential equation is,  xe  y  dx  xdy
 

y
dy x  e  y
x
  ..(i)
dx x

y
xe  y
x
Let F ( x, y) 
x

y y
 y
 x  e x xex  y
 F (  x,  y )   0   0 F ( x, y )
x x

Hence, given differential equation (i) is homogenous.

dy dv
Let y  vx   v  x
dx dx

Now, given differential equation (i) would become

 vx
 vx
dv x  e x
v  x 
dx x
dv
 v  x   ev  v
dx
dv
 x   ev
dx
dv dx

ev x
dv
  e  v dv  
v
v
e
  log x  C
1
y

e x
 log x  C
1
 y
 log x  C
x
e
y y
 e  log x  Ce x  1  0
x

Putting y(e)  0 , we get

y y
1x log x  C1x  1  0

1
 C
e

The required particular solution is

y
1 xy
e  log x  e  1  0
x
e

y y
1
or e x log x  e x  1  0

(VI)  x3  3xy 2  dx   y3  3x2 y  dy

Ans: Given differential equation is

x 3
  
 3 xy 2 dx  y 3  3x 2 y dy
dy x 3  3xy 2
 
dx y 3  3 x 2 y
2
 y
1 3 
 x
3
 y  y
   3 
3 x

dv 1  3v 2 y
vx  3 , Let v  
dx v  3v x
dv 1  3v 2
x  v
dx v 3  3v
1  3v 2  v 4  3v 2

v3  3v
1  v4
 3
v  3v
 v 3  3v  dx
 4 
dv 
 1 v  x
 v3   3v  dx
 4 
dv   4 
dv 
 1 v   1 v  x

Integrating, we get

 v3   3v  dx
 4 
dv   4 
dv 
 1 v   1 v  x

Integrating, we get

1 3 v2 1
 log 1  v 4  log 2  log | x |  log c
4 4 v 1

2
 y
4   1
 y
 log 1     log  2
1 3 x
 log | xc |
4 x 4  y
  1
x
which is the required solution

dy y  y
(VII)   cosec    0 given that y  0 when x  1
dx x x

Ans: Differential equation is

dy y  y
  cosec  
dx x x

dy y  y
Let F(x, y)    cosec  
dx x x

Finding F ( x,  y)

y  y  y  y
F( x,  y)   cosec     cosec     F(x, y)


x  x  x x

 F(x, y) is a homogenous function of degree zero

F ( x,  y)    F ( x, y)

Putting y  vx

Diff w.r.t. x

dy dv
 x v
dx dx

dy
Putting value of and y  vx in (1)
dx

dy y  y
  cosec  
dx x x
dv vx  vx 
vx   cosec  
dx x  x
dv
v  x  v  cosec v
dx
xdv
  cosec v
dx
dv dx

cosec v x

Integrating both sides

dv dx
 cosec v   x

  sin vdv  log | x | c

y
Put value of v 
x

y
cos  log | x | C
x

Putting x  1 y  0

0
cos  log1  C
1
1  0  C [log1  0]

Putting value in (2)

c 1

y
cos  log | x | 1
2
y
cos  log | x |  log e
2
y
cos  log | ex |
2

16. Solve the following differential equations:

 dy
(I) cos2 x  tan x  y
dx

Ans: Given differential equation is

dy
cos 2 x   y  tan x
dx
dy
  y sec2 x  tan x  sec2 x
dx

dy
Given differential equation is a linear differential equation of the type  py  Q
dx

I.F.  e  e
Pdx sec2 xdx
 etan x

 Solution is given by etan x y   tanx  sec2 x  etan x dx

Let I   tanx  sec2 x  etan x dx

Let tan x  t , sec2 xdx  dt

 I   tet dt

Integrating by parts  I  tet   et dt  tet  et  C

 I  tan xetan x  etan x  C ,

Hence etan x y  etan x (tan x  1)  C

 y  tan x  1  Ce tan x

dy
(II) x cos x  y ( x sin x  cos x)  1 .
dx

Ans: Given x cos x(dy / dx)  y( x sin x  cos x)  1 .

dy y ( x sin x  cos x) 1
 
dx x cos x x cos x
 y
dy  x sin x cos x  1
   
dx  x cos x x cos x  x cos x

dy  1 1
  tan x   y 
dx  x x cos x

dy
It is linear differential equation in the form  Py  Q
dx

1 sec x
where P  tan x  ( ) and
x x

 (I.F.)  e
(tan x (1/ x))dx

 e 
tanx  dx / x
 elogsec xlog x  elog( x sec x)

 x sec x

Now, multiplying (1) by I.F. and integration, we get

y  I .F   Q  I .F  C

yx sec x   (sec x / x)x( x sec x)dx  c

xy sec x   sec2 xdx  c  tan x  c

xy sec x  tan x  C

Which is the required solution

 x
 x
 x
(III). 1  e  dx  e y 1   dy  0
y

   y

Ans:
 x
 x  y
x

1  e  dx    1 e dy
y
  y 
 
x  y
x

  1 e
dx  y  x
  f  
dy 
1 ey 
 y

Hence, homogeneous

x  y
x

  1 e
dx  y  x
  f 
dy 
1 e y

 y

Equating Homogeneous,

dx dv
x  vy  v y
dy dy
dv (v  1)e
v y 
dy 1 ep
1  ev dy
 ev  v dv    y
log e ev  v   log e | y |  log e C

 
log e ev  v y  log c C

e 

v y C  A
 x x
 y   y  A,
e y

The General solution

(IV) ( y  sin x)dx  tan xdy  0, y(0)  0.

Ans: The given diff. equation can be written as

dx
 (cot x) y  cos x
dy

This is linear differential equation.

I.F.  e
cotxdy
 elogsin x  sin x

The solution is:

y sin x   sinx cos xdy  C

1
2
 sin2 xdy  Cy sin x

1
 cos 2 x  C
4

It is given that y  0 , when x  0

1 1
c  0 or c 
4 4
1 1
y sin x  (1  cos 2 x)  sin 2 x
4 2
2 y  sin x

which is the required solution.

Long Answer Type Questions 6 Marks

17. Solve the following differential equations:

(I) ( xdy  ydx) y sin    ( ydx  xdy ) x cos  

y y
x x

Ans: Given Differential equation can be written as

  y  y
( xdy  ydx) y sin    ( ydx  xdy ) x cos  
x x
 y  y
xy sin   dy  y 2 sin   dx
x x
 y  y
 yx cos   dx  x 2 cos   dy
x x

 y  dy  y
xy sin    y 2 sin  
 x  dx x
 y  y  dy
 xy cos    x 2 cos  
x  x  dx
dy y 2 sin( y / x)  xy cos( y / x)

dx xy sin( y / x)  x 2 cos( y / x)

y dy dy
Put ( )  v to get y  vx and vx
x dx dx

dv v 2 sin v  v cos v
vx 
dx v sin v  cos v

dv 2v cos v
or x 
dx v sin v  cos v

cos v  v sin v dx
or  v cos v
dv  2
x

or log | v cos v |  log x2

 log C

y
or x2v cos v  C or xy cos( )  C
x

(II)
 
3e x tan ydx  1  e x sec 2 ydy  0 
Given that y  , when x  1
4

Ans: The given differential equation is

3e x tan ydx  1  e x  sec2 ydy  0

3e x sec2 y
dx  dy
1  ex  tan y

On Integrating, we get

3e x sec2 y
 1  ex
dx 
  tan y dy

3log 1  e x  log ltan y∣ c

By putting


y , and x  1
4

 
3
(1  e)3 tan y  1  e x

Which is the required solution of the given differential equation.

dy
(III)  y cot x  2 x  x 2 cot x Given that y(0)  0
dx

Ans:

dy
 y  cot x  2 x  x 2  cot x
dx

Let P  cot x, Q  2 x  x2 cot x

I.F  e  e  e
pdx cot x dx log(sin x)
 sin x

Sol is

y( I .F )   (Qx∣ .F )dx  C

y sin x    2 x  x 2 cot x  sin dx  c

  
  2 x  x 2 cot x dx  c

 2 x sin xdx   x2 cos xdx  c

 2[ x( cos x)  (1)( sin x)]   x 2 sin x  2 x( cos x)  2c( sin x) 
 2 x cos x  2sin x  x 2 sin xy sin x

 x2 sin x  c

Then Y (0) =0

Y=x2

This is the Required General solution for the given differential Equation.