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    Lesson 7 - Meiosis

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    Arvin Jay Lamberte
    This document provides an overview of meiosis. It begins by stating the objectives are to describe the process of meiosis, explain its significance, and relate it to real life. It then explains that meiosis produces gametes through two divisions of a germ cell, resulting in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes. The stages of meiosis I and II are outlined in detail, including prophase I where crossing over can occur, followed by two divisions forming four haploid cells.

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    Lesson 7 - Meiosis

    Uploaded by

    Arvin Jay Lamberte
    35 views20 pages
    This document provides an overview of meiosis. It begins by stating the objectives are to describe the process of meiosis, explain its significance, and relate it to real life. It then explains that meiosis produces gametes through two divisions of a germ cell, resulting in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes. The stages of meiosis I and II are outlined in detail, including prophase I where crossing over can occur, followed by two divisions forming four haploid cells.

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    Lesson 7 - Meiosis

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    This document provides an overview of meiosis. It begins by stating the objectives are to describe the process of meiosis, explain its significance, and relate it to real life. It then explains that meiosis produces gametes through two divisions of a germ cell, resulting in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes. The stages of meiosis I and II are outlined in detail, including prophase I where crossing over can occur, followed by two divisions forming four haploid cells.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    35 views20 pages

    Lesson 7 - Meiosis

    Uploaded by

    Arvin Jay Lamberte
    This document provides an overview of meiosis. It begins by stating the objectives are to describe the process of meiosis, explain its significance, and relate it to real life. It then explains that meiosis produces gametes through two divisions of a germ cell, resulting in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes. The stages of meiosis I and II are outlined in detail, including prophase I where crossing over can occur, followed by two divisions forming four haploid cells.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    of 20

    GENERAL BIOLOGY 1

    Arvin Jay R. Lamberte


    St. John the Baptist Catholic School, Inc.
    • To describe the
    process of meiosis
    • To explain the
    significance or
    applications of
    meiosis
    • To relate the
    significance of
    meiosis in real life
    This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
    1. What are gametes?
    2. What makes meiosis different from
    mitosis?
    3. What significant process happens on the
    start of prophase I?
    4. How many stages are there in meiosis?
    What are these?
    5. How many daughter cells are formed after
    completing meiosis?
    • Meiosis is the
    process by which
    sexually
    reproducing
    organisms make
    their sex cells,
    sperms and eggs.
    • During Meiosis,
    specialized cell
    called a germ cell
    splits to make four
    new sex cells, each
    with half the number
    of chromosomes as
    the original germ
    cell.
    Prophase I
    Metaphase I
    Anaphase I
    Telophase I
    • The copied chromosomes
    condense into X-shaped structures
    that can be easily seen under a
    microscope.
    • The pairs of chromosomes may
    then exchange bits of DNA in a
    process called recombination or
    crossing over.
    • At the end of Prophase, I the
    membrane around the nucleus in
    the cell dissolves away, releasing
    the chromosomes.
    • The meiotic spindle, consisting of
    microtubules and other proteins,
    extends across the cell between
    the centrioles.
    • The chromosome pairs line
    up next to each other along
    the center (equator) of the
    cell.
    • The centrioles are now at
    opposites poles of the cell
    with the meiotic spindles
    extending from them.
    • The meiotic spindle fibres
    attach to one chromosome of
    each pair.
    • The pair of chromosomes are
    then pulled apart by the
    meiotic spindle, which pulls
    one chromosome to one pole
    of the cell and the other
    chromosome to the opposite
    pole.
    • In meiosis I the sister
    chromatids stay together.
    • This is different to what
    happens in mitosis and
    meiosis II.
    • The chromosomes complete their
    move to the opposite poles of the
    cell.
    • At each pole of the cell a full set of
    chromosomes gather together.
    • A membrane forms around each
    set of chromosomes to create two
    new nuclei.
    • The single cell then pinches in the
    middle to form two separate
    daughter cells each containing a
    full set of chromosomes within a
    nucleus.
    Prophase II
    Metaphase II
    Anaphase II
    Telophase II
    • Now there are two daughter cells,
    each with 23 chromosomes.
    • In each of the two daughter cells
    the chromosomes condense again
    into visible X-shaped structures
    that can be easily seen under a
    microscope.
    • The membrane around the
    nucleus in each daughter cell
    dissolves away releasing the
    chromosomes.
    • The centrioles duplicate.
    • The meiotic spindle forms again.
    • In each of the two daughter cells
    the chromosomes (pair of sister
    chromatids) line up end-to-end
    along the equator of the cell.
    • The centrioles are now at
    opposites poles in each of the
    daughter cells.
    • Meiotic spindle fibers at each
    pole of the cell attach to each of
    the sister chromatids.
    • The sister chromatids
    are then pulled to
    opposite poles due to
    the action of the
    meiotic spindle.
    • The separated
    chromatids are now
    individual
    chromosomes.
    • The chromosomes complete their
    move to the opposite poles of the
    cell.
    • At each pole of the cell a full set of
    chromosomes gather together.
    • A membrane forms around each
    set of chromosomes to create two
    new cell nuclei.
    • This is the last phase of meiosis,
    however cell division is not
    complete without another round
    of cytokinesis.

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