BACHELOR OF SCIENCE INFORMATON SYSTEM

BSISRes. No ____

Date:

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MOBILE-BASED BUY AND SELL TRANSACTION PROCESSING SYSTEM

TEDDY PEDRAJAS
JASPER JOHN S. PALANGRE

SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE COLLEGE OF COMPUTER

STUDIES SULTAN KUDARAT STATE UNIVERSITY
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE
DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS

MAY 2022

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 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Farmers work hard to achieve good rice crop production and to have enough of

income nor increase of income. Many farmers fail because of lack of information, weak

performance of agricultural markets system, also constrained by many factors such as:

poor quality of agricultural produce, lack of market facilities, weak extension service

which ignored marketing development and absence of marketing information. Farmers

is the only one who made paddy rice and rice is one of our daily needs. Giving them

enough and right justice information for every agricultural market is much easier and

more convenient for them.

Increasing attention has been given to raising commodity prices due to its

negative effects on poverty and undernutrition. An example of this problem are the

growing rice prices in 10 Philippines, which are causing high living expenses to the

population across the country. To assess the competitiveness of agro-food chains, price

transmission has been used as an indicator of market integration. (Chaudhary et al.,

n.d.)

Impacts on traded goods consumption, wage income, farm and non-farm family

enterprise income, and government transfers, these welfare effects differ across the

distribution. The benefits of trade liberalization in terms of income and the costs of trade

liberalization in terms of inequality are quantified for each country, and the trade-offs

between them are assessed using an Atkinson social welfare index.(Artuc et al., 2019)

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 In addition, farmers have the right to choose agricultural markets depend on the

price that the agricultural markets offer. Improving marketing facilities for agricultural

crops in general and rice sector in particular enable farmers to plan their production

more in line with market demand, to schedule their harvests at the most profitable times,

to decide which markets to send their produce to and negotiate on a more even footing

with traders. Besides, a proper rice marketing system is also enables, to increase

production and market efficiency

Today, real-time information can be delivered within a few minutes. Data is no

longer limited to prices, but may also include information relating to trade (local trade

flows, imports and exports, contacts of buyers or sellers, etc.), and to production and

policy measures.

The challenge that is facing rural development is inefficiency in agricultural

markets, wherein farmers lacking information about the markets for their crops and

therefore selling in local markets at suboptimal prices. A user-friendly and convenient

web-based is the key to support the farmer and agricultural markets.

With these problems and recommended solutions for the business, the

researchers will design and develop a platform to address the problem that will make

them more convenient, fast and easiest way of managing and processing of business

transactions the study entitled “Mobile Base Buy and Sell Transaction Processing

System” which is a mobile base design primarily for Faeldonia Buy and Sell and would

help the farmer in convenient way. Furthermore, it depends on the both person whether

they will continue the process or not due to some conditions and needs to considered.

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Objectives of the Study

General Objective

Generally, this study aims to develop and evaluate the study entitled “Mobile

Base Buy and Sell Transaction Processing System”. This system will address the lack

of trade information (buyer or seller contacts, price per variety seedling, and crop

production price), as well as policy initiatives. It will alter in the sense that farmers will

have access to much more information like trade and prices, which will be helpful for

both farmer and the business.

Specific Objectives

Specifically, this study aims to:

1. Allow the administrator to manage users’ account, product, farmer’s, scaler

information.

2. Allow the administrator to approved or declined farmer production sell and

purchased products.

3. Allow farmer to buy and sell rice crop products.

4. Enable the administrator to accept farmer payment.

5. Allow admin to submit rice crop production sale of farmer to scaler.

6. Allow the scaler to manage rice crop sales information.

7. Enable the farmer to accept payment.

8. Generate reports such as:

8.1 List of Products

8.2 List of Farmers

8.3 Payment Receipt

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 8.4 Sales and Inventory Report

8.5 Income Statement

8.6 Statistical reports (monthly) saleable products.

9. Evaluate the system in terms of:

9.1 Functionality

9.2 Accessibility

9.3 Accuracy

Significance of the Study

This study entitled “Mobile Based Buy and Sell Transaction Processing System”

Is beneficial to the following:

To the Business Owner

This information system will help the business owner to have an easy and fastest

selling and purchase product, advertising of their product, monitor the products sales

and market position to gain competitive advantage among other competitors.

To the Employees

This study will help them to lessen their work load and will increase the

productivity of the business. The employee can easily monitor availability of the

products during sales and can update the supply by physically counting the stock items

on a frequent basis also can manage easily the purchased product.

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To the Farmer

This new information system will be more convenient and provides a useful and

convenient platform to buy and sell products and services at presumably better prices.

They can use search engines and price comparison sites which significantly reduce

search costs, to find and compare many different offers for the same rice products.

To the Researchers

This study will help the researchers to know the importance of technology in the

chosen business. It helps them understand the nature and procedure of the existing

system of recording system. It makes them to compare the advantages and

disadvantages of manual system to the computerized one. It gives them an idea of

switching manual and traditional system into technology-based system for business

transactions.

To the Future Researchers

This will help them in their studies as references and basis in gathering data to

develop this system and to improve its features.

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Scope and Limitations of the Study

This study aims to develop the study entitled “Mobile Based Buy and Sell

Transaction Processing System”. This system provides interfaces for administrator,

employees and customers.

Allow administrator to manage users’ account, product, farmer’s, scaler

information. In the administrator interface, the administrator can access their interface

by having an account on the system; this user can manage users’ accounts, it can

perform add, update, delete and search account information. The assigned

administrator can also modify users’ accounts for its security purposes. The assigned

administrator can administer product information, view farmer’s information and scaler

information. The buy and sell owner as administrator or the assigned employee can

administer product information such as variety of rice, price, quantity, and status. The

user can also manage farmer’s and scaler information; the system provides registration

for farmer before it can order and sell products. It will allow farmers to have an account

on the system for business transactions.

Allow the administrator to approved or declined farmer production sell and

purchased products. In this interface, the administrator will be the one to approved or

declined farmer production sell and purchased by viewing the production sell and

purchased products of the farmer, whereas, the farmer could not process directly it

should be approved by the administrator in order to process constantly the product

either buy or sell.

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 Allow farmer to buy and sell rice crop products. In the farmer’s interface, when a

farmer buys a product from a business, such as rice seedlings or milled rice they must

log in to the system and click the button to buy a products then after that they will chose

what variety they want either seedlings or milled rice then submit after that the admin

will get notified of all the products in a receipt form then it depends on the business

whether they will accept it or not, after accepting farmer buys product it will get notified

the farmer of buys product with a receipt, the receipt represent as proof of legitimacy

where if the farmer will get those buy products farmer should show the receipt and then

pay those products. Moreover, if a farmer sells rice crop product, it is up to the business

enterprises to decide whether they will accept the rice crop product due to product

variety, then if it is accepted it will associate with the scaler.

Enable the administrator to accept farmer payment. In this interface, after the

farmer buys a product, the system will automatically process the total computation of all

product buy of the farmer the computation will be submit to farmer wherein they should

show to the business enterprise if they will get their buy product and pay it to the

business enterprises. After that the business enterprises will back to the system and

click the accept farmer payment in order to close the transaction. The mode of

payments for the buy products will be through Cash-to-Cash.

Allow admin to submit rice crop production sale of farmer to scaler. In this user

interface after the farmer gets accepted of rice crop production sale the admin will be

the one to submit that information regarding to rice crop production of the farmer to the

scaler in order for the scaler to get notify where will be the rice crop production of the

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farmer and scaler will manage those rice crop production sale to get the total crop

production sale.

Allow the scaler to manage rice crop sales information. Scaler will get notify of

farmer’s rice crop sales wherein scaler should manage all the rice crop production of

farmer’s where scaler should take charge of the deduction of every sacks. Scaler

contains information (variety, farmer’s name, price, status, mode of selling, quantity of

sacks, deduction per sacks, gross, tare, net) It also needs to generate the whole

process in order to generate the total tally and notified the administrator of the official

receipts wherein administrator should submit the official receipt to farmers.

Enable the farmer to accept payment. Wherein in the farmer’s interface they will

get notified that contains the payment information contains (OR number, farmer’s name,

variety, price, sacks, mode of selling, total kilograms, overall deduction, deduction per

sacks, total. In order to close the transaction, it needs to click the accept payment after

the farmer hand in the money, it is cash to cash basis.

Generate reports such list of products, list of farmers, payment receipt, sales and

inventory report as well as income statement Statistical reports using Pie Graph

(monthly) saleable products. The following reports can be viewed and generated by the

system in text reports and graphical format type of reports.

Furthermore, the system’s functionality, accessibility and accuracy will be

evaluated by the chosen respondents with business owner, employees and farmer’s by

having an evaluation questionnaire prepared by the researchers.

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 This research study will be conducted at Sultan Kudarat State University – Isulan

Campus and it will be pilot tested specifically at Faeldonia Buy and Sell, Norala, South

Cotabato.

Definition of Terms

The following terms are operationally and theoretically defined as used in this

study.

Administrator - means a person who manage the buy and sell

agricultural marketing enterprises.

Buy and Sell - means a business organization that buy rice

crop production and sell different variety of

rice, seedlings

Computer - means a technology in order to cater all the

farmer buy and sell products.

Farmer - means a person who buy and sell rice crop

production to the buy and sell marketing

enterprises.

Marketing - the action or business of promoting and selling

products or services, including market research

and advertising.

Rice - means refers to the farmer’s products and

agricultural marketing products

Rice Price - means one of the problems of farmer to seek

rice price in Philippines nor in their area.

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System - means a aid to the manual system of the buy

and sell agricultural marketing enterprises

Transaction Processing System - set of information which processes the data

transaction in database system that monitors

transaction programs

Web page - means a hypertext document connected to the

World Wide Web

Website - means a location connected to the Internet that

maintains one or more pages on the World

Wide Web and in order the farmer to directly

connect and make a transaction via website.

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 Chapter II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter presents for further understanding of the project. The

researchers make use of different reading materials related to the project. These

materials were gathered form different resources such as books, journals, published

thesis and online resources that provides an understanding of the aspects of the

people that are essential to the project and intended to establish anchors to software

development of the proposed project entitled “Mobile Base Buy and Sell Transaction

Processing System”.

Review of Related Literature

These reviews consist of books, articles, documents that focus on

those subject matter or other concepts of the study.

Innovation of agricultural economic management in the process of constructing

smart agriculture by big data

Agriculture, which is usually mentioned in big data of agriculture, must cover three

levels, namely, rural areas, agriculture and farmers. It is characterized by wide

coverage, wide range of related fields and contents, many influencing factors,

complex data collection and difficult decision management.

Specifically, According to (Su & Wang, 2021) agricultural big data should include

links such as farmland, breeding, sowing, fertilization, plant protection, harvest,

storage, transportation, agricultural product processing, marketing, animal husbandry

production and cross-industry and professional data analysis.

Agriculture is not only an ideal application field of big data, but also an important

information source of big data. The combination of big data and agriculture has

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changed the situation that traditional agricultural production lacks data support.

Through the combination of the Internet and computer information technology, it has

changed the industrial weaknesses of China’s agriculture, such as highly

decentralized, small-scale production, large space and time changes, weak scale, low

stability and controllability.

Smart agriculture is including Internet of things by comprehensive perception,

reliable transmission, intelligent processing, such as technical support, to promote the

agricultural industry and the whole process of intelligent, automatic production,

optimal control, intelligent management, logistics and electronic trading system as the

main production methods, aimed at the most efficient use of agricultural resources,

reduce agricultural cost and energy consumption, reduce the destruction of the

agricultural ecological environment, to the overall optimal production of agricultural

system, high efficiency, low consumption, high quality, ecology and safety of modern

agriculture development mode and form.

Formation of information and organizational system of management and

accounting by fixed assets of agricultural enterprises

In today's market conditions, skillful and careful organization of the process of

management and accounting in the agricultural sector of the economy becomes an

essential factor in the efficient and rational use of fixed assets. Therefore, well-

organized management and accounting of fixed assets at agricultural enterprises

should be a holistic, unified system of interconnected, mutually agreed ways and

methods.

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 According to (Matviychuk, 2020) an important achievement in this regard will be

the creation of software products that allow you to quickly process information and

respond instantly to the needs of management. Accordingly, work on their creation

requires appropriate research in the future.

Innovation management practices: analysis of small family farmers on the border

According to (Diaz-Villavicencio, 2020) to focus on the innovation practices of

small family businesses (rural farmers) living in border areas. Previous studies on

small rural businesses have a low level of knowledge of innovation practices. The

author acknowledges that technological innovation affects small farmers and it has a

positive impact on the company’s performance. The proposal is to analyze the

contribution of innovation practices in a group of small rural farmers that have similar

characteristics in border countries.

Agricultural Market Development: Trends and Prospects

The solution to the food problem in the Russian Federation largely depends on

the formation and development of the agri-food market that is a system of socio-

economic relations on exchanging agricultural raw materials, food and resources, and

ensuring reproduction in the agro-industrial complex (AIC). It directs producers on

manufacturing agricultural products and food demanded by buyers, ensures the

efficient allocation of material and technical resources, helps to improve the

competitiveness of agricultural enterprises, and meets the consumers’ needs in raw

materials and food. Production costs are reimbursed, profit is earned by each

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adequately working producer, incentives are created for reducing costs, and the

quality of products is improved by means of the markets. (Minakov & Nikitin, 2019)

The agri-food market has certain features influencing the production and

commercial activity of producers:

 Demand for food almost does not respond to price changes,

 Seasonal fluctuation in the supply of agricultural products, which is associated with

the peculiarities of agricultural production.

 Fluctuation of prices for agricultural products during the calendar year, which is

due to its uneven supply, A lot of perishable products; this increases the need in

storage facilities and their sale in a very short time,

 Involving intermediaries to sell agricultural products in cities, which re-duces the

producers’ income, State regulation of prices in the agri-food market, taking into

account the solvent demand of the population

When organizing production and commercial activities, it is necessary to take into

account the above features of the agri-food market and to use new approaches in

promoting agricultural products and food from producer to consumer.

The efficiency of agricultural production is determined by the commercial activity of

producers. The underdeveloped market infrastructure and the existing economic

mechanism do not allow timely and loss-free selling of products. Under these

conditions, the relevance of studies related to selling agricultural products and food

based on the agri-food market development is growing.

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The impact of innovation on the performance of small-to-medium informal metal-
trade enterprises

According to (Makate et al., 2019) plays a fundamental role in the supply of

intermediate agricultural technologies. The seemingly never-ending economic crisis

has arguably contributed to the collapse of the formal industrial sector resulting in a

shortage of farming technologies especially amongst small-scale farmers whose

numbers increased exponentially post the agrarian reform in 2000.

However, innovation capabilities by informal entrepreneurs and overall firm

performance are critical elements for eventual impact of the sector to the farming

community.

Also, policies that promote acquisition of cheap entrepreneurial skills and a

favorable business climate that supports innovation might help to steer economy out of

trouble.

Review of Related Studies

Effective management system of rice processing industry

According to (Rachmat et al., 2019) Unbalance ratio between rice plant area and

number of rice’s milling unit causes tight business competition on its business so it

has low productivity and profitability. Measures for enhancing productivity need to be

taken. There are some similarity situations between Indonesia and Korea related to

rice consumption and industry. Objectives of this study are to conduct comparative

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study between Indonesian and Korean rice industry and arrange recommendations

about providing stable paddy supply for the rice processing industry in Indonesia.

Trading off the income gains and the inequality costs of trade policy

According to (Artuc et al., 2019) the trade-off between the income gains and the

inequality costs of trade using survey data for 54 developing countries. Tariff data on

agricultural and manufacturing goods are combined with household survey data on

detailed income and expenditure patterns to estimate the first-order effects of the

elimination of import tariffs on household welfare

These welfare effects vary across the distribution by estimating impacts on the

consumption of traded goods, wage income, farm and non-farm family enterprise

income, and government transfers. For each country, the income gains and the

inequality costs of trade liberalization are quantified and the trade-offs between them

are assessed

Atkin, Faber and Gonzalez-Navarro (2018) investigate the distribution of the

household welfare effects from FDI. Another branch of the literature examines

distributional effects in an Arkolakis.

Information systems in agricultural enterprises

The development of information and communication technologies (ICT) is

currently conditioned by the development of industry, society and many other factors.

There is still a low level of the Business intelligence introduction among

businesses, which could be explained by low level of information about the software

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 According to (Látečková et al., 2018) the ever-increasing trend of ICT

development is directly connected with the agricultural enterprises. ICT play important

roles in the development of these enterprises and automation of their processes.

Revitalization of financing and budgets, dynamically evolving strong competitive

environment and growing regulation lead to ever growing need for swift reactions and

making precise decisions in all institutions and organizations, including manufacturing

and agricultural organizations.

Access to the right information in the right time is crucial for every subject.

There are several fundamental areas for modern agricultural enterprises. All

processes carried out in agricultural enterprises need to be planned and managed;

automation of the processes via suitable information systems brings significant

competitive advantages and strengthened market positions. Enterprise resource

planning systems are convenient in this respect.

Rice Price Transmission between Wholesalers and Retailers in the Philippines:

Are Prices Integrated in Local Markets?

Rice price in Philippines is higher in comparison with other major rice producing

Asian countries such as Vietnam, Thailand and China. The largest sources of higher

rice price in the Philippines are the costs for transportation, milling, packaging,

working capital and import restriction.

The PhiRice also said that the gross marketing margin (GMM) is higher at the

different stages of rice supply chain in Philippines, and it is due to the high costs of

marketing and the enormous returns to trade management. The rice prices in

Philippines have fluctuated dramatically in the last decade, with consumers facing

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increasingly high prices that reached exceptional levels before falling during the

financial crisis over the second half of 2007 and first half of the 2008.

According to (Morales et al.., 2018), imperfections in price transmission are factors

that have contributed to exacerbate price fluctuations of food commodities due to the

lack of incentives transmitted to chain actors for markets adjust to shocks in supply

and demand.

Producers/wholesalers when increase prices, the retailers instantly and completely

increase their prices to maintain their normal profit margins, but when

producers/wholesalers decrease prices, the retailers keep constant their prices or

takes time to reduce prices to capture higher profit margins (Schroeder, 1988; Vavra

& Goodwin, 2005). Swinnen and Vandeplas (2014) argued that consumers in

developing countries are hurt by increasing food prices, while producers are not

benefiting from high prices for their products, increasing poverty and hunger.

(Chaudhary et al., n.d.)

Market imperfections in agro-food markets are more prevalent in developing

countries compared to developed countries (Morales, 2018). Imperfections in price

transmission are due to several factors such as market power, processing and

marketing costs, costs of transportation, government intervention, and product

homogeneity and differentiation, in addition to market failure.

In this regard of price transmission, this study suggests that the different rice

markets have distinct competitiveness in Philippines, and the policy makers require to

pay close attention in designing mechanisms other than traditional transfer

approaches from wholesale to retail level to increase the competitiveness in the rice

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markets in the supply chain. Therefore, it can reduce the food expenses to the all

Filipinos and help to decrease a substantial number of poor peoples across the

Philippines.

Technological and Economic Factors Determining ICT Level: Evidence from

Rural Micro-Businesses in Democratic Republic of Congo

The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is the 11th largest country in the world

although wars have devastated the economics of the country. In this vast but poor

area, there are a lot of small businesses, particularly in agriculture. Therefore,

focusing on small enterprises and their use of Information and Communication

Technologies (ICT) can be a key issue in enhancing the nation's infrastructure,

communications, social relations and economy. (Perez-Estebanez et al., 2018)

A new method of large-scale short-term forecasting of agricultural commodity

prices

There is an old saying that “food is the paramount necessity of the people”. The

price of agricultural commodity, which is an important necessity, is closely related to

people’s lives.

The fluctuation of agricultural commodity prices is affected by economic and social

factors. Therefore, accurate forecasting of price change trends can instruct people’s

consuming behaviors, and has great significance to some heated social issues like

predicting macroeconomic trend. There are various agricultural commodities in the

markets. The prices of agricultural commodities can be influenced by many factors;

even same commodity can be priced differently in diverse markets.

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 According to (Wu et al., 2017) agricultural commodity prices are influenced by a

combination of factors, including supply–demand relationship, weather, policy, etc.

These factors cannot be quantified by the same standard, and have different influences

on different agricultural commodities in different wholesale markets, which brings great

difficulty to the forecasting of agricultural commodity price.

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References.

Artuc, E., Porto, G., & Rijkers, B. (2019). Trading off the income gains and the inequality

costs of trade policy. Journal of International Economics, 120.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2019.05.001

Chaudhary, B., Morales, L. E., & Villano, R. (n.d.). Rice Price Transmission between

Wholesalers and Retailers in the Philippines : Are Prices Integrated in Local

Markets ? 1–35.

Diaz-Villavicencio, G. (2020). Innovation management practices: analysis of small family

farmers on the border of Brazil and Paraguay. International Journal of

Organizational Analysis, 28(6), 1243–1254. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-11-2019-

1925

Látečková, A., Bolek, V., & Szabo, L. (2018). Information systems in agricultural

enterprises: An empirical study in Slovak republic. Agris On-Line Papers in

Economics and Informatics, 10(2), 49–60. https://doi.org/10.7160/aol.2018.100205

Makate, C., Makate, M., Siziba, S., & Sadomba, Z. (2019). The impact of innovation on

the performance of small-to-medium informal metal-trade enterprises in Zimbabwe.

Cogent Business and Management, 6(1).

https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2019.1625095

Matviychuk, L. (2020). FORMATION OF INFORMATION AND ORGANIZATIONAL

SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT AND ACCOUNTING BY FIXED ASSETS OF

AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES. The Economic Discourse, 1.

https://doi.org/10.36742/2410-0919-2020-1-5

Minakov, I. A., & Nikitin, A. V. (2019). Agricultural market development: Trends and

23
 prospects. International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring

Engineering, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.A4886.119119

Perez-Estebanez, R., Urquía-Grande, E., & Rautiainen, A. (2018). Technological and

Economic Factors Determining ICT Level: Evidence from Rural Micro-Businesses

in Democratic Republic of Congo. Journal of International Development, 30(1).

https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.3281

Rachmat, R., Rahayu, E., Hadipernata, M., & Kim, J. (2019). Effective management

system of rice processing industry in Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and

Environmental Science, 309(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/309/1/012009

Su, Y., & Wang, X. (2021). Innovation of agricultural economic management in the

process of constructing smart agriculture by big data. Sustainable Computing:

Informatics and Systems, 31(June), 100579.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.suscom.2021.100579

Wu, H., Wu, H., Zhu, M., Chen, W., & Chen, W. (2017). A new method of large-scale

short-term forecasting of agricultural commodity prices: illustrated by the case of

agricultural markets in Beijing. Journal of Big Data, 4(1).

https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-016-0062-3

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 Conceptual Framework of the Study

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Buy and Sell Determine

The farmer will The existing system is
personally go to the buy and time consuming, it records
sell and inquire the availability, manually, in buy and sell
price of seedlings and rice manner needs to be done
crop production price. personally by the farmer.
Business Policy Assess
This includes on how The system is
the Payment procedure will be. inefficient and can delay work
activities.
Farmer’s Information “Mobile-Based Buy
Identify
It includes the farmers and Sell Transaction
address, phone number. The current system
cannot address the Following: Processing System”
Scaler’s Information
Owners concern on
It includes the scalers
slow transactions process of
name, address, phone
buy and sell.
number.
Employees inventory
Sales and Inventory Reports
on products. Farmers concern
Every pick-up of in relation to buy and sell
seedlings sale and list down all transactions.
the product sales and income.
Recommend
Cash Flow Statement
It is recommended to
List down all the develop a system that can
purchased products and address the needs of user in
seedling per variety with terms of pricing, deduction,
receipt and total amount, information, process, and
deduction also the name of the transactions where it turns to
farmer and scaler. automated process as well as
lack of information.

Conceptual Framework of The Study.

FEEDBACK

Figure1. Shows the conceptual framework of the study through input, process and output.

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Input

The input contained the basic manual knowledge requirements for the

system wherein the input consisting of the following: manual procedures of purchasing

and selling, business policies, farmer information, product information, sales and

inventory report, cash flow statement. The researchers understand the basic information

needed, analyzed and developed such strategies for the proposed study.

Process

The researchers understand the problem by determining, assessing,

identifying the best solutions to the current manual system in order to recommend the

proposed study. The process contained the following activities and procedures in order

to develop the system. The Agile Software Development Methodology will be used to

ensure satisfaction of the requirements of the existing system.

Output

The output will be the proposed system entitled “Mobile Buy and Sell

Transaction Processing System”.

Feedback

The feedback loops take the system output into consideration with the

end-users, which enables the system to adjust its performance to meet a desired output

response.

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 Chapter III
METHODOLOGY

This chapter presented the methods that the researchers undertook to

conduct the study with the system of development life cycle as basis.

Project Development

The following materials were used in the development of the proposed

system entitled “Mobile Buy and Sell Transaction Processing System”.

Table 1. Hardware Requirements

ITEMS SPECIFICATIONS

Processor Core i3 Processor

Memory 4GB DDR3

Hard Disk 1TB HDD

Power Supply ATX Casing w/ Power Supply 600W

Monitor 14 LED Monitor

Smartphones Qualcomm Snapdragon 450 Octa-core

Processor 8xA53 1.8GHz, Adreno 506,

EMUI 8.2(Android 8.1), 4GB+64GB ROM

Table 1. Shows the hardware requirements needed for the system; this includes

the minimum hardware parts of computer to support the development process of the

system.

Table 2. Software Requirements

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 ITEMS SPECIFICATIONS

Programming Language (front-end) PHP5.5.28 Programming (PHP Hypertext

Preprocessor)

Web Scripting Languages HTML, CSS, JavaScript (Bootstrap)

Web Designing Tools Adobe Photoshop CS6

Database Application (back-end) MySQL5.5.28

Operating System Windows 10, Android 8.1

Domain Name (URL)

Table 2. Shows the software requirements needed to develop the system; this

includes the minimum operating system, front end and backend software as well as the

domain name needed to deploy the system online

Table 3. Budgetary Requirements

Quantity Unit Description Unit Price Total Cost (PHP)

(PHP)

A. Software

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 1 Unit Windows 10 3,000.00 3,000.00

1 Unit MySQL5.5.28 3,000.00 3,000.00

1 Unit PHP5.5.28 Application 2,000.00 2,000.00

1 Unit Adobe Photoshop CS6 1,500.00 1,500.00

1 Unit Domain 1,500.00 1,500.00

B. Hardware

1 Unit Asus X415M 19,995.00 19,995.00

1 Unit Huawei y7 lite (2019) 9,999.00 9,999.00

1 Unit Epson Black (Printer) 3,500.00 3,500.00

Supplies and Materials

Short couponed bond

5 Reams 180.00 900.00
paper (substance 20)

4 Bottle Ink Black 400.00 800.00

Subtotal: 46,194.00

Contingency (10% of the grand total) 4,619.04

Grand Total Php 51,413.04

Table 3. Shows an itemized summary of estimated or intended expenditures for

a given period along with proposals for financing during a period of the study; this

includes the rate of spending required to meet the budget forecasts.

Project Schedule of the Study

29
 Figure 2. The Gantt chart of the Study

Figure 2. Shows the timeline, tasks and duration of the project and the expected

completion date.

Methods to be used in Developing the System Agile Software Development

Methodology was developed to ensure satisfaction of the requirements among existing

computerized system. It was a methodology construction to make sure that the

requirements, planning, development and implementation, testing of the system follows

logical approach and technical ways.

Figure 3. Agile Software Development Methodology

The researchers provided a letter of permission to the business

establishment named Faeldonia Buy and Sell Norala, South Cotabato, wherein the

study was conducted as an initial step. The researchers started from identifying the

requirements and determining the problem.

The researchers found out that the needs to enhance their current system

for buy and sell transactions were very important. The researchers created a project

title, formulated project objectives, scope and project schedules of the project. The

researchers recognized and identified the problems arising in the design and

30
development of the proposed system entitled Mobile Based Buy and Sell Transaction

Processing System.

Sprint 1 (Information Management.)

The researchers will plan and design interface for administrator to manage

the product information about farmers and farmer’s information and scaler information.

In the development of the system, the researchers came up with the design output of

the proposed study, it has features where it can perform add, edit, delete, update. The

researcher follows its prototype to come up with the feature. The researchers utilized

the PHP5 server-side scripting language as frontend and MySQL5.1 as backend. In the

first objective the system will allow the owner to manage the information input inside the

system to test portion will be conducted on the establishments and some participants of

SKSU students. On the review cycle the system will be tested on its compatibility and

provide solution into the business.

Sprint 2 (Farmer’s products and rice crop production)

The researchers will design and develop an interface for farmer where

user can register and login with their valid account on the system. After login, the farmer

can view available product and can place an order with this development of the system,

the researchers use the manual method as basis in which the researchers gathered the

information from the current system. It has features where it can perform add, edit,

31
delete, update. It will be tested after the development of the system; the review phase

will undergo afterwards.

Sprint 3 (Farmer’s production and purchased products.)

The researchers will plan, design and develop an interface where the

administrator will notify farmers purchased product or farmers’ rice crop production. In

this development of the system, it has a feature where the user can search and update

information. The researchers came up with the design prototype of the proposed study

then applied the procedures. In this phase the owner can evaluate the systems

usefulness and its efficiency, the inventory and deliveries data can be managed well

and it can help the owner in terms of decision making. The test phase will be conducted

when the system is now on this stage and be reviewed by the owner and its customer

whether it solved the issues presented.

Sprint 4 (Scaler rice crop sales information)

The researchers will plan, design and develop an interface for where user can

manage rice crop production sales of farmer.

In this development of the system, the researchers use the manual method as

basis in which the researchers gathered the information from the organization.

It has features where it can manage the rice crop sales of the farmer by clicking

those intended deduction to their rice crop production sell of the farmer, wherein it can

32
perform to send information by clicking send button after they finish the sacks through

identifying the deduction every sacks. The researcher follows its prototype to come up

with the feature. The researchers came up with the design output of the proposed study

then applied the procedures based on the flow of transactions.

The system will be tested by the end-users to ensure the satisfactions of the

system. The researcher will train the end-users how to use the system properly.

Sprint 5 (Generated Reports)

Furthermore, the system provides the following generated reports such as list of

products, list of farmers, payment receipt, sales and inventory report, income statement,

statistical reports (monthly) saleable products. The researchers will conduct a series of

testing to check if there’s an error in the system. When the system is already free from

bugs or errors, it was evaluated according to its functionality, acceptability, accessibility

and accuracy to know if it really meets the system requirements. The researchers will

pilot tested the system and will conduct a training procedure with the system users.

33
Use Case Description

Table.4 Manage User’s Account Use Case Description

Use Case Name: Manage User’s Account

Scenario: The admin manages user’s account
Triggering Events: Admin is the one who handled the user’s details.
Description: For every user’s registered to the system, admin can
supervise and handle their accounts in terms of username
and passwords.
Actors: Admin
Related Use Case: None
Pre-Conditioned: User’s Information, username and password.
Post-Conditioned: Admin manage all the information, username and password.
Actor System
1. Admin take care all 1.1. System will show the
the user’s account add, update, delete
information. user’s account
Flow Of Activities:
2. Admin could view 2.1. System will validate
user’s account. the accounts it will
stored and display
user’s account.
Exceptional Condition: None.

Table.5 Manage Products Use Case Description

Use Case Name: Manage Products

Scenario: Admin is the one to fill up the product
Triggering Events: Admin add, update, delete products
Description: All items are supposed to be updated by the admin.
Actors: Admin
Related Use Case: None

34
Pre-Conditioned: Product name, product variety, price, must exist.
Sale item must exist
Sale must exist.
Post-Conditioned: Product is created and associated with costs per product.
Actor System
1. Admin fill up the 1.1. System will show
product item add, update, delete
information, amount product
Flow Of Activities: costing each product.
2. Admin could see and 2.1. System will validate
read products. the products also
stored and display
data.
Exceptional Condition: If system error they must addressed manually the products.

Table.6 Manage Farmer Information Use Case Description

Use Case Name: Manage Farmer Information

Scenario: Admin will cater all the farmer information
Triggering Events: Admin manage farmer information
Description: All farmer information is supposed to be update by the
admin.
Actors: Admin
Related Use Case: Scaler Information
Pre-Conditioned: Farmer’s name, address, and contact number must exist
Post-Conditioned: None
Actor System
1. Admin will enter 1.1. System will save
farmer information. the farmer
Flow Of Activities:
information
2.1. Admin could read 2. System will display farmer
farmer information information
Exceptional Condition: If system error they must addressed manually the products.

Table.7 Manage Scaler Information Use Case Description

Use Case Name: Manage Scaler Information

Scenario: Admin will cater all the scaler information
Triggering Events: Admin manage scaler information
Description: All scaler information is supposed to be update by the
admin.
Actors: Admin
Related Use Case: Scaler Information

35
Pre-Conditioned: Scaler name, address, and contact number must exist
Post-Conditioned: None
Actor System
1. Admin will enter 1.1. System will save
scaler information. the scaler
Flow Of Activities:
information
2. Admin could read 2.1. System will display
scaler information scaler information
Exceptional Condition: If system error they must addressed manually the products.
Table.8 Approved/Declined Farmer Production Sell and Purchased Products

Account Use Case Description

Use Case Name: Approved/Declined Farmer production sell and purchased

products.
Scenario: Admin will be deciding whether the product will be approved
or not.
Triggering Events: Admin interact with the farmers production sell and
purchased products.
Description: In every transaction that it made by the farmer admin will be
the only one to decide whether it could be approved or not.
Actors: Admin
Related Use Case: None
Pre-Conditioned: Product name, product variety, price and quantity must exist.
Farmer must exist
Scaler must exist.
Post-Conditioned: Transaction has been granted nor approved.
Actor System
1. Admin will verify the 1.1. System will save
product the verified product
Flow Of Activities: 2. Notify admin for 2.1. System will send
accepted approved verification to
product farmer

Exceptional Condition: If transaction doesn’t exist, system error, technical error, it

should be addressed manually.

Table. 9 Accept Farmer Payment Use Case Description

Use Case Name: Accept Farmer Payment

Scenario: Admin will accept farmer payment for the purchased product
Triggering Events: Accepting farmer payment is cash-to-cash basis
Description: Admin will accept farmer payment to close and store the
transaction in the buying side of the farmer.

36
Actors: Admin
Related Use Case: None
Pre-Conditioned: Receipts must exist.
Transaction must exist.
Post-Conditioned: Accepting farmer payment will be the end of the transaction
in the buying side of the farmer.
Actor System
1. Admin accepts the 1.1. System will store
farmer payment farmer transaction
Flow Of Activities: payment.
2. Admin could review 2.1. System will display
farmer transaction farmer transaction
payment payment
Exceptional Condition: Payment should be cash-to-cash basis it should not be
though any online banking.

Table. 10 Generate List of Products Use Case Description

Use Case Name: Generate List of Products

Scenario: Admin will generate the list of products
Triggering Events: Admin will be able to generate list of products
Description: Admin shall be the one to generate a list of products.
Actors: Admin
Related Use Case: None
Pre-Conditioned: Products Information must exist.
Post-Conditioned: List of Product
Actor System
1. Admin viewed 1.1. System will store
products farmer transaction
Flow Of Activities: payment.
2. Admin could review 2.1. System will display
farmer transaction farmer transaction
payment payment
Exceptional Condition: None.

Table. 11 Generate List of Farmers Use Case Description

Use Case Name: Generate List of Farmers

Scenario: Admin will generate the list of Farmers
Triggering Events: Admin generate list of Farmers
Description: Admin shall be the one to generate a list of Farmers.
Actors: Admin
Related Use Case: None

37
Pre-Conditioned: Farmer’s Information must exist.
Post-Conditioned: List of Farmers
Actor System
1. Admin viewed list of 1.1. System will save
farmers farmer information.
Flow Of Activities:
2. Admin could generate 2.1. System will display
list of farmers farmer information

Exceptional Condition: None.

Table. 12 Generate Payment Receipt Use Case Description

Use Case Name: Generate Payment Receipt

Scenario: Admin will generate payment receipt
Triggering Events: Admin generate payment receipt
Description: Admin shall be the one to generate the payment receipt.
Actors: Admin
Related Use Case: None
Pre-Conditioned: Transaction must exist
Receipt must exist.
Post-Conditioned: Payment Receipt
Actor System
1. Admin viewed payment 1.1. System will save
Flow Of Activities: receipt payment receipt
2. Admin generate payment 2.1. System will display
receipt payment receipt
Exceptional Condition: None.

Table. 13 Generate Sales & Inventory Use Case Description

Use Case Name: Generate Sales & Inventory

Scenario: Admin will generate sales & inventory
Triggering Events: Admin generate sales & inventory
Description: Admin shall be the one to generate the sales & inventory
Actors: Admin
Related Use Case: None
Pre-Conditioned: Sales must exist.
Product must exist.
Post-Conditioned: None
Actor System
Flow Of Activities: 1. Admin viewed sales & 1.1. System will save
inventory sales & inventory

38
 2. Admin generate sales 2.1. System will display
& inventory sales & inventory

Exceptional Condition: None.

Table. 14 Generate Income Statement Use Case Description

Use Case Name: Generate Income Statement

Scenario: Admin will generate income statement
Triggering Events: Admin generate income statement
Description: Admin shall be the one to generate the income statement
Actors: Admin
Related Use Case: None
Pre-Conditioned: Sales must exist.
Post-Conditioned: None
Actor System
1. Admin viewed income 1.1. System will save
statement income statement
Flow Of Activities:
2. Admin generate 2.1. System will display
income statement income statement

Exceptional Condition: None.

Table. 15 Generate Statistical Report Use Case Description

Use Case Name: Generate Statistical Report

Scenario: Admin will generate statistical report
Triggering Events: Admin generate statistical report
Description: Admin shall be the one to generate the statistical report
Actors: Admin
Related Use Case: None
Pre-Conditioned: Sales must exist
Post-Conditioned: None
Actor System
1. Admin viewed 1.1. System will save
statistical report statistical report
Flow Of Activities:
2. Admin generate 2.1. System will display
statistical report statistical report

Exceptional Condition: None.

39
Table. 16 Scaler Manage Rice Crop Sale Information Use Case Description

Use Case Name: Scaler Manage Rice Crop Sale Information

Scenario: Scaler will scale and manage the rice crop production sell.
Triggering Events: Scaler manage the rice crop production of the farmer.
Description: In every transaction that is sell by the farmer the scaler is
the one to manage the transaction.
Actors: Scaler
Related Use Case: None
Pre-Conditioned: Product name, product variety, price and quantity must exist.
Farmer must exist
Post-Conditioned: Scaler will scale al the rice crop production sale
Actor System
1. Scaler enter rice crop 1.1. System will verify
sale information of rice crop sale
farmer information of
farmer
2. Scaler will scale the 2.1. System will
Flow Of Activities:
farmer rice crop sale display rice crop
sale information of
farmer
3. Scaler will submit the 3.1. System will stored
scaled farmer rice crop and display data.
sale.
Exceptional Condition: If transaction doesn’t exist, system error, technical error, it
should be addressed manually.

Table. 17 Farmer Buy and Sell Rice Crop Product Use Case Description

Use Case Name: Farmer Buy and Sell Rice Crop Product
Scenario: Farmer will be starting a transaction either buy or sell
transaction
Triggering Events: Farmer should submit select a product base on their
decision and product variety.
Description: In every transaction that the farmer made it associated with
the receipt and a scaler whether it is a selling event of
farmer side.
Actors: Farmer, admin
Related Use Case: None

40
Pre-Conditioned: Product name, product variety, price and quantity must exist.
Farmer must exist
Scaler must exist.
Post-Conditioned: Transaction has been granted nor approved.
Actor System
1. Farmer enter 1.1. System will verify the
transaction and transaction and
product product
Flow Of Activities:
2. Farmer will be 2.1. System will display
notifying of transaction and
transaction that product
has been allow.
Exceptional Condition: If transaction doesn’t exist, system error, technical error, it
should be addressed manually.

Table. 18 Submit Rice Crop Production Sale Use Case Description

Use Case Name: Submit Rice Crop Production Sale

Scenario: Farmer will submit the rice crop production sell.
Triggering Events: Farmer should submit every rice crop production sell
transaction
Description: In every rice crop production sale farmer should submit the
info regarding to scaling.
Actors: Farmer
Related Use Case: None
Pre-Conditioned: None
Post-Conditioned: Scaler will be notified of rice crop production sale.
Actor System
1. Farmer submit the 1.1. System will
rice crop save the rice
production sale crop production
sale
Flow Of Activities: 2. Farmer will be 2.1. System will
notifying of rice display the rice
crop production crop production
sale been sale
accommodate by
the scaler
Exceptional Condition: Only the scaler will get the notification of rice crop
production sale of farmer that has been submitted.

41
Table. 19 Accept Payment Use Case Description

Use Case Name: Accept Payment

Scenario: Farmer accept payment for the rice crop production sell.
Triggering Events: Farmer accept payment cash-to-cash basis
Description: Farmer accept the payment to close and store the
transaction.
Actors: Farmer
Related Use Case: None
Pre-Conditioned: None
Post-Conditioned: Admin will notify of accepting the payment
Actor System
1. Farmer accepts the 1.1. System will store
payment and accepted
payment.
Flow Of Activities: 2. Farmer can review the 2.1. System will display
payment and it will the accepted
close the transaction payment
after accepting the
payment

Exceptional Condition: Payment should be cash-to-cash basis it should not be

though any online banking.

42
 TRANSACTION SUPPORT SYSTEM OF FAELDONIA BUY AND SELL

Figure 4. Use-Case Diagram of the Transaction Support System Of Faeldonia Buy

and Sell

43
 This figure shows between the activity transaction between the administrator,

farmer and the scaler.

Activity Diagram

Manage User’s Account

Figure 5. Manage User’s Account.

Manage Product

44
Figure 6. Manage Product

Manage Farmer’s Information

Figure 7. Manage Farmer’s Information

Manage Scaler Information

45
Figure 8. Manage Scaler Information

Approved/Decline Farmer Production Sell & Purchased Products

Figure 9. Approved/Decline Farmer Production Sell & Purchased Products

46
Accept Farmer Payment

Figure 10. Accept Farmer Payment

Generate List of Products

47
Figure 11. Generate List of Products.

Generate List of Farmer

Figure 12. Generate List of Farmer

Generate Payment Receipt

48
Figure 13. Generate Payment Receipt

Generate Sales & Inventory

Figure 14. Generate Sales & Inventory

Generate Income Statement

49
Figure 15. Generate Income Statement

Generate Statistical Report

Figure 16. Generate Statistical Report

50
Accept Payment

Figure 17. Accept Payment

Farmer Buy and Sell Rice Crop Products

51
Figure 18. Farmer Buy and Sell Rice Crop Product

52
Submit Rice Crop Production Sale

Figure 19. Submit Rice Crop Production Sale

Scaler Manage Rice Crop Sale Information

Figure 20. Scaler Manage Rice Crop Production Sale Information

53
Database Schema

Figure 21. Database Schema of the System

The Figure 21 shows the Database Schema for the system. It shows collection of

metadata that describes the relationships between objects and information in a

database.

54
Class Diagram

Figure 22. Class Diagram of the System

The Figure 22 shows the Class Diagram of the system. It shows the relationships

between objects to each other wherein, how they are interconnected with through the

process they might be.

55
Database Schema Description

Description
tblFarmer This is the tblFarmer where in the farmer will be the one
farmer_id int who transact the buy and sell products whether it can be
farmername varchar buy products nor sell rice crop product.
address varchar
contact varchar

Description
tblScaler This is the tblScaler where in the scaler is present if the
scaler_id int product is being sell by the farmer.
scalername varchar
address varchar
contact varchar

Description
tblAdmin This is the tblAdmin is supposedly manage all the
admin_id int transaction happening in the system every transaction is
transaction_id int being cater by the admin whether it could be buy or sell.
username int Admin is the responsible for all the transaction will may
password varchar do.

Description
tblSell This is the tblSell in this table this was the table wherein
sell_id int the agricultural enterprises sell two (2) different product
milledrice_id int milled rice and rice seedlings associated with their variety
riceseed_id int name for each product.
varietyname varchar

56
 Description
tblmilledrice This is the tblmilledrice in this table it is one of the
milledrice_id int products where the agricultural enterprises sell.
varietyname varchar
price double
quantity double

Description
tblriceseed This is the tblriceseed in this table it is one of the products
riceseed_id int where the agricultural enterprises sell.
varietyname varchar
price double
quantity double

Description
tblbuy This is the tblbuy in this table this was the table wherein
buy_id int the agricultural enterprises buy farmer rice crop
varietyname varchar production sale.
price double
quantity double

Description
tblproduct This is the tblproduct in this table this was the table
product_id int wherein it has buy and sell associated with the products
buy_id int that they want whether it comes from the buy or sell.
sell_id int
productname varchar
productprice double
productquantity double

57
 Description
tblpayment This is the tblpayment in this table for every transaction
payment_id int that it made it should associate with the payment in order
product_id int for the farmer to pay what transaction they did.
farmername varchar
scalername varchar
varietyname varchar
productname varchar
productprice double
productquantity double
date varchar
total double

Description
Tbltransaction This is the tbltransaction for every transaction that has
transaction_id int with it associate with their choices of their product
payment_id int whether it is buy or sell also when it comes to buy it
product_id int associates with the scaler in order for the agricultural
farmer_id int enterprises scale all those farmer rice crop production
scaler_id int sell.
transactiondate varchar

58
Evaluation Methodology

Evaluation of any system was a crucial part in its development. This

determines whether the system works properly, meet the objectives and satisfies the

users.

Research Design

The method of research used by the researchers was the descriptive method

of research, because this method describes the present situation base on the

impression of the respondents. This type of descriptive research was suitable in

knowing the large of different condition of the present situation of the study.

Methods of Research

This study was the descriptive method of research to evaluate the system’s

functionality, accuracy and effectiveness in attaining its objectives.

Respondents of the Study

The respondents of the study were composed of 50 randomly selected

respondents: business owner, employees and customers of the businesses as system

users of the system entitled: Mobile Base Buy and Sell Transaction Processing System.

59
Data Gathering Procedures

This study used a rating scale questionnaire to gather the needed data and

response to evaluate the system.

The rating scale questionnaire was used to evaluate the functionality,

accuracy and effectiveness of the system. It contains questions to evaluate all the

buttons, links, forms, etc. included in the system. It also contains the list of all system

objectives and deliverables that the researchers wanted the computed using the

formula below.

Data Gathering Instruments

This study used rating scale questionnaire to gather the needed data and

responses in evaluating the system. The final outcome was based on the determined

evaluation sheet of the respondents.

Questionnaire

The researchers utilized this instrument to attain the format of the current system

because it provided the chance to collect information from the respondents who were

contented with the whole system under the study.

Observation

This method was also used so that the researchers would obtain knowledge on

how the user react on the system and how to identify problem arising while using it.

Internet Research

Internet is also explored to know if similar studies have been done.

60
Statistical Tools and Treatment of Data

To evaluate the functionality, accuracy and acceptability of the system users, a 5-

point liker scale questionnaire was used.

A. For finding the percentage, the researcher used this formula

X = Ʃx

Where

X = mean

Ʃx= is some of all data value

N = is the number of data items in sample

Table 4. Rating scale used in the study

RATING Interpretation

61
 5 Strongly agree

4 Agree

3 Moderately Agree

2 Disagree

1 Strongly Disagree

B. The frequency counts and the percentage will be computed.

Wm = (1)FSD + (2)FD + (3)FMA + (4FA) + (5)FSA

WM = weighted mean

N = number of respondents

FSD = frequency of strongly disagree respondents

FD = frequency disagree

FMA= frequency of moderately response

FA = frequency agree response

FSA = frequency strongly agree response

Table 5. Interpretative scale used to interpret the weighing mean

Range of Mean Description

62
4.20 – 5.00 Very functional, accurate, accessible

3.40 – 4.19 Functional, accurate, accessible

2.60 – 3.39 Moderately functional, accurate, accessible

1.80 – 2.59 Less functional, accurate, accessible

1.00 – 1.79 Less functional, accurate, accessible

63