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Lab 2

This experiment aimed to determine the concentration of an unknown potassium permanganate solution using UV-visible spectrophotometry. Standard potassium permanganate solutions of known concentrations from 10-50 ppm were prepared and their absorbances measured. A calibration curve of concentration versus absorbance was generated. The unknown solution was then measured and its concentration determined from the calibration curve as 37.75 ppm. Potential errors in the experiment are also discussed.

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11 views

Lab 2

This experiment aimed to determine the concentration of an unknown potassium permanganate solution using UV-visible spectrophotometry. Standard potassium permanganate solutions of known concentrations from 10-50 ppm were prepared and their absorbances measured. A calibration curve of concentration versus absorbance was generated. The unknown solution was then measured and its concentration determined from the calibration curve as 37.75 ppm. Potential errors in the experiment are also discussed.

Uploaded by

231474978
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment: 2

Title of the Experiment: To find the concentration of an unknown sample of


potassium permanganate solution using UV- VISIBLE

1. Introduction:

In biochemistry, ultraviolet (UV)-visible spectrophotometry is frequently used to


identify species and investigate biochemical processes. Because the majority of
biological compounds absorb in the UV-visible range or can be changed into an
absorbent derivative, this technique allows for the detection of substance micromolar
concentrations and has a wide range of applications in this field. On the other hand, this
frequently leads to interferences during the identification of the target compound. These
interferences are reduced by using either differential or, to a lesser extent, derivative
spectrophotometry, particularly when there is strong background absorption.

2. Apparatus and Chemicals:


Chemicals: potassium permanganate
Water
Apparatus: 50 ml conical flasks (5)
250 ml conical flask (1)
Beakers
Pipette
3. Safety Information:
o Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Always wear appropriate PPE such
as gloves, eye protection (safety glasses or goggles), and a lab coat or apron
to protect your skin and eyes from contact with K2Cr2O7.

o Storage: K2Cr2O7 should be stored in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area


away from other chemicals, acids, and flammable materials.

o Handling: K2Cr2O7 should be handled with care as it is a highly toxic and


corrosive substance. Always use proper tools such as tongs, scoops, or
pipettes to handle the substance.

o Dilution: When diluting K2Cr2O7, always add the acid or water to the
K2Cr2O7 slowly while stirring. Never add water to K2Cr2O7 as it can
cause a violent reaction.

o Disposal: K2Cr2O7 solutions should be neutralized before disposal to


prevent the formation of dangerous gases. Follow proper disposal
guidelines for hazardous waste
Experimental Setup:
o Wash all the apparatus before use
o Prepare different ppm solutions for potassium permanganate in a 50 ml conical
flask
o From 10 ppm to 50 ppm
o Run it in the UV visible spectrometer b the following procedure
o Go to UV visible software
o Go to setup and add baseline
o Set the wavelength from 200nm-800nm
o Run all the concentrations in the UV starting from the lowest concentration
o Note the readings from the graph that appears
o Fill the cell to the 3/4th and wash every time with the concentration you are
using
o At the end run the unknown concentration
o Predict the concentration of the unknown from the graph of concentration
against the absorption

4. Experiment Findings:
o for 10 ppm:
C1V1 = C2V2
100*V1 = 10*50
V1 = 10*50/100 = 5

o For 20 ppm
100*V1= 20*50
V1= 20*50/100 = 10

o For 30 ppm
100*V1 = 30*50
V1 = 30*50/100 = 15

o For 40 ppm
100*V1 = 40*50
V1= 40*50/100 = 20

o For 50 ppm
100* V1=50*50
V1= 50*50/100 = 25
1.2
y = 0.0223x
1 R² = 0.9893
0.8

0.6
Absorbance

0.4

0.2

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Concentration ppm

• A= 0.0223C
C= A/0.0223
C= 0.842/ 0.0223
C= 37.75 ppm

5. Conclusion:
.The concentration of unknown is 37.75 ppm.

6. Possible errors and their mitigation:


o Parallax error
o syntax error
o Precision and accuracy problem
o impurities

7. Application of this activity to real-world problem


Here is a list of a few typical uses for UV-VIS spectroscopy: A way to keep track
of the status of a chemical reaction is through the absorption of a reactant or
product at a fixed wavelength. It is also possible to conduct clinical research
utilizing an indirect measurement of the processes characterized by enzymes.

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