Table of Contents

Chapter 1....................................................................................................................................................... 6
Introduction to Multimedia & its Application............................................................................................... 6
1.1 Multimedia .............................................................................................................................................. 6
1.2 Components of Multimedia .................................................................................................................... 6
1.2.1 Text .................................................................................................................................................. 6
1.2.2 Graphics- .......................................................................................................................................... 6
1.2.3 Audio- ............................................................................................................................................... 7
1.2.4 Video- ............................................................................................................................................... 7
1.2.5 Animation- ....................................................................................................................................... 7
1.3 Applications of Multimedia ..................................................................................................................... 7
1.3.1 Education ......................................................................................................................................... 7
1.3.2 Entertainment .................................................................................................................................. 7
1.3.3 Marketing ......................................................................................................................................... 8
1.4. File Formats for multimedia .................................................................................................................. 8
1.4.1 Text Formats .................................................................................................................................... 8
1.4.2 Image Formats .......................................................................................................................... 9
1.4.3 Digital Audio File Formats .............................................................................................................. 10
1.4.4 Digital Video File Formats .............................................................................................................. 10
1.5 Microsoft Publisher ............................................................................................................................... 10
1.5.1 Features of Microsoft Publisher..................................................................................................... 11
1.5.2 Functionality of Microsoft publisher.............................................................................................. 12
Exercise ................................................................................................................................................... 18
CHAPTER 2 .................................................................................................................................................. 21
Urdu Software (InPage) and Urdu, Hindi DTP ............................................................................................. 21
Please refer the separate book provided for this Chapter ......................................................................... 21
Chapter 3..................................................................................................................................................... 22
CorelDraw ................................................................................................................................................... 22
3.1 Introduction to CorelDraw .................................................................................................................... 22
3.2 Uses of CorelDraw................................................................................................................................. 22
3.3 Fundamental Tools................................................................................................................................ 22
3.3.1 CorelDraw Workspace ................................................................................................................... 22
3.3.2 Creating a new document .............................................................................................................. 26
3.3.3 Opening an existing document ...................................................................................................... 26
3.3.4 Saving the File ................................................................................................................................ 26
3.4 Creating Artistic Text............................................................................................................................. 27
3.4.1 Steps to add artistic text ................................................................................................................ 27
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 3.4.2 Adding text outside an object ........................................................................................................ 27
3.4.3 Adding text inside an object .......................................................................................................... 27
3. 5 Working with Shapes ........................................................................................................................... 27
3.5.1 Creating rectangles and squares .................................................................................................... 27
3.5.2 Creating ellipses and circles ........................................................................................................... 28
3.5.3 Creating polygons and stars ........................................................................................................... 28
3.5.4 Creating spirals............................................................................................................................... 28
3.5.5 Creating grids ................................................................................................................................. 29
3.5.6 Creating predefined shapes ........................................................................................................... 29
3.6 Controlling the CorelDraw Environment .............................................................................................. 29
3.7 Setting up Page Layout ......................................................................................................................... 30
3.7.1 Defining Page size .......................................................................................................................... 30
3.7.2 Defining Page Orientation.............................................................................................................. 31
3.7.3 Defining Page Layouts .................................................................................................................... 31
3.7.4 Choosing a page background ......................................................................................................... 31
3.7.5 Adding, duplicating, renaming and deleting pages ....................................................................... 31
3.7.6 Inserting Page numbers ................................................................................................................. 31
3.8 Defining Outlines................................................................................................................................... 32
3.8.1 Creating Outlines ........................................................................................................................... 32
3.8.2 Defining Outline width from the Outline Flyout ............................................................................ 32
3.8.3 Defining Default Outlines ............................................................................................................... 32
3.9 Mixing Up Fills ....................................................................................................................................... 32
3.9.1 Uniform Fills ................................................................................................................................... 32
3.9.2 Fountain Fills .................................................................................................................................. 33
3.9.3 Pattern and Texture Fills ................................................................................................................ 33
3.9.4 PostScript Fills ................................................................................................................................ 33
3.9.5 Mesh Fills ....................................................................................................................................... 34
3.9.6 Smart Fill ........................................................................................................................................ 34
3.10 Drawing and editing freehand curves ................................................................................................. 34
3.10.1 Freehand Curves .......................................................................................................................... 35
3.10.2 Closed Curves ............................................................................................................................... 35
3.11 Bezier Curves....................................................................................................................................... 35
3.11.1 Drawing curves with the Bezier tool ............................................................................................ 35
3.11.2 Editing Bezier Curves ................................................................................................................... 35
3.12 Working with shapes and curves ........................................................................................................ 35
3.12.1 Selecting and moving nodes ........................................................................................................ 35
3.12.2 Adding and removing nodes ........................................................................................................ 36

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3.13 Special effects and Bitmaps ................................................................................................................ 36
3.14 Working with Bitmap Images .............................................................................................................. 36
3.14.1 Cropping bitmaps ......................................................................................................................... 36
3.14.2 Changing the dimensions and resolution of bitmaps .................................................................. 36
3.14.3 Applying Special effects in bitmaps ............................................................................................. 37
3.15 Lenses and Power Clips ....................................................................................................................... 37
3.15.1 Types of lenses in CorelDraw ....................................................................................................... 38
3.15.2 Steps to apply a lens .................................................................................................................... 38
3.15.3 Editing lenses ............................................................................................................................... 38
3.15.4 Creating a Power Clip object ........................................................................................................ 39
3.15.5 Converting a PowerClip frame back to an Object ........................................................................ 39
3.15.6 Editing the contents inside a PowerClip frame ............................................................................ 39
3.16. Blends and Contours .......................................................................................................................... 40
3.16.1 Steps to Blend objects.................................................................................................................. 40
3.16.2 Copy or Clone a blend .................................................................................................................. 40
3.16.3 Removing a blend ........................................................................................................................ 40
3.16.4 Steps to Contour objects.............................................................................................................. 41
3.16.5 Copy or Clone a Contour .............................................................................................................. 41
3.16.6 Separating an object from its contour lines................................................................................. 41
3.16.7 Removing a contour ..................................................................................................................... 42
3.17 Working with perspective ................................................................................................................... 42
3.17.1 Steps to apply a perspective ........................................................................................................ 42
3.17.2 Copy an object’s perspective effect ............................................................................................. 42
3.17.3 Removing a perspective ............................................................................................................... 42
3.18 Designing with Paragraph Text ........................................................................................................... 42
3.18.1 Steps to add paragraph text ........................................................................................................ 42
3.18.2 Formatting text ............................................................................................................................ 43
3.19 Managing Layers and Pages ................................................................................................................ 44
Managing Layers ......................................................................................................................................... 44
3.19.1 Creating Layers............................................................................................................................. 44
3.19.1.1 Local layers and master layers .............................................................................................. 44
3.19.1.2 Steps to create a layer .......................................................................................................... 45
3.19.2 Changing layer properties ............................................................................................................ 45
3.19.3 Moving and Copying layers ..................................................................................................... 46
Managing Pages .......................................................................................................................................... 46
3.19.4 Setting the page layout ................................................................................................................ 46
3.19.5 Setting page background ............................................................................................................. 47

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 3.19.6 Adding, deleting, renaming and duplicating pages................................................................. 47
3.20 Importing and exporting objects ........................................................................................................ 48
3.20.1 Importing objects ......................................................................................................................... 48
3.20.2 Exporting objects ......................................................................................................................... 48
3.21 Printing ................................................................................................................................................ 49
3.21.1 Steps to print a document ........................................................................................................... 49
3.22 From CorelDraw to the World Wide Web .......................................................................................... 49
3.22.1 Web-Compatible Graphics ........................................................................................................... 49
3.22.2 Steps to export a web-compatible bitmap .................................................................................. 50
3.23 Driving into PHOTO-PAINT .................................................................................................................. 50
3.23.1 Steps to edit a bitmap .................................................................................................................. 50
3.23.2 Painting text ................................................................................................................................. 51
3.23.3 Painting Bitmaps .......................................................................................................................... 51
3.24 Working with objects .......................................................................................................................... 51
3.24.1 Selecting objects .......................................................................................................................... 51
3.24.2 Transforming objects ................................................................................................................... 51
3.24.3 Aligning and distributing objects ................................................................................................. 52
3.24.4 Ordering objects .......................................................................................................................... 53
3.24.5 Grouping objects .......................................................................................................................... 53
3.25 Working with Masks ........................................................................................................................... 53
3.25.1 Mask modes ................................................................................................................................. 54
3.25.2 Mask tools .................................................................................................................................... 54
Exercises .................................................................................................................................................. 55
Chapter 4..................................................................................................................................................... 58
Photoshop and Flash................................................................................................................................... 58
4.1 Introduction to Photoshop ................................................................................................................... 58
4.2 Uses of Photoshop ................................................................................................................................ 58
4.3 Fundamental Tools................................................................................................................................ 58
4.3.1 Photoshop Work area .................................................................................................................... 58
4.4 Image Manipulation .............................................................................................................................. 60
4.4.1 Adjusting Image size and Resolution ............................................................................................. 60
4.4.2 Cropping the images ...................................................................................................................... 61
4.4.3 Image Adjustment.......................................................................................................................... 61
4.5 Designing Images for web pages........................................................................................................... 61
4.6 Using Image Ready ................................................................................................................................ 62
4.7 Scanner & Printer .................................................................................................................................. 63
4.8 File ...................................................................................................................................................... 64

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 4.8.1 Creating a new file .................................................................................................................. 64
4.8.2 Opening an already existing file ..................................................................................................... 65
4.8.3 Saving an image ............................................................................................................................. 66
4.9 Edit ........................................................................................................................................................ 66
4.9.1 Transforming objects ..................................................................................................................... 66
4.9.2 Fill a layer with color ...................................................................................................................... 67
4.10 Image................................................................................................................................................... 67
4.10.1 Options under Image menu ......................................................................................................... 67
4.11 Layer .................................................................................................................................................... 68
4.11.1 Creating a new layer .................................................................................................................... 68
4.11.2 Duplicating a layer ....................................................................................................................... 68
4.11.3 Deleting a layer ............................................................................................................................ 69
4.12 Select ................................................................................................................................................... 69
4.13 Filter .................................................................................................................................................... 69
4.13.1 Steps to apply filter ...................................................................................................................... 69
4.13.2 Various Filters in Photoshop ........................................................................................................ 70
4.14 View .................................................................................................................................................... 72
4.15 Window ............................................................................................................................................... 73
4.16 Advance Tools ..................................................................................................................................... 73
4.16.1 Healing tool .................................................................................................................................. 73
4.16.2 Smudge Tool ................................................................................................................................ 73
4.16.3 Blur Tool ....................................................................................................................................... 74
4.16.4 Sharpen Tool ................................................................................................................................ 74
4.16.5 Dodge Tool ................................................................................................................................... 74
4.16.6 Clone Tool .................................................................................................................................... 75
4.16.7 Red eye correction tool................................................................................................................ 75
4.16.8 Blending Modes ........................................................................................................................... 75
4.17 Flash .................................................................................................................................................... 76
4.18 Creating a Flash Document ................................................................................................................. 76
4.19 Reviewing the Interface ...................................................................................................................... 77
4.20 Using the Primitive Tools .................................................................................................................... 78
4.21 Creating key frames ............................................................................................................................ 80
4.22 Tweening ............................................................................................................................................. 81
4.23 Introduction to Illustrator and Dreamweaver .................................................................................... 81
4.23.1 Illustrator ..................................................................................................................................... 81
4.23.2 Dreamweaver............................................................................................................................... 82
Exercises .................................................................................................................................................. 84

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Chapter 1

Introduction to Multimedia & its Application

1.1 Multimedia

The word multi and media are combined to form the word multimedia. The word “multi” signifies
“many.” Multimedia is a type of medium that allows information to be easily transferred from one
location to another. Multimedia is the presentation of text, pictures, audio, and video with links
and tools that allow the user to navigate, engage, create, and communicate using a computer.
Multimedia refers to the computer-assisted integration of text, drawings, still and moving
images(videos) graphics, audio, animation, and any other media in which any type of information
can be expressed, stored, communicated, and processed digitally.
To begin, a computer must be present to coordinate what you see and hear, as well as to interact
with. Second, there must be interconnections between the various pieces of information. Third,
you’ll need navigational tools to get around the web of interconnected data. Multimedia is being
employed in a variety of disciplines, including education, training, and business.

1.2 Components of Multimedia

Multimedia consists of the following 5 components:

1.2.1 Text- All multimedia productions contain some amount of text. The text can have
various types of fonts and sizes to suit the profession presentation of the multimedia software.
1.2.2 Graphics- Graphics make the multimedia application attractive. In many cases people
do not like reading large amount of textual matter on the screen. Therefore, graphics are used
more often than text to explain a concept, present background information etc. There are two
types of Graphics:
o Bitmap images- Bitmap images are real images that can be captured from devices
such as digital cameras or scanners. Generally, bitmap images are not editable.
Bitmap images require a large amount of memory.
o Vector Graphics- Vector graphics are drawn on the computer and only require a
small amount of memory. These graphics are editable.

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1.2.3 Audio- A multimedia application may require the use of speech, music and sound
effects. These are called audio or sound element of multimedia. Speech is also a perfect way
for teaching. Audio is of analog and digital types. Analog audio or sound refers to the original
sound signal. Computer stores the sound in digital form. Therefore, the sound used in
multimedia application is digital audio.
1.2.4 Video- The term video refers to the moving picture, accompanied by sound such as a
picture in television. Video element of multimedia application gives a lot of information in
small duration of time. Digital video is useful in multimedia application for showing real life
objects. Video have highest performance demand on the computer memory and on the
bandwidth if placed on the internet. Digital video files can be stored like any other files in the
computer and the quality of the video can still be maintained. The digital video files can be
transferred within a computer network. The digital video clips can be edited easily.
1.2.5 Animation- Animation is a process of making a static image look like it is moving.
An animation is just a continuous series of still images that are displayed in a sequence. The
animation can be used effectively for attracting attention. Animation also makes a presentation
light and attractive. Animation is very popular in multimedia application

1.3 Applications of Multimedia

Multimedia indicates that, in addition to text, graphics/drawings, and photographs, computer

information can be represented using audio, video, and animation.

1.3.1 Education
In the subject of education, multimedia is becoming increasingly popular. It is often used to
produce study materials for pupils and to ensure that they have a thorough comprehension of
various disciplines. Edutainment, which combines education and entertainment, has become highly
popular in recent years. This system gives learning in the form of enjoyment to the user. Many
computer games with focus on education are now available. Consider an example of an educational
game which plays various rhymes for kids. The child can paint the pictures; increase reduce size
of various objects etc. apart from just playing the rhymes. Several other multimedia packages are
available in the market which provide a lot of detailed information and playing capabilities to kids.

1.3.2 Entertainment
The usage of multimedia in films creates a unique auditory and video impression. Today,
multimedia has completely transformed the art of filmmaking around the world. Multimedia is the
only way to achieve difficult effects and actions.The entertainment sector makes extensive use of
multimedia. It’s particularly useful for creating special effects in films and video games. The most
visible illustration of the emergence of multimedia in entertainment is music and video apps.
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Interactive games become possible thanks to the use of multimedia in the gaming business. Video
games are more interesting because of the integrated audio and visual effects.

1.3.3 Marketing
Marketing, advertising, product demos, presentation, training, networked communication, etc. are
applications of multimedia that are helpful in many businesses. By using multimedia marketing of
new products can be greatly enhanced. Multimedia boost communication on an affordable cost
opened the way for the marketing and advertising personnel. Presentation that have flying banners,
video transitions, animations, and sound effects are some of the elements used in composing a
multimedia based advertisement to appeal to the consumer in a way never used before and promote
the sale of the products. The audience can quickly understand an idea when multimedia
presentations are used. It gives a simple and effective technique to attract visitors’ attention and
effectively conveys information about numerous products.

1.4. File Formats for multimedia

The following is an outline of current file formats used for the production and delivery of
multimedia data.

1.4.1 Text Formats

1. RTF
Rich Text Format is the primary file format introduced in 1987 by Microsoft with the specification
of their published products and for cross-platform documents interchange.
2. Plain text
Plain text files can be opened, read, and edited with most text editors. commonly used are Notepad
(Windows), Gedit or nano (Unix, Linux), TextEdit (Mac OS and so on. Other computer programs
are also capable of reading and importing plain text. Plain text is the original and popular way of
conveying an e-mail.

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1.4.2 Image Formats

1. TIFF (Tagged Image File Format)

This format is common in desktop publishing world (high quality output), and is supported by
almost all software packages. Recent versions of TIFF allow image compression, and the format
is comfortable for moving large files between computers.

2. BMP (Bitmap)
Initially this format is in use with Windows 3.1. It is quite large and uncompressed and hence BMP
is used for the high-resolution or large images.

3. DIB (Device Independent Bitmap)

This format which is similar to BMP, allows the files to be displayed on a variety of devices.

4. GIF (Graphics Interchange Format)

GIF is a compressed image format. Most of the computer color images and backgrounds are GIF
files. This file format is best suitable for graphics that uses only limited colors, and it is the most
popular format used for online color photos. 13-bit Color look up table is used by the GIF format
to identify its color values. This format is supported widely.

5. JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)

JPEG was designed to attain maximum image compression. It uses lossy compression technique,
where a compression method is referred that loses some of the data required for the image
reconstruction. It works good with photographs, naturalistic artwork, and similar material but
functions less on lettering, live drawings or simple cartoons.

6. TGA (Tagra)
It is the first popular format for high-resolution images. TGA is supported by Most of the video-
capture boards.

7. PNG (Portable Network Graphics)

An extensible file format for the less loss, portable and well compressed storage of raster images.
PNG acts as replacement for GIF and also replaces multiple common uses of TIFF. PNG works
good with online viewing applications like worldwide web, so it is fully streameable with a best
display option.

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1.4.3 Digital Audio File Formats
1. WAV (Waveform Audio File Format)
It is the most popular audio file format in windows for storing uncompressed sound files. In order
to attain the reduced file size, it can also be converted to other file formats like MP3.
2. MP3 (MPEG Layer-3 Format)
MPEG Layer-3 format is the most popular format for storing and downloading music. The MP3
files are roughly compressed to one-tenth the size of an equivalent WAV file.
3. OGG
A free, open source container format that is designed for obtaining better streaming and evolving
at high end quality digital multimedia. It can be compared to MP3 files in terms of quality.
4. AIFF (Audio Interchange File Format)
A standard audio file format used by Apple which is like a WAV file for the Mac.
5. WMA (Windows Media Audio)
It is a popular windows media audio format owned by Microsoft and designed with Digital Right
Management (DRM) abilities for copyright protection.
6. RA (Real Audio Format)
Real Audio format is designed for streaming audio over the Internet. The digital audio resources
are usually stored as a computer file in computer’s hard drive or CD/DVD. Besides the variety of
audio file formats available, the most common formats are wave files (.WAV) and MPEG Layer-
3 files (.MP3), WMA and RA.

1.4.4 Digital Video File Formats

1. AVI (Audio/Video Interleave)
AVI is the video file format for Windows. Here sound and picture elements are stored in alternate
interleaved chunks in the file.

2. MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group)

MPEG is a standard for generating digital video and audio compression under the International
Standards Organization (ISO) by the group of people.

1.5 Microsoft Publisher

Microsoft Publisher is the DTP software developed by Microsoft Co-operation, in reality, this is
an MS-Office part. Microsoft Publisher is an Office program that allows you to make professional
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documents such as newsletters, postcards, flyers, invitations, brochures, and more using built-in
templates.
It has many color schemes which you can apply to any of your Publication not only this you can
also prepare your own color scheme. If you don’t want to use the wizard, then you can prepare on
a Blank Page of this Publication in this you will find all the things like text image etc.

Figure 1.1

In the publisher drawing toolbar, you can design unlimited images with various facilities you can
even prepare an arrow which is also available in the PageMaker in the publisher you can enter the
text directly on the text frame or with any different text just like the way it is in any formatting you
can send it or export it on the word processor because it has the facility of format painter which is
not available on any other DTP package. In this, all the fonts related to the windows are available
automatically.

1.5.1 Features of Microsoft Publisher

These are the features available with Microsoft publisher:

• Technical-level effects for texts, shapes, and images.

• Capability to use high-quality image backgrounds.
• Mail merge tools.
• Personalization tools.
• Drag-and-drop picture importing and interchanging.
• Detailed ruler and guides for correct measurements.
• Document-sharing abilities.

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1.5.2 Functionality of Microsoft publisher
• The publisher is a useful software program used for desktop publishing.
• It allows you to operate characteristics such as page size, text, graphics, and borders.
• Publisher’s strong points are in its ability to bring altogether text and pictures to make
professional-looking flyers, brochures, handouts, and newsletters.

1.5.2.1 Start Page, Workspace

To open Microsoft Publisher, go to the Start menu and then in application opt Microsoft Office-
Microsoft Publisher. This has a one-type layout with other MS Office applications in that the main
toolbar (called a Ribbon) is on top of the workspace screen. When pressed on, these two tabs open
up new Ribbons that is surely dealing with art/graphics and text respectively.

Figure 1.2

1.5.2.2 Page Option

On the page Design, click a size and then in the page setup, click the options you like, and then
click OK. Use the choices in this dialog box to opt for a page size or develop a custom paper size
for your publication. When you opt a design template — for instance, Arrows or Banded — the
design appears superimposed on the page size.

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Figure 1.3

Figure 1.4

1.5.2.3 Drawing Aids

• From the Objects toolbar on the left side of the screen, select the required drawing tool.
• Place the center of the crossbar (+) where the line or shape should start.
• Select and drag the pointer in any direction to develop the object.
• Release the mouse button.
Example: If you want to make any drawing go-to tool and from there a drawing tool with arise
along with the image shape.
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Figure 1.5

1.5.2.4 Text, Paragraph, and rulers

On the Home tab, select the Paragraph launcher to see the Paragraph dialog box. Select the Spacing
tab. Under Line spacing, in the Between lines box, type or opt for the amount of spacing you like
between lines of text. Click Page Design > Guides > Grid and Baseline Guides. Press the Baseline
Guides tab. Under Horizontal Baseline, but the amount of space that you like between baselines in
the Spacing box. To see the baseline guides in your publication, click View, and then opt for the
Baselines check box.
Example: As shown below the workspace is having side rulers for perfection and the paragraph
can be shown well through the customize options available for it.

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Figure 1.6

1.5.2.5 Tables
Here you can click on the toolbar in the insert and opt table from there you will make a table
for example if you want to store the data in a list form then a systematic arrangement is done with
the help of the table:

Figure 1.7
1.5.2.6 Adding Pictures
• Click Insert > Picture > From File.
• In the Insert Picture dialog box, browse to search the picture that you want, and then select it.
• Click the arrow next to Insert, and then click Link to File.
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1.5.2.7 Built-In Templates

Figure 1.8

Catalog Pages
Example: If you like to make a catalog that will list a few products, then you might want to start
your catalog by opting one of Publisher’s pre-designed catalog publications. In the New
Publication, click Publications for Print, click Catalogs, and then select the design you want.

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Figure 1.9

We can design business cards, Invitation cards, brochures, banners, Flyers and many other options
are available to design many things with built –in templates.

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Exercise
Q1. Choose the correct option from the following questions:
1. Multimedia is combination of:
a. Text
b. Audio and Video
c. Graphics
d. All of the above
2. To make a good multimedia communication, you need:
a. Hardware and software
b. Good ideas
c. Talent and skill
d. All of the above
3. Which one is not a multimedia device?
a. TV System
b. A book having only text (no diagram)
c. A modern personal computer.
d. None of the above.
4. Which of the following is an example of hypermedia application?
a. World Wide Web
b. PowerPoint
c. Adobe Acrobat
d. All of the above.
5. The elements of multimedia are:
a. Video, animation, interactivity
b. Sound, video, animation, interactivity
c. Graphics, sound, video, animation, interactivity
d. Text, graphics, sound, video, animation, interactivity
6. Historically, the term “hypertext” was used when textured information was linked in
_________ ways.
a. Sequential
b. Real time
c. Non-sequential
d. Linear
7. Which picture file format can display more colors:
a. MPS
b. JPEG
c. GIF
d. All of the above
8. Which is the biggest audio file format?
a. WMA
b. WAV
c. MP3
d. SWF
9. Which image file format can be animated?
a. GIF
b. JPEG
c. CDR
d. TIFF
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10. Which one of the following is not a video file extension?
a. MP4
b. AVI
c. QT
d. JPG
Q2. State whether the following statements are True or False.
1. Pictures, photographic image and other artwork is called graphics or pictures.
2. Multimedia requires additional hardware which can handle sound, video etc.
3. Images are defined as visual representation of the information.
4. Clip Art is library of commonly used text.
5. Laser printers or plotters are used for output graphics in hardcopy.
6. Multimedia may include text-based elements.
7. Touch screen is basically a monitor that allows user to interact with computer by touching
the display screen
8. Animation is used to create movements on screen.
9. MIDI data is digitized sound.
10. Vector images use pixels to represent images.

Q3. Fill in the blanks:

a) Animation b) Microphone c) Multimedia d) Texts e) RAM
f) bitmapped g) Hypertext h) PNG i) Hypermedia j) MPEG-2

1. In __________presentation, more than one media is used to present information.

2. __________ are alphanumeric characters used to present information.
3. A digital photograph is _________.
4. _________ is a lossless file format.
5. When a digital image is currently being viewed on a computer screen, it is actively loaded
in ________.
6. _______ video compression is used to deliver high quality picture in DVD movies.
7. ________is a text based information, interlinked by means of relevant hyperlinks between
various sub topics.
8. ________deals with displaying a sequence of images at a reasonable speed to create an
impression of movement.
9. ________ is used for audio input to record a human voice or music or any type of sound
in a computer.
10. ________ consists of hypertext combined with still or moving images and sound.
Subjective Questions
Q1. What is Multimedia?

Q2. Explain the components of Multimedia.

Q3. What is role of multimedia in education.

Q4. Explain the role of multimedia in entertainment.

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Q5. What are the different digital audio file format which are used in multimedia?

Q6. Explain any two digital video file formats used in multimedia.

Q7. Explain different file formats used in multimedia.

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CHAPTER 2

Urdu Software (InPage) and Urdu, Hindi DTP

Please refer the separate book provided for this Chapter

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Chapter 3

CorelDraw
3.1 Introduction to CorelDraw

Mainly there are two types of graphics: Vector and bitmaps. Vector graphics are created using
mathematical statements and consists of paths having start and end points along with other curves.
A path can have points, lines, curves, and polygons. Bitmaps on the other hand consist of small
dots called pixels. Bitmaps images are also known as raster images. CorelDRAW is a vector
graphics editor developed and marketed by Corel Corporation.

3.2 Uses of CorelDraw

CorelDraw is a vector-based program, which means that it creates and handles images as
mathematically defined vectors. Vectors are objects with both magnitude (size) and direction
(angles, curvature and so on). The files that store CorelDraw images consist of lines, with
information on their location, direction, length, color and curves.
This software is mainly used for designing brochures, magazines, flyers, flexes, books, logos etc.
Defining images as a series of vectors is a more efficient way to work with them than defining
images as a huge number of individual pixels. This is because even a simple object might have
thousands of pixels, each individually defined, whereas the same image might be defined more
rationally as a small number of curve segments. Therefore, CorelDraw vector image files are
smaller than comparable bitmapped image files. Also the smooth curves are easy to define in
CorelDraw, unlike bitmaps, they will retain their smoothness and continuity even when enlarged.

3.3 Fundamental Tools

3.3.1 CorelDraw Workspace

The CorelDraw application window contains the following:

1. Title bar:
The title bar displays the name of the document that is currently open

2. Menu bar:
It is located below the Title Bar and contains pull down menus. Click on a menu title in the
menu bar to pull down the menu.

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3. Toolbox:
It contains tools for creating, filling and modifying objects.

Tool Name Description

Pick Tool It lets you select and transform objects

Shape Tool It lets you edit the shape of objects.

Crop tool It lets you cut unwanted areas of an image.

Zoom tool It lets you change the magnification level of

the drawing window.
Freehand It lets you draw curves and straight line
segments.
2-Point line tool It draws a straight line by drawing from the
starting point to the endpoint.
Bezier tool It draws curves one segment at a time
Pen tool It draw curves in segments and preview each
segment as you draw.
B-spline tool It draws curved lines by setting control points
that shape the curve without breaking it into
segments.
Polyline tool It draw connected curves and straight lines in
one continuous action
3-point curve tool Draw a curve by dragging from the starting
point to the endpoint and then positioning the
centre point.
Artistic Media tool It adds artistic brush, spray and calligraphic
effects by using freehand strokes
LiveSketch It sketches naturally and fluidly with
intelligent stroke adjustment.
Smart Drawing It convert freehand strokes to basic shapes or
smooth curves
Rectangle tool It lets you draw rectangles and squares

Ellipse tool It lets you draw ellipses and circles

Polygon tool It lets you draw polygons.

Star tool It lets you draw simple and complex stars

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Spiral tool It lets you draw symmetrical and logarithmic
spirals
Common shapes It lets you draw triangles, circles, cylinders
and other basic shapes.
Impact tool It add radial or parallel graphic effects

Graph paper tool It let you draw a grid.

Text Tool It lets you add and edit paragraph and artistic
text
Parallel dimension It lets you draw slanted dimension lines.
tool
Connector tool It lets you draw a line that connects two
objects.
Shadow tool It lets you apply shadow behind, below or
inside objects
Contour tool It applies a series of concentric shapes that
radiate into or out of an object.
Blend tool It blends objects by creating a progression of
intermediate objects and colors.
Distort tool It transform objects by applying push and pull,
twister and zipper effects.
Envelope tool It changes the shape of an object by applying
and dragging the nodes of an envelope.
Extrude tool It applies 3D effects to object by creating an
illusion of depth.
Block shadow tool It applies vector shadows to objects and text.

Transparency tool It partially reveal image areas underneath the

object.
Color eyedropper It sample colors and apply them to objects.
tool
Interactive fill tool It lets you apply various fills to objects.

Table 3.1

4. Document tab
A separate tab displays for each open document to quickly move between documents.
5. Drawing Window
The work area that lies outside the drawing page is known as Drawing Window. Graphic
images and other objects can be stored here as it is a non-printable area.
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6. Drawing Page
The rectangular area bounded by shaded box is called Drawing page. This is printable area
of the CorelDraw drawing window.
7. Property Bar
The property bar displays the properties about any selected object. The properties displayed
in this bar changes based on which object you have selected. If no object is selected in the
drawing window, it displays the information about drawing page such as document type,
page size, x-y coordinates etc.
The property bar can be dragged anywhere around the drawing window.
8. Docker
The window containing commands and other settings about a tool or a task. It is similar to
conventional dialog boxes but are more interactive.
9. Standard Toolbar
The standard toolbar contains icons for some frequently used commands such as New,
Open, Save, Print, Cut, Copy, Paste etc. The standard toolbar can be customized for adding
more tools/icons if required.
10. Color palette
This palette contains the color swatches for the document.
11. Status bar
The bar at the bottom of the application window that gives you information about object
properties such as type of object, outline and fill color. It also displays the location of the
cursor in x and y coordinates.
12. Document Navigator
The area at the bottom left of the application window using which one can navigate around
pages or add new pages.
13. Rulers
Rulers are used to draw, size and align objects precisely in a drawing window. You can
display or hide the rulers or move the rulers to a new position.

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Figure 3.1

3.3.2 Creating a new document

1. To create a new graphic image from scratch, click the New Graphic icon in the Welcome
window to CorelDraw dialog box.
2. Or go to the File menu-> Choose New
3. A blank CorelDraw window will appear.

3.3.3 Opening an existing document

An already existing drawing can be accessed using the recently used files window. Or do the
following steps:
1. Go to the file menu and choose Open. Or press the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+O
2. An Open Drawing dialog box will appear.
3. Specify the location and name of the desired file.
4. Click Open button to open the file.

3.3.4 Saving the File

CorelDraw files are saved with extension .cdr. The drawings can also be imported as image files,
PDF file or Adobe Illustrator file.
Follow the below steps to save a file:
1. Go to the file menu and choose Save option.
2. A Saving Drawing dialog box will appear.
3. Give a name to the file in the File name: box
4. Specify the location where you want to save the file
5. Click the save button.

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3.4 Creating Artistic Text
Two types of text can be created in CorelDraw: Artistic Text and Paragraph Text. Artistic text is
used to add a single line of text such as headings, titles etc. whereas paragraph text is used to add
long text such as paragraphs, brochures, pamphlets etc.

3.4.1 Steps to add artistic text

1. Go to the toolbox and click Text tool
2. Click anywhere in the drawing page and start typing.
3. The typed text can be selected using Pick tool and then dragged to change position of text.

Note: The artistic text can be converted to paragraph text by clicking Text menu and then choosing
Convert to paragraph text option.

3.4.2 Adding text outside an object

1. Create the object over which you want to write text.
2. Click the Text tool from the toolbox.
3. Take the cursor to the object’s outline
4. Click the object when the cursor changes to a curved line and start typing outside the frame.

3.4.3 Adding text inside an object

1. Create the object inside which you want to write text.
2. Click the Text tool from the toolbox.
3. Take the cursor to the object’s outline.
4. Click the object when the cursor changes to Insert in object option.
5. Start typing inside the text frame.

3. 5 Working with Shapes

CorelDraw lets you draw different shapes using following tools:
3.5.1 Creating rectangles and squares
Rectangle and squares can be created by dragging the rectangle tool. You can also use the 3-point
rectangle tool which lets you draw rectangles at an angle. Corners of the rectangle can be changed
to rounded, scalloped and chamfered corners using the property bar.

Figure 3.2
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3.5.2 Creating ellipses and circles
Ellipses and circles can be created by dragging the ellipse tool. You can also use the 3-point ellipse
tool which lets you draw ellipses at an angle. An ellipse can be changed to arc or pie shape using
the property bar.

Figure 3.3

3.5.3 Creating polygons and stars

Polygon can be created by selecting and dragging the polygon tool from the toolbox. The sides of
the polygon can be selected using the property bar. Also CorelDraw lets you draw two types of
stars: perfect and complex.

Figure 3.4

3.5.4 Creating spirals

Two types of spiral shapes can be created in CorelDraw: symmetrical and logarithmic. The distance
between each spiral is equal in case of symmetrical spirals whereas the distance between spirals
increases as the shape grows outwards in logarithmic spirals.

Figure 3.5

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3.5.5 Creating grids
A grid is made up of rows and columns which can be adjusted from the property bar. The grouped
set of rectangles formed by intersection of rows and columns can be break apart if required.

Figure 3.6

3.5.6 Creating predefined shapes

Basic shapes can be created using the collection of predefined shapes available in CorelDraw.
Certain shapes are: arrow shapes, banner shapes, callouts, flowcharts etc.

Figure 3.7

3.6 Controlling the CorelDraw Environment

The Standard Toolbar

Tool Name Description
New It open a new file

Open It is used to open an already existing file using Open

Drawing Dialog box.
Save It is used to save a file using Save Drawing Dialog box

Open from Cloud It lets you choose and open a document from the cloud

Save to cloud It lets you save and upload a document to the cloud

Print It opens the Print Dialog box

Cut It movies the selected object to the clipboard

Copy It copies the selected objects onto the clipboard

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Paste It pastes the copied objects onto the Drawing area

Undo It lets you undo your last action

Redo It lets you redo the last undone action
Import This command lets you import files of different format
into CorelDraw window
Export The command lets you export objects or files to other file
formats (Other than CorelDraw)
Publish to PDF It export the document to the PDF file format

Zoom Levels This drop down lets you adjust the zoom level of the
document
Full-screen It shows a full screen preview of the document
preview
Show rulers It shows or hide the ruler bar

Show grid It shows or hide the document grid

Show Guidelines It shows or hides the guidelines

Snap to Using this drop down you can select a method for
aligning objects on the page.
Application It lets you start other Corel applications
Launcher
Table 3.2

3.7 Setting up Page Layout

CorelDraw lets you specify the page size, orientation, scale unit and background of the drawing
page. Use Layouts menu from the menu bar to adjust the page layout:

3.7.1 Defining Page size

Page size can be specified using the preset page sizes available under the Page size drop down list.
A custom page size can also be specified if none of the presets available meet your requirements.
The custom page sizes can be saved as presets for later use.

Figure 3.8

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3.7.2 Defining Page Orientation
There are two types of orientation that can be applied to a page: portrait and landscape. The Portrait
and Landscape buttons on the property bar lets you change the orientation easily. The page’s width
is greater than height in landscape orientation and page’s height is greater than width in portrait
orientation.

3.7.3 Defining Page Layouts

The default page layout is full page in which one page is printed per sheet while printing. You can
choose other layout styles for your drawing, such as Book, booklet, Tent card, side-fold card and
Tri-fold brochure. These multipage layout styles split the page size into two or more equal parts.
Each part is considered a separate page. To set the page layout, go to Layouts menu -> Page Layout

3.7.4 Choosing a page background

You can choose a solid color, gradient, a texture design for the background of the drawing page.
Also a bitmap can also be used as the background. To set the background, go to layouts menu ->
Page background

3.7.5 Adding, duplicating, renaming and deleting pages

You can add, delete, duplicate and renaming pages in CorelDraw using Layout menu or using the
Navigation toolbar at the bottom.

3.7.6 Inserting Page numbers

Page numbers can be inserted on the Active Layer, on even pages, on odd pages or all the pages
using the Layout menu. Also the page numbers are automatically updated when you add or delete
pages in your document. The starting page number and page styles can also be adjusted before or
after you insert page number in the document.

Figure 3.9

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3.8 Defining Outlines

3.8.1 Creating Outlines

You can assign outline styles in several ways in CorelDraw. The CorelDraw environment usually
gives you multiple options for doing almost any task and same is true for creating outlines as well.
You can define outlines using a rollup, a flyout or from a property bar.

3.8.2 Defining Outline width from the Outline Flyout

The easiest way to assign an outline width to a selected object (or objects) is to click on the Outline
tool in the toolbox and choose from one of the presets available. The options you can choose from
are ¼ point, ½ point, 2 points, 8 points, 16 points or 24 points.

3.8.3 Defining Default Outlines

You can set default outline attributes by defining outline properties in the Outline Pen dialog box
with no object selected. After this, the Outline Pen dialog box presents you with three check boxes.
These check boxes define what kind of objects will be subjected to the outline you define. If you
choose all three, then the outline attributes you assign in the dialog box will apply to the outlines
of every object you draw.

Figure 3.10

3.9 Mixing Up Fills

CorelDraw enables you to apply different fills on objects. You can add solid colors, patterned,
textured and other fills to any selected closed object.

3.9.1 Uniform Fills

Uniform fill lets you fill solid colors in the objects which can be selected from the color palette in
the CorelDraw drawing window. If you are not constrained to a fixed color palette, you can mix
up custom colors from the Uniform Fill Dialog Box.
Uniform fill can be applied using one of the following ways:
• Using Interactive fill tool in the toolbox and then choosing Uniform fill button on the
property bar
• Using Uniform fill button in the fill section of the Object properties docker.

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3.9.2 Fountain Fills
Fountain fill lets you fill the object with more than one color which gives an effect of fading one
color into another. Fountain fills are also known as gradient fills. Based on how the colors are
spread within an object, you have four types of fountain fills:

• Linear Fountain fill

• Elliptical Fountain fill
• Conical Fountain fill
• Rectangular Fountain fill

Fountain fill can be applied using one of the following ways:

• Using Interactive fill tool in the toolbox and then choosing Fountain fill button on the
property bar.
• Using the object properties docker, Click the Fountain fill button to display and apply
fountain fill options.

3.9.3 Pattern and Texture Fills

Pattern and Texture fill can be used to fill objects with vector or bitmap or texture pattern as well
as two color fills. Bitmap pattern fill lets you fill an object with a bitmap, two color fill lets you fill
an object with any two colors that you choose and texture fill lets you fill an object with a texture.
CorelDraw offers you the galleries of two-colour, bitmap images or textures to choose from.
Pattern fill can be applied using one of the following ways:
• Using Interactive fill tool in the toolbox and then choosing pattern fill button on the
property bar.
• Using Pattern fill button in the fill section of the Object properties docker.

3.9.4 PostScript Fills

PostScript Fills can be defined using the PostScript Texture Dialog Box. Several attributes can be
changed while applying PostScript Texture fill such as the size, line width and the amount of gray
color that appears in texture’s foreground and background.
PostScript fill can be applied using the following way:
• Using Interactive fill tool in the toolbox and then choosing PostScript fill button on the
property bar.
• Using Object properties docker, click the flyout arrow on the Two-color pattern fill button
and click the PostScript fill button to display the postscript fill options.

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3.9.5 Mesh Fills
Using the mesh fill tool, you can fill an object by blending multiple colors or shades arranged over
a mesh grid. It lets you give unique effects to the object. The mesh fill grid can be edited by adding
or removing nodes as and when required.
Mesh fill can be applied by following the below steps:
• Select the object and click the Mesh fill tool.
• Specify the number of rows and columns for mesh in the grid size property in property bar.
• Adjust the grid nodes on the object if required
• Apply colors using the color palette to the mesh.

3.9.6 Smart Fill

Smart fill creates objects from overlapping areas and apply a fill to those objects. To apply smart
fill to objects, select the tool from the toolbox and then click inside the enclosed area that you want
to fill. A new object will be created from the enclosed area and will be placed on the top of existing
object. The fill and outline properties can be adjusted using the property bar.

Figure 3.11

3.10 Drawing and editing freehand curves

Freehand curves are drawn with the Freehand Drawing Tool. This tool lets you draw curves and
straight line segments. This tool is a part of flyout that also includes the Bezier tool, B-spline tool,
pen tool and 2-point line tool

Figure 3.12

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3.10.1 Freehand Curves
The process of drawing freehand curves is more freestyle. Select the freehand tool from the toolbox
and then click and draw on the drawing area.

3.10.2 Closed Curves

You can transform curves into closed curves. The closed curves objects can be filled with colors.
If the close curve button is grayed out on the property bar, it means your curve is closed. And if it
is not, click the close-curve button to join the end nodes of the curve. You can manually create a
closed curve by joining the starting and ending nodes of the curve.

3.11 Bezier Curves

The Bezier tool lets you draw curves one segment at a time by placing each node with precision.
Also the shape of each curved segment can be controlled. This tool makes it easier to draw more
detailed sketches. You can draw straight lines with the Bezier tool by clicking once to create a
starting node and then clicking again to create ending node for the line.

3.11.1 Drawing curves with the Bezier tool

To draw a curved segment, click where you want to place the first node and drag the control handle
to where you want to place the next node. Finally release the mouse button and drag the control
handle to create the curve.

3.11.2 Editing Bezier Curves

Bezier curve can be edited with either the shape tool or the pick tool. Bezier lines and curves
contain many nodes or control points. These nodes can be manipulated, dragged or pulled to draw
the shape you want. Thus, the advantage with Bezier lines and curves lies in the fact that they can
be modified after drawing them.

3.12 Working with shapes and curves

A curved object’s shape can be changed using the nodes and control handles. A curve object can
be a straight line or curved line. The nodes of an object are the small squares that appear on the
object’s outline. For example: Rectangles have four nodes, one for each corner.
Not all the objects added to a drawing window are curved objects. We can convert any object to
curve using ‘Convert to curve’ option on the property bar or you can just select the object, go to
the Objects menu -> Choose Convert to curves.

3.12.1 Selecting and moving nodes

You can move individual nodes of an object using the Shape tool. Multiple nodes can also be
selected and moved together if required. When a node is selected, control handles displays on the
object using which you can adjust the shape of the curved segment.
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3.12.2 Adding and removing nodes

Nodes can be added or deleted from the object as and when required. As we increase the nodes,
the number of segments in the object increases which gives more control over the object’s shape.
To add a node, select the shape tool and then right click over the object & choose Add Node. To
delete a node, right click over the object & choose Delete Node.

3.13 Special effects and Bitmaps

Vector graphic can be converted into a bitmap if required. Also one can import bitmaps in
CorelDraw on which special effects can be applied such as cropping, color correction, watermarks
etc. The process of converting a vector graphic to a bitmap is also known as rasterizing. To convert
a vector graphic to bitmap, perform the following steps:

• Select an object
• Go to Bitmap menu -> Choose Convert to Bitmap
• Specify a resolution for the bitmap
• Specify a color mode in the Color mode list box
• Select from any of the following check boxes:
o Dithered – offers more number of colors than those available
o Always overprint back – this option prevents gaps from appearing between black
objects and underlying objects when you print
o Anti-aliasing – It smooths the edges of the bitmap.
o Transparent background – It makes the background of the bitmap transparent.

3.14 Working with Bitmap Images

3.14.1 Cropping bitmaps

Cropping removes the unwanted area of an image. To crop a bitmap, perform the following steps:

• Select the bitmap

• Choose the crop tool from the toolbox
• Select the area you want to crop.

3.14.2 Changing the dimensions and resolution of bitmaps

Changing dimensions
The dimensions of bitmaps can be increased or decreased by changing the height and width of the
bitmap. Increasing the dimensions actually adds new pixels to the bitmap.
Changing bitmap resolution

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Resolution is the measure of number of dots per inch (dpi). Resolution of bitmap can be changed
to increase or decrease the file size. There are more number of pixels in a small per unit area if the
resolution of bitmap is higher and there are less number of pixels in a small area if the resolution
is low. Upsampling increases the resolution of a bitmap by adding more pixels in per unit area and
downsampling decreases the resolution of a bitmap by removing few pixels per unit of area.
Follow the below steps to change the dimensions and resolution of a bitmap

• Select the bitmap

• Go to Bitmaps menu -> Resample
• Specify a measurement unit for Width and Height of bitmap
• Specify a new value for width and height
• Check the Anti-alias check box to smooth out the edges of bitmap
• Specify the resolution by typing in values in the Horizontal and vertical boxes.
• Check the Maintain aspect ratio check box if you want to maintain the proportions.

3.14.3 Applying Special effects in bitmaps

• 3D Effects – It lets you create an illusion of depth

Art Strokes – It lets you apply a hand painting type of effect to the bitmap

• Blur – It lets you blur an image by reducing the sharpness of the image.
• Camera – It lets you create various camera lenses effects such as Colorize, Photo Filter,
Sepia Toning, Lens Flare, Lighting effects etc.
• Color Transform – It lets you create different photographic illusions by using color
transformation techniques. Effects that we can create are Bit planes, Halftone, Psychedelic
and Solarize.
• Contour – It lets you highlight and enhance the edges of an image.

3.15 Lenses and Power Clips

Lenses
The appearance of an object can be changed using lenses without affecting the actual object. The
properties of the object remain same even after applying lenses. Lenses can be applied to any vector
shape that we can create in CorelDraw.

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3.15.1 Types of lenses in CorelDraw

Lens Description

Brighten It lets you brighten and darken objects

Color add It lets you mix color of the objects, below the lens, with the color of the
lens. The color and amount of color to add can be adjusted.
Color limit It lets you view an object with only black and the lens color showing
through.
Custom color map It lets you change the colors of the object below the lens to a custom
color ranging between two colors you specify.
Fish eye It lets you magnify or shrink the objects below the lens
Heat map It creates an effect by simulating the heat levels of colors in the object
Invert It lets you invert the colors of the object below the lens
Magnify It lets you magnify an area of an object by the amount specified by you.
Tinted grayscale It lets you change the colors of object below the lens to grayscale
Transparency It gives your object a colored glass look.
Wireframe It lets you specify an outline and fill color of your choice for the area
below the lens.
Table 3.3

3.15.2 Steps to apply a lens

1. Select the object on which you want to apply lens
2. Go to Effects menu and choose lens. Alternatively, you can press Alt+F3 to open Lens
Docker window
3. Choose a lens type from the list box
4. Specify the other settings you want to apply.

3.15.3 Editing lenses

You can edit the lens anytime to change appearance of object. For example, viewpoint of a lens
can be adjusted to change what is being viewed through the lens.
1. Select the object
2. Go to Effects menu and choose lens.

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3. Enable the viewpoint checkbox on the lens docker.
4. Click Edit to display the viewpoint marker
5. Position the viewpoint marker in the drawing window to a specified location and click end.
6. To freeze the current view of the lens, enable the Frozen check box.
7. Click Apply.

Power Clips
Power Clip feature in CorelDraw lets you place objects and bitmaps inside other objects or frames.
A frame can by any object, shape or even artistic text. You can edit the contents or change the
position of contents inside the frame, after creating the Power Clip objects. Locking the Power Clip
contents lets you move the frame and its contents together.

3.15.4 Creating a Power Clip object

1. Select the object that you want to use as Power Clip contents. It could be any object or you
can import a bitmap into drawing window.
2. Go to Object menu -> PowerClip -> Choose Place inside frame
3. Click the Object that you want to use as frame.
4. Nested PowerClip object can be created by dragging the PowerClip object inside another
PowerClip object.

3.15.5 Converting a PowerClip frame back to an Object

1. Right-click the PowerClip frame.
2. Choose frame type and click none.

3.15.6 Editing the contents inside a PowerClip frame

1. Select the PowerClip object.
2. Click the ‘Select contents’ button from the PowerClip toolbar to select the contents.
3. Choose one of the options to position the contents inside a frame:
a) Center the contents inside the PowerClip frame.
b) Fit the contents proportionally inside the PowerClip frame.
c) Fill the PowerClip frame proportionally.
d) Fill the PowerClip frame by stretching the contents
4. Click the ‘Lock’ button to lock the contents inside the PowerClip frame.
5. Click ‘Extract contents’ button to separate the contents from the frame.
6. Click the ‘Edit’ button from the PowerClip toolbar to edit the contents
7. Click the ‘Finish’ button once the editing is done.

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3.16. Blends and Contours

Blending objects
This tool blends the objects by creating a progression of intermediate objects and colors. It is used
to add transition from one object to another. Transition can be in colors, shape and other properties.
The outline and fill colors of the intermediate objects shows a progression of colors through the
color spectrum.

3.16.1 Steps to Blend objects

1. Select the objects on which you want to apply blend.
2. From the toolbox, select the blend tool.
3. Specify a blend type from the toolbar:
a) Direct Blend: Set a direct color progression for the blend
b) Clockwise Blend: Blend by progressing clockwise through the color spectrum.
c) Counter clockwise Blend: Blend by progressing counter clockwise through the color
spectrum.
4. Blend can also be applied along a freehand path using the ‘New Path’ option from the
toolbar.
5. Also you can change the number of steps in the blend or adjust the spacing between steps,
change the starting and ending objects for the blend.

3.16.2 Copy or Clone a blend

1. Select the objects that you want to blend.
2. Click the blend tool from the toolbox to display blend properties on the property bar.
3. Click the ‘Copy blend properties’ button to apply the properties of another blend in the
document to the selected object.
4. Select the blend whose attributes you want to clone or copy.

3.16.3 Removing a blend

1. Select the object on which the blend is applied.
2. Click the ‘Clear Blend’ button on the property bar to remove the blend.

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Contouring objects
This tool creates a series of concentric shapes that radiate into or out of an object thereby giving
3D effect to the object. You can set the number and distance of the contour lines. The fill color
between the contour lines and outline color of contour can also be changed.

3.16.4 Steps to Contour objects

1. Select the contour tool from the toolbox.
2. Click the object on which you want to apply the contour effect.
3. Drag the handle inwards to create an inside contour or outwards to create an outside
contour.
4. Use the property bar to set the following contour properties:
a) To center: Apply a contour that fills the object.
b) Inside contour: Apply a contour to the inside of the object.
c) Outside contour: Apply a contour to the outside of the object.
d) Contour steps: Adjust the number of contour steps in the object.
e) Contour offset: Adjust the spacing between contours in the object.
f) Contour corners: Set the corner type for a contour from the three options: Mitered corners,
Round corners and Bevel corners.
g) Contour colors: Set a color progression for contour colors.
h) Choose an Outline and Fill color for the contours.
i) Object and color acceleration: Adjust the rates at which the size and color of objects
change in the contour.

3.16.5 Copy or Clone a Contour

1. Select the objects that you want to contour.
2. Click the Contour tool from the toolbox to display contour properties on the property bar.
3. Click the ‘Copy contour properties’ button to apply the properties of another contour in the
document to the selected object.
4. Select the object whose contour attributes you want to clone or copy.

3.16.6 Separating an object from its contour lines

1. Select the contoured object.
2. Go to object menu -> Choose Break Contour Apart or press Ctrl+K from the keyboard.

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3.16.7 Removing a contour
1. Select the object on which contour is applied.
2. Click the ‘Clear contour’ button on the property bar to remove the contour.

3.17 Working with perspective

This feature in CorelDraw enables you to give 3D look to the objects in one, two or three-point
perspective. Perspective effect can be created by shortening sides of an object using object nodes.
This effect can be added to a group of objects as well.

3.17.1 Steps to apply a perspective

1. Select the object on which you want to add perspective.
2. Go to Object menu ->Perspective -> Add perspective
3. Drag the nodes on the outside of the grid to apply effect.

3.17.2 Copy an object’s perspective effect

1. Select the object on which you want to add a perspective effect.
2. Go to Object menu -> Copy effect -> Perspective from.
3. Click the object from where you want to copy the perspective effect.
4. Effect will get applied on the selected object.

3.17.3 Removing a perspective

1. Select the object on which perspective effect is applied.
2. Go to Object menu -> Choose ‘Clear Perspective’.

3.18 Designing with Paragraph Text

In contrast to artistic Text which is used to add a single line of text such as headings, titles etc., the
paragraph text is used to add long text such as paragraphs, brochures, pamphlets etc.

3.18.1 Steps to add paragraph text

1. Go to the toolbox and click Text tool
2. Drag to create a text frame in the drawing window and then type inside the text frame.
3. The typed text can be selected using Pick tool and then dragged to change position of text.

Note: The paragraph text can be converted to artistic text by clicking Text menu and then choosing
Convert to artistic text option.

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3.18.2 Formatting text
Using the Text property bar, you can apply various formatting’s to selected text object. For more
formatting options, you can use Text docker window which can be opened using Window menu -
> Dockers ->Text
Text Property Bar options:
Property Description
Font Using this drop-down list you can apply fonts to the selected text
Font Size Using this you can change font size of selected text
Bold It applies the bold style to the selected text
Italic It applies the italic style to the selected text
Underline It underlines the selected text
Format Text It opens the format text dialog box
Convert Text It converts the selected text to artistic text or paragraph text
Table 3.4

Figure 3.13

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3.19 Managing Layers and Pages

Managing Layers

Layers can be used to organize and arrange objects in complex drawings. You can have more than
one layer on a page. Also you can choose to view only one layer at a time so that you can see part
of the drawing. If you don’t want few objects to be disturbed on the drawing, then you can make
the layer uneditable.

3.19.1 Creating Layers

3.19.1.1 Local layers and master layers

Object that belongs to a specific page is placed on a local layer. Object that belongs to all the pages
in a document can be placed on a master layer. Master layers are stored on a virtual page called the
Master page. Master layers can be created for all pages, for even pages or for odd pages.
Each new file is created with a default page and a Master page. The default page contains the
following layers:
1. Guides: Stores page-specific guidelines. All objects placed on the Guides layer appear as
outlines only.
2. Layer1: It represents the default local layer. All the objects you draw on a page, are added
to this layer.

The master page contains the following layers:

1. Guides (all pages): It contains the guidelines that are used for all the pages of the document.
All the objects placed on the Guides layer appear as outlines only.
2. Desktop: It contain the objects that are outside the borders of the drawing page.
3. Document grid: It contains the document grid that is used for all the pages of the document.
The document grid is always the bottom layer.

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Figure 3.14

3.19.1.2 Steps to create a layer

1. Go to Object menu and choose ‘objects’ to open the object manager docker.
2. To create a new layer, click the new layer button at the bottom of the Object docker.
3. To create a new master layer for all pages, click the new master layer (all pages) button at
the bottom of the Object docker.
4. To create a new master layer for all even pages, click the new master layer (even pages)
button at the bottom of the Object docker.
5. To create a new master layer for all odd pages, click the new master layer (odd pages)
button at the bottom of the Object docker.

3.19.2 Changing layer properties

Showing and Hiding layers
You can show or hide layers as and when required. The icons on the left of a layers’ name let you
control layer visibility. Hiding a layer also hides the objects on that layer.
Printing and exporting layers
You can enable or disable printing and exporting for a layer using the icon on the left of a layers’
name. If the printing and exporting property is enabled for a hidden layer, then that layer is
displayed in the final output

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Locking a layer
You can restrict editing of objects on the layer by locking the layer. Also locking prevents the
accidental changes to the objects.
Renaming layers
Layers can be renamed so that we can represent what is the content of the layer. Also it helps to
distinguish one layer from the other.

3.19.3 Moving and Copying layers

Layers can be moved or copied across a single page or multiple pages. As you move or copy the
layers, the ordering of layers can also be changed. The objects that belong to layer at the top in the
layer stack will display at the top.
1. Go to Object menu and choose ‘Objects’ to open the object manager docker.
2. To move a layer, drag a layer to a new position in the layer list.
3. To copy a layer, right click a layer in the layer stack that you want to copy and click ‘Copy’.
Then right click the layer above which you want to place the copied layer and click ‘Paste’.

Managing Pages

You can specify the page size, orientation, unit of scale and background of the drawing page. Page
grids and guidelines can be displayed in order to place objects at precise positions. Also you can
add, delete and navigate between pages. This is useful for creating multipage brochures or
newsletters.

3.19.4 Setting the page layout

Page Size
You can choose the page size from the presets available in CorelDraw. There are variety of presets
available ranging from legal-size to posters and webpages. Also you can create a custom page size
by specifying page dimensions which can be saved for later use.
Page orientation
There are two types of orientation that you can choose from: portrait and landscape. In portrait
orientation the page’s height is greater than its width and in landscape the page’s width is greater
than its height.

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Layout styles
The default layout style is Full page, in which each page in a document is considered a single page
and prints on one sheet. Layout styles for multipage drawings such as books and brochures can
also be selected. The multipage layout styles for Book, Booklet, Tent Card, Side-fold card and Tri-
fold Brochure, splits the page into two or more equal parts. Each part is considered as separate
page which can also be edited separately

3.19.5 Setting page background

You can set the page background to be a solid color or a bitmap. If you choose bitmap as the page
background, you can further specify whether you want to embed the image in the drawing or link
the bitmap so that if you later edit the source image, the change is automatically reflected in the
drawing.
To set the page background
1. Go to Layout menu
2. Choose page background option
3. Select the Solid option and choose a color to set a solid color as background for the drawing.
4. Select the Bitmap option and browse for a bitmap to set a bitmap as background for the
drawing. Also choose bitmap source type from one of the two options: Linked or
embedded.
5. If you want the background to be printed and exported with the drawing, enable the Print
and export background check box.
6. Specify the bitmap size by choosing from the following options:
a. Default size: It lets you use the bitmap’s current size.
b. Custom size: It lets you specify custom size by typing in H and V boxes.
7. To remove a background, choose No Background option.

3.19.6 Adding, deleting, renaming and duplicating pages

You can easily add and delete a single page or a range of pages in CorelDraw. Also you can rename
and duplicate existing pages. When you duplicate a page, you can choose to copy only the layer
structure of the page or to copy the layers and all objects they contain. You can use the Layout
menu to insert, delete, rename and duplicate pages.

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3.20 Importing and exporting objects

3.20.1 Importing objects

Files from other programs can be imported into CorelDraw. You can import pdf files, image files
or text files. The imported file is placed as an object in the CorelDraw drawing window.
Steps to import a file
1. Go to File menu and choose Import.
2. Specify the location where the file is stored
3. Specify the file name to be imported. Also you can choose a file format from the box next
to ‘File name’ box.
4. Then click the import button to import the file. You can drag on the drawing page to resize
the file or you can just click the drawing page to keep the original dimensions.

3.20.2 Exporting objects

Export option can be used to export CorelDraw files to a variety of bitmap and vector file formats.
Steps to export a file
1. Go to File menu and choose Export.
2. Specify the location where you want to save the file.
3. Specify a file format in the ‘Save as’ type list box.
4. Give a file name in the ‘File name’ box.
5. Use the checkbox to export only the current page from a multipage CorelDraw file.
6. Click the export button.
Exporting as PDF files
CorelDraw files can be exported as PDF file which can be easily viewed using a PDF reader. To
export a document as PDF, follow these steps:
1. Go to the File menu and choose Publish to PDF. This option is also available on the
standard toolbar.
2. Specify the location where you want to save the file.
3. Give a file name in the ‘File name’ box.
4. You can choose one of the PDF preset from the list available that applies some predefined
settings to you PDF file.
5. In the Export range area, specify the no. of documents/pages that you want to export.
a. Current document – It exports the current document.
b. Documents – It exports the documents that you specify.
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c. Selection – It exports the objects that you have selected.
d. Current page – It exports the active page.
e. Pages – It exports the pages that you specify.
6. Specify the page size properties in the ‘Page size’ area.
7. Click ok and then click Save.

3.21 Printing

CorelDraw lets you print one or more copies of the same drawing. It also gives you a complete set
of printer options that makes it easy for you to print business cards, labels and brochures. You can
choose an appropriate Page Layout before printing. CorelDraw’s Page Layout options dialog box
supports hundreds of label and card layouts from several major publishers. Also you can preview
you document before printing to show how the positon and size of the print will appear on paper.

3.21.1 Steps to print a document

1. Go to File menu and choose Print to open Print dialog box.
2. In the General Tab, choose the name of the printer from the Printer list box.
3. Specify a page size and page orientation from the Page list box.
4. Type the no. of copies you want to print. Check the collate check box if you want the copies
collated.
5. In the Print range area, enable of the following options:
a. Current Document – To prints the current document.
b. Current Page – To print the active page.
c. Pages – To print the pages that you specify.
d. Documents – To print the documents that you specify.
e. Selection – To print the objects that you have selected.
6. Click ok.

3.22 From CorelDraw to the World Wide Web

CorelDraw let you export objects that are optimized for viewing in a web browser. You can export
the following web-compatible file formats: GIF, PNG and JPEG.

3.22.1 Web-Compatible Graphics

Most web browsers can only interpret the images saved in the GIF, PNG or JPEG file formats.

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1. GIF – It is mainly used for line drawing, images with few colors or images with sharp
edges. It offers several advanced graphics options including transparent background,
interlaced images and animation.
2. PNG – This file format supports the alpha channel. It allows you to save transparent images
with superior results.
3. JPEG – It uses file compression to store an approximation of an image leading to some loss
of image data but the quality of photographs is not compromised.

3.22.2 Steps to export a web-compatible bitmap

1. Go to File menu -> Choose Export for -> Web

2. In the Export for web dialog box, choose preset settings for a file format from the Preset
list box.
3. Use the Settings drop-down to customize color, display options and size.
4. Use the transformations area to resize the bitmap while exporting. You can choose a
measurement unit and then specify the width and height accordingly.
5. You can also click ‘Maintain aspect ratio’ checkbox to avoid any distortion.
6. Click Save as.
7. Specify the location where you want to save the file.
8. Give a name to the file.
9. Click Save button.

3.23 Driving into PHOTO-PAINT

PHOTO-PAINT is a tool that works exclusively and expertly with bitmap images. We use this tool
to edit bitmap images. Files saved to the Corel PHOTO-PAINT file format are bitmaps that
represent shapes as pixels arranged to form an image. PHOTO-PAINT can be accessed from within
the CorelDraw. You can copy selected objects from PHOTO-PAINT and then paste them into your
drawing.

3.23.1 Steps to edit a bitmap

1. Select the bitmap that you want to edit using the pick tool.
2. Click the ‘Edit bitmap’ button on the property bar to start PHOTO-PAINT.
3. The selected image will get displayed in the PHOTO-PAINT window.
4. Modify the bitmap as you want to.
5. Click the ‘Finish editing’ button on the standard toolbar as you finish editing the image.

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3.23.2 Painting text
To create text, choose the Text tool. The mouse cursor changes from the object picker arrow to an
I-beam cursor. Position the I-beam cursor on the image surface and left click. A vertical line starts
to flash on your image surface. This is the text cursor that represents the size and starting position
of the text. Text properties such as font, size, character/line spacing can be changed using the
property bar.

3.23.3 Painting Bitmaps

Different effects can be applied to a bitmap to enhance the look of the image. For example: the
color structure of a bitmap can be changed by changing its color mode. The color characteristics
of images are described by its color mode. CorelDraw supports the following color modes: RGB,
CMYK, Grayscale, Black and white, Duotone, Lab color. Also the brightness and shadows of an
image can be controlled to make an image appear lighter or darker. The sharpness of an image can
be increased as well to enhance the edges of an image.

3.24 Working with objects

3.24.1 Selecting objects

In order to apply any changes to an object, the object must be selected. You can select a single
object or multiple objects at once. The pick tool is used from the toolbox to select objects. To select
a single object, click the Pick tool and then click an object. To select multiple objects, click the
Pick tool, hold down the Shift key, and then click each object that you want to select. Multiple
objects can also be selected by using rectangular marquee selection.

3.24.2 Transforming objects

The appearance of objects can be changed by applying different transformations. The
transformations include Sizing, Scaling, Skewing, Stretching, Rotating, Mirroring.
1. Sizing – It lets you change the width and height of an object.
2. Scaling – It lets you change the size of an object to a percentage of its original size.
3. Skewing – It makes the object appear slanting on one side.
4. Stretching – It lets you change height and width of an object non-proportionally.
5. Rotating – It rotates an object around its centre.
6. Mirroring – It creates horizontal or vertical mirror image of an object.
Transformation docker can be used to apply all the above transformations. To open Transformation
docker, go to Object menu -> Choose Transformations

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Figure 3.15

3.24.3 Aligning and distributing objects

You can align and distribute objects precisely in the drawing. Alignment can be done with respect
to other objects or with other components of the drawing windows such as center, edges and grid.
Multiple objects can be aligned horizontally or vertically with the center of the drawing page.
Distribution add some space between objects. You can distribute objects so that their center points
or their top, bottom, left, right edges appear at equal intervals.
To align and distribute objects, follow the below steps:
1. Select the objects.
2. Go to Object menu and choose Align and Distribute and then again Align and Distribute
option to open up a docker.
3. In the Align area of the docker, choose one the available alignment options:
a. Align left
b. Align center horizontally
c. Align right
d. Align top
e. Align center vertically
f. Align bottom Figure 3.16

4. In the distribute area of the docker, choose one the available distribution options:
To distribute objects horizontally To distribute objects vertically
a. Distribute left a. Distribute Top
b. Distribute center horizontally b. Distribute center vertically
c. Distribute right c. Distribute bottom
d. Distribute space horizontally. d. Distribute space vertically
Table 3.5

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3.24.4 Ordering objects
By changing the ordering of objects, you can change the stacking order of objects on a page. You
can send the objects to the back or bring to the front of other objects. Go to the Object menu to
change the order and then choose one of the following options:
1. To front of page – It moves the selected object in front of all other objects on the page.
2. To back of page – It moves the selected object behind all other objects on the page.
3. To front of layer – It moves selected object in front of all other objects on active layer
4. To back of layer - It moves selected object behind all other objects on active layer
5. Forward one – It brings the object forward by one position.
6. Back one - It takes the object backward by one position.
7. In front of – It bring the object forward by one level.
8. Behind – It takes the object backward by one level.

Figure 3.17

3.24.5 Grouping objects

After you select a number of object, you can group them so that they behave as one object. To
group the selected objects, go to Object menu->Group-> Group or you can press keyboard shortcut
Ctrl+G. To ungroup objects, go to Object menu->Group->Ungroup or you can press keyboard
shortcut Ctrl+U. When you group objects, they maintain their order relative to each other. The
objects are linked together in the Object Docker window by a solid black line.

3.25 Working with Masks

The mask tool defines the area of an image that is editable and apply a mask to the rest of the image
thus effectively protecting the rest of the image. You can create an object from an editable area by
choosing Object menu->Create->Then choosing the type of object creation. You can invert the
mask so that the editable area becomes masked or protected and the masked area becomes editable.

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3.25.1 Mask modes
When creating masks, you can work in one of the following four different modes:
1. Normal mode: In this mode, the mask tool creates an editable area on the image. If the mask
already exists, it would overwrite it.
2. Additive mode: This mode, adds an area to the already selected editable area of the image.
3. Subtractive mode: This mode, expands the masked area effectively removing editable
sections of the image.
4. XOR mode: This mode creates a mask where overlapping regions are protected which
means that if you create two overlapping rectangles using the rectangle mask, the
overlapped section will be masked and the other areas of the rectangle will be editable.

3.25.2 Mask tools

You can open the Mask tool group flyout and choose the tool that you want to work on. Using
mask tools, you can isolate complex parts of images.
1. Ellipse Mask tool – This tool creates an elliptical or circular editable area. Press the Control
key while drawing the circle mask to constrain the mask to a circle.
2. Freehand Mask tool - This tool lets you create a freehand selection to make an irregularly
shaped editable area.
3. Lasso Mask tool – This tool lets you define editable areas that are irregular in shape and
surrounded by pixels of similar colors.
4. Magnetic mask – This tool lets you snap the mask marquee to the edges of areas that
contrast in color with their surroundings.
5. Brush Mask – This tool lets you create an editable area by brushing on the area as if you
were painting.

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Exercises

SECTION A
I. Multiple Choice questions
1. CorelDraw is a ____________ based drawing Application Package.
a) Photo Paint
b) Bitmap
c) Vector
d) Scalar
2. The ruler bar is used for _____________
a) Setting of margin
b) Dividing your work
c) For book design
d) All of the above
3. __________ displays the options according to the active tool.
a) Status bar
b) Property bar
c) Menu bar
d) Document Navigator
4. Bitmap images are made up of ____________
a) Pixels
b) Vectors
c) Particles
d) Lines
5. ____________ is used for selecting and deselecting objects.
a) Bezier Tool
b) Freehand Tool
c) Shape Tool
d) Pick Tool
6. Which of the following tool applies shadows behind or below objects?
a) Envelope tool
b) Contour tool
c) Drop Shadow tool
d) Extrude tool

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7. Shortcut to combine the selected objects?
a) Ctrl + Y
b) Ctrl + L
c) Ctrl + K
d) Ctrl + Q
8. What is the default paper type/size in CorelDraw?
a) A4
b) B2
c) Postcard
d) Letter
9. What is the shortcut key to specify fountain fill for objects?
a) Ctrl + B
b) F11
c) Alt + F2
d) F6
10. Which of the following tool creates a series of concentric shapes that spread into or
out of an object?
a) Contour tool
b) Perspective tool
c) Extrude tool
d) Polyline tool

II. Fill in the blanks

a) Extrude b) Ctrl + S c) .crr d) .cdr

e) Object Manager f) Contour tool g) Fish eye h) CMYK
i) B j) B-Spline k) Freehand l) Crop tool
m) D n) Ctrl + P o) Smudge

1. Extension of CorelDraw file is _____________

2. In CorelDraw, __________ is the keyboard shortcut to save your drawing.
3. _________ tool is used for freehand drawing.
4. __________ tool of CorelDraw gives object a 3D look by creating illusion of depth.
5. __________ tool lets you draw curves one segment at a time.
6. The unwanted areas of an object can be removed using _________ tool.
7. To change the position of a layer in the stacking order, _____________ Docker is used.

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8. __________ is one of the color modes supported by CorelDraw.
9. _______ key is used to align selected objects to the bottom.
10. ____________ lens effects let you magnify or shrink the objects.

III. State whether the following statements are True or False.

1. 3D rotation of object is possible in CorelDraw. ( )

2. Shape of an object can be modified using shape tool. ( )
3. The pick tool is used in skewing and scaling objects. ( )
4. After you have created a group, you cannot add new objects into group. ( )
5. There are two paper orientations available in CorelDraw. ( )
6. ‘Forward one’ option moves selected object in front of all other objects on active
layer. ( )
7. Blending one object to another is possible in CorelDraw. ( )
8. The keyboard shortcut to group objects in CorelDraw is Ctrl + G. ( )
9. The layers are used in CorelDraw to organize and manage complex drawings. ( )
10. EyeDropper tool lets you change the magnification level of the drawing window. ( )

SECTION B

1. What are the different formatting options that can be applied to a text in CorelDraw?
2. How can you transform objects in CorelDraw?
3. Explain the CorelDraw workspace in Detail?
4. How can you export object from CorelDraw into other formats?
5. Explain various fountain fill options present in CorelDraw.

6. What is the use of Object Manager Docker in CorelDraw?

7. Explain in detail about Artistic Media tool?

8. Explain various Page setup options available in CorelDraw?

9. How can you group and ungroup multiple objects in CorelDraw?

10. Write short notes on the following:

a. Shape tool
b. Knife tool
c. Graph paper tool

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Chapter 4

Photoshop and Flash

4.1 Introduction to Photoshop

Photoshop is an image creation, graphic design and photo editing software developed by Adobe.
The software provides many image editing features for pixel-based images, raster graphics and
vector graphics. Photoshop is available for various platforms such as Windows, Mac and Unix.

4.2 Uses of Photoshop

Uses of Photoshop ranges from basic photo editing to creating digital art. Photoshop offers a wide
range of tools for creating new images and editing images such as changing the colors within an
image, modifying the size and scale of an image. You can also change the resolution of an image,
format of an image from one type to another, the background of photos can be changed easily and
GIF Animations can be designed as well.

4.3 Fundamental Tools

4.3.1 Photoshop Work area

The Photoshop work area consist of the following components:

Figure 4.1
1. Menu Bar – It contains various menu options for performing tasks. You can click on a
menu title to display menu options.
2. Toolbox – The toolbox contains various tools for creating and editing images

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Tool Name Description
Move Tool It is used to move objects on any active layer

Rectangular It is used for making rectangular selection on

Marquee Tool the image
Elliptical Marquee It is used for making elliptical selection on the
Tool image.
Magic Wand Tool It is used for making similar color based
selections.
Lasso Tool It is used for making freehand selections.
Magnetic Lasso Tool It is used for quickly selecting objects with
complex edges
Slice Tool It is used to divide images into slices which
can be later used for animating a web page
Crop Tool It is used for removing unwanted areas of an
image.
Brush Tool It is used for painting the foreground color on
an image
History Brush Tool It is used to revert an image to its original state
Clone Stamp Tool It uses a sample image for painting over
another image
Gradient Tool It creates a gradual blend between multiple
colors
Eraser Tool It is used to erase a portion of an image.
Dodge Tool It is used to lighten areas of an image.

Burn Tool It is used to darken areas of an image.

Sharpen Tool It sharpen soft edges in an image.

Blur Tool It blurs hard edges in an image.

Type Tool It is used to type text in an image.

Pen Tool It is used to create a path of adjustable anchor

points.
Eyedropper Tool It can sample colors from anywhere in an
image
Notes Tool It is used to add notes to an image.

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Zoom Tool It is used to magnify and reduce the view of an
image.
Hand Tool It is used to move an image within its window
while you have zoomed in.
Table 4.1

3. The document window – It is the area which contains the file you are working on.
4. Palettes – Palettes provides various options to help you modify images quickly. Few
palettes are displayed by default such as layers, colors, brushes palette but you can add
more palettes by using Window menu.

4.4 Image Manipulation

4.4.1 Adjusting Image size and Resolution

Size of an image can be quickly changed in Photoshop. You can either resize the image or the
canvas. Resolution defines the pixels per inch (ppi) on an image. So increasing the resolution
means improving the image quality.
To resize an image, follow these steps:
1. Go to the Image menu and choose Image size option.
2. An Image size dialog box will appear.

Figure 4.2

3. In the Pixel Dimensions area, specify the width and height for the image. You can change
the unit of dimensions using the drop-down next to width and height boxes.
4. In the Document size area, specify new width and height.
5. Keeping the Constraint proportions checkbox selected, automatically changes the width of
an image as you change the height and vice-versa.
6. Specify the pixels/inch in the Resolution textbox. And click ok

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4.4.2 Cropping the images
Crop tool in Photoshop lets you erase the unwanted area of an image. Select the Crop tool from
the toolbox and drag the mouse to make a selection. Press the Enter key from the keyboard to crop
the image to selection.

4.4.3 Image Adjustment

You can easily adjust the brightness, contrast and color of the images. Go to the Image menu and
choose Adjustments. A sub-menu appears containing options to change Brightness/Contrast, Color
Balance, Levels, Curves, Auto color. Choosing an option will further open a dialog box to let you
customize your choices as you can preview the image while making changes.

4.5 Designing Images for web pages

You can easily optimize images for web use in Photoshop. Also Photoshop offers tools to slice
images for web pages, creating web animations which can be exported as animated GIF images.
Steps to save an image for web
1. Open the image you want to make web ready.
2. Set the resolution of the image to 72 ppi as it is the standard resolution for web images. Go
to the Image menu -> Choose Image Size option to change resolution.
3. Go to the File menu -> Choose Save for Web.
4. A dialog box will appear containing a preview of you image and some other options.
5. Choose one of the options from Low, Medium, High, Very High and Maximum, available
under Presets drop-down. It is suggested to keep file size low for web images as bigger
images will take more time to load while opening the web page.
6. Click the Save button at the bottom and specify a name and location for the image.
7. Again click the save button to save the optimized image.

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Figure 4.3

4.6 Using Image Ready

ImageReady is designed for web development, containing special features such as animated GIF
creation, image compression optimization, image slicing, adding rollover text or button graphics
etc. The user interface of ImageReady is similar Photoshop. There are three additional palettes at
the bottom of the ImageReady’s screen:
1. Animation – It lets you convert your image into animated GIF.
2. Image map – It lets you divide your image into small segments which further can be linked
to some URLs.
3. Rollover – It displays all the rollovers, image maps, animations and segments you have
created on you image.

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4.7 Scanner & Printer

Scanner
Photoshop provides a feature called WIA (Windows Image Acquisition) support. Using this, you
can directly import images from a scanner software or a digital camera into the Photoshop. Steps
to import images:
1. Go to the File menu -> Import -> WIA Support.
2. A wizard will appear that assist you in acquiring images from WIA compatible softwares.
3. Click the Start button.

4. Select a destination on your computer for saving your image files.

5. Select Open Acquired Images in Photoshop checkbox.
6. Select Unique Subfolder if you want to save imported images in a folder named with the
current date.
7. Select the scanner that you want to use.
8. Choose the kind of image you want to scan: Color Picture, Grayscale Picture, or Black and
White Picture or Text.
9. Click the Scan button. The scanned image will open in Photoshop for editing.

Figure 4.4

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Printer
Photoshop provides commands for printing images. Follow the below steps to print:
1. Go to File menu and choose Print
2. A print dialog box will appear.
3. Select the printer, number of copies and page orientation.
4. A preview of your image will also be displayed in the dialog box. You can adjust the
position and scale of the image relative to selected paper.
5. Click the Print button at the bottom to print the image.

Figure 4.5

4.8 File

The File menu in Photoshop lets you create new files, open already existing files, save files, import
& export images, print images etc.

4.8.1 Creating a new file

1. Click the File menu and choose New. Or you can press the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+N.
2. A New file dialog box will appear.
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3. Click the Presets drop-down list box to choose an image size.
4. You can also specify a custom size by typing a value in the Width and Height text boxes.
The measurement unit can also be changed using the units drop-down.
5. Click on the Resolution text box to change the resolution of the image.
6. Specify a color mode and background contents for the image and click ok.

Figure 4.6

4.8.2 Opening an already existing file

1. Click the File menu and choose Open. Or you can press the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+O.
2. The Open dialog box will appear.
3. Use the Files of type drop-down to select the format of file you want to open.
4. Specify the location and name of the file.
5. Click the open button to open the file.

Figure 4.7

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4.8.3 Saving an image
1. Click the File menu and choose Save to save the current file. Or you can press the keyboard
shortcut Ctrl+S.
2. You can choose the Save as option to save a file with a different name and location.
3. The Save As dialog box will appear if you are saving the file for the first time or you have
selected the Save as option.
4. Locate the drive and folder where you want to save the file.
5. Give a name to the file and specify a format by choosing an option from the available list.
6. Click the Save button.

4.9 Edit

The Edit menu in Photoshop lets you edit and Transform objects. You can rotate, scale, flip or
skew image using transformation tools. Common operations like cut, copy, paste can also be
performed using Edit menu.

4.9.1 Transforming objects

The Transform feature in Photoshop allows users to modify objects in a variety of ways such as
scale, rotate, flip or skew. Transformation can be applied to a selection or an entire layer. Transform
submenu contains the following commands:
1. Scale – It lets you change the size of an image relative to its reference point. Use the corner
handles to adjust the size.
2. Rotate – It lets you rotate an image around a reference point. By default, the reference point
is positioned at the center, which can be moved to another location. Use the curved double
arrows at the corners to rotate.
3. Skew – It lets you slant an image horizontally or vertically. Use the corner handles to skew
the image.
4. Distort – It lets you distort an image by stretching in all the directions. Use the corner
handles to distort.
5. Perspective – It lets you add depth to an image by changing the perspective. Use the corner
handles to change the perspective.
6. Flip – It lets you flip the image vertically or horizontally.

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4.9.2 Fill a layer with color
Fill option present under Edit menu can be used to fill a layer with color or a pattern

Figure 4.8

1. Choose a foreground and background color for the image

2. By default, the fill is applied on currently active layer. You can also select an area to apply
fill.
3. Go to the Edit menu -> Choose Fill. A fill dialog box will appear.
4. Choose one of the options to fill your selection:
a. Foreground color
b. Background color
c. Black
d. 50% Gray
e. White
f. Custom pattern
5. Specify the blending mode and opacity for the fill.
6. Click ok

4.10 Image

The Image menu in Photoshop lets you change the mode, tone, contrast and color of the image.

4.10.1 Options under Image menu

There are many submenus under Image menu.
1. Mode submenu - mode can be set to Bitmap, Grayscale, Duotone, Indexed, RGB or CMYK.
2. Adjustments submenu – you can make the tonal adjustments in the image. Brightness,
contrast and exposure in an image can be adjusted using this submenu.
3. Auto tone, contrast and color submenu – these menus fix all the color ad contrast issues in
the image.
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4. Image size submenu – you can change the size and resolution of the image using this menu.
5. Canvas size submenu – you can change the size of the canvas where the image is placed
using this menu.
6. Image Rotation – It lets you rotate and flip an image quickly.

4.11 Layer

Layers are transparent sheets stacked onto top of each other. These are used to add multiple
components on an image without affecting one another. The layer menu in Photoshop let you
create, duplicate, delete and rename layers. You can also group, hide, arrange, align, lock, merge
layers using this menu.

4.11.1 Creating a new layer

1. Go to the layers panel in Photoshop window.
2. Click the New Layer button at the bottom.
3. The layer is named according to its creation order. You can rename it and give a new name
to it.
4. You can also go to the Layer menu and choose New option to create a new layer.

Figure 4.9

4.11.2 Duplicating a layer

1. Go to the layers’ panel in Photoshop window.
2. Select the layer you want to duplicate.
3. Click the Duplicate layer button at the bottom of the layers’ panel.
4. Or you can go to the Layer menu and choose Duplicate layer option.

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4.11.3 Deleting a layer
1. Go to the layers’ panel in Photoshop window.
2. Select the layer you want to delete.
3. Click the Delete layer button at the bottom of the layers’ panel.
4. Or you can go to the Layer menu and choose Delete option.

4.12 Select

The Select menu in Photoshop lets you make selections on the canvas. It gives you options to
select, deselect, reselect or inverse selections. You can also select and deselect layers using this
menu. The Grow option under this menu automatically increases the selection to nearby pixels.
Save selection and load selection can be used to save a selection for later use which can be loaded
to workspace whenever required.

Figure 4.10

4.13 Filter

The Filter menu in Photoshop lets you apply various effects to the image. Filters can be used to
clean up photos, to change color or to apply artistic effects that can completely change the
appearance of the image.

4.13.1 Steps to apply filter

1. Go to the layers’ panel and select the layer on which you want to apply filter.
2. You can also select a specific area to apply filter.
3. Go to the Filter menu and choose a filter option
4. If a dialog box appears, enter values to customize the filter and click ok

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4.13.2 Various Filters in Photoshop
1. Liquify Filter: The Liquify filter lets you push, pull, rotate, reflect, pucker and bloat any
area of an image. The distortions you create can be subtle or drastic, which makes the
Liquify command a powerful tool for retouching images as well as creating artistic effects.
2. Artistic Filters: Artistic Filters used to give an artistic touch to images. All the filters from
the Artistic submenu help you achieve painterly and artistic effects for fine arts.
a. Colored Pencil: It gives a look as if image is created using colored pencils on a solid
background.
b. Cutout: It makes an image appear as if it was created from roughly cut pieces of
colored paper.
c. Dry Brush: It paints the edges of the image using a dry brush technique.
d. Plastic Wrap: It coats the image in shiny plastic, accentuating the surface detail.
e. Watercolor: It paints the image as if it was created using watercolors with a soft
brush loaded with water and color.
3. Blur Filters: The Blur filters smoothen hard edges with a selection or an entire image. It
is very useful for retouching an image.
a. Gaussian Blur: It quickly blurs a selection by an adjustable amount. Gaussian refers
to the bell-shaped curve that is generated when Photoshop applies a weighted
average to the pixels.
b. Motion Blur: It blurs in the specified direction (from –360º to +360º) and at a
specified intensity (from 1 to 999). The filter’s effect is analogous to taking a picture
of a moving object with a fixed exposure time.
c. Lens Blur: It adds blur to an image to give the effect of a narrower depth of field so
that some objects in the image stay in focus and others areas are blurred.
d. Radial Blur: It simulates the blur of a zooming or rotating camera to produce a soft
blur.
4. Brush Stroke Filters: The Brush stroke converts the image into various styles of color
strokes, such as Crosshatch and Sprayed stroke. The Brush Stroke filters give a painterly
or fine-arts look using different brush and ink stroke effects.
a. Crosshatch: It preserves the details and features of the original image while adding
texture and roughening the edges of the colored areas with simulated pencil
hatching.

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b. Accented Edges: This filter makes the edges of an image prominent. When a higher
value is specified for the accent, the accent looks brighter and when a lower value
is specified, the accent looks darker.
c. Dark Strokes: It paints dark areas with short, tight, dark strokes, and lighter areas
with long, white strokes.
d. Ink Outlines: It redraws an image with fine narrow lines over the original details, in
pen-and-ink style.
5. Distort Filters: The Distort filters geometrically distort an image, creating 3D or other
reshaping effects.
a. Diffuse Glow: It renders an image as if you are viewing the image through a soft
diffusion filter.
b. Twirl: It rotates a selection more sharply in the center than at the edges.
c. Ripple: It creates an undulating pattern on a selection, like ripples on the surface of
a pond.
d. Spherize: It gives objects a 3D effect by wrapping a selection around a spherical
shape, distorting the image and stretching it to fit the selected curve.
6. Noise Filters: The Noise filters add or remove noise, or pixels with randomly distributed
color levels. This helps to blend a selection into the surrounding pixels. Noise filters can
create unusual textures or remove problem areas, such as dust and scratches.
a. Add Noise: It applies random pixels to an image, simulating the effect of shooting
pictures on high-speed film.
b. Despeckle: It detects the edges in an image and blurs all of the selection except
those edges.
c. Median: It reduces noise in an image by blending the brightness of pixels within a
selection.
7. Pixelate Filters: The filters in the Pixelate submenu sharply define a selection by clumping
pixels of similar color values in cells.
a. Color Halftone: It simulates the effect of using an enlarged halftone screen on each
channel of the image.
b. Facet: It clumps pixels of solid or similar colors into blocks of like-colored pixels.
You can use this filter to make a scanned image look hand-painted or to make a
realistic image resemble an abstract painting.

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c. Mezzotint: It converts an image to a random pattern of black-and-white areas or of
fully saturated colors in a color image. This filter offers several ways of adding
uncontrollable noise to your image in the form of dots, lines and strokes.
8. Render Filters: The Render filters create 3D shapes, cloud patterns and simulated light
reflections in an image. You can also manipulate objects in 3D space and create 3D objects
from few pixels in the image.
9. Stylize Filters: The Stylize filters produce a painted or impressionistic effect on a selection
by displacing pixels and by finding and heightening contrast in an image.
10. Lighting Filters: The Lighting Effects filter lets you produce myriad lighting effects on
RGB images. You can also use textures from grayscale files to produce 3D-like effects and
save your own styles for use in other images.

Figure 4.11

4.14 View
The View menu in Photoshop lets you customize how you display images in Photoshop. It enables
you to change the way an image appears in the document window. You can zoom in and out of an
image using Zoom option, fit an image on screen, you can display a ruler, enable snapping and
guides options for precise positioning of objects. There are other options you can show or hide
from this menu such as slices, brush preview, selection edges etc.

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Fig 4.12

4.15 Window

The window menu in Photoshop lets you show or hide palettes such as Layers, History, Paths,
Channels, Color, Brush, Adjustments, Notes, Tools etc as you won’t be using all the palettes at the
same time. It also lists all the open file windows using which you can arrange multiple files on the
screen. Using the Arrange and workspace submenus you can adjust the stacking order and position
of the windows.

4.16 Advance Tools

4.16.1 Healing tool

The Healing tool lets you correct imperfections in images such as dirt, smudges. It lets you remove
unwanted spots from the images. It brushes the image with sample pixels from a source point or
pattern and matches the lighting, transparency and shading to the pixels on the area of image being
healed. Follow the below steps to heal an image:
1. Open the image from which you want to remove spots or imperfections.
2. Click the Healing tool from the toolbox.
3. Choose a source point from the image by pressing Alt + Click.
4. Move the brush over the area you want to correct.

4.16.2 Smudge Tool

The Smudge tool lets you create finger painting effects on images. The tool picks up the color
where the stroke begins and drags it in the direction you push your mouse. Follow the below steps
to use this tool:
1. Open the image on which you want to apply effect.
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2. Click the Smudge tool from the toolbox.
3. Adjust the brush size as desired.
4. Select the option ‘Use All layers’ which let the smudge tool to use colors from all the visible
layers.
5. Click on the image and drag to smudge an area as you move mouse.

4.16.3 Blur Tool

The Blur tool in Photoshop lets you soften hard edges in an image. You can reduce the sharpness
of the image using blur tool. Follow the below steps to use this tool:
1. Open the image on which you want to apply effect.
2. Click the Blur tool from the toolbox.
3. Adjust the brush size and strength of stroke for painting.
4. Select the option ‘All layers’ which let the blur effect to be applied to all the visible layers.
5. Click on the image and drag to blur an area as you move mouse.

4.16.4 Sharpen Tool

The Sharpen tool in Photoshop lets you increase the sharpness of the image. The blur edges of the
images can be sharpened using this tool. Repeatedly using the sharpen tool over an area of image
might distort the pixels. Hence the strength of tool need to be adjusted before using it. Follow the
below steps to use this tool:
1. Open the image on which you want to apply effect.
2. Click the Sharpen tool from the toolbox.
3. Adjust the brush size and strength of stroke for painting.
4. Select the option ‘All layers’ which let the sharpen effect to be applied to all the layers.
5. Click on the image and drag to sharpen an area as you move mouse.

4.16.5 Dodge Tool

The Dodge tool in Photoshop lets you lighten areas of an image. You can add dimensions to your
image by using this tool as it lets you highlight specific areas of photo. Follow the below steps to
use this tool:
1. Open the image on which you want to apply effect.
2. Click the Dodge tool from the toolbox.
3. Adjust the brush size as desired.
4. Choose one of the options under Range drop-down:
a. Shadows: It affects the darker areas of the image.
b. Midtones: It affects the middle range of the image.
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c. Highlights: It affects the lighter areas of the image.
5. Click on the image and drag to lighten an area as you move mouse.

4.16.6 Clone Tool

The Clone stamp tool allows you to take a sample of an image and paint it over another part of the
image. Sample area is called the source point which can be selected by holding down the Alt key
and mouse click. You can quickly copy an area of image onto another using this tool. Follow the
below steps to use this tool:
1. Open an image.
2. Click the Clone Stamp tool from the toolbox.
3. Adjust the brush size as desired.
4. Specify the mode and opacity to control how pixels are affected as you use this tool.
5. Select the Aligned checkbox, if you want the sampled pixels to flow continuously even if
you release the mouse button.
6. Choose the source point by holding down the Alt key and click on the part of the image to
be cloned.
7. Click and drag the mouse to paint with the cloned pixels.

4.16.7 Red eye correction tool

The reflection of camera flash in a persons’ eyes causes red eye in an image. Open the image to
correct. Select the Red Eye tool from the toolbox. It is present in the same tools group as the Spot
Healing Brush tool. Click over the affected area i.e. red eye. Use the ‘Pupil size’ option to increase
or decrease the area affected by the Red Eye tool. To set the darkness of the correction use ‘Darken
Amount’ option.

4.16.8 Blending Modes

Using blending modes, you can control how an image is affected by the use of brush tool or other
editing tool over it. These modes can be changed using the option bar that is present under menu
bar in Photoshop window.
1. Normal – It is default mode. It paints each pixel of the image with foreground color in
your file to make a resultant color.
2. Multiply – It observes the color information in each channel and multiplies the original
colors in the image by the foreground color. The resultant color is always a darker color.
3. Screen - It observes each channel’s color information and multiplies the inverse of the
foreground color and the original colors in the image. The resultant color is always a
lighter color.

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4. Darken – It observes the color information in each channel and selects the resultant
color whichever is darker from the original or foreground color.
5. Lighten - It observes the color information in each channel and selects the resultant
color whichever is lighter from the original or foreground color.
6. Color – It creates a resultant color with the luminance of the original color of the image
and the hue and saturation of the foreground color. It preserves the gray levels in the
image.
7. Luminosity – It creates a resultant color with the hue and saturation of the original color
of the image and the luminance of the foreground color. It creates the inverse effect of
Color mode.

4.17 Flash

Flash is a multimedia software package that creates animation for web design. Flash provides
animation, sound, interactivity and movement of objects required for entertainment and
educational information. Using Flash, you can create animated graphics containing text, audio and
video.
Flash is a vector-based software that provides you with drawing tools to create vector objects. Flash
supports both vector and bitmap image formats including .jpg, .png, .gif, .bmp, .pdf etc.

4.18 Creating a Flash Document

1. In the welcome screen of Flash, choose Create new file or Create templates option.
2. Or go to the File menu and choose New.
3. A new Flash Document will open.

Figure 4.13

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4.19 Reviewing the Interface

Figure 4.14

The Flash Interface as represented in Figure 4.14 consist of the following components:
1. Title Bar: The title bar is located at the top of the window. It shows the name of the file
you are working on.
2. Menu Bar: The menu bar is located just below the title bar. It contains the drop down
menus consisting of various commands. You can click on a menu title to display the
submenus.
3. Stage: The area at the bottom half of the screen is called the stage. This is the place where
you place your contents, including graphic vector art, text boxes, buttons, imported
graphics or video clips etc. The area outside the stage can be used to store images and other
imported objects which will not be printed or included in the movie. As you can have
multiple scenes in your movie, a separate title is displayed for each scene under menu bar.
4. Timeline: The timeline arranges the document’s content over time in Layers and frames.
The layers are displayed in rows and frames are displayed in columns on the Timeline.
Layers are like multiple filmstrips stacked on top of one another, each containing a different
image that appears on the Stage. The timeline consists of multiple frames containing images
with frame 1 positioned at the left and last frame on the right.
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5. The property inspector: The property inspector gives easy access to the most commonly
used attributes of the current selection, either on the Stage or in the Timeline.
6. Panels: Panels are the small floating windows that let you modify attributes or properties
of objects. There are various panels available in Flash to add effects:
a. Info Panel: It displays the information about objects such as height, width and
position
b. Align Panel: It lets you align objects vertically and horizontally on the stage.
c. Transform Panel: It lets you apply transformations such as rotate, scale, skew to the
objects.
d. Color swatches panel: It is used for selecting and managing the colors which will
be used to fill and stroke objects.
e. Scenes panel: It displays all the scenes in your movie. You can create new scene,
delete a scene, arrange the scenes using this panel.
f. Movie explorer panel: This panel is used to view and organize the contents of a
document containing screens. You can work with movie components like layers,
frames, actions, sound etc.
g. Action panel: This panel is used to create ActionScript for buttons and keyframes.
It consists of three parts: Script pane, Script navigator and Actions toolbox
7. Tools panel: The tools panel consists of all the tools that flash offers to create and modify
your artwork.

4.20 Using the Primitive Tools

1. Selection tool: It is used to select, modify and distort objects.

2. Subselection tool: It is used to drag and reshape objects.
3. Free Transform tool: It is used to freely transform objects such rotating, scaling, skewing
or distorting elements.
4. Gradient Transform tool: It lets you apply color gradients to objects. Two types of gradients
can be created i.e. linear and radial.
5. Lasso tool: It lets you do free hand selection around an object.
6. Pen tool: It is used to create straight lines and curves along a Bezier path.
7. Text tool: It is used to write any text in the movie.
8. Oval tool: It is used to draw ellipses and circles.
9. Rectangle tool: It is used to draw rectangles and squares.
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10. Pencil tool: It is used for freehand drawing.
11. Brush tool: It is used to paint with brush strokes and to fill enclosed areas.
12. Ink Bottle tool: It is used to modify the color and strokes of the lines.
13. Paint Bucket tool: It is used fill color inside objects.
14. Dropper tool: It is used to pick color from one object and apply to another.
15. Eraser tool: It is used to erase fills and strokes applied on objects.
16. Zoom tool: It is used to zoom in and zoom out of the window.
17. Hand tool: It allows you to move the stage so that you can view the objects without
changing the magnification level.
18. Fill color: It is used to choose a fill color.
19. Stroke color: It is used to choose a stroke color.
20. Default colors: It is used to set the default colors for stroke and fills.
21. Swap colors: It is used to swap the fill color and stroke color.

Figure 4.15

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4.21 Creating key frames

Frames
Frames are the core of any animation, dictating each segment of time and movement. The movie’s
length is determined by the number of frames and speed at which they are played. In the timeline,
you work with frames to organize the contents. You place frames in the order you want the content
to appear in movie.
Key Frames
A keyframe is a frame where a new symbol instance appears in the timeline. An ActionScript code
can be associated with a keyframe to control some aspect of your document. A blank keyframe can
also be added to the timeline as a placeholder for symbols that you want to add later on.
Steps to insert Key Frames
1. Go to the timeline and right click on any rectangular box.
2. Choose Insert Key frame option from the shortcut menu appeared.
3. A red vertical marker will appear on the timeline.

Figure 4.16

Deleting a Key frame

1. Go to the timeline and right click on the Keyframe.
2. Choose Clear Keyframe option from the shortcut menu to delete the Keyframe.

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4.22 Tweening

The process of defining actions between two keyframes on the timeline is called tweening. The
animation is created by specifying different values for an object property between the first and the
last frames.
You can create two types of tweening animation in Flash:
1. Motion Tweening: You define properties such as position, size and rotation for an object
at one point of time and then you change those properties at another point in time. While
applying motion tween, flash automatically builds a motion path between first and last key
frame.
2. Shape Tweening: Using shape tweening, you can give an effect of transforming one shape
to another over time. To apply shape tween, you need two Keyframes to mutate between.
You can also tween the location, size, color etc.

4.23 Introduction to Illustrator and Dreamweaver

4.23.1 Illustrator
Illustrator is an illustration program that can be used for print, multimedia and online graphics.
Whether you plan to design or illustrate multimedia artwork Illustrator offers all the tools needed
to produce professional and quality results for even a beginner.
Major Tools :
Selection Tool
It is used to select any shape or object on the document window.
Magic Wand Tool
This can be used in selecting shapes and objects with simpler attributes.
Lasso Tool
This is another version of the Selection tool. This tool also helps in the selection of more than one
object or shape.
Pen Tool
The Pen Tool is used to draw something by creating paths. Paths are lines with two
endpoints called anchors and anchors have two handles that are helpful in reshaping the object.
Type Tool
We use this tool to add text to your artwork or image.

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4.23.2 Dreamweaver
Dreamweaver is a web development tool for designing websites. It supports many markup
languages, including HTML, XML, CSS and Javascript. It has a very user friendly GUI.
Dreamweaver offers various tools that help you to design everything from a simple web page to a
website consisting of complex components.
Features of Dreamweaver:
The features of Dreamweaver make it a versatile web editing tool, Some of the features of
Dreamweaver are as follows:

• Dreamweaver supports multiple web and programming languages including HTML, JSP,
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), Active Server Pages (ASP), PHP, Extensible Markup
language (XML), and many more.

• Dreamweaver is working on both types of operating systems like MAC OS and Windows.

• In Dreamweaver, you can design both using visually and by using code.
• Dreamweaver allows us to use and test all the popular content management system like
Drupal, WordPress, and Joomla. It allows you to see your page in action.

• Dreamweaver provides you with coding assistance.

• It allows you to display the CSS box model without having to know the way to code the
stylesheets manually.

• Dreamweaver provides a layer option with the help of which both images and text can be
placed at any position on the web page.

• Dreamweaver offers a design palette with a large number of color options. The user can
either use the default color available or make its own composition.

• Dreamweaver also provides a publishing tool that helps you to easily manage your files,
both locally and on your web server.

• Dreamweaver includes very powerful features to help web developers manage all the
related files for a site, post those files to a remote web server, and keep the local files and
the files on the remote server synchronized.

• Dreamweaver facilities a rich set of features in a single program capable f handling the
most advanced web design and development projects for example: from a simple home
page to a large complex project.

• For creating an HTML5 document type select HTML and give the title for the document.
You can also attach CSS files that are already created. And then click on the create button.

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• A workspace will appear. The workspace is divided into two-part. The 1st part is to preview
instant coding. The 2nd part is for coding as shown below in the Figure.

Figure 4.17

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Exercises
SECTION A
I. Multiple Choice questions
1. What refers to the total number of pixels in an image?
a) Screen Size
b) Resolution
c) Grid
d) Constraints
2. ________ tool lightens the pixels in an image.
a) Burn tool
b) Dodge tool
c) Sharpen tool
d) Blur tool
3. Similar color based selection can be done using __________ tool in Photoshop.
a) Marquee tool
b) Magic Wand
c) Lasso Tool
d) Smudge tool
4. _________tool is used to remove unwanted areas of an image.
a) Crop tool
b) Slice tool
c) Knife tool
d) Dodge tool
5. __________tool is used to soften the hard edges in an image.
a) Clone stamp
b) Blur
c) Dodge
d) Sharpen
6. Which of the following option adjusts the transparency of each layer?
a) Density
b) Opacity
c) Layer Mask
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d) Contouring

7. If you want to acquire the color and style of one object to be applied to another object,
which tool must be selected?
a) Pen tool
b) Ink Bottle tool
c) Paint bucket tool
d) Eye dropper tool
8. Which of the following software is used to create animation for web design?
a) CorelDraw
b) Flash
c) Photoshop
d) Google Chrome
9. Which of the following is a web development tool for designing websites?
a) Dreamweaver
b) Photoshop
c) Google Chrome
d) CorelDraw
10. What does the abbreviation, FPS stands for?
a) Flick per scene
b) Frames per second
c) Frames per scene
d) Flick per second

II. Fill in the blanks

a) Filters b) Layers c) Panels d) Photoshop
e) Crop f) Healing brush g) Vectors h) Dodge
i) Clone stamp j) Text tool k) Menus l) Pixels
m) Tweening n) CorelDraw

1. ___________refers to rotation and movement of an object from one point to another in

specific frames.
2. __________ allows you to insert text within your flash stage.

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3. __________ tool lightens the pixels in an image.
4. _________ tool lets you correct imperfections in an image.
5. ____________ are small adjustable windows that provide access to common commands
and options.
6. In Photoshop, _________ can be used to change color or to apply artistic effects so as to
change the appearance of the image.
7. __________ are transparent sheets to add multiple components on an image without
affecting one another.
8. ___________ software is used to edit images efficiently.
9. To cut down the size of the entire graphic design, including all layers, you should select the
__________ tool.
10. Bitmap images are made up of ____________.

III. State whether the following statements are True or False.

1. It is possible to save a Photoshop image in different formats. ( )

2. Standard resolution for web images is 72 ppi. ( )

3. Rotate, scale, skew and flip are transformation tools in Photoshop. ( )
4. It is not possible to invert the image colors in Photoshop. ( )
5. Rectangular marquee tool is used to move objects on any active layer. ( )
6. Constraint proportions allows you to automatically change the width of an image as you
change the height and vice-versa. ( )
7. Smudge tool lets you correct imperfections in images such as dirt. ( )
8. In Flash, the timeline arranges the document’s content over time in Layers and
frames. ( )
9. Using shape tweening, you can give an effect of transforming one shape to another. ( )
10. Dreamweaver is a popular photo editing tool that let you edit images. ( )
SECTION B
1. Explain the Photoshop work area.
2. What are the different tools to select some portion from images? Also explain the steps to
use them.
3. Write down the steps to resize images in Photoshop?
4. What are layers in Photoshop? Write down the steps to create layers.
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5. Explain the working of healing brush tool in Photoshop.
6. Explain any three filters available in Photoshop.
7. Write a short note describing features of Dreamweaver.
8. What are Key frames in Flash? Write Steps to insert key frames in an animation.
9. Explain various transformation tools available in Photoshop.
10. Explain various printing options available in Photoshop.

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