Astronomy Report

Arellano University – JAS Campus
Pasay City
College of Education
Topic: Space Satellites

Presentor: Jayson M. Esteves
Concept:
What is a satellite?
A satellite is a moon, planet or machine that orbits a planet or star.
Ex.
Earth is a satellite because it orbits the Sun. likewise the moon is a satellite because
it orbits Earth.
The word "satellite" refers to a machine that is launched into space and moves around
Earth or another body in space.
Types of Satellite
1. Natural Satellite – is a celestial body in space that orbits around a larger body like
the earth’s moon.
2. Artificial Satellite – or man-made satellites. These are objects that people have
made and launched into orbit using rockets like the Sputnik 1.
Why are satellites important?
Navigation: Allows us to see large areas of the earth at one time. Companies like
Google also utilize satellites to provide maps of the Earth and her cities from orbit,
allowing for services like Google Maps to be created.
Meteorology: Some take pictures of the planet that help meteorologists predict
weather and track hurricanes. Using satellites to track storms and build predictive
models for weather forecasting has made meteorology much more accurate.
Communication: With satellites, TV signals and phone calls are sent upward to a
satellite. Then, almost instantly, the satellite can send them back down to different
locations on Earth.
What are the parts of a satellite?
Satellite comes in different size and shapes, but most have two parts in common.
1. Antenna – sends and receives information, often to and from Earth.
2. Power Source – can be a solar panel of battery.
Sputnik 1 – was the first satellite launched in space by The Soviet Union in 1957.
International Space Station (ISS)

The ISS is the biggest satellite in orbit, and took over a decade to construct. Piece by
piece, 15 nations contributed financial and physical infrastructure to the orbiting
complex, which was put together between 1998 and 2011.
What is a Space Station

Space Station – also known as orbital station or orbital space station. It is a
spacecraft capable of supporting crewmembers, which is designed to remain in space
What are space stations used for?
Astronauts carry out research in space stations. They examine the behavior of materials
and living things in a microgravity (near-weightless) environment. They also study the
effect of space flight on the human body. Its purpose is to provide an international
laboratory to perform within the space environment. It serves as a home where
crews of astronauts and cosmonauts live. The space station is also a unique
science laboratory.
The following are examples of Space stations:
1. Saylut 1 – is the first space station to be launched into space by the Soviet
Union on April 19, 1971
2. Skylab – the first U.S. space station launched and operated by the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in May 14, 1973.
3. International Space Station – currently the largest space station in space. It is a
home where astronauts live.
4. Tiangong 1 – China’s first space laboratory and was launched in September 29,
2011.
Requirements for space exploration
1. Have great eye sight
2. Handle the pressure
3. Be tall
4. A bachelor’s degree in engineering, biological science, physical science,
computer science or mathematics.
What Is a Satellite?
NASA has more than a dozen Earth science satellites in orbit. They help NASA study the oceans,
land and atmosphere.
Credits: NASA
The Jason-2 satellite orbits Earth. It carries tools and sensors to help scientists study the oceans.
Credits: NASA
The Sputnik satellite was about the size of a basketball and weighed 183 pounds.
Credits: NASA
This article is part of the NASA Knows! (Grades 5-8) series.

A satellite is a moon, planet or machine that orbits a planet or star. For
example, Earth is a satellite because it orbits the sun. Likewise, the
moon is a satellite because it orbits Earth. Usually, the word "satellite"
refers to a machine that is launched into space and moves around
Earth or another body in space.
Earth and the moon are examples of natural satellites. Thousands of

artificial, or man-made, satellites orbit Earth. Some take pictures of
the planet that help meteorologists predict weather and track
hurricanes. Some take pictures of other planets, the sun, black holes,
dark matter or faraway galaxies. These pictures help scientists better
understand the solar system and universe.
Still other satellites are used mainly for communications, such as

beaming TV signals and phone calls around the world. A group of more
than 20 satellites make up the Global Positioning System, or GPS. If
you have a GPS receiver, these satellites can help figure out your
exact location.
Why Are Satellites Important?

The bird's-eye view that satellites have allows them to see large areas
of Earth at one time. This ability means satellites can collect more
data, more quickly, than instruments on the ground.
Satellites also can see into space better than telescopes at Earth's
surface. That's because satellites fly above the clouds, dust and
molecules in the atmosphere that can block the view from ground
level.
Before satellites, TV signals didn't go very far. TV signals only travel in

straight lines. So they would quickly trail off into space instead of
following Earth's curve. Sometimes mountains or tall buildings would
block them. Phone calls to faraway places were also a problem.
Setting up telephone wires over long distances or underwater is
difficult and costs a lot.
With satellites, TV signals and phone calls are sent upward to a

satellite. Then, almost instantly, the satellite can send them back
down to different locations on Earth.
What Are the Parts of a Satellite?

Satellites come in many shapes and sizes. But most have at least two
parts in common - an antenna and a power source. The antenna sends
and receives information, often to and from Earth. The power source
can be a solar panel or battery. Solar panels make power by turning
sunlight into electricity.
Many NASA satellites carry cameras and scientific sensors.

Sometimes these instruments point toward Earth to gather information
about its land, air and water. Other times they face toward space to
collect data from the solar system and universe.
How Do Satellites Orbit Earth?

Most satellites are launched into space on rockets. A satellite orbits
Earth when its speed is balanced by the pull of Earth's gravity. Without
this balance, the satellite would fly in a straight line off into space or
fall back to Earth. Satellites orbit Earth at different heights, different
speeds and along different paths. The two most common types of orbit
are "geostationary" (jee-oh-STAY-shun-air-ee) and "polar."
A geostationary satellite travels from west to east over the equator. It

moves in the same direction and at the same rate Earth is spinning.
From Earth, a geostationary satellite looks like it is standing still since
it is always above the same location.
Polar-orbiting satellites travel in a north-south direction from pole to

pole. As Earth spins underneath, these satellites can scan the entire
globe, one strip at a time.
Why Don't Satellites Crash Into Each Other?

Actually, they can. NASA and other U.S. and international
organizations keep track of satellites in space. Collisions are rare
because when a satellite is launched, it is placed into an orbit
designed to avoid other satellites. But orbits can change over time.
And the chances of a crash increase as more and more satellites are
launched into space.
In February 2009, two communications satellites - one American and

one Russian - collided in space. This, however, is believed to be the
first time two man-made satellites have collided accidentally.
What Was the First Satellite in Space?

Sputnik 1 was the first satellite in space. The Soviet Union launched it
in 1957.

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Arellano University – JAS Campus

Topic: Space Satellites

International Space Station (ISS)

What is a Space Station

What are space stations used for?

The following are examples of Space stations:

This article is part of the NASA Knows! (Grades 5-8) series.

Earth and the moon are examples of natural satellites. Thousands of

Still other satellites are used mainly for communications, such as

Why Are Satellites Important?

Before satellites, TV signals didn't go very far. TV signals only travel in

With satellites, TV signals and phone calls are sent upward to a

What Are the Parts of a Satellite?

Many NASA satellites carry cameras and scientific sensors.

How Do Satellites Orbit Earth?

A geostationary satellite travels from west to east over the equator. It

Polar-orbiting satellites travel in a north-south direction from pole to

Why Don't Satellites Crash Into Each Other?

In February 2009, two communications satellites - one American and

What Was the First Satellite in Space?

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