ARTS APPRECIATION

Part 1: Art History and

Development
Arts History and Development: Prehistoric; Egyptian; Classicism and Greco-Roman Tradition;
Roman; Medieval; and Renaissance
LEARNING OUTCOMES:

• Understand and identify the underlying history, philosophy, psychology, and

cultural impact of the different art movements

• Understand the various art movements by classifying their distinct

characteristics such as subject of art, style, elements, medium, design,
historical background, influential persons, socio-political issues, and
prevalent artists;

• Create a timeline about the history of art and the art movements; and
• Cite the significant characteristics of artworks based on the history or art
movements.
Prehistoric Arts
• The geographical conditions and the limitation of
resources contribute on the civilization and
advancement of the ancient’s culture.

• The ancient people find their habitation on the river

banks

• Ancient Arts are associated with religious functions

(sculpture of Horus, Ra, and Osiris) and evident on
the building of palaces and temples
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 Prehistoric Arts
• The ancient arts of Mesopotamia are
reflected on their civilization in the river
banks

• Chinese ancient art begins as early as 4500-

3000 B.C.

• The earliest evident of the India ancient art

reflected on the Rock Shelter of Bhimbetka
existed in 9000 B.C.
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 Prehistoric Arts

• Western ancient art is attached to the belief

and way of life of the primitive people.

• Sculptures like the fertility statues are some

of the sculptures during the ancient

• The gravestones are the first architectural

design and they learned architecture when
they discover burying their death
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 Seated Female
(5600-5000BC). This Mesopotamian
ancient art was believed to exist in the
Halaf culture.

Bhimbetka rock painting (3300- 1700 BC). This

India animal cave painting was located at
Bhimbetka rock shelter. The Bhimbetka rock
shelters compose an archaeological site and
World Heritage Site located in the Indian state
of Madhya Pradesh

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 Venus of Willendorf
(28,000-25,000 BC).
This fertility statue was
discovered in 1908 by
Johann Veran, a
workman from the
excavation of
archaeologist Josef
Szombathy. This
statuette was found in
Terracota Army Soldiers (246-206 lower Austria
BC).

Ancient Egyptian Deities

▪ Horus - oldest and
most significant deities in ancient
Egyptian religion (son of Isis)
7 ADD A FOOTER ▪ Ra – god of energy/ sun godMM.DD.20XX

▪ Osiris – god of underworld/ after life

Ancient Greek Arts
• Archaic Period
• Arts were influenced by the earlier civilization of

1.
Mesopotamia and Egypt like the use of geometric art
in pottery

• Classical Period.
• This period is considered as the remarkable
civilization of ancient Greek, the “Golden age of
2. Athens” (time of the great philosophers

• Hellenistic Period.
• This is the end of the golden age of Athens, the

3.
• time of Alexander the Great (338 BC) who conquered
the Greek cities.
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 Statue of Zeus at Olympia by Phidias (c.430 BC).
Phidias, an Athenian sculptor is regarded as one of
the greatest of all sculptors of the classical Greece.
He is renowned for the Elgin marbles and his
colossal (gigantic) statue of Zeus which is one of
the seven wonders of the ancient world.
Doryphoros (left) and Diadumenos (right)
Polyclitus is a Greek bronze sculptor in the
fifth and early fourth century B.C. He was
known for his statues of idealized male
athletes and he was regarded as the most
important sculptor of Classical antiquity.

Discobolos (c.450 BC) by Myron. Myron (fl.c. 480-440 BC) is

one of the prevalent sculptors in the Golden Age of Athens
and his fame is rested principally on his representation of
athletes. However, none of his works are known to survive,
but there are two certain copies, the Discobolus and the
Minotaur. His discus thrower (Discobulus) demonstrates a
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 Roman Arts
• The Roman Visual Arts such as sculptures and
architectures imitated the Greek forms and
1. techniques.

• Still life is a work of art depicting mostly inanimate

subject matter, typically commonplace objects which
2. may be either natural or man-made

• Landscape comprises the visible features of an area

3.
of land

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 Arch of Titus (c. 81 AD) The Arch of Titus is a 1st-century
honorific arch located on the Via Sacra, Rome. It was constructed
in c.81 AD by the Roman Emperor Domitian (Titus Flavius Caesar
Domitianus Augustus) shortly after the death of his older brother
Titus (Titus Flavius Caesar Vespasianus Augustus).

The Baths of Caracalla from Italian: Terme

di Caracalla (right photo) in Rome, Italy
were Roman public baths, or thermae, built
in Rome between AD 212 and 216, during
the reign of the Emperor Septimus Severus
who named the baths for his son Caracalla,
Marcus Aurelius Severus Antoninus
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Medieval Arts

• Early Christian Arts

• Early Christian Arts were produced by Christians or
1. under Christian patronage.

• Byzantine Arts
• referred to the terms commonly used to describe the

2.
artistic products of the Byzantine Empire from about
5th century until the fall of Constantinople in 1453

• Romanesque Arts
• Gothic Arts
3.
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 Christ Pantocrator, (11th
century). This mosaic of
Christ found in the Interior
Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus, monastery church at Daphne,
(359 C.E). This marble coffin is one of Greece. This Byzantine art
early Christian sculpture which depicts reflects Christ as the ruler of
the universe and it can be
scenes from the Bible like Adam and
considered as the origin of
Eve, the sacrifice of Abraham, Jesus Gothic stained glass.
entering
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Pilate, and others.

Renaissance Arts

• Renaissance Arts underscored the dominance of

1.
man (homocentric),

• Arts centered on person’s thoughts, feelings and

imaginations. Its artistic standards derived from the
2. ideals of classicism.

• The subjects of art in this period remained religious

by nature and the ideal man, “jack-of-all-trade” was
3. the center of attraction.
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Madonna of the Carnation (c.1469) by Leonardo
da Vinci. This painting is one of the notable works Mona Lisa or La Gioconda (c.1503-06) by Leonardo da Vinci.
of Leonardo da Vinci after leaving Verrocchio This painting is one of intriguing works of da Vinci. The lady in
studio in Florence, Italy. the portrait is Lisa Gherardini, the wife of Francesco del
Leonardo da Vinci was born on April 15,1452 in Giocondo and this painting became intriguing because of her
Vinci Italy.
mysterious smile and the absence of her eyebrows.
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 LEONARDO DI VINCI

Born on April 15, 1452 Vinci, Italy, Italian Renaissance polymath:

near Florence (born out of
painter, sculptor, architect,
wedlock -Piero da Vinci and
Caterina). musician, scientist,
mathematician, engineer,
Educated in the studio of the
renowned Florentine painter,
inventor, anatomist, geologist,
Verrocchio. cartographer, botanist, and
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 Michelangelo di Lodovico
Buonarroti Simoni

Born on 6 March 1475 in Caprese Italian Renaissance sculptor,

near Arezzo, Tuscany
painter, architect, poet, and
Apprenticed to the painter engineer who exerted an
Domenico Ghirlandaio.
unparalleled influence on the
Studied sculpture under Bertoldo development of Western art
di Giovanni
.
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 Statue of
David

This full standing sculpture . Michelangelo created this

is one of the renowned sculpture out of a marble block
works during the from the quarries of Carrara and
Renaissance period he took three years in
completing this three-
dimensional sculpture..
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 La Pieta

He curved this full standing As a leading figure of the High

statue when he was 24 years
old. His La Pieta (from Italian Renaissance, Michelangelo
pietas) means dutifulness, established his reputation with
depicts the pietas and love of sculptures such as the
Mary to her son, Jesus who Pietà(c.1497–1500)
laid on her lap after the
crucifixion. and David (1501–04).
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 David

Donato di Betto Bardi was born Likewise, he is known for his

around 1386 in Italy, known as
Donatello who is considered as works in bas- relief (a form of
one of the pioneers of scientific shallow relief sculpture). His
perspective and he was representation of David is more
renowned for his lifelike feminist compare to the David of
sculptures, including the bronze Michelangelo.
statue of David.
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 The Birth of
Venus

The Birth of Venus and

Primavera (c.1478) are two
notable mythological works of
Alessandro di Mariano Filipepi
knowns as Sandro Botticelli
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 Filippo
Brunelleschi

Born in1377 – April 15, 1446 Most famous for his studies of
linear perspective and
One of the foremost engineering the dome of the
architects and engineers of Florence Cathedral
the Italian Renaissance His principal surviving works are
to be found in Florence, Italy
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 Giotto di
Bondone

Born in 1266 – January 8, 1337 An Italian painter and architect from

Florence in the late Middle Ages
better known simply as Giotto
He is generally considered the first
. in a line of great artists who
contributed to the Italian
Renaissance
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 Lorenzo
Ghiberti

Born in 1378 – 1 December 1455

an Italian artist of the early Renaissance best known for works in
sculpture and metalworking
won the 1401 competition for the first set of bronze doors for the
Baptistery of the cathedral in Florence (depict scenes from the New
Testament)
set up a large workshop in which many artists trained, including
Donatello,
24 Masolino,
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and Antonio Pollaiuolo

 Donato di Niccolo di
Betto Bardi

Donato di Niccolo di Betto Bardi known as Donatello

Born - circa 1386 – December an early Renaissance Italian
13, 1466 artist and sculptor from Florence
known for his work in bas-relief,
a form of shallow relief sculpture
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Thank You For Listening