Unit (19)

STATISTICS
19.1 Pie Chart
Proportion of traffic flow
In a pie chart, the angle of each sector
vans
is proportional to the number of items motor-
taxis cycles
represented.
buses
lorries

cars

Before the pie chart is drawn, the angle of each sector is calculated as follows:
25 85
Buses : × 360º = 25º Taxis : × 360º = 85º
360 360
20 30
Lorries : × 360º = 20º Vans : × 360º = 30º
360 360
165 35
Cars : ×360º = 165 Motorcycles : × 360º = 35º
360 360

In a bar chart, the bars drawn are of equal width. The values of the various items
are respresented by the lengths of the bars. For example, the total number of
buses recorded as read off from the vertical scale is 25.

A bar chart can be presented in a vertical or horizontal form. A vertical bar chart is
also known as a column chart.

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Pictogram
Type of vehicles passing through a place

Buses

Lorries

Cars

Taxis Taxi Taxi Taxi Taxi Taxi

Vans

READING AND DRAWING OF PIE CHARTS

Worked Example
The pie chart represents the number of students and teachers in a certain school.
(a) Measure the angles of the sectors for
boys, girls and teachers.
(b) If the total number of students and girls
rs
teachers in the school is 1800, how che
tea
many (i) boys, (ii) girls, (iii) teachers are
there in the school?
boys
2
(c) If of the girls are above 12 years old,
5
find the angle of the sector that
represents this.

164
(d) What percentage of the students are boys? Give your answer correct to
the nearest per cent.

Solution :
(a) For boys, the angle of the sector is 240º. For girls, the angle of the sector is
110º. For teachers, the angle of the sector is 10º.

240
(b) (i) Number of boys = × 1800
360
= 1200

110
(ii) Number of girls = × 1800
360
= 550

10
(iii) Number of teachers = × 1800
360
= 50

2
(c) Angle of the sector for girls above 12 years old = × 110º
5
= 44º

(d) Number of students = 1200 + 550

= 1750

1200
Percentage of boys = × 100 %
1750
= 69 % (correct to the nearest per cent)

165
Exercise
1. The pie chart below represents the sales of fruits by a fruitier. If the total
sales amounted to $ 5 400, calculate the amount collected for each type of
fruits sold.

oranges

145º
(

apples 75º
bananas
55º
mangoes

2. The pie chart below shows the number of different types of books loaned
out by a library in a week. If the total number of books loaned out was 180,
find, by making the necessary measurements, the number of each type of
books borrowed from the library.

science
fiction
classics
short
stories
others

166
3. A man earned $ 1 080 a month. He spent 15 % of it on rent, 50% on food,
10% on transport, 20% on others and saved the rest. Copy and complete
the pie chart below for the given information.

food
50%

rent transport
15%
save
others

4. A family with an income of $ 1 800 spent it as follows :

Food $ 700 Transport $ 150
Rent $ 250 Savings $ 200
Others $ 500
(a) Represent these data on a pie chart.
(b) What percentage of the income was spent on food? Give your
answer correct to one decimal place.

5. The pie chart below represents the number of students and teachers in a
certain school.
(a) Measure the angles of the sectors for boys, girls and teachers.
(b) If the total number of students and teachers in the school is 3 600,
how many (i) boys, (ii) girls, (iii) teachers are there in the school?
3
(c) If of the boys are above 12 years old, find the angle of the sector
4
that will represent this on the same pie chart.

167
 girls

teachers

boys

6. A survey of a certain school showed that out of 720 students, 400 preferred
pop music, 200 semi-classical and 120 classical.
(a) Represent this information using a pie chart.
(b) What percentage of the students prefferred semi-classical music?

7. It was estimated that in a certain city, the number of registered vehicles at

the end of 1997 was as follows :
Cars 10 500 Buses 1 800
Taxis 4 200 Motor-cycles 5 100
Represent the data on a pie chart.

8. 1 080 students of a certain school

Others

Sc
named the subject they like best . The ie
nc
e
pie chart shows the result of the survey. English
By measuring the angle of each sector,
find the number of students belonging Mathematics
to each group. Then express the
number in each group as a percentage
of the total number of students.

168
9. The table below shows the number of periods allotted to each subject in a
class timetable per week.

Subject Number of periods

English 8
Second Language 6
Mathematics 8
Science 6
Literature 3
Geography 3
History 2

Show this information on a pie chart.

10. The table below shows the different countries where 180 students spent
their school holidays.

Countries Malaysia Australia Europe USA

Number of students 86 41 24 29

Represent the data on a pie chart.

11. The table below shows how 240 students travelled to school from their
homes.

Method Walk Bus Car Motor-cycle MRT

Number of students 100 65 25 10 40

Draw a pie chart to illustrate the information.

169
12. Visitors to a National Park were asked to vote for their favourite animal.
The resuts are shown on the given pie chart.
(a) Calculate
(i) the value of x,
(ii) the percentage of visitors who Giraffe
Lion
voted for giraffes. 120º

(
(b) Calculate the number of people 135º

xº
s
er
Elephant
who took part in the survey, given that

th
O
elephants obtained 20 more votes than
lions.

13. The girls in a school were asked to choose

their favourite form of entertainment from
television, cinema and radio. Their
Television Cinema replies are represented in the pie chart.
xº 160º (a) Calculate the value of x.
54º (b) 400 of the girls chose the cinema.
Radio Find the total number of girls in the
school.
(c) Find the percentage of girls who
chose the radio.

170
14. Each member of a class of 40 girls was
asked to name her favourite colour.
Their choices are represented on the
given pie chart.
Red Blue
(a) If 15 said they liked blue,
108º xº
calculate the value of x.
63º
(b) Find the number who said they
Green
Others liked green.
(c) Find the percentage of the class
who said they liked red.

15. A baker sells large loaves, small loaves, bread rolls and cakes. The pie
chart represents the number of each of these items sold on a particular day.
(a) Express the number of cakes sold as a fraction of the total number
of items sold.
(b) Given that he sold 80 cakes, calculate the number of small loaves he
sold.
(c) Given that the number of large loaves sold is twice as many as the
number of bread rolls sold, calculate the angle of the sector which
represents the number of large loaves sold.

Large
Loaves

130º 20º
Cakes
Small
Loaves
Bread
Rolls

171