ENJABULWENI INDEPENDENT SCHOOL

END OF YEAR EXAMINATIONS 2022

PHYSICAL SCIENCES PAPER 2

GRADE 10

TEACHER: WAIRE R. MODERATOR: CHISHALA G.

TOTAL MARKS: 125 PHYSICAL SCIENCES: PAPER I 18 NOVEMBER 2022

DATE:
TIME: 2 hours

PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY

1. This question paper consists of 16 pages and an Examination Data Sheet of 2 pages
(i–ii). Please make sure that your question paper is complete.
2. Answer ALL the questions.
3. Read the questions carefully.
4. Use the data and formulae whenever necessary.
5. Show your working in all calculations.
6. Units need not be included in the working of calculations, but appropriate units
should be shown in the answer.
7. Where appropriate, express answers to TWO decimal places.
8. It is in your own interest to write legibly and present your work neatly.

FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY

QUESTION 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 TOTAL
MARK
TOTAL MARK 20 12 20 12 18 11 20 12 125

PLEASE TURN OVER

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QUESTION 1: MULTIPLE CHOICE

1.1 Which of the following is a homogeneous mixture?

A. Sand and water

B. Muesli (Oats in milk)
C. Salt solution
D. Carbon dioxide (2)

1.2 The smallest particle to be found in sugar that still has the properties of
sugar, is called …

A. granule.
B. molecule.
C. atom.
D. electron. (2)

1.3 The process that takes place when a calcium atom reacts with an oxygen
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atom to form calcium oxide, is …

A. Four electrons (two from each atom) are shared between the atoms.
B. Two electrons (one from each atom) are shared between the atoms.
C. Two electrons from the calcium atom are transferred to the oxygen
atom.
D. Two electrons from the oxygen atom are transferred to the calcium
atom (2)

1.4 This valency electron-configuration is possibly that of:

2 2 1 1
S Px P y Pz
A. Br
B. P
C. Si
D. S (2)

1.5 Elements T, X, Z and Y are respectively in group 1, 2, 16 and 17 of the

periodic table of elements.
A formula for the compound formed by two of these elements which is NOT
CORRECT is:

A. TZ
B. XY2
C. T2Z
D. TY (2)

1.6 The electronegativity of Sulphur is …

A. 32
B. 16
C. VI
D. 2.5 (2)

1.7 The correct formula for lead(II) nitrate is …

A. Pb2(NO3)2
B. Pb(NO3)2
C. Pb3(NO3)2
D. PbNO3 (2)

1.8 Two substances that can be classified as molecular substances are:

A. Ammonia and Hydrogen chloride

B. Magnesium chloride and Hydrogen chloride
C. Magnesium chloride and Sodium
D. Graphite and Iodine (2)

1.9 Which graph represents atomic radius, R, versus atomic number, Z, for the
elements of period 2?
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(2)

1.1 The formula for Epsom Salt is MgSO4.7H2O.

0 The mass (in grams) of Epsom salt needed to prepare 1 dm 3 of solution
with a concentration 0,1 mol.dm-3 is …

A. 25
B. 5.
C. 75
D. 150 (2)

QUESTION 2: PREPARATION OF OXYGEN

To prepare Oxygen, Potassium Chlorate can be heated in the presence of a suitable
catalyst as shown below.

The equation for the reaction is: K ClO3 ( s ) → KCl ( s ) +O2 (g)

2.1 Balance the equation.

_____________________________________________________________ (3)

2.2 What is the chemical name of the product ‘ KCl ’?

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_____________________________________________________________ (1)

2.3 Is potassium chlorate a pure or impure substance? Explain your answer.

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________ (2)

2.4 Draw the Aufbau diagram for an oxygen atom.

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________ (3)

2.5 Draw a Lewis diagram of an oxygen molecule.

(2)

2.6 Name the apparatus labelled A.

_____________________________________________________________ (1)
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QUESTION 3: ISOTOPES

3.1 The diagram below shows the element hydrogen which has three isotopes:
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protium, deuterium and tritium.

3.1.1 Define the term isotopes.

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________ (2)

3.1.2 The table below shows the three isotopes, the number of particles
(incomplete) and the relative abundance of each isotope.

Isotope of Number Number Number Mass Relative

hydrogen of of of number abundance
protons electrons neutrons (%)
Protium 1 1 99,985

Deuterium 1 1 1 0,015

Tritium 1 2 3 negligible

Complete the table by writing the correct number of particles. (2)

3.1.3 Use the table above and calculate the relative atomic mass of
hydrogen.

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________ (3)

3.2 Natural nitrogen (7N) consists of two isotopes. The vast majority (99,6%) of
naturally occurring nitrogen is nitrogen-14, with the remainder being
nitrogen-15.

3.2.1 Write down the name of the particles that represent the 7 in natural
nitrogen (7N)
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_______________________________________________________ (1)

3.2.2 Calculate the relative atomic mass of nitrogen.

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________ (3)

3.2.3 Nitrogen is the nutrient that is most essential to plant growth. One
such fertilizer contains ammonium phosphate, ((NH4)3PO4).

Calculate the percentage of nitrogen in this fertilizer.

______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________ (3)

3.2.4 The manufacturing process of fertilisers uses a compound containing

82,24% nitrogen and 17,76% hydrogen.
Name this compound by using a calculation.

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________
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_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________ (6)
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QUESTION 4: THE PERIODIC TABLE

An element X has the following electron configuration: 1s*2s*2p4.

4. In which group in the periodic table will this element be found?

1 Give a reason for the answer by referring to the above electron configuration.

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________ (2)

4. For element X write down:

2 4.2.1 Its chemical name.

_______________________________________________________ (1)

4.2.2 Its normal valency.

_______________________________________________________ (2)

4. An atom of element X forms an ion:

3
4.3.1 Write down the name of the ION that forms when an atom gains
electrons. (Choose from ANION or CATION)
(1)
_______________________________________________________

4.3.2 What will be the charge on the ion formed from atom X?
(2)
_______________________________________________________

4.3.3 From the periodic table, identify an element with the same electron
configuration as the ion formed from atom X.
(2)
_______________________________________________________
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4.3.4 Write down the chemical NAME for the ion that is formed from atom X.
(2)
_______________________________________________________
[12]

QUESTION 5: CHEMICAL REACTIONS

Aluminium reacts with iodine in the presence of a catalyst to produce a metal halide.

water
The balanced chemical reaction is: 2 Al +3 I 2 → 2 A lI 3

5. Name the type of chemical bonding found in each of the following

1 substances. Choose from covalent, ionic or metallic bonds.

5.1.1 Aluminium ______________________________________________ (1)

5.1.2 Iodine _________________________________________________ (1)

5.1.3 Water _________________________________________________ (1)

5.1.4 Aluminium iodide ________________________________________ (1)

5. Define a mole.
2
___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________ (2)

5. 317,5 g iodine reacts completely during the reaction.

3
Calculate the number of:
5.3.1 Moles of iodine reacted

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

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______________________________________________________ (3)

5.3.2 Aluminium atoms that are used to produce aluminium iodide

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________
(3)
______________________________________________________

5. Calculate the mass of aluminium required to yield 20,4 g of aluminium iodide

4
___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________ (6)
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QUESTION 6: HEAT OF REACTION

Learners study ENDOTHERMIC and EXOTHERMIC reactions by conducting experiments

I and II in which the reactions shown in the table below take place.

EXPERIMENT BALANCED EQUATION

I 2H2O2(l) → 2H2O(l) + O2(g)
II 2H2O(l) → 2H2(g) + O2(g)
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The Learners measured the initial and final temperatures of the reaction mixtures. They
also obtained activation energies for the reactions from a data table.

The learners represented their findings in a table as shown below.

EXPERIMENT INITIAL (oC) FINAL(oC) Activation energy

(kJ.mol-1)
I 24 36 75
II 24 18 237

6.1 Define the term activation energy.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________ (2)

6.2 In which experiment (I or II) is the reaction EXOTHERMIC?

Explain your answer.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________ (2)

6.3 Is the heat of reaction, ∆H, POSITIVE or NEGATIVE for an EXOTHERMIC

reaction?

___________________________________________________________ (1)

6.4 Write down the general name of a substance that can be added to the
reaction mixture in experiment II to reduce the activation energy.

___________________________________________________________ (1)

6.5 Both reactions produce the same number of moles of oxygen gas?
How does the mass of H2O2 used in experiment I compare to the mass of
H2O used in Experiment II?
Write down only SMALLER THAN, LARGER THAN or THE SAME.

___________________________________________________________ (2)

6.6 Draw a potential energy versus time graph for the reaction in experiment II.
The following must be shown on the graph.
 Heat of reaction (∆H)
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 Activation energy (Ea)

(3)
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QUESTION 7: STOICHIOMETRY

7.1 Methyl propanoate is an organic compound with the following percentage

composition:
72,72% C ; 12,12% H ; 36,36% O

The molar mass of the compound is 88 g.mol-1.

7.1.1 Define the term empirical formula.

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_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________ (2)

7.1.2 Determine, by calculation, the empirical formula.

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________ (6)

7.1.3 Determine the molecular formula.

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________ (2)

7.2 Learners prepare a solution of sodium hydroxide in water by placing 8 g of

sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in a volumetric flask and adding water to produce
250 cm3 of solution after stirring.

7.2.1 Define concentration in words.

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________ (2)

7.2.2 Calculate the concentration of sodium hydroxide (NaOH).

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

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_____________________________________________________ (4)

7.3 Sodium azide (NaN3) is used in car airbags. For the airbag to inflate the
following reaction must take place:

2NaN3(s) → 2Na(s) + 3N2(g)

Calculate the volume of nitrogen gas (N2) that would be produced at STP if
55 g of sodium azide reacts completely.

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________ (4)
[20]

QUESTION 8: CHEMICAL BONDING

Consider the following chemical equations:

I: CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O

II: NH3 + H+ → NH4+

8.1 Define the term covalent bond.

_____________________________________________________________
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_____________________________________________________________ (2)

8.2 Write down the Lewis structure for the CH4 molecule.

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________ (2)

8.3 Consider the bonds C H and O H

Which bond …
8.3.1 has a longer bond length?

_______________________________________________________ (1)

8.3.2 Is stronger?

_______________________________________________________ (1)

8.4 How many lone pairs of electrons are in the central atom of the H2O
molecule?

_____________________________________________________________ (1)

8.5 Write down the formula of a substance in reaction II that has a dative
covalent bond.

_____________________________________________________________ (1)

8.6 The NH3 molecule is POLAR but the CH4 molecule is NON-POLAR.
Explain this observation.

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________ (4)
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[12]

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