What is Fundamental Movement Skills? Fundamental Movement is a movement that is simple and basic for participating in or performing different types of physical activities (e.g. walking, running, jumping, catching). Children develop fundamental movements as they grow. Fundamental movement skills provide the foundation for all athletic maturity and are seen as the building blocks from which sports-specific skills are developed. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed mnderWhy Fundamental Movement Skills? Fundamental movement skills are specific gross motor movements that involve different body parts such as feet, legs, trunk, hands, arms, and head Children need to be taught fundamental movement skills - they do not acquire them naturally Children that lear fundamental movement skills are more likely to participate in and play different games, sports and recreational activities offered in the school years and in the communityWhat are Skilled Performances? Leamed abilities through training and practice in a specific sport or activity. To also have the ability to perform at a high standard effectively and efficiently. Movement that is correct and is done by an individual or by a team in a coordinated way to perform an action and achieve a goal. Skill is learned, learning helps permanent changes in the performance, while performance is a temporary action. Skill is “the learned ability to bring about predetermined results with maximum certainty often with a minimum outlay and energy or both” (Knapp, 1963)Skill Characteristics UbWNeE Consistent — able to execute action with maximum certainty Aesthetic — looks controlled, effective, and effortless Learned — through practice and experience Goal directed — intention to do it not just luck Predetermined — have an aim to achieveMost Common Skills in Sports Cognitive/Intellectual Skill «involves mental/intellectual ability ‘* Skills that involve thought process. * E.g., problem solving, planning, strategies, tactics to outwit your opponent. ‘* _ Inpairs come up with two examples in your ‘own sport. + Deciding to kick over instead of running through as the opponent is slow to turn.Perceptual Skill * involves detection and interpretation of information + Detecting and interpreting, making sense of information in the environment. + Le, interpreting the speed of the support player you need to pass to. * Detecting the speed and direction of a ball as it comes over the net in tennis. * Position of other players in a netball game, to judge the flight of a ball.Motor Skill * involves movement and muscular control * When you see this term think of movement. + Skill which involves physical movement and muscular control. * Smooth executing movement * Eg. passing the ball, shooting, completing a forward roll.A skilled performance is performed at a high standard effectively and efficiently. « Characteristics of Effectiveness — Accuracy, Consistency, Controlled, Confidence Characteristics of Efficiency — Technique, Fluent, Aesthetic « Characteristics of Responsiveness — Decision making, AdaptiveWhat are Motor Skills? Motor skills refer to the body's ability to manage the process of movement, To execute motor skills, a person's brain, muscles, and nervous system must all work together. A person's motor coordination is determined by how well he or she can perform a desired function when employing these motor skills. Examples of motor skills include the ability to track the movement of an object with one's eyes, balance on one leg, or climb stairs, A person's motor skills may change over the course of his or her lifetime. Motor skills develop in early childhood, For some individuals, impairments in motor skills may be identified in childhood when the person's motor development fails to follow the expected progression. In these instances, intervention or accommodation may be necessary.Adults can continue to develop and improve their motor skills by using physical exercises or practicing repeated motions. This process is called motor learning with the results sometimes being referred to as muscle memory. Motor skills can become impaired due to accident, injury, disease, or age-related regression. For example, a person who has experienced a stroke may suffer an impairment of his or her fine or gross motor skills. Impaired motor skills can cause a person to have poor posture, difficulty balancing, trouble handling small objects, or limited hand-eye coordination. In the workplace, an individual with limited motor skills may require accommodations or assistive technology to perform his or her job tasks. Parkinson's Gait sty ont oi ‘ot head Seon somClassification of Motor Skills Many skills have similar characteristics, but some skills can also depend on the circumstances so to overcome these as problems in classifying skills we use a continuum. <> Continuum ‘An imaginary line between two extremes which shows a gradual increese/decrease in the number of characters. Continuity Continuum It deals with discrete, serial, and continuous skills. * Discrete Skills — skills that has a clear beginning and end. (E.g. Javelin Throw) * Serial Skills — skills that have several discrete elements linked together. (E.g. High Jump) * Continuous Skills — skills that cannot be split up very easily into subroutines. (E.g. Basketball Dribble)Muscular Involvement Continuum It deals with gross skills and fine skills. * Gross Skills — skills that uses large muscle movements. (E.g. Weightlifting) Fine Skills — skills that uses small muscle movements. (E.g. Darts) Pacing Continuum It deals with self-paced and externally paced skills. Self-Paced Skills — skills which the performer has control over movements. (E.g. Serving in Volleyball) Externally-Paced Skills — skills which the environment has more control. (E.g. Diving)Organization Continuum It deals with low organisation and high organisation skills. + Low Organisation Skills — skills that are uncomplicated and have little organisation structure where they tend to discrete and may be practiced separately. (E.g. Cycling) * High Organisation Skills — skills that has a complex organisation structures where subroutines which are closely linked and cannot be practiced separately. (E.g. Gymnastic move)Difficulty Continuum It deals with simple and complex skills. * Simple Skills - skills that are straight-forwarded with few subroutines requiring little cognitive and concentration activity of the part of the performer. (E.g. running) Complex Skills - complicated skills that require a lot of practice or attention. Complex skills require many (interlinked) subroutines, some of them are habitual or learned which affects the ease with the performer. (E.g. Snooker) ‘Skill Continuum All skills have elements of all classification, (E.g. The swim starts, gross or closed skill?)Classification of Abilities Relating to Movement Skills + Locomotor Skills rolling, sling, jogging, running, leaping, jumping, hopping, dodging, ‘galloping, and skipping, CURL a F pute m3 oat stretching, bending, twist, turn, push, pull + Nonslocomotor Skills - balancing,+ Object Control Skills - bouncing, throwing, catching, kicking, striking, smashing, overarm throwing, underarm rolling. EER SEAM DF