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Lect17 Influence Line 1 PDF

1. An influence line shows the response of a structure to a moving unit load. 2. The equilibrium method uses equations of equilibrium to derive influence lines for reactions, shear, and bending moment. 3. Muller-Breslau's principle relates influence lines to the deflected shape of a structure when a restraint is removed and a unit displacement is applied.

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67 views16 pages

Lect17 Influence Line 1 PDF

1. An influence line shows the response of a structure to a moving unit load. 2. The equilibrium method uses equations of equilibrium to derive influence lines for reactions, shear, and bending moment. 3. Muller-Breslau's principle relates influence lines to the deflected shape of a structure when a restraint is removed and a unit displacement is applied.

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彭宇鑫
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Lecture 17 Influence lines (I)

1. Definition of influence lines


2. Equilibrium method
3. Muller-Breslau’s principle

Courtesy of Prof. Yong Xia

Department of Civil & 17/10/2019 Page 1


Environmental Engineering
1. Definition

•Moving load
varying magnitude, direction, position

•Response
Varies according to the position of loads

•Issues
Maximum response (reaction, shear, bending
moment), and position of loads

Department of Civil & 17/10/2019 Page 2


Environmental Engineering
P=1 l/4 P=1

R=1 R=3/4

l/2 P=1 3l/4 P=1

R=1/2 R=1/4

P=1 R
3/4 1/2
1 1/4 X
R=0
•Definition
An influence line is a graph of a
response function of a structure as a
function of position of a downward
unit load moving across the structure.

•Methodology
Equations of equilibrium
Muller-Breslau’s principle

Department of Civil & 17/10/2019 Page 4


Environmental Engineering
2. Equilibrium method
1. Beam (statically determinate)
Response function in terms of the position of load
1) Reaction
A B
m A =0 YB = x / l l
YA YB
Equation of the influence
line for YB
YB 1
m B =0
YA = 1 − x / l YA 1
2) Shear and bending moment
A k B
x  a using free body KB l
YA a b YB
m K =0 M K = YBb = bx l
1 MK
A B
F y =0 QK = −YB = − x / l
YA YB
QK

xa using free body of AK


MK
 mK = 0 M K = YAa a ab / l
b
= a − ax / l

F y =0 QK = Y A = 1 − x / l 1 b/l
QK
a/l 1
Exercise: Influence line for YA , MA , MK , QK

A B

K
l/2 l/2

Department of Civil & 17/10/2019 Page 7


Environmental Engineering
MA x P=1
 mA = 0 MA = −x
A K
x

l/2 l/2
F y =0 YA = 1
YA

l MA
x<l/2 MK=0 QK=0

x−l/2 1 YA
MK P=1

QK l/2 MK

x>l/2 MK= -(x - l/2 )


1 QK
QK=1
x 1
2. Plane frame (determinate) x
C
Influence line for QC , ME , NE , MD , QD E
A D B
1) QC
1
x  l / 4 QC = − 1 l/4 l/4 l/2
QC
x  l/4 QC = 0
Qc
x−l/2 1
=1
2) ME , NE NE 1
ME
F y =0 N E = −1 NE
l/2
ME
m E = 0 M E = − ( x − l / 2) l/2
x 1 x

MD C
3) MD , QD E
A D B
Y A QD
YA = 1 − x / l l/4 l/4 l/2

F y = 0 QD = YA = 1 − x / l
QD 1
m A =0 M D = YA  l / 4

MD l/4

Department of Civil & 17/10/2019 Page 10


Environmental Engineering
1
3. Plane truss (determinate) E F G H
1) N1 2 3 4 a
E F A 1 D B
C
N2 a a a
N2

A B
C N1 N1 D 1 YA
YA YB
X>2a:
1
m F =0 N 1 = YA YB

X<a: 2
m F =0 N 1 = 2YB 1 N1

Department of Civil & 17/10/2019 Page 11


Environmental Engineering
1
E F G H
2) N2
X>2a:  FY = 0 N 2 = 2YA
2 3 4 a
A 1 D B
X<a: F Y = 0 N 2 = − 2YB
a
C
a a

3) N3 N2 N3
2 N2
N3 = − 2 N 2 / 2
D 2

4) N4 1 N3
1
X<2a: N4 = 0
X=3a: N4 = -1
1 N4
3. Muller-Breslau’s principle
Principle of virtual work
The influence line for a force (moment) response
function is given by the deflected shape of the
released structure obtained by removing the
restraint corresponding to the response function
from the original structure and by giving the
released structure a unit displacement (rotation)
at the location and in the direction of the response
function.

Department of Civil & 17/10/2019 Page 13


Environmental Engineering
1) Reaction x P=1
A B

YB   B − P  y( x) = 0 l
YB

1 y( x ) P=1
YB ( x) =  y( x) B
B
YB
Let B = 1
1
+

YB ( x) = y( x) YB
1

YA
YA
2) Shear and x P=1
bending moment A k B
l
a b
A 1 B

Qk a 1（
A B
Mk
b/l
a/l ab/l
Qk a
+
Mk
Department of Civil & 17/10/2019 Page 15
Environmental Engineering
Influence lines for YA , MA , MK , QK

P=1
A K Mk
l/2 l/2 Mk
1
）
1

l/2
YA
1
Qk
1
）
1
MA Qk
1
l

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