PHYSICS

Ms Nasuha
 Every Action Must Have Reaction. Do Not Give
Up. God Can Change Everything In A Second.

BAB DAYA DAN GERAKAN II

CHAPTER FORCE AND MOTION II
2.1 TEKANAN CECAIR
LIQUID PRESSURE

Jika anda letakkan jari anda pada muncung pili air untuk menahan air
yang mengalir itu, apakah yang dapat tangan anda rasakan?
If you try to put your finger over the end of a tap when it is turned on,
what your finger can feel?
Anda akan berasa satu tekanan bertindak terhadap jari anda. Ini
menunjukkan bahawa wujudnya tekanan dalam cecair. Tekanan ini
disebabkan oleh berat air.
You can feel the pressure of water on your finger. This shows that there
is pressure in liquid. This pressure is due to the weight of the water.

Apakah yang akan berlaku sekiranya kita menebuk

lubang pada beberapa bahagian menggunakan
jarum lalu picit beg plastik secara perlahan daripada
atas?
What will happen if we poke several holes in various
part of the plastic bag with needles and squeeze the
plastic bag gently from the top?

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 Every Action Must Have Reaction. Do Not Give
Up. God Can Change Everything In A Second.

Lakarkan pancutan air yang keluar apabila pita

pelekat itu ditanggalkan.
Sketch the flow of water when the tape is removed.

Apakah hubungan antara tekananan air dengan jarak

pancutan air yang keluar daripada lubang?
What is the relationship between the pressure of
water and the distance of its flow from the holes?

Hitung:
Calculate
(a) Isipadu cecair
Volume of liquid
(b) Jisim cecair Tinggi
Mass of liquid Kentumpatan Height
Density h
(c) Berat cecair
Weight of liquid p

(d) Daya ke atas tapak Luas tapak

Force on base Base area
(e) Tekanan cecair A
Liquid pressure

Aiman mendapati kedua-dua telinganya merasa

Amin tidak selesa disebabkan tekanan air laut.
Aiman noticed that both of his ears feel
uncomfortable due to the pressure of the sea
water.
Aiman
Nyatakan:
State:
(a) Inferens
Inference
(b) Hipotesis
Hypothesis
(c) Pemboleh ubah dimanipulasi
Manipulated variable
(d) Pemboleh ubah bergerak balas
Responding variable
(e) Pemboleh ubah malar
Fixed variable

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 Every Action Must Have Reaction. Do Not Give
Up. God Can Change Everything In A Second.

1. Jika ketumpatan air ialah 1000 kg m-3, berapakah tekanan disebabkan air pada dasar sebuah kolam renang 2 m
dalam.
If the density of water is 1000 kg m-3, what is the pressure due to the water at the bottom of a swimming pool 2
m deep?

2. Diberi ketumpatan merkuri ialah 13 600 kgm-3. Hitung tekanan merkuri pada titik 40 cm daripada permukaan
merkuri.
Given that the density of mercury is 13 600 kgm-3. Calculate the pressure of mercury at a point 40 cm from the
mercury surface

3. Rajah menunjukkan keratan rentas sebuah empangan. Ketumpatan air ialah 1000 kg m-3. Hitung tekanan yang
dikenakan oleh air pada titik X.
Diagram shows a cross sectional area of a dam. The density of water in the dam is 1000 kg m-3. Calculate the
pressure exerted by the water at X.

4m

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 Every Action Must Have Reaction. Do Not Give
Up. God Can Change Everything In A Second.

4. Rajah menunjukkan dua tin yang serupa dengan satu lubang, masing-masing diisi dengan air dan minyak.
Apabila lubang dibuka, jarak pancutan minyak dan air adalah seperti ditunjukkan.
Diagram shows two identical cans with a hole are filled with water and oil respectively. When the hole is
opened, the distance of oil and water spurts are as shown.

(a) Bandingkan jarak pancutan air

Compare the distance of the liquid spurt
(b) Bandingkan ketumpatan cecari itu
Compare the density of the liquids
(c) Nyatakan hubungan antara jarak pancutan cecair dan ketumpatan
State the relationship between the distance of the liquids and the density
(d) Nyatakan hubungan antara ketumpatan cecair dengan tekanan cecair.
State the relationship between density and liquid pressure

5. Rajah menunjukkan dua jensi cecair yang diisi dalam sebatang tiub-U.
Ketumpatan cecair X ialah 920kg m-3.
Diagram shows two types of liquids filled into a U-tube. The density of
liquid X is 920 kg m-3.
(a) Bandingkan ketumpatan cecair X dengan cecair Y. Jelaskan jawapan
anda
Compare the density of liquid X and liquid Y. Explain your answer.
(b) Hitung ketumpatan cecair Y
Calculate the density of liquid Y

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 Every Action Must Have Reaction. Do Not Give
Up. God Can Change Everything In A Second.

Aplikasi Tekanan Cecair dalam Kehidupan

Applications of liquid pressure in life

 Kedudukan tangka dalam rumah

Position of water tank in the house
 Kedudukan cecair intravena
Position of intravenous liquid
 Pembinaan empangan
Construction of dam
 Penggunaan sifon
Use of the siphon

1. Satu gelombang udara berada pada kedalaman 5m daripada permukaan air sebuah tasik. Berapakah tekanan air yang
bertindak ke atas gelombang udara jika ketumpatan air ialah 1000 kg m-3.
An air bubble is at depth of 5m below the surface of a lake. What is the pressure of water on the bubble if the density
of the water is 1000 kg m-3?

A 2 × 103 Pa
B 5 × 10−3 Pa
C 5 × 103 Pa
D 5 × 104 Pa

2. Rajah menunjukkan sebuah silinder yang mengandungi minyak.

The diagram shows a cylinder containing oil.

2.6 m
X
0.6 m

Ketumpatan minyak ialah 800 kg m-3. Tekanan yang disebabkan oleh minyak di X ialah
The density of the oil is 800 kg m-3. The pressure exerted by the oil at X is

A 400 Pa
B 4 800 Pa
C 8 000 Pa
D 16 000 Pa

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 Every Action Must Have Reaction. Do Not Give
Up. God Can Change Everything In A Second.

3. Rajah menunjukkan tiga bekas yang berlainan bentuk diisi dengan air dengan paras yang sama
Diagram shows three containers with different shapes filled with water with the same level.

P1 P2 P3

Perbandingan tekanan disebabkan air manakah yang betul?

Which comparison of pressure caused by the water is correct?

A P1 > P2 > P3
B P1 < P2 < P3
C P1 = P2 = P3

4. Rajah menunjukkan sebuah sistem sifon.

Diagram shows a siphon system

P Q

Manakah antara berikut adalah benar?

Which of the following is correct?

A Air dalam bikar P mengalir ke dalam bikar Q sehingga isipadu air dalam bikar P sama dengan isipadu air dalam bikar
Q.
Water in beaker P flows into beaker Q until the volume of water in beaker P is the same as the volume in beaker Q
B Air dalam bikar P mengalir ke dalam bikar Q sehingga parasa air dalam bikar P sama dengan paras bikar Q
Water in beaker P flows into beaker Q until the level of water in beaker P is the same as the level in beaker Q
C Air dalam bikar P mengalir ke dalam bikar Q sehingga bikar Q penuh
Water in beaker P flows into beaker Q until beaker Q is full
D Air dalam bikar P mengalir ke dalam bikar Q sehingga bikar Q kosong
Water in beaker P flows into beaker Q until beaker Q is empty

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 Every Action Must Have Reaction. Do Not Give
Up. God Can Change Everything In A Second.

5. Dinding sebuah empangan lebih tebal di bahagian bawah berbanding bahagian atas kerana
The wall of a dam is much thicker at the bottom than at the top because

A Tekanan air di bahagian atas lebih rendah daripada tekanan air pada aras lebih dalam
Pressure of water at the upper level is lower than pressure of water at the deeper level
B Tekanan air di bahagian atas sama dengan tekanan air di aras lebih dalam
Pressure of water at the upper level is the same as the pressure at the deeper level
C Tekanan air di bahagian atas lebih tinggi daripada tekanan air di aras lebih dalam
Pressure of water at the upper level is higher than pressure of water at the deeper level.

6. Rajah menunjukkan proses penyaluran air daripada tangka air di atas bukit ke tangka X di atas sebuah bangunan tinggi.
Diagram shows the process of supplying water from a water bank on a hill to a water tank on a tall building.

Hitung tekanan air di X.

Calculate the pressure of the water at X.
[Ketumpatan air / Density of water = 1000 kgm-3]

A 1.4 × 105 Nm-2

B 1.6 × 105 Nm-2
C 2.6 × 105 Nm-2
D 3.0 × 105 Nm-2

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 Every Action Must Have Reaction. Do Not Give
Up. God Can Change Everything In A Second.

7. Air dengan jisim yang sama dituang ke dalam empat bekas. Dalam bekas manakah tekanan air pada tapak adalah
paling besar?
Same volume of water is poured into four containers. In which container is the pressure exerted by the water on the
base the greatest?

A B C
8. Rajah menunjukkan seekor ikan di dalam laut.
Diagram shows a fish in the sea

6m

Berapakah tekanan yang dikenakan oleh air ke atas ikan itu?

What is the pressure exerted by the water on the fish?
[Ketumpatan air / Density of water = 1000 kgm-3]

A 6 × 10−3 Pa
B 6 × 101 Pa
C 6 × 103 Pa
D 6 × 104 Pa

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 Every Action Must Have Reaction. Do Not Give
9. Rajah menunjukkan sebuah bekas berisi air. Up. God Can Change Everything In A Second.
Diagram shows a container filled with water.

X

Y

Perbandingan manakah yang betul mengenai tekanan di X dan Y?

Which is the correct comparison of the pressures at X and Y?
A X>Y
B X=Y
C X<Y

10. Antara jarak pancutan air, minyak dan air garam, susunan manakah yang betul?
Between the spurt distance of water, oil and salt water, which arrangement is correct?
A Air < Minyak < Air garam
Water < Oil < Salt water
B Air garam > Air > Minyak
Salt water > Water > Oil
C Air garam < Minyak < Air
Salt water < Oil < Water

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 Every Action Must Have Reaction. Do Not Give
11. Rajah menunjukkan sistem sifon. Up. God Can Change Everything In A Second.
Diagram shows siphon system.

A B C

(a) Apakah itu sifron?

What is siphon?

_________________________________________________________________________________

(b) Namakan tekanan bertindak pada A dan B

Name the pressure acts on A and B

_________________________________________________________________________________

(c) Bandingkan tekanan pada A, B dan C.

Compare the pressure at A, B and C

_________________________________________________________________________________

(d) Namakan tekanan pada D

Name the pressure acts at D

_________________________________________________________________________________

(e) Tuliskan satu persamaan menunjukkan jumlah tekanan bertindak pada D

Write an equation to show total pressure acts at D

(f) Bandingkan tekanan di D dengan tekanan atmosfera di luar pada bahagian bawah tiub
Compare the pressure at D with atmospheric pressure outside at the bottom of the tube

_________________________________________________________________________________

(g) Apakah yang menyebabkan air terus mengalir berterusan dalam tiub?
What make the water level flows continuously into the tube?

_________________________________________________________________________________

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 Every Action Must Have Reaction. Do Not Give
Up. God Can Change Everything In A Second.

12. Rajah menunjukkan dua bekas berbeza diisi dengan air. Tekanan air pada titik P dan Q adalah sama.
Diagram shows two different containers filled with water. The water pressure at point P and Q are the same.

12cm 12cm

P Q
(a) Apakah maksud tekanan
What is the meaning of pressure?

_________________________________________________________________________________

(b) Nyatakan satu faktor yang mempengaruhi tekanan air pada titik P dan Q
State one factor that affect the water pressure at point P and Q.

_________________________________________________________________________________

(c) Hitung tekanan air pada titik P.

Calculate the water pressure at point P
[Ketumpatan air / Density of water = 1000 kgm-3]

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 Every Action Must Have Reaction. Do Not Give
Up. God Can Change Everything In A Second.

13. Rajah menunjukkan sebuah tangka air yang membekalkan air ke sebuah blok rumah pangsa. Air mengalir ke setiap rumah
itu disebabkan oleh tekanan air.
Diagram shows a water tank that supplies water to a block flats. The water flows to each unit of the flat due to water
pressure.

(a) Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan tekanan?

What is meant by pressure?

____________________________________________________________________________________

(b) Tangki air setinggi 3.0 m diisi penuh dengan air. Hitung tekanan air pada dasar tangka itu.
A water tank with a height of 3.0 m is fully filled with water. Calculate the water pressure at the base of the water.
[Ketumpatan air / Density of water = 1000 kgm-3]

(c) Bandingkan tekanan di P dan Q. Jelaskan jawapan anda.

Compare the water pressure at P and Q. Explain your answe

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 Every Action Must Have Reaction. Do Not Give
NOTES : Up. God Can Change Everything In A Second.

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