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    Number Systems and Logic Gates

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    sejalraipure35
    The document discusses number systems and basic logic gates used in digital systems. It covers the different number systems like binary, decimal, hexadecimal and octal. It also explains binary to hexadecimal conversion and provides examples. Finally, it describes the commonly used logic gates like NOT, AND, OR, NAND, NOR and EXOR gates along with their truth tables and logic diagrams.

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    Number Systems and Logic Gates

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    sejalraipure35
    5 views16 pages
    The document discusses number systems and basic logic gates used in digital systems. It covers the different number systems like binary, decimal, hexadecimal and octal. It also explains binary to hexadecimal conversion and provides examples. Finally, it describes the commonly used logic gates like NOT, AND, OR, NAND, NOR and EXOR gates along with their truth tables and logic diagrams.

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    The document discusses number systems and basic logic gates used in digital systems. It covers the different number systems like binary, decimal, hexadecimal and octal. It also explains binary to hexadecimal conversion and provides examples. Finally, it describes the commonly used logic gates like NOT, AND, OR, NAND, NOR and EXOR gates along with their truth tables and logic diagrams.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    5 views16 pages

    Number Systems and Logic Gates

    Uploaded by

    sejalraipure35
    The document discusses number systems and basic logic gates used in digital systems. It covers the different number systems like binary, decimal, hexadecimal and octal. It also explains binary to hexadecimal conversion and provides examples. Finally, it describes the commonly used logic gates like NOT, AND, OR, NAND, NOR and EXOR gates along with their truth tables and logic diagrams.

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    Number systems and Logic

    Gates
    Embedded System and Robotics MOOC
    e-Yantra Team
    Content

    Digital System

    Number System

    Types of Number System

    Conversion Table

    Binary to Hexadecimal conversion

    Basic Logic Gates


    What is Digital System?

    ● Designed to store, process, and communicate information in digital (binary)


    form
    ● Variety of applications (e.g., Computer)
    ● Computers manipulate information (text, image, audio, video) in binary form
    ● Binary form: 0 or 1
    0

    1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91

    2 12 22 32 42 52 62 72 82 92

    3 13 23 33 43 53 63 73 83 93

    4 14 24 34 44 54 64 74 84 94

    5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95

    6 16 26 36 46 56 66 76 86 96

    7 17 27 37 47 57 67 77 87 97

    8 18 28 38 48 58 68 78 88 98

    9 19 29 39 49 59 69 79 89 99

    10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
    3-bit Binary 4-bit Binary 4-bit Binary

    Binary Combinations 000 0000 1000

    001 0001 1001

    010 0010 1010

    2-bit Binary 011 0011 1011

    00 100 0100 1100


    1-bit Binary 01 101 0101 1101
    0 10 110 0110 1110
    1 11 111 0111 1111
    Number System

    ● Way of representing numbers


    ● Types:

    Number System Base Numbers range

    Decimal 10 0-9

    Binary 2 0,1

    Octal 8 0-7

    Hexadecimal 16 0-9, A to F
    Conversion table
    Binary to Hexadecimal conversion
    ● All the registers are 8-bit (8 bit binary value)
    ● Consider e.g., 11110110
    7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

    1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0
    ● Group 4-bits
    ● Represent using hex number

    1111 0110

    F 6

    ● Conversion result: 11110110 = 0xF6 (0x - indicates number is hex)


    Contd..
    ● Representation in code (consider number = 15):
    ○ Binary: 0b00001111
    ○ Hex: 0x0F
    ○ Decimal: 15
    ○ Octal: 017
    ● 8-bit representation
    Decimal 0 255

    Binary 0000 0000 1111 1111

    Hex 00 FF

    Hex (code) 0x00 0xFF


    Examples:
    0110 1100
    ● Binary number: 01101100

    Hex converted number: 0x6C

    ● Binary number: 11100101 1110 0101

    Hex converted number: 0xE5

    ● Binary number: 10111 0001 0111

    Hex converted number: 0x17


    Logic Gates
    ● Basic building blocks of digital system
    ● Circuit with inputs (one or multiple) and output (only one)
    ● Generated output depends on input and logic
    ● Logic Gates:
    ○ NOT Gate
    ○ AND Gate
    ○ OR Gate
    ○ NAND Gate
    ○ NOR Gate
    ○ EXOR Gate
    ○ EXNOR Gate
    NOT Gate (Inverter)

    ● Purpose: To perform negation on all bits


    ● Symbol: ~
    ● Logic Diagram:

    ● Truth Table:
    Input Output

    0 1

    1 0
    AND Gate

    ● Purpose: To RESET particular bit/s


    ● Symbol: &
    ● Logic Diagram:
    A B Y = A.B

    ● Truth Table: 0 0 0

    0 1 0

    1 0 0

    1 1 1
    OR Gate

    ● Purpose: To SET particular bit/s


    ● Symbol: |
    ● Logic Diagram:
    A B Y= A OR B

    ● Truth Table: 0 0 0

    0 1 1

    1 0 1

    1 1 1
    EX-OR Gate

    ● Purpose: To toggle particular bit/s


    ● Symbol: ^
    ● Logic Diagram:
    A B Y

    ● Truth Table: 0 0 0

    0 1 1

    1 0 1

    1 1 0
    References

    https://www.circuitcrush.com/logic-gates-basics-tutorial/

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