ENVIRONMENTAL CRISIS

AND
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
G R O U P 3

MEMBERS:
Herleen Joy Baydo, Marian Agnes Belonio, Lealyn Biansat, Ynette Dagasao, Raysa Diamante, Gemma Mae Galan, Irish Galvan,
Joeter Nacita, James Russel Neluna
 Learning Outcomes
At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

discuss the origins and manifestations of global

1 environment crisis;

relate everyday encounters with pollution, global warming,

2 desertification, ozone depletion, and many others with a larger
picture of environmental degradation: and

examine the policies and programs of governments

3 around that address the environmental crisis
WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL CRISIS?
The environmental crisis is a term that is used to
describe the sum of the environmental problems that we face
today. These problems are caused by human activities that
harm the natural environment and threaten the well-being of
all living things on Earth. Some of the key contemporary
environmental problems includes:
WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL CRISIS?
• The green house effects and global • The hole in the ozone layer
warming

• Acid rain • Tropical forest clearance

WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL CRISIS?
Those are just some of the examples of the
environmental problems that we face today. They are
interconnected and have serious consequences for the future
of our planet and humanity. To address the environmental
crisis, we need to change our behavior, policies, and
technologies, and adopt more sustainable and resilient ways of
living. We also need to raise awareness and educate ourselves
and others about the causes and effects of the environmental
crisis, and the solutions that are possible.
 The depredation caused by industrial and transportation
toxins and plastics in the ground, the defiling of the sea,
rivers, and water beds by oil spill and acid rain; the dumping
of urban waste.

WORLDS’
LEADING Changes in global weather patterns (flash floods, extreme
snowstorm, and the spread of deserts) and the surge in ocean
and land temperature leading to a rise in sea levels (as polar

ENVIRONMENTAL
ice cups melts because of the weather), plus the flooding of
many lowland areas across the world.

PROBLEM
Overpopulation
 The exhaustion of the world's natural non-renewable
resources from oil reserves to minerals to portable
water.

WORLDS’
LEADING A waste disposal catastrophe due to the excessive amount of
waste (from plastic to food packages to electronic wave) unloaded
by communities in landfills as well as on ocean; and the dumping

ENVIRONMENTAL
of nuclear waste.

PROBLEM
The destruction of million year old ecosystems and the
loss of biodiversity (destruction of the coral reefs and
massive deforestation) that have led to the extinction of
particular species.
 The reduction of oxygen and the increase in the carbon
dioxide in the atmosphere because of deforestation,
resulting in the rise in the ocean acidity by as much as
150% in the last 250 years.

WORLDS’
LEADING Deadly acid rain as a result of fossil fuel combustion,
toxic chemicals from erupting volcanoes, and the
massive rooting vegetables filling up the garbage

ENVIRONMENTAL dumps or left out on the streets.

PROBLEM
The depletion of ozone layer protecting the planet from the
sun’s deadly ultraviolet rays due to chlorofluorocarbons
(CFCs) in the atmosphere.
 Water pollution arising from industrial and community waste
reaidues seeping into underground water tables, rivers, and
seas.

WORLDS’
LEADING Urban sprawls that continue to expand as city turns into
megalopolis, destroying farmlands, increasing traffic
gridlock and making smog cloud a permanent urban

ENVIRONMENTAL fixture.

PROBLEM
Pandemics and other threats to public health arising from
waste mixing with drinking water, polluted environments
that become breeding grounds for mosquitoes and
disease carrying rodents, and pollution.
 WORLDS’
LEADING A radical alterations of food system because of
genetic modifications in food production.
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROBLEM
 MAN MADE POLLUTION
Man-made pollutants can threaten human health and
compromise the natural ecosystem and environment. Man-
made pollution is generally a byproduct of human actions such
as consumption, waste disposal, industrial production,
transportation and energy generation. Pollutants can enter the
surrounding environment in various ways, either through the
atmosphere, water systems or soil, and can persist for
generations if left untreated.
MAN MADE POLLUTION
Saudi Arabia
 Riyadh declared one of the most polluted cities in the world due to
sandstorms and combustion exhaust.

China
 Coal fumes contaminate 20% of soil, threatening food
supply

India
 Air pollution worsened by inadequate
monitoring system.
MAN MADE POLLUTION
Nigeria
 94% of population exposed to dangerous levels of air
pollution.

Botswana
 Gaborone ranked as the 7th most polluted city in the
world.

China and India

 Mining waste pollutes rivers and oceans,
destroying sea life and posing health risks.
MAN MADE POLLUTION
West Africa
 Pollution affects atmospheric circulation, leading to
climatic disruptions and desertification.

Health Impact
 Pollution contributes to premature deaths, lung cancer,
and other health issues

Disproportionate Impact on the Poor

 Low-income communities are most
vulnerable to environmental problems.
MAN MADE POLLUTION
Urban Pollution
 Public transport, such as buses and motorcycles,
contribute to pollution.
  Governments believe that to become fully developed,
countries must be industrialized, urbanized, and have a
robust middle class with access to modern amenities.

 A developed society should also provide jobs, public

transport, and affordable food for the poor.

CATCHING  Food production relies on free trade and a modernized

agricultural sector with technologies like fertilizers and
modified crops.

UP  The United States is seen as the model of an ideal

modern society, but it has also caused significant
environmental damage, being responsible for 27% of
the world's carbon dioxide emissions, and to this
dubbed as the worst polluter in the history of the world.

 Countries like China, India, and Indonesia are focused

on achieving economic growth and catching up with
the West, which can lead to overconsumption, waste,
inefficiency, and environmental pollution.
  These countries rely on their natural resources like
coal, oil, forest products, and minerals to drive
industrialization. - However, these extractive
economies are finite and contribute to pollution.

 Developing countries may prioritize economic progress

over environmental sustainability, following the
CATCHING example of the United States.

 The challenge is to ensure environmental sustainability

UP while addressing the development needs of poor
countries
Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and
weather patterns. Such shifts can be natural, due to changes in the
sun’s activity or large volcanic eruptions. Human activities have
been the main driver of climate change, primarily due to the burning
of fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas.

Burning fossil fuels generates greenhouse gas emissions that act

like a blanket wrapped around the Earth, trapping the sun’s heat
and raising temperatures. The main greenhouse gases that are
causing climate change include carbon dioxide and methane.

Global warming is the result of billion of tons of carbon dioxide

(coming from coal-burning power plants and transportation), various
air pollutants, and other gases accumulating in the atmosphere.
These pollutants trap the sun's radiation causing the warming of the
earth's surface. With the current amount of carbon dioxide and
other gases, this "greenhouse effect" has sped up the rise in the
world temperature.215
The greenhouse effect is responsible for recurring heat waves
and long droughts in certain places, as well as for heavier
rainfall and devastating hurricanes and typhoons in others

California had experienced its worst water shortage in 1,200

years due to global warming

In India and Southeast Asia, global warming altered the

summer monsoon patterns, leading to intermittent flooding that
seriously affected food production and consumption as well as
infrastructure networks. Category 4 or 5 typhoons, like the
Super Typhoon Haiyan that hit the central Philippines in 2013,
had doubled and even tripled in some areas of the (Southeast
Asian) basin. Scientists claim that there will be more [of such]
typhoons in the coming years.
In the Eastern United States, the number of storms had also
gone up, with Hurricane Katrina (2005) and Hurricane Sandy
(2012) being the worst.

Glaciers are melting every year since 2002, with Antarctica

losing 134 billion metric of ice

There is coastal flooding not only in the United States eastern

seaboard but also in the Gulf of Mexico. Coral reefs in the
Australian Great Barrier Reef are dying, and the production
capacities of farms and fisheries have been affected.

Flooding has allowed more breeding grounds for disease

carriers like the Aedes aegypti mosquito and the cholera
bacteria
The consequences of climate change may include; intense
droughts, water scarcity, severe fires, rising sea levels,
flooding, melting polar ice, catastrophic storms and
declining biodiversity.

Climate change can also affect our health, ability to grow

food, housing, safety and work. Some of us are already more
vulnerable to climate impacts, such as people living in small
island nations and other developing countries. Conditions like
sea-level rise and saltwater intrusion have advanced to the point
where whole communities have had to relocate, and protracted
droughts are putting people at risk of famine.

Therefore, climate change is the most significant problem facing

the world. Global warming is increasing day by day. If we cannot
prevent it as soon as possible, our world will face undesirable
consequences
 COMBATING GLOBAL WARMING
In 1997, 192 countries signed the Kyoto Protocol to
reduce greenhouse gases

following, the 1992 United Nations Earth Summit

where a Framework Convention for Climate Change
was finalized.
 COMBATING GLOBAL WARMING
 United States - the biggest polluter in
the world

 Developing countries lack the funds to

implement the protocols guidelines as
mant of them need international aid to
get things moving

 A 2010 World Bank report concluded that the protocol only had a slight impact
on reducing global emissions, in part because of the non-binding nature of the
agreement.
 COMBATING GLOBAL WARMING
 Paris Accord- seeks to limit the
increase in the global average
temperature based on targeted goals
as recommended by scientists.
 COMBATING GLOBAL WARMING
Social Movements - groups of people who share the same ideas about what they
believe is important, campaigning for change by protesting, advocating, or making
speeches
 SOUTH AFRICA communities engage in environmental activisms to pressure
industries to reduce emissions and to lobby parliament for the passage of pro-
environment laws

 El Salvador local officials and grassroots organizations from 1000 communities

push for the crop diversification, a reduction of industrial sugar cane production,
the protection of endangered sea species from the devastating effects of
commercial fishing, the preservation of lowlands being eroded by deforestation up
in rivers and inconsistent release of water from a nearby dam.
 COMBATING GLOBAL WARMING
 The University of Chicago’s Energy Policy Institute sent teams to India to work
with government offices, businesses, and communities coming up with a viable
ground-level projects that “strike a balance between urgently needed economic
growth and improved air quality”
 COMBATING GLOBAL WARMING
 In Japan, the population pressure
forced the government to work with
civil society groups, academia, and
political parties to get the parliament
to pass “a blizard of laws- 14 passed
at once- in what became known as the
Polution of Diet of 1970.
 COMBATING GLOBAL WARMING
 Now everyone needs to create such alliances all over the world. At this point, when
governments hesitate to commit fully to fighting pollution, and when international
organizations still lack the power to implement anti-pollution policies, social
coalitions are created that unite village associations, scientists, the media, local and
national governments. , and even international aid. organizations together may be
the only way to reverse the worsening situation.
 SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT
GOALS
The Sustainable Development Goals are a universal call to
action to end poverty, protect the planet, and improve the
lives and prospects of everyone, everywhere. The 17 Goals
were adopted by all UN Member States in 2015, as part of
the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development which set
out a 15-year plan to achieve the Goals.
 17 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS OF UN
Goal 1: End poverty in all its forms everywhere
Eradicating extreme poverty for all people everywhere by 2030 is a pivotal goal of the 2030
Agenda for Sustainable Development. Extreme poverty, defined as surviving on less than $2.15
per person per day in 2017 purchasing power parity, has witnessed remarkable declines over
recent decades.

Goal 2 is about creating a world free of hunger by 2030.The global issue of hunger and food
insecurity has shown an alarming increase since 2015, a trend exacerbated by a combination of
factors including the pandemic, conflict, climate change, and deepening inequalities

Great strides have been made in improving people’s health in recent years. 146 out of 200
countries or areas have already met or are on track to meet the SDG target on under-5 mortality.
 17 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS OF UN

Education is the key that will allow many other Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to be
achieved. When people are able to get quality education they can break from the cycle of
poverty.

Gender equality is not only a fundamental human right, but a necessary foundation for a
peaceful, prosperous and sustainable world.

Access to safe water, sanitation and hygiene is the most basic human need for health and well-
being.
 17 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS OF UN
Goal 7 is about ensuring access to clean and affordable energy, which is key to the development
of agriculture, business, communications, education, healthcare and transportation

Goal 8 is about promoting inclusive and sustainable economic growth, employment and decent
work for all.

Goal 9 seeks to build resilient infrastructure, promote sustainable industrialization and foster
innovation.
 17 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS OF UN
Inequality threatens long-term social and economic development, harms poverty reduction and
destroys people’s sense of fulfillment and self-worth. Reducing inequality requires transformative
change.

Goal 11 is about making cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable.
Cities represent the future of global living.

Goal 12 is about ensuring sustainable consumption and production patterns, which is key to
sustain the livelihoods of current and future generations.
 17 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS OF UN
Every person, in every country in every continent will be impacted in some shape or form by
climate change. There is a climate cataclysm looming, and we are underprepared for what this
could mean. Urgent and transformative going beyond mere plans and promises are crucial.

Goal 14 is about conserving and sustainably using the oceans, seas and marine resources.
Healthy oceans and seas are essential to human existence and life on Earth.

Goal 15 is about conserving life on land. It is to protect and restore terrestrial ecosystems,
sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and
stop biodiversity loss.
 17 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS OF UN

Goal 16 is about promoting peaceful and inclusive societies, providing access to justice for all
and building effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels.

Goal 17 is about revitalizing the global partnership for sustainable development. The 2030
Agenda is universal and calls for action by all countries – developed and developing – to ensure
no one is left behind. It requires partnerships between governments, the private sector, and civil
society.
 WHAT COUNTRIES IMPLEMENT SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT?

The 2030 Agenda, approved by the United Nations at the end of 2015, contemplates the
implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals. While these seventeen goals -with
their 169 targets- seek to improve the living conditions and conservation of the environment
especially in developing countries, they also include improvement expectative for developed
countries.

In order to reach the year 2030 with fulfilment guarantees of these purposes it is necessary
to follow up the implementation of the SDGs. There are United Nations official initiatives
such as the Sustainable Development Solutions Network, which monitors the activity of
countries and regions in the work of implementing the SDGs and also records the
information.
 WHAT COUNTRIES IMPLEMENT SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT?

For its part, the Bertelsmann business group publishes an annual report with the
collaboration of hundreds of public and private organizations that compiles a thorough
analysis of the implementation level of the Sustainable Development Goals in at least 80%
of the countries included in the 2030 Agenda with a population of over one million
inhabitants.
 WHAT COUNTRIES IMPLEMENT SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT?

The Scandinavian countries, at the top, Sweden (85.98), Denmark (85.68), Norway
(82.00) and Finland (86.76) top the leading positions.
 WHAT COUNTRIES IMPLEMENT SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT?

African countries like the Central African Republic (40.40), Liberia (49.88), the Democratic
Republic of the Congo 348.58) or Niger (48.31)
 WHAT COUNTRIES IMPLEMENT SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT?

Spain with (80.43); Chile with (78.22); Mexico with (69.71); Peru with (71.66) and
Colombia with (70.05).
 WHAT COUNTRIES IMPLEMENT SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT?

United States with (75.91); Canada with (78.50); Australia with (75.90)and the United
Kingdome with (81.65).
COUNTRIES PERFORMANCE

E U R O P E
COUNTRIES PERFORMANCE

A M E R I C A
COUNTRIES PERFORMANCE

O C E A N I A
COUNTRIES PERFORMANCE

A S I A
COUNTRIES PERFORMANCE

A F R I C A
 WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT GOALS?
IMPLEMENTATION PROGRESS: The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2023

Annually, the UN Secretary General (António Guterres) collaboratively

develops the SDG Progress report with the UN System, relying on the
global indicator framework and data from national statistical systems and
regional information.

CURRENT SDG STATUS:

 Only 12% of SDGs are on track, indicating stagnation in progress, as
per the Global Sustainable Development Report 2023.
 Urgent need for political will, international cooperation, and financial
resources to bridge the gap between intent and action for SDG
achievement.
 The upcoming Summit of the Future in 2024 is identified as a crucial
milestone to hold leaders accountable for SDG progress.
 Sustainable development Goal: 3 pillar model
1. Economic Viability
A business is economically feasible (sustainable) when:
 can sustain its financing.
 Sustain its access to material resources.
 Sustain its license to operate.
2. Environmental Protection
This pillar sets goals to help restore our natural capital, think,
reducing fossil fuel emissions and deforestation, evolving
sustainable agriculture, and promoting circularity within
industry value chains.

3. Social Equity
This pillar supports initiatives to promote peace, inclusiveness,
social justice, and economic autonomy, within business
networks and grassroots movements.
 The Essential Significance of Political Stability in Attaining the
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

POLITICAL STABILITY is a necessary condition for achieving the SDGs and maintaining a worthy living
equal life. Democracy, accountability, and visionary leadership are essential elements in promoting
political stability. Political stability creates an enabling environment for addressing poverty, protecting the
planet, and promoting peace and prosperity for all. Achieving the SDGs requires the commitment of all
stakeholders, including governments, civil society, and the private sector, to work together towards a
common goal.

DEMOCRACY is an essential component of achieving political stability. It establishes a framework for

inclusive decision-making, ensuring that everyone's voice is heard and considered. Strong VISIONARY
LEADERSHIP is another critical element in achieving political stability. Visionary leaders have a clear
sense of purpose and direction, and they inspire and mobilize their followers towards a common goal.
 ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY
ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY involves conducting economic activities to preserve
and enhance long-term economic well-being. It seeks to achieve a balance between
economic growth, resource efficiency, social equity, and financial stability in practice.
There are several ways to create a sustainable economy which are considered in the
section New Economics. These strategies include economies that are:

Steady state
- A steady-state economy is an economy structured to balance growth with environmental integrity.
Circular economy
- create a loop where all outputs of the economy are not wasted but recycled back into production.
Localized economy
- It is the process of building economic structures that allow the goods and services a community needs to be
produced locally and regionally whenever possible.
Solar economy
- a non-carbon economy
 SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY
Social Sustainability and Inclusion focuses on the need to “put people first” in development processes.
It promotes social inclusion of the poor and vulnerable by empowering people, building cohesive and
resilient societies, and making institutions accessible and accountable to citizens.

Equality and justice as the foundations for social sustainability

Equality
- Equality means that individuals have equal moral value. On the one hand, equality refers to the equal
intrinsic value of individuals. In terms of people, human dignity is often said to be an inalienable right,
which does not depend on the person’s actions, merits, or social status.
Justice
- In addition to equality, the goals of social sustainability can be viewed with the help of different
dimensions of justice.
Conclusi
The environmental crisis underscores the urgency of

on
adopting sustainable development practices. Lessons learned
emphasize the interconnectedness of ecosystems, the impact of
human activities on the environment, and the need for global
cooperation. Balancing economic growth with environmental
conservation is crucial for long-term well-being. Individual actions,
corporate responsibility, and government policies play vital roles in
fostering a sustainable future. Continuous education and innovation
are essential for addressing environmental challenges and
promoting a harmonious relationship between humanity and the
planet.
THANK YOU!!!