Environmental Crisis

Environmental Crisis
and
Sustainable Development
World’s Leading Environmental Problems
The depredation caused by:

 Industrial and transportation toxins and plastic in the ground
 The defiling of the sea, rivers, and water beds by oil spill
and acid rain
 The dumping of urban waste
 Changes in global weather patterns
 Overpopulation
 The exhaustion of world’s natural

non-renewable resources from oil
reserves to portable water.
 A waste disposal catastrophe due to excessive
amount of waste unloaded by communities in
landfills as well as the ocean and the dumping of
nuclear waste.
 The destruction of million year-old ecosystems and

the loss of biodiversity that have led extinction of
particular species and the decline in the numbers of
others.
 The reduction of oxygen and the increase in carbon
dioxide in the atmosphere because of deforestation,
resulting in the rise in ocean acidity as much as
150% in the last 250 years.
 The depletion of ozone layer protecting the planet

from sun’s deadly ultraviolet rays due to
chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in the atmosphere.
 Deadly acid rain as a result of fossil fuel combustion, toxic
chemical erupting volcanoes, and the massive rotting
vegetables filling up garbage dumps or left on the streets.
 Water pollution arising from industrial and community waste

residues seeping into underground water tables, rivers and
seas.
 Urban sprawls that continue to expand as a city turns into a

megapolis, destroying farmlands, increasing traffic gridlock
and making smog cloud a permanent urban fixture.
 Pandemics and other threats to public health arising from waste
mixing with drinking water, polluted environments that become
breeding grounds for mosquitoes and disease carrying rodents and
pollution.
 A radical alteration of food systems because of genetic

modifications in food production.
Natural Changes: Volcanic Eruptions
US Geological Survey:
“That Kilauea (volcano in Hawaii) has been releasing more than twice the
amount of noxious sulfur dioxide (SO2) as the dirtiest power plant on the
United States mainland.”
Eruption of Mount Pinatubo (June 15, 2001)

“15-20 megaton of sulfur oxide in the stratosphere to offset the present global
warming trends severely impact the ozone budget.”
(University of Hawaii)
Man-Made
Pollutions
China
Saudi Arabia  Coal Fumes in China:
 Sandstorms Burning coals that is India
dangerous to
combined with inhale(emit gas, Nigeria Gaborone,
combustion smoke, vapor).
 Green Peace Botswana
exhaust from India-
traffic and  20% of China’s soil is Reported in  94% of
industrial waste. contaminated 2015, air population is  7th most
pollution in the exposed to air polluted city in
 Riyadh- one of  Rice lands in Hunan
pollution the world
and Zhuzhou have country was at
the most polluted
heavy materials from its worst.
cities in the world. the mines threatening
the food supply.
 2030
The emission of aerosols and other gases from car exhaust, burning of word or
garbage, indoor cooking, diesel-fueled electric generators, and petrochemical plants are
projected quadruple.
 Aerosol is tagged as the main culprit in changing rainfall patterns in Asia and
Atlantic Ocean.
 Shanxi Maanqiao Ecological Mining Ltd.

-Producing 12,000 tons of gold
-It caused pollution and safety problems
20 years ago in China: 50,000 rivers

2013: 28,000 rivers disappeared as a result of climate change
 Malanjkhand, India
Biggest copper mine in India
Discharge high levels of toxic heavy metals are projected quadruple.
 Scientific American
-Archive article in a journal
-Blamed the pollution for contributing to more than half a
million premature deaths each year at the cost of hundreds billion
dollars.
 International Agency for Research on Cancer

-Blamed the air pollution for 223,000 lung cancer
deaths in 2010.
 West Virginia- Coal mines made people sick, some are with rare cancers
-Kids with kidney stones
-Premature deaths
-Short life expectancy for children with congenital disabilities
 India
Impaired Lung Function due to air pollution :
Delhi-46%
Calcutta-56%
 China
Toxicity of soil has raised concerns over food security and health of the
most vulnerable.
 Metropolitan Manila
4 million (37%) of population live in slum communities.
 Marife Ballesteros
 Concluded that unhealthy environment deepens poverty, increases vulnerability of
both slum and non-poor living in slums.
Bus
 One of the largest contributor to environmental pollution
problems worldwide.
Motorbike/Three-Wheeled Vehicles
 Form 75%-80% of the traffic in Asian cities
 Burns oil and gasoline
 Command lower price because of durability and low
operating cost to the middle class
Catching Up
United States
• Worst polluter in history of the world.
• Model of the ideal modern society
• Until the 1970s, was a global economic power, with a middle
class that was the envy of the world.
Environmental Consequences of U.S

• Responsible for 27% of the world’s carbon dioxide emissions
• 60% cars and other vehicles, coal factories etc.
• Methane from farms and breakdown of organic matter, paint
aerosol, and dusts.
Countries in the Midst of a Frenzied Effort to Catch Up With the West:
China India Indonesia

Climate Change
 Global Warming- result of billions of tons of carbon dioxide,
various air pollutants and other gases, accumulating in the
atmosphere
 Greenhouse effect- responsible for recurring heat waves and long

droughts in certain places.
 California, USA- experienced its worst water shortage in 1,200

years due to global warming.
 India and Southeast Asia- Global warming altered the summer

monsoon patterns.
 Typhoon Haiyan (Super Typhoon Yolanda)
 Category 5 typhoon
 Hit the Central Philippines on November 8, 2013
 Deadliest typhoon ever recorded by killing
6,300 people.
Sustained winds of more than 150 mph

 Persistent body of dense ice that is constantly
moving under its weight.
 Melting every year since 2002
 Antartica losing 134 billion metric of ice
 The Largest Glacier on Earth is 60 Miles Wide
Glaciers
and Around 270 Miles Long.
 Arctic sea ice is declining at a rate of 12.8 percent
per decade.
Flooding
Has allowed breeding grounds for disease
carriers.
• Aedes Aegypti- a mosquito that can spread:
Dengue fever
Chikungunya
Zika fever
• Cholera- an infectious disease that causes
severe watery diarrhea, which can lead to
dehydration and death.
Combating Global Warming
Kyoto Protocol- an international treaty which commits state parties to
reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
December 11, 1997
Signed by 195 countries
To reduce greenhouse
gases:
1.Carbon Dioxide
2.Methane
3. Nitrous Oxide
4. Hydrofluorocarbon
5.Perfouro Carbons
6. Sulfur Hexafluoride
 Paris Accord
• December 2015
• 195 countries
• Seeks to limit the increase in global
average temperature
 Social Movements
• South Africa- Communities engage in environmental activism
• Atlantic, El Salvador- Local officials and grassroots organization
from 1000 communities
• Universities- “Strike a balance between urgently needed economic
growth and improved air quality”.
Conclusion
Every person, regardless of his/her race, nation or
creed, belongs to the same world.
There is no choice but to find global solutions to this

global problems.

Environmental Crisis

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Environmental Crisis

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Environmental Crisis

The depredation caused by:

 Changes in global weather patterns

 The exhaustion of world’s natural

 The destruction of million year-old ecosystems and

 The depletion of ozone layer protecting the planet

 Water pollution arising from industrial and community waste

 Urban sprawls that continue to expand as a city turns into a

 A radical alteration of food systems because of genetic

Eruption of Mount Pinatubo (June 15, 2001)

 Shanxi Maanqiao Ecological Mining Ltd.

20 years ago in China: 50,000 rivers

 International Agency for Research on Cancer

Environmental Consequences of U.S

China India Indonesia

 Greenhouse effect- responsible for recurring heat waves and long

 California, USA- experienced its worst water shortage in 1,200

 India and Southeast Asia- Global warming altered the summer

 Hit the Central Philippines on November 8, 2013

 Deadliest typhoon ever recorded by killing

Sustained winds of more than 150 mph

There is no choice but to find global solutions to this

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