Chevron Specification COM-__________

EXTERNAL COATINGS

SPECIFICATION COM-__________
EXTERNAL COATINGS

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Chevron Specification COM-__________
EXTERNAL COATINGS

CONTENTS
1.0 SCOPE........................................................................................................................................

2.0 STANDARDS AND CODES.......................................................................................................

3.0 GENERAL..................................................................................................................................
3.1 Accepted Brands...........................................................................................................................
3.2 Manufacturer's Data Sheets............................................................................................................
3.3 Air Pollution Regulations..............................................................................................................
3.4 Mixing of Coatings of Different Manufacturers..............................................................................
3.5 Color............................................................................................................................................
3.6 Preconstruction Primers.................................................................................................................
3.7 Weld-Through Primers..................................................................................................................
3.8 Paint Free Surfaces........................................................................................................................
3.9 Compressed Air Cleanliness..........................................................................................................
3.10 Flanges.........................................................................................................................................
4.0 SURFACE PREPARATION......................................................................................................
4.1 Solvent Cleaning...........................................................................................................................
4.2 Hand or Power Tool Cleaning.......................................................................................................
4.3 Abrasive Blasting..........................................................................................................................
4.4 Galvanized and Aluminum Surfaces..............................................................................................
5.0 COATING APPLICATION.......................................................................................................
5.1 General Application Requirements.................................................................................................
5.2 Spray Application.........................................................................................................................
5.3 Brush or Roller Application...........................................................................................................
5.4 Application of Inorganic Zinc Primer.............................................................................................
6.0 INSPECTION.............................................................................................................................
6.1 Compressed Air............................................................................................................................
6.2 Environmental Conditions.............................................................................................................
6.3 Surface Preparation.......................................................................................................................
6.4 Coating Application......................................................................................................................
6.5 Inspection Notice..........................................................................................................................
6.6 Coating Manufacturer Representatives...........................................................................................
7.0 QUICK REFERENCE REFERRAL..........................................................................................

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1.0 SCOPE

This specification covers the surface preparation, materials and coating application requirements for
coating the exterior surfaces of equipment and structural steel.

2.0 STANDARDS AND CODES

The following National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE) standards, and Steel Structures
Painting Council Surface Preparation (SSPC-SP) written specifications, latest editions, are part of
this specification.

NACE No. 1 (SSPC-SP-5) "White Metal Blast Cleaning"

NACE No. 2 (SSPC-SP-10) "Near-White Blast Cleaning"

NACE No. 3 (SSPC-SP-6) "Commercial Blast Cleaning"

NACE No. 4 (SSPC-SP-7) "Brush-off Blast Cleaning"

SSPC-SP-1 "Solvent Cleaning"

SSPC-SP-2 "Hand Tool Cleaning"

SSPC-SP-3 "Power Tool Cleaning"

In addition, the visual surface preparation standards from NACE or those described in the Society of
Naval Architects and Marine Engineers (SNAME) Bulletin No. 4-21, "Abrasive Blasting Guide for
Aged or Coated Steel Surfaces", or the Company approved equal are also a part of this specification.
One standard shall be agreed to between the Contractor and the Company. These visual standards
shall be a supplement to, but not a substitute for, the written specifications. SSPC Vis-1 and Swedish
visual standards shall not be used for commercial or white-metal blast cleaned surfaces.

3.0 GENERAL

3.1 Accepted Brands

Only specified coating systems and accepted brands from the Quick Reference Guide shall be
used, unless alternates are approved by the Company in writing.

3.2 Manufacturer's Data Sheets

Directions on manufacturer's data sheets shall be followed. The Contractor shall have copies of
these data sheets available at the site where the coating work is being performed.

3.3 Air Pollution Regulations

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The Contractor shall verify that the coatings used comply with federal, state and local air
pollution regulations.

3.4 Mixing of Coatings of Different Manufacturers

Each multi-coat system shall use materials from a single manufacturer unless approved by the
Company in writing. Off-site equipment manufacturers may chose any one of the accepted
brands for a coating system. In the prime Contractor's fabrication yards, only one manufacturer
shall be used for each coating system.

3.5 Color

The finish coat color of external coating systems shall be specified by the Company.
Contrasting colors shall be used for each of the intermediate coats to allow inspection for full
coverage.

3.6 Preconstruction Primers

Inorganic zinc primers may be used as preconstruction primers but weld bevels must be free of
all primer before welding. This can be done by masking prior to coating or by grinding or
sand-blasting before welding. The coating-free area shall extend a minimum of 2 inches from
the weld bevel.

3.7 Weld-Through Primers

Weld-through primers shall not be used unless welding qualification tests show no detrimental
effects, such as unacceptable porosity or mechanical properties. The use of weld-through
primers must be approved by the Company in writing prior to their use. If the primers are
accepted, inspection for weld bevel cleanliness shall be performed on all production work prior
to priming.

3.8 Paint Free Surfaces

The following surfaces shall not be painted unless otherwise specified: concrete, galvanized
steel, stainless steel, Monel, aluminum, copper alloys, fiberglass reinforced plastic, and
aluminum weather jacketing of insulation. Instruments, gages, and machined surfaces shall be
protected from coatings.

3.9 Compressed Air Cleanliness

Compressed air shall be free of water and oil. Adequate separators or traps shall be provided
and properly maintained and shall be regularly emptied of water and oil.

3.10 Flanges

On insulated equipment, exposed flanges and other uninsulated projections, such as steam traps
and associated valves, need not be coated. Gasket surfaces shall not be coated.

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4.0 SURFACE PREPARATION

4.1 Solvent Cleaning

All surfaces to be coated shall be clean of all contaminants that would affect the integrity of the
coating system. Prior to surface preparation, the surfaces shall be cleaned, as necessary, to
remove all oil, grease, dirt, salts or other foreign material. This cleaning shall be by appropriate
detergent and/or solvent cleaning.

Detergent or solvent cleaning shall be performed as outlined in SSPC-SP-1 or NACE

equivalent.

4.2 Hand or Power Tool Cleaning

4.2.1 Hand tool cleaning or power tool cleaning shall be per SSPC-SP-2 and SSPC-SP-3, or
NACE equivalent.

4.2.2 Company approval is required before hand or power tool cleaning can be substituted
for abrasive blasting.

4.3 Abrasive Blasting

4.3.1 All surfaces to be abrasive blasted shall be blasted in accordance with the SSPC or
NACE blast specified on the Coating System Data Sheets.

4.3.2 The anchor pattern shall be as specified on the Coating System Data Sheets.

4.3.3 Prior to the start of blasting, the Contractor shall select an appropriate abrasive and
mesh size to attain the specified anchor pattern. The Contractor shall demonstrate to
the Company that the selected abrasive will provide the specified anchor pattern by
blasting a representative piece of steel and measuring the anchor pattern using Press-O-
Film tape or the Company-approved equal. Any change in abrasive or mesh size shall
be qualified in the same way prior to the change.

4.3.4 Weld areas shall be ground, chipped or wire brushed as necessary prior to blasting to
remove rust, residual flux and weld spatter.

4.3.5 Steel surface slivers, laminations, laps, scabs or seams exposed by blasting shall be
reported to the Company. The Company will decide who will make repairs.

4.3.6 Prior to abrasive blasting, valves, sight glasses, name tags, machinery, electrical
fixtures, etc., subject to damage from either the blast or from the abrasive material
remaining shall be protected.

4.3.7 Cadmium-plated, electroplated, metallized or other specially coated items shall not be
blasted.

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4.3.8 Blasting shall be accomplished so that previously painted surfaces are not
contaminated by abrasive or blast wastes.

4.3.9 Only dry, grit-type abrasives shall be used. The abrasive shall comply with
government regulations. The abrasive shall be used in accordance with manufacturer's
specifications and shall contain no harmful impurities, such as salt.

4.3.10 No inhibitive washes intended to prevent rusting shall be used after blasting.

4.3.11 A minimum area of 4 inches around the edge of blasted areas shall be left unprimed
unless the area adjoins a coated surface. Subsequent blasting shall continue a minimum
of 1 inch into the primed surfaces. These requirements are to ensure that no coating is
applied over unblasted steel. The rough edge of the blasted coating shall be feather
edged as described in Paragraph 4.3.12.

4.3.12 When the coating is damaged down to the steel, and spot cleaning is necessary, these
areas shall be cleaned by blasting or power tool cleaning. After the metal surface has
been cleaned, the edge of the surrounding coating shall be feather-edged to remove all
cracked, loose or damaged coating. Feather-edging shall be accomplished by power or
hand sanding with a grit wheel or sandpaper. The prepared surface shall be free of
loose, burnt, or blistered coating.

4.4 Galvanized and Aluminum Surfaces

4.4.1 All galvanized and aluminum surfaces which are specified to be painted shall be
pretreated with a vinyl butyral wash primer as specified in Section 8.0.

4.4.2 Galvanized pieces, such as gratings, which will be installed over steel surfaces to be
painted, will interfere with painting and shall not be installed prior to painting the
underlying steel. If the galvanized pieces must be installed before final painting, they
shall first be wash-primed per paragraph 4.4.1 and coated with the same intermediate
coating as the underlying steel. In all cases, the underlying steel shall be abrasive
blasted and primed prior to the installation of galvanized pieces over the steel.

5.0 COATING APPLICATION

5.1 General Application Requirements

5.1.1 Surfaces to be coated shall be clean, dust free, and dry before application of any coat of
paint and shall meet applicable hand, power tool or abrasive blasting surface
preparation requirements before priming.

5.1.2 The specified coating system primer shall be applied on the same day that surfaces are
cleaned and before rusting, discoloration, or surface contamination occurs.

5.1.3 Painting done outdoors shall be done in daylight hours and completed at least one hour
prior to sundown. Indoor painting is allowed 24 hours a day if the specified metal and

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air temperatures and relative humidity requirements are met inside the building or
vessel at all times during preparation, painting and curing.

5.1.4 Coatings shall be applied under the environmental conditions shown in the coating
manufacturer's data sheets. No coating shall be applied:

 on wet surfaces,

 when the relative humidity exceeds the manufacturer's written recommendations,

 when the surface temperature is less than 5°F above the dew point,

 when the ambient or surface temperatures are below the manufacturer's

recommended temperature for application and curing,

 when the wind speed exceeds 15 miles per hour.

5.1.5 Coating materials shall be furnished in the manufacturer's unopened containers, clearly
identifiable, and shall be kept covered, clean and protected. Materials older than
manufacturer's recommended shelf life shall not be used.

5.1.6 All components shall be thoroughly mixed for the time recommended in the
manufacturer's data sheets. Inorganic zinc coatings shall be continuously stirred during
application by mechanical spray pot agitators or other approved means. All mixing
shall be done in clean containers, free from traces of grease, other paints, or
contaminants. Containers shall be kept covered to prevent contamination by dust, dirt
or rain.

5.1.7 Multi-component coatings, such as inorganic zinc, epoxies and urethanes, shall have
the components accurately measured according to the manufacturer's directions.

5.1.8 The coating manufacturer's recommended pot life shall not be exceeded. When this
limit is reached, the spray pot shall be emptied and cleaned, and new material shall be
mixed.

5.1.9 Care shall be exercised to prevent overspray, spillage or application of coatings to

surfaces for which they are not intended. Skips, sags, and drips are to be avoided.

5.1.10 Coatings shall be applied in no fewer than the number of coats specified, and
individual coat dry film thicknesses shall be no less than the minimum thickness
specified.

a. Film thicknesses are to be verified at the start of work (until the painter is familiar
with the paint and work) with a wet film thickness gage. Thickness requirements
shall be met with each coat, and total thickness shall not be "made-up" in any one
coat.

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b. All coating film thicknesses shall be free of defects such as pinholes, voids and
bubbles.

c. Prior to the application of any coat, all damage and defects in previous coats shall
be repaired.

5.1.11 All coatings shall be allowed to dry for at least the minimum time recommended by
the paint manufacturer, considering temperature and humidity, before applying
succeeding coats. When a maximum overcoat time is recommended by the paint
manufacturer, it shall not be exceeded before the succeeding coat is applied.

5.1.12 Each coat (primer, intermediate, and topcoat) shall be inspected by the Contractor and
may be inspected by the Company before further coats are applied.

5.2 Spray Application

5.2.1 Contractor's applicators shall be skilled in the proper application technique for each
coating. Proper equipment, per the coating manufacturer's data sheets, shall be used.
Applicators or equipment failing to meet this requirement, to the Company's or the
coatings manufacturer's satisfaction, shall be removed from coating application.

5.3 Brush or Roller Application

5.3.1 Coatings shall be brushed or rolled on areas which cannot be properly spray coated.
Written Company approval is required before brush or roller application can be
substituted for spray application.

5.4 Application of Inorganic Zinc Primer

5.4.1 Inorganic zinc shall be applied by spraying except for small touch-up areas.

5.4.2 Inorganic zinc primers shall be applied in a full, wet coat which allows flow out. This
is to prevent dry spray, which gives an excessively porous surface, lowering coating
life and making topcoating difficult.

5.4.3 The maximum dry film thickness of inorganic zinc primer shall be 5 mils in order to
prevent mudcracking. Thicker coats shall be removed by blasting and the area
recoated with the specified thickness.

6.0 INSPECTION

The Contractor shall perform all inspection necessary to ensure that surface preparation and coating
application complies with the requirements of this specification. All work shall be subject to
Company inspection. The indicated records shall be kept daily and shall be submitted to the
Company at least weekly. Form COM- EF-844, or an approved equivalent Coating Inspection
Record, shall be used to record this information.

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6.1 Compressed Air

The cleanliness of compressed air shall be checked, as necessary, by blasting without sand or
paint onto a white cloth for 20 seconds. If oil or water appears on the cloth, all traps and
separators shall be blown down until subsequent 20-second cloth tests show no further oil or
water. The Company may request this test.

6.2 Environmental Conditions

At the beginning of each day's operation the following shall be checked and recorded:

 ambient temperature,

 relative humidity,

 dew point,

 moisture-free surface,

 and temperature of the surface to be coated.

These items shall be recorded on the Coating Inspection Record.

6.3 Surface Preparation

Immediately prior to priming, blasted surfaces shall be inspected by the following methods to
verify that the specified surface preparation has been achieved.

6.3.1 The anchor pattern shall be verified using Testex Inc. "Press-O-Film" tape or Company
approved equal. The measurements shall be recorded on the Coating Inspection
Record.

6.3.2 The degree of cleanliness shall be verified by comparison to the appropriate visual
standard as specified in Paragraph 2.0. The cleanliness shall be recorded on the
Coating Inspection Record.

6.4 Coating Application

6.4.1 Dry film thicknesses shall be measured using a "Microtest" magnetic film thickness
gage or the Company approved equal. The dry film thickness gage shall be calibrated
to the Company's satisfaction at the beginning of coating work and thereafter, regularly
and whenever the Company requests recalibration. Calibration shall be made by
comparison with the dry film thickness measured on known standards such as a
micrometer-measured paint film or National Bureau of Standards Calibration
Standards for Coating Thickness Gages. Dry film thicknesses shall be recorded on the
Coating Inspection Record for each coat as work proceeds as well as for the total
thickness of each finished coating system.

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6.5 Inspection Notice

The Company's inspectors shall be given adequate notice prior to the start of surface
preparation and coating application so that they can witness the work.

6.6 Coating Manufacturer Representatives

The coating manufacturer's representatives shall have access to the work site during the
progress of the work to perform any inspection and testing deemed necessary to ensure that the
coatings are properly applied.

7.0 QUICK REFERENCE

Use Volume 2, Quick Reference, of the Coatings Manual to select the correct coating system for
your project.

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