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Rice Pests

The document discusses several major rice insect pests that cause yield losses in Bangladesh, including yellow stem borer, rice hispa, green leafhopper, grasshopper, rice bug, Asian rice gall midge, leaf roller, and brown plant hopper. For each pest, it describes symptoms, effects on rice plants, and recommended control measures such as insecticides, resistant varieties, and cultural practices.

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Abdullah Al Mamun
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128 views

Rice Pests

The document discusses several major rice insect pests that cause yield losses in Bangladesh, including yellow stem borer, rice hispa, green leafhopper, grasshopper, rice bug, Asian rice gall midge, leaf roller, and brown plant hopper. For each pest, it describes symptoms, effects on rice plants, and recommended control measures such as insecticides, resistant varieties, and cultural practices.

Uploaded by

Abdullah Al Mamun
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Rice insect pest in Bangladesh


Rice insect pest Yield loss due to rice pest
Rice is the main staple food in Aus - 24%
Bangladesh. Rice insect pest is one Aman-12%
of the main causes of low yield in Boro-18%
Bangladesh. There are 175 insect average-18%
pests has been identified, among
them 23 species are major.
Pest name: Yellow stem borer
Scientific name: Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker)
Family: Crambidae
Symptom:
• Female lay eggs in masses on leaf surface or inside leaf
sheath.
• After 6-8 days eggs are hatched. Newly hatched
caterpillar then enter into leaf sheath and feed on the
internal soft tissue.
• Mature larvae bore into the sheath and tiller of the
plant
• Presence of frass or fecal matter
Effects on plant:
1. Causes dead heart or drying of the central tiller during the
vegetative stage
2. Causes white heads at reproductive (booting) stage

Control Measures:
• Collection and destruction of egg masses and adult moths
• Perching for insectivorous birds
• Burning of ploughing down of T. Aman stubbles.
• Cultivation of to resistant varieties BR1, BR2, BR3 etc.
• Recommended insecticide should be applied at Economic Threshold Level
(ETL) 3 female moths or egg mass/m2, 10 to 15% dead heart up to
maximum tillering stage, 5% white head after maximum tillering stage.
• Spraying with Organophosphorous insecticide or Diazinon 60 EC @1.70
L/ha.
Pest name: Rice hispa
Scientific name: Dicladispa armigera
Family: Chrysomelidae
Symptom:
❖ Lay eggs singly, ventral surface of leaves
❖ 3-5 days eggs are hatched. Newly hatched grub make
tunnel eating leaf tissue, cause irregular translucent
white patches that are parallel to leaf veins.
❖ Adult feed on chlorophyllus tissue by scrapping and
make white streak along with vein.
❖ Damaged leaves wither off
❖ Damaged leaves turn whitish and membranous
❖ Rice field appears burnt when severely infested
Control Measures:
❑ Collection and destruction of adult beetles by sweeping
❑ Leaf clipping the grub infested leaves 2.5 to 3 cm above the leaf base
❑ Cultivation of tolerant varieties like BR 14 and BR 25
❑ Recommended insecticide should be applied at ETL (* 4 adults/hill or 35% damaged
leaves)
❑ Spraying with Organophosphorous insecticide or Diazinon 60 EC @1 L/ha for twice at a
week interval.
Pest name: Green leafhopper (GLH)
Scientific name:
Nephotettix virescens
Nephotettix nigropictus
Family: Cicadellidae
Symptom:
1. Female lays eggs in rows on mid rib of leaf sheath.
2. After 6-9 days eggs are hatched.
3. Both nymphs and adult suck cell sap from the leaf,
resulting leaf yellowing. Plant stunted and reduced vigor.
3. Number of productive tillers reduced. The infested
plant become withered and complete drying occur.
Indirect damage:
• GLH spread tungro disease and yellow dwarf disease
by carrying tunrgo virus and yellow dwarf virus
respectively.
• Photosynthesis reduction due to formation of sooty
mould fungus as the secretion of honey dew on leaf
surface.
• Control Measures:
❑ Light trapping
❑ Perching
❑ Sweeping
❑ Cultivation of GLH and Tungro resistant varieties e.g. BRRI 31
❑ Recommended insecticide should be applied at ETL (* 1 hopper/sweep
and the presence of Tungro virus)
❑ Spraying with Dimethoate insecticide or Perfeckthion 40 EC @1.12 L/ha is
effective for the management of GLH.
Pest name: Grasshopper

Scientific name: Hieroglyphus banian


Family: Acrididae
Symptom:

1. Feeding marks on leaves and shoots


2. Large portions of leaf edges
consumed
3. Panicles cut-off
Control Measures:
❑ Perching for the predatory bird
❑ Light trapping
❑ Collection of adults and nymphs by
sweeping
❑ Recommended insecticide should
be applied at ETL (*25% damaged
leaves)
Pest name: Rice bug
Scientific name: Leptocorisa acuta
Family: Alydidae
Symptom:
• Lay eggs in rows (1-3 rows), along with
mid rib upper surface on leaf sheath.
• 5-8 days eggs are hatched.
• Both nymph & adult suck milk or juice
from developing grain at milky stage of
plant. Attacked grain become shrivilled,
malformed, remain unfilled result in
empty grain. Grain become dark as spilling
of endosperm.
• Fungal infection occur in infested grain.
Control Measure:
❖ Light trapping
❖ Insecticide application, if necessary
❖ Spraying with Dimethoate insecticide or Perfeckthion 40EC @1.12 L/ha.
Pest name: Asian rice gall midge
Scientific name: Orseolia oryzae
Family: Cecidomyiidae
Symptom:
• Eggs lay singly base of plant or in soil
• After 4-5 days eggs are hatched.
• New larvae enter in between two leaf
sheath and finally reach to growing
point by plant feeding. As a result of
feeding or continuous irritation or
secretion of some sort of chemical
(Cecidozen), a cavity or tubular gall is
formed at the base of tiller.
• Due to formation of gall, a
characteristics long, hollow and dirty
white or pale green tubular structure is Control Measures:
formed due physiological change of
❖ Light trapping
centre leaf. Tubular structure is known
❖ Recommended insecticide should be
as onion shoot or silvery shoot.
applied at Economic Threshold Level (ETL)
• Affected tiller failed to produce any
(*5% onion shoot)
tiller.
❖ Carbofuran insecticide or Furadan 5G
@16.5 kg/ha.
Leaf Roller
Scientific name: Cnaphalocrocis
medinalis
Family: Crambidae
Damage Symptom:
All stage of crop attacked by this pest.
❑ Larvae roll the leaf longitudinally
and feed inside on the green tissue
❑ Damaged leaf appears as
longitudinal white streaks
Control Measure:
❖ Destruction by light trapping
❖ Perching for predatory birds can reduce the
population
❖ Recommended insecticide should be applied at
ETL (*25% damaged leaves)
❖ Applying with organocarbamate insecticide or
Sevin 85 SP @1.70 kg/ha.
Brown Plant Hopper
Scientific name: Nilaparvata lugens
Family: Delphacidae
Symptom
• Female lay eggs in masses in leaf
sheath at base of plant.
• After 5-8 days eggs are hatched.
• Both nymphs and adults suck cell sap at
base of tiller. Primarily sucks phloem
sap. At early infestation yellow patches
appear which turn into brown due to
drying of plant. This condition is called
hopper burn. The whole field may
attack and not yield.
Indirect damage:
Vector of grassy stunt virus of rice.
Photosynthesis reduction occur due to
secretion of honey dew (which form sooty
mould) on leaf surface.
Control Measure:
❖ Light trapping
❖ Using wider plant spacing
❖ Draining out of water
❖ Avoidance of top dressing of N fertilizer in endemic areas
❖ Cultivation of early maturing varieties
❖ Cultivation of BPH resistant varieties BRRI dhan 35
❖ Applying with Carbofuran insecticide or Furadan 5G
@10 kg/ha or Award 40 SC (Buprofezin) @0.5 ml/L.
Difference between nature of damage of GLH & BPH:
Green leaf hopper (GLH) Brown plant hopper (BPH)

GLH remain at the upper portion of the BPH remain at the lower portion of the
plant. plant.

Light loving insect. Moisture loving insect.

Lays eggs in rows on the midrib of the Lays eggs in masses on the leaf sheath
plant. of the base of the plant.

Vector of tungro virus and yellow dwarf Vector of grassy stant virus of rice.
virus of rice.

Suck cell sap from leaf. Suck cell sap from stem and leaf.

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