2023 Social and Life Skills Marking Key

SOCIAL AND LIFE SKILLS Paper II Marking Key
1. C 11. B
2. C 12. D
3. A 13. B
4. B 14. B
5. A 15. A
6. C 16. C
7. B 17. C
8. B 18. B
9. B 19. C
10. D 20. B
SECTION B
21.a. Strategies for preserving culture
 Use of policy and legislation –policies to limit and prevent the infiltration
of harmful imported cultural products -regulating cultural programs on
radio and TV
 Using books to document cultural heritage
 Promoting cultural festivals such as umtheto wa angoni, mlakho wa
alomwe , Mdawuko wa Tonga
 Building cultural infrastructures such as museums
 Incorporating culture education in the curriculum
 Use of mass media to sensitise people on importance of their culture
 Creating cultural organisations, clubs and societies
 Maintaining traditional chains of command
b. Cultural contribution to socio-economic development
 Creation of employment- earning a living by performing traditional
dances and songs e.g. cultural dance troupe- income generation by
selling traditional works of art and craft- working as guides for tourists
 Cultural tourism- cultural tourists bring forex into the country
 Promotes the spirit of tolerance that encourages peace needed to
participate in development
 It promotes unity that help people to come together for development
c. Roles of voters in the electoral process
 Getting registered as a voter
 Giving accurate information during registration
 Verifying with the electoral commission
 Attending civic education meeting
 Going to the polling station on the day of election to cast their vote
 Maintaining peace and order before, during and after election.
22. a. It is the increase or decrease of people in the growth of people living in
Specific area
b. Characteristics of population change
 It can change by increasing due to increased birth rate and reduced
death rate
 It can change by decreasing due to increased death rate and decreased
birth rate
 Positive population change-when both birth and immigration minus
death increase population
 Zero population-when death and death rates are almost equal- there is
no increase in population size
c. Cases of violation of human rights for special groups
 Mutilation of female genital organs
 Genocides
 Child labour
 Child negligence
 Forced prostitution
 Torture of prisoners
 Slavery
 discrimination
d. The negative impacts of refugees in host country
 exerts pressure on land resources
 exerts pressure on social services
 pressure on food resources
 increased criminal activities
 may carry infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS, malaria etc
23. a. Laws and policies revised for gender equality and equity
 Wills and inheritance act
 Dress act
 Equality in education
b. Conditions for accessing pension benefits
 Members reaching retirement age of 50
 Member retire on basis of years of service, 20 years to the same employer
 Member is totally disabled or has terminal illness
c.i. prejudice normally breeds discrimination in the society where people might
be living peacefully. Prejudie also lays foundation for discrimination.
ii. Ignorance or lack of knowledge, fear of competition, selfishness,
conforming to rules of a certain group one belongs would force one to
practice prejudice, effects of ethinicity and regionalism..
d. Indicators of political development
 Effective political institutions
 Political tolerance
 Availability to choose own leaders
 Transparency and accountability
 Control of abuse of power
 The rule of law
 Multiparty system
24. a. Positive peer pressure

Negative peer pressure
b. Ways of coping with peer pressure
 Acquire skills of assertiveness
 Be fully aware of natural development in their bodies
 Be mindful of negative peer pressure
 learn to say know
 choose friends wisely
 develop self confidence
 seeking support from other people on areas you are pressured
 understanding your values
c. Effects of media influence on adolescents behaviour

 Adolescents are eager to read newspapers, magazine and articles on the
internet- they develop a reading culture which prepares him for
university education
 Adolescents are always searching for information on the internet-
develop research skills which are important for academic life
 Media exposes adolescents to different behaviour both good and bad-
they indulge in bad behaviour
 Media services are not free of charge- some will steal money to buy or
pay for the services
 They move on the road while listening to music with earphones- they
cause accidents on the roads.
 Fail to manage time- neglect studies and fail exams
25.a. Communicable diseases-those that can be spread from one person to
another-Non-communicable -chronic diseases that cannot be passed on.
b .i. right to employment
ii. poverty- due to lack of employment
c. the responsibilities of people living with HIV and AIDS
 To protect themselves from contracting more HIV
 To protect others from contracting HIV and AIDS
 To defend their rights if they are violated
 To protect their unborn and newly born babies from contracting HIV and
AIDS
d. Time management is the fixing of priorities according to time or it is an act
or process of planning and exercising control over the amount of time
spent on specific activities
e. Importance of donating blood
 The joy of saving life
 Free health check up
 Reduces the risk of heart diseases
 Burns calories
 Reduces the risk of cancer
SECTION C
26. Five constraints faced in the process of preserving culture
 Resistance by new generations
 Modernisation
 Influence of the media
 Lack of resources
 Need for change
 Changes in ideologies
27. Five qualities of a blood donor
 Good health- not suffering from STIs
 Age required- at least 16- years and not more than 65 years
 Have enough blood
 Donation interval- male 12 weeks between donations, females- 16 weeks
 Not pregnant
 Should not be under medication eg antibiotics
 Have the required weight –at least 50 kg

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SOCIAL AND LIFE SKILLS Paper II Marking Key

24. a. Positive peer pressure

c. Effects of media influence on adolescents behaviour

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