1)What is cloud computing?

Cloud computing is an internet based new age computer technology. It is the next
stage technology that uses the clouds to provide the services whenever and
wherever the user need it.It provides a method to access several servers world wide.

2) What are the benefits of cloud computing?

The main benefits of cloud computing are:

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o Data backup and storage of data.

o Powerful server capabilities.
o Incremented productivity.
o Very cost effective and time saving.
o Software as Service known as SaaS

LOUD COMPUTING VIVA QUESTIONS WITH ANSWER.

3)Which are the different layers that define cloud

architecture?
Following are the different layers that are used by cloud architecture:

o CLC or Cloud Controller

o Walrus
o Cluster Controller
o SC or Storage Controller
o NC or Node Controller

4)) Which platforms are used for large scale cloud

computing?
The following platforms are used for large scale cloud computing:

o Apache Hadoop
 o MapReduce

5) What are the different layers in cloud

computing? Explain working of them.
There are 3 layers in the hierarchy of cloud computing.

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS):It provides cloud infrastructure in terms of

hardware as like memory, processor, speed etc.

Platform as a service (PaaS):It provides cloud application platform for the

developer.

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Software as a service (SaaS)::It provides the cloud applications to users directly

without installing anything on the system. These applications remains on cloud.

6) What do you mean by software as a service?

Software As a Service (SaaS) is an important layer of cloud computing. It provides
cloud applications like Google is doing. It facilitate users to save their document on
the cloud and create as well.

7) What is the platform as a service?

It is also a layer in cloud architecture. This model is built on the infrastructure model
and provide resources like computers, storage and network. It is responsible to
provide complete virtualization of the infrastructure layer, make it look like a single
server and invisible for outside world.

8) What is on-demand functionality? How is it

provided in cloud computing?
Cloud computing provides a on-demand access to the virtualized IT resources. It can
be used by the subscriber. It uses shared pool to provide configurable resources.
Shared pool contains networks, servers, storage, applications and services.

9) What are the advantages of using cloud computing?

The advantages of using cloud computing are

 Data backup and storage of data

 Powerful server capabilities
 SaaS ( Software as a service)
 Information technology sandboxing capabilities
 Increase in productivity
 Cost effective & Time saving

10) Explain different models for deployment in cloud

computing?
The different deployment models in cloud computing are

 Private Cloud
 Public Cloud
 Community Cloud
 Hybrid Cloud

11) What are the security aspects provided with cloud?

 Identity management: It authorizes the application services
 Access control: permission has to be provided to the users so that
they can control the access of another user who is entering into
the cloud environment.
 Authentication and Authorization: Allows only the authorized
and authenticated user only to access the data and applications

12) Mention some open source cloud computing

platform databases?
The open source cloud computing platform databases are
  MongoDB
 CouchDB
 LucidDB

13) Explain what are the different modes of software as a

service (SaaS)?
 Simple multi-tenancy: In this each user has independent
resources and are different from other users, it is an efficient
mode.
 Fine grain multi-tenancy: In this type, the resources can be
shared by many but the functionality remains the same.

14) What is the use of API’s in cloud services?

API’s (Application Programming Interface) is very useful in cloud
platforms

 It eliminates the need to write the fully fledged programs

 It provides the instructions to make communication between one
or more applications
 It allows easy creation of applications and link the cloud services
with other systems

15) In cloud computing what are the different layers?

The different layers of cloud computing are:
  SaaS: Software as a Service (SaaS), it provides users access
directly to the cloud application without installing anything on the
system.
 IaaS: Infrastructure as a service, it provides the infrastructure in
terms of hardware like memory, processor speed etc.
 PaaS: Platform as a service, it provides cloud application platform
for the developers

16) How important is the platform as a service?

Platform as a service or PAAS is an important layer in cloud computing.
It provides application platform for providers. It is responsible for
providing complete virtualization of the infrastructure layer and makes
it work like a single server.

17)Mention the services that are provided by Window

Azure Operating System?
Window Azure provides three core services which are given as

 Compute
 Storage
 Management
18) Explain hybrid and community cloud?
Hybrid cloud: It consists of multiple service providers. It is a
combination of public and private cloud features. It is used by the
company when they require both private and public clouds both.

Community Cloud: This model is quite expensive and is used when the
organizations having common goals and requirements, and are ready to
share the benefits of the cloud service.

18) Mention what is Hypervisor in cloud computing and

their types?
Hypervisor is a Virtual Machine Monitor which manages resources for
virtual machines. There are mainly two types of hypervisors

Type 1: The guest Vm runs directly over the host hardware, eg Xen,
VmWare ESXI

Type 2: The guest Vm runs over hardware through a host OS, eg Kvm,
oracle virtualbox

-1) What are the main features of Cloud Computing?

The main features of cloud computing are:

 Agility – Huge amounts of computing resources can be provisioned in minutes

 Location Independence – Resources can be accessed from anywhere with an

internet connection

 Better Storage – with cloud storage, there are no limitations of capacity like in
physical devices

 Multi-Tenancy – resource sharing is possible among a large group of users

 Reliability – data backup and disaster recovery become easier and less expensive
with cloud computing

 Scalability – Cloud allows businesses to scale up and scale down as and when
needed
19. Define and explain the three basic types of cloud services
and the AWS products that are built based on them?

The three basic types of cloud services are:

 Computing

 Storage

 Networking

Here are some of the AWS products that are built based on the three cloud service types:

Computing - These include EC2, Elastic Beanstalk, Lambda, Auto-Scaling, and Lightsat.

Storage - These include S3, Glacier, Elastic Block Storage, Elastic File System.

Networking - These include VPC, Amazon CloudFront, Route53

20)What is auto-scaling?

Auto-scaling is a function that allows you to provision and launch new instances whenever
there is a demand. It allows you to automatically increase or decrease resource capacity in
relation to the demand.

21). Name some of the AWS services that are not region-
specific

AWS services that are not region-specific are:

 IAM

 Route 53

 Web Application Firewall

 CloudFront
22). What is CloudWatch?

The Amazon CloudWatch has the following features:

 Depending on multiple metrics, it participates in triggering alarms.

 Helps in monitoring the AWS environments like CPU utilization, EC2, Amazon RDS
instances, Amazon SQS, S3, Load Balancer, SNS, etc.

23)2 Define Amazon EC2 regions and availability zones?

Availability zones are geographically separate locations. As a result, failure in one zone has
no effect on EC2 instances in other zones. When it comes to regions, they may have one or
more availability zones. This configuration also helps to reduce latency and costs

24)

What is the difference between a Spot Instance, an On-

demand Instance, and a Reserved Instance?

Spot instances are unused EC2 instances that users can use at a reduced cost.

When you use on-demand instances, you must pay for computing resources without making
long-term obligations.

Reserved instances, on the other hand, allow you to specify attributes such as instance type,
platform, tenancy, region, and availability zone. Reserved instances offer significant
reductions and capacity reservations when instances in certain availability zones are used.

25)How many S3 buckets can be created?

Up to 100 buckets can be created by default.

26). What is the maximum limit of elastic IPs anyone can

produce?
A maximum of five elastic IP addresses can be generated per location and AWS account.

27). What is Amazon EC2?

EC2 is short for Elastic Compute Cloud, and it provides scalable computing capacity. Using
Amazon EC2 eliminates the need to invest in hardware, leading to faster development and
deployment of applications. You can use Amazon EC2 to launch as many or as few virtual
servers as needed, configure security and networking, and manage storage. It can scale up or
down to handle changes in requirements, reducing the need to forecast traffic. EC2 provides
virtual computing environments called “instances.”

28). What Are Some of the Security Best Practices for

Amazon EC2?

Security best practices for Amazon EC2 include using Identity and Access Management
(IAM) to control access to AWS resources; restricting access by only allowing trusted hosts
or networks to access ports on an instance; only opening up those permissions you require,
and disabling password-based logins for instances launched from your AMI.

29). Can S3 Be Used with EC2 Instances, and If Yes, How?

Amazon S3 can be used for instances with root devices backed by local instance storage. That
way, developers have access to the same highly scalable, reliable, fast, inexpensive data
storage infrastructure that Amazon uses to run its own global network of websites. To
execute systems in the Amazon EC2 environment, developers load Amazon Machine Images
(AMIs) into Amazon S3 and then move them between Amazon S3 and Amazon EC2.

Amazon EC2 and Amazon S3 are two of the best-known web services that make up AWS.

30). What is the difference between stopping and terminating

an EC2 instance?

While you may think that both stopping and terminating are the same, there is a difference.
When you stop an EC2 instance, it performs a normal shutdown on the instance and moves to
a stopped state. However, when you terminate the instance, it is transferred to a stopped state,
and the EBS volumes attached to it are deleted and can never be recovered.

31). What are the different types of EC2 instances based on

their costs?

The three types of EC2 instances are:

 On-demand Instance

It is cheap for a short time but not when taken for the long term

 Spot Instance

It is less expensive than the on-demand instance and can be bought through bidding.

 Reserved Instance

If you are planning to use an instance for a year or more, then this is the right one for you.

What is Amazon S3?

S3 is short for Simple Storage Service, and Amazon S3 is the most supported storage
platform available. S3 is object storage that can store and retrieve any amount of data from
anywhere. Despite that versatility, it is practically unlimited as well as cost-effective because
it is storage available on demand. In addition to these benefits, it offers unprecedented levels
of durability and availability. Amazon S3 helps to manage data for cost optimization, access
control, and compliance.

What Is Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) and Why Is It

Used?

A VPC is the best way of connecting to your cloud resources from your own data center.
Once you connect your datacenter to the VPC in which your instances are present, each
instance is assigned a private IP address that can be accessed from your data center. That
way, you can access your public cloud resources as if they were on your own private
network.
How do you monitor Amazon VPC?

You can monitor VPC by using:

 CloudWatch and CloudWatch logs

 VPC Flow Logs