Class-VI SST Notes-21 New Empires and Kingdoms

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CLASS – VI Social Science Chapter Name: New Empires and Kingdoms

General Instructions:
1. Read the NCERT History book Ch 10- ‘New Empires and Kingdoms’.
2. Take printout of the Question Answers given below and save them in a file.

Q1. Write a few lines on the army organized by the kings.


Ans. i) Some of the kings maintained an organized army with elephants, chariots, cavalry and Infantry (foot
soldiers).
ii) There were military leaders known as samantas who provided the king with troops whenever he needed them.
iii) They were not paid regular salaries. Some received grants of land.
iv) The Samantas received grants of land from which they collected revenue and maintained soldiers, horses
and provided equipment for warfare.

Q2. Explain the policies adopted by Samudragupta regarding different rulers.


Ans. (i) The rulers of Aryavarta – Nine rulers who were uprooted and their kingdoms were made a part of
Samudragupta empire.
(ii) The rulers of Dakshinapatha – Twelve rulers who surrendered to Samudragupta after being defeated and he
then allowed them to rule again.
(iii) Inner circle of the neighboring states, brought tribute, followed his orders and attended his court.
(iv) Rulers of the outlying areas, the descendants of the Kushanas and shakas and the ruler of Sri Lanka, who
submitted to him and offered daughters in marriage.

Q3. What are Prashastis?


Ans. i) Prashastis are special types of inscriptions written in praise of rulers.
ii) ‘Prashasti’ a Sanskrit word, meaning ‘in praise of’.
iii) The court poets often wrote accounts in which they listed achievements of the king and praised him.
iv) They engraved such accounts on pillars so that people could read them.
v) For example: Prashastis of Pulakeshin II composed by his court poet Ravikriti.

Q4. What were the new administrative arrangements during this period?
Ans. a) Kings adopted a number of steps to win the support of men who were powerful either economically or
socially or because of their political and military strengths.
b) Some important administrative posts were now hereditary.
c) Sometimes one person held many offices. Example: besides a maha-danda- nayaka, Harishena was a
kumar-amatya, means an important minister.
d) Some important men had a say in local administration. These included chief bankers or merchants of the
city. Leaders of merchant caravans, chief craftsmen and the head of the scribes.
Q5. Describe Samudragupta’s Prashastis.
Ans. Samudragupta’s Prashastis was along inscription actually a poem in Sanskrit was composed by his court
poet, Harishena nearly 1700 years ago.
i. The poet praised the king as a warrior, as a king who won victories in battle, who was learned and the
best of poets.
ii. He is described as equal to the gods.
iii. The Prashasti was composed in very long sentences.
iv. He is stated as a learned man and the best of poets.

Q6. Describe local assemblies under the Pallavas.


Ans. There were three local assemblies the Pallavas:
i. Sabha – Assembly of Brahmin land owners. This assembly functions through sub-committees, which
looked after irrigation, agricultural operations, making roads, local temples etc.
ii. Ur - A village assembly found in areas where the land owners were not Brahmins.
iii. Nagarams - An organization of merchants

Q7. Write a short note on the ruler Harshavardhana.


Ans. i) Harsha became the ruler of Thanesar after the death of his father and elder brother.
ii) The capital of Harsha’s empire was Kanauj. Harsha successfully conquered Magadha and Bengal.
iii) His court poet Banabhatta wrote his biography – Harshacharita.
iv) He became a Buddhist and he was tolerant towards all religions.
v) His empire was divided into provinces. These were headed by Governors.

Q8. Who wrote the play ‘Abhijnana Shakuntalam’?


Ans. Kalidasa

Q9. Name the Capital city of Chalukyas.


Ans. Aihole (Karnataka)

Q8. Give a brief account of Pulakeshin’s Prashasti.


Ans. Pulakeshin II was the best – known Chalukya ruler. We know about him from a Prashasti composed by
his court poet Ravikirti.
i. It tells us about his ancestors, traced back through four generations from father to son.
ii. Pulakeshin evidently got the Kingdom from his uncle.
iii. According to Ravikirti, he led expeditions along both the west and the east costs.
iv. He checked the advance of Harsha towards Deccan and defeated him on the banks of river Narmada.
v. Pulakeshin also attacked the Pallava king who took shelter behind the walls of Kanchipuram.
MAP WORK

Q1. On a political map of India mark:

1. Important towns of Gupta Empire

a) Inscription of Samudragupta- Prayaga (the old name for Allahabad – Capital of UP)
b) Ujjain (Madhya Pradesh) and Pataliputra (the old name for Patna)

2. Important towns of Harsha’s Empire


a) Place where Harsha was crowned as the king- Thanesar (Haryana)
b) Capital of Harshavardhana - Kannauj (Uttar Pradesh)
c) Bengal

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