Document No.

KF23-003

Hybrid Level Gauge

HC-10
Installation & Operation Manual
 Before you read this manual

Please read this manual carefully and follow directions before installing and operating the
device. TOKYO KEIKI INC. is not at all liable for an injury and/or a damage resulting from
misuse of this device by the user that is contrary to these cautionary notes.
This manual contains important information for using our level gauge safely and correctly,
as well as preventing potential risks and damages that may occur when using the device.
Read the explanations below carefully and familiarize yourself with the symbols before
reading the manual.

Safety symbols
The following are the meanings of the safety indications used in this manual and on the
device.

Indicates that incorrect usage may result directly in death or

DANGER serious injury to the operator.
Indicates that incorrect usage may result in death or serious
WARNING injury to the operator.
Indicates that incorrect usage may result in injury to the
CAUTION operator or damage to the equipment.
Indicates referring to information for usage of functions or
features. (Marked on the device)
Indicates attention to handling information regarding functions
Note or features.
Indicates the protective conductor terminal.

Indicates the ground terminal.（functional earth terminal）

(1)
Label
Important information is written on the label of a transmitter. Please check the information
before using it.

H C - 1 0

(2)
Introduction
Thank you for selecting our Hybrid Level Gauge HC-10. This manual includes
explanations regarding HC-10. Read this manual carefully before operation to ensure an
adequate understanding of the device.

Proper use of the Operation Manual

The following points must be observed:

1. Ensure that the manual is supplied to the operator of the device. The representative or
dealer of this device must provide this manual to the user who will actually operate the
device.
2. Carefully read the manual. The contents of this manual are very important and should
be read completely.
3. Store the manual in a safe and accessible location. The manual is essential for
appropriate operation of the device. The storage location and person in charge should
be determined after careful consideration.
4. If the manual is lost, please contact the representative. A new manual is available for
purchase.
5. If any labels on this device are damaged, please contact our sales office.
6. Reprinting, transmitting or reproducing of this manual is prohibited.

Precautions regarding the Manual

1. This manual was written in accordance with the standard specifications of original
device. In case of discrepancies between written specifications and approved drawings,
the drawings should be given precedence.
2. This manual details the operation, function and performance of the device and does
not guarantee the customer's specific application.
3. The contents of this manual may be subject to change without notice.
4. We have written thoroughly about the contents of this manual, but if you find any
mistakes or omissions regarding the contents, please contact us or the representative
you purchased.
5. Any changes to the specifications, structures or parts that do not affect functionality or
performance may not be revised each time.
6. The company name and product name used in this manual are trademarks of each
company. Also, TM or R marks are not shown in the contents or figures.

(3)
Prohibitions and Precautions for Safety
For your safety, please observe the following.

WARNING
・Please observe the safety instructions in this manual. We cannot guarantee the safety
if the device is handled contrary to the instructions.
・Modification of the device is strictly prohibited. We are not responsible for any
damages or defects caused by the remodeling.

CAUTION
When carrying this device, be careful not to be injured by falling.

CAUTION
This device is not an explosion proof specification. Please refrain from using it in
dangerous places.

(4)
Restrictions and Precautions necessary to maintain the device
The following must be observed in order to maintain the device.
CAUTION
・ Do not drop or bump the unit and the transducer.
・ Do not use the unit in environmental conditions (ambient temperature, ambient
humidity) other than those prescribed in this manual.
・ Do not use in environments where the pressure receiving part and the antenna
surface of microwave transmitter are frozen.
・ Do not use the unit with a power supply other than the one prescribed in this
manual.
・ Do not use damaged or worn-out cables (power cables, coaxial cables, signal
cables).
・ Do not loosen or disassemble the screw of cable ground of microwave transmitter.
Waterproofing will be lost.
・ Do not touch the pressure receiving part. Due to scratches and deformations, the
prescribed performance will not be obtained.
・ Do not attempt to modify or disassemble the device. Contact the manufacturer in the
event of a malfunction.
・ Please observe the following regarding equipment transportation.
a) Observe the temperature range of the specifications when transporting.
b) Ship it in packaging condition.
・ Please observe the following regarding device storage.
a) Observe the temperature range of the specification when storing.
b) Avoid direct sunlight.
c) Avoid vibrations or shocks.
d) Avoid places where corrosive gases are present.
e) Avoid places with high humidity.

Please observe all of the following. If you do not observe, you can output incorrect
measurement values.
CAUTION
・ Observe the site requirements described in this manual.
・ Use within the specified power and voltage, ambient temperature and humidity in
the specifications.
・ Do not cause vibration or shock to the device.
・ Place the main unit, transducer and cable in a location without noise interference.
It may cause malfunction.
・ If the signal level is not detected or abnormal measurement is detected, an alarm is
output. In this case, take appropriate action.
・ Be sure to use the instructions in the manual when changing settings on the main
unit. Incorrect settings will result in poor performance or incorrect measurement
values (Output signals).

CAUTION
This equipment has been evaluated for conformity in business environments and may
cause radio interference when used in home environments.

Precautions for use

Before using it, please check the device, specifications (including options) and defects.

(5)
(6:Blank)
Before you read this manual ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． (1)
Safety symbols ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． (1)
Label ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． (2)
Introduction ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． (3)
Proper use of the Operation Manual ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． (3)
Precautions regarding the Manual ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． (3)
Prohibitions and Precautions for Safety ．．．．．．．．．．．． (4)
Restrictions and Precautions necessary to maintain the device ．． (5)
Precautions for use ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． (5)

Index

Chapter 1. Configuration ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 1-1

1.1 Device Overview ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 1-1
1.2 Device Configuration ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 1-1
1.3 System Configuration ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 1-2

Chapter 2. Installation ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 2-1

2.1 Caution ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 2-1
2.1.1 Measurement Range of Radar Level Gauge ．．．．．．．．．． 2-1
2.1.2 Installation Environment ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 2-1
2.2 Installation Location ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 2-1
2.2.1 Installation of Radar Level Gauge ．．．．．．．．．．． 2-1
2.2.2 Installation of Pressure Level Gauge ．．．．．．．．． 2-2
2.3 Beam Area ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 2-4
2.4 Effect on the Measurement Range ．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 2-5
2.5 Recommended Installation Example ．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 2-6
2.5.1 Installation for Waterway ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 2-6
2.5.2 Installation for Storage Tank ．．．．．．．．．．．．． 2-7
2.5.3 Installation in Manhole ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 2-8

Chapter 3. Electrical Installation

．．．．．．．．．．．．． 3-1
3.1 Wiring Connection ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 3-1
3.2 Cables ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 3-2
3.3 Load ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 3-3
3.4 Power Supply ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 3-4
3.5 Grounding ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 3-4

Chapter 4. Specifications ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 4-1

4.1 Main Unit Specifications ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 4-1
4.2 Options ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 4-2
4.3 Model Code ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 4-2
4.4 Dimension ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 4-3

Chapter 5. Measurement Principle of Hybrid Level Gauge HC-10 5-1

5.1 Measurement Principle ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 5-1

(7)
5.1.1 Measurement by Radar Level Gauge ．．．．．．．．．．．． 5-1
5.1.2 Measurement by Pressure Level Gauge ．．．．．．．．．． 5-2
5.1.3 Suppression of Atmospheric Pressure Fluctuation Error ．． 5-3
5.1.4 Switching of Sensors ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 5-3

(8)
Chapter 1. Configuration
1.1 Device Overview
This device is a combination of a level gauge that uses the propagation time of
microwaves to measure the distance from the antenna to the liquid surface (Radar Level
Gauge) and a level gauge that uses the measurement of liquid pressure to measure the
distance from the liquid surface to the pressure receiving part (Pressure Level Gauge). The
level measurement method switches automatically depending on the liquid level, with radar
level measurement performed when the Radar Level Gauge and the liquid surface are far
apart, and level measurement by Pressure Level Gauge when the Radar Level Gauge is
submerged. In general, by installing a Pressure Level Gauge in a way that it does not come
into contact with the liquid, it is possible to minimize the negative effects on measurement
such as adhesion or clogging of the pressure sensor.
Pressure Level Gauge measures liquid level from absolute pressure. This means that it
is not affected by errors in measurement caused by clogging or leakage in the atmospheric
pressure compensation tube. Furthermore, our device is equipped with a function that
automatically compares and calibrates the measurement values obtained by Pressure
Level Gauge with those obtained by a Radar Level Gauge, which helps to suppress errors
caused by atmospheric pressure fluctuations.

1.2 Device Configuration

The configuration of device is shown in Fig. 1-1. The device is divided into a transmitter
that operates as a Radar Level Gauge and a pressure sensor that operates as a Pressure
Level Gauge, and they are connected to each other via a sensor cable. A power cable
extends from the transmitter to supply power to the device and output measurement values
through it.

Power Cable

Radar Level Gauge

(Transmitter)

Sensor Cable

Pressure Level Gauge

(Pressure Sensor)

Fig. 1-1 Device Configuration

1-1
1.3 System Configuration

By connecting a computer with a HART modem, the device can be adjusted using
configuration software (optional). Power can be supplied from a power supply unit, PLC,
DCS, etc. An example of a system configuration is shown in Fig. 1-2.
For details on how to adjust the device, refer to the configuration software manual.

－
Power
電源
Supply HC-10
RPL-10
Output出力信号
Signal
ユニット
unit
250Ω DC4～20mA
＋

HARTモデム
HART Modem

Fig. 1-2 System Configuration

1-2
 Chapter 2. Installation
2.1 Caution

Caution
If the installation method or location is not appropriate, it may be measured
incorrectly. Please read this manual carefully before installing it.

2.1.1 Measurement Range of Radar Level Gauge

This device is a combination of Radar Level Gauge and Pressure Level Gauge. As
shown in Fig. 2-1, the measurement range is 10 meters down from the reference point,
and 8 meters up from the reference point. Make sure that the liquid surface is within the
measurement range of Radar Level Gauge.

2.1.2 Installation Environment

This device is intended for use in sewerage. Please do not use it outdoors as it may
cause deterioration due to ultraviolet rays.

2.2 Installation Location

2.2.1 Installation of Radar Level Gauge

When installing a Radar Level Gauge, please observe the following.

・ Please install the device in a place where there are no reflectors that cause disturbance,
microwave interference, or pipes that cause obstruction in the beam area. For beam
areas, refer to the range shown in chapter 2.3
・ Place the mounting fixture horizontally to ensure proper microwave irradiation to the
liquid level.（Within ±1°）
・ To prevent deposit from sticking, install the device so that it does not come into contact
with liquid at normal water level.

水平
Horizontal

Fig. 2-1 Installation location of Radar Level Gauge

2-1
 2.2.2 Installation of Pressure Level Gauge

When installing a Pressure Level Gauge, observe the following.

・ In order to prevent deposit from sticking and clogging to the pressure receiving part,
please install the Pressure Level Gauge so that it does not come into contact with liquid.
・ Install the Pressure Level Gauge at 0.5-1.0m below the radiation face of the Radar
Level Gauge as shown in Fig. 2-3.
・ Install the Pressure Level Gauge with the pressure receiving part facing downward as
shown in Fig. 2-4.
・ Please install the Pressure Level Gauge using a mounting fixture (Option) to prevent it
from flowing into the water flow. An example of installation is shown in Fig. 2-5.
・ Install the Pressure Level Gauge so that it does not fall within the beam area of Radar
Level Gauge.

2-2
 Radar level gauge
8m

Reference point 0m

Measurement by
0.3m

Pressure Level Gauge

0.5 ～ 1.0m

0.3m

0.5m～1.0m
Radiation face

Measurement by
Radar Level Gauge Pressure Level Gauge

10m

Fig. 2-2 Measurement range Fig. 2-3 Installation location of

Radar Level Gauge

Pressure Level Gauge

Mounting fixture

Pressure receiving part

Fig. 2-4 Installation direction of Pressure Level Gauge Fig. 2-5 Example of installing
a Pressure Level Gauge
(Option: Mounting Fixture)

2-3
 2.3 Beam Area

Beam area of this device has different beam angles depending on the direction shown
in Fig. 2-6. When installing, use the range shown in List 2-1 and Fig. 2-7 as a guide for
beam area.
Beam angle 50°(Lengthwise direction)

Beam area

Beam angle 23°(Crosswise direction)

HC-10

Sensor Cable Power Cable

Fig. 2-6 Beam angle

List 2-1 Beam angle & Beam area

Distance (m) Beam area (m)
Lengthwise direction Crosswise direction
(Cable direction） Beam angle＊=23°
Beam angle＊=50°
2 1.9 0.8
4 3.7 1.6
6 5.5 2.4
8 7.5 3.3
10 9.3 4.1
＊
-3dB Half-power beam angle
Lengthwise
縦方向 direction Crosswise
横方向direction

2m
Beam area
マイクロ波照射エリア
4m

Distance
距離 6m

8m

10m

50.0° 23.0°

Fig. 2-7 Beam area

2-4
2.4 Effect on the Measurement Range

In addition to reflectors in the beam area, interference, obstacles, there are other factors
that affect the measurement range. These are listed below.

・ Compared to calm fluid surfaces, measurement range of turbulent surfaces is reduced

due to poorer reflection.
・ Deposit buildup on the antenna, foaming on liquid surfaces, powder granules in air
suspension and other interior tank conditions may affect measurement range and
performance.
・ Measurable range may be varied when area of target fluid surface is smaller than
radiated beam area.

2-5
 2.5 Recommended Installation Example

Following installation examples are recommended.

2.5.1 Installation for Waterway

When using HC-10 in a waterway, install the device with lengthwise direction of
transmitter head to be same direction of flow direction as below. Also, please install the
cable outlet on the downstream side. Also please keep the required free space from the
wall.

Height x0.5
高さｘ0.5以上
Lengthwise direction
level gauge
電波式レベル計
of Radar 縦方向
direction
Waterway

流れ方向
水路

Height
高さ
Flow

※No pipes, projections

※この面に配管・
突起物等のないこと
on this surface Flow direction
流れ方向
Level
通常水位

Fig. 2-8 Example of wall side mounting installation

Fig. 2-9 Example of top roof mounting installation below grating cover

2-6
 Height x0.2
高さｘ0.2以上

Lengthwise direction
level gauge
電波式レベル計
縦方向
direction
Waterway

流れ方向
水路

of Radar
Flow

Height
高さ
Level
通常水位

※No pipes, projections on this surface

※この面に配管・突起物等のないこと

Fig. 2-10 Example of wall side mounting installation for Inlet water level measurement

2.5.2 Installation for Storage Tank

When installing HC-10 on the ceiling of a tank, please avoid installing the device at
the center of tank, because the reflection of side beam will affect stable
measurement.
Besides, please set the lengthwise direction of HC-10 install to be parallel against
the nearest tank wall. In such case, required free space to the nearest tank wall will
be more than [measuring range x 0.2].

電波式レベル計
Lengthwise direction
縦方向
of Radar level gauge
以上

タンク壁面
ｘ 0.2 x0.2

Wall
測定スパン span
Measurement

Fig. 2-11 Example of Tank Installation

※ Any obstructions, which set as parallel to fluid surface in, the radiated beam area
may contain big disturbance noise. In such case, reflection plate will be one of the
solutions to reduce its reflection.

2-7
 2.5.3 Installation in Manhole

When installing inside a manhole, please pay attention to the flow direction of the
waterway and the distance from the wall according to 2.5.1 Installation for Waterway.

Fig. 2-12 Installation in Manhole

2-8
Chapter 3. Electrical Installation
3.1 Wiring Connection

(1) Transmitter Side

Caution
・ Do not remove cable glands or any screws that attached with main unit. In case of
removal it, main unit can not satisfy performance of protection class.

Any cable work must be done at the end side of cable, not at the cable entry of the
main unit.
If cable extension is required, please use chemical binder at the end of cable to keep
water protection class.

+ (blue)
Connect to + side power line

- (white)
HC-10 Cable
Connect to - side power line

FG (yellow) Frame Ground

Connect to the ground terminal of the cabinet with cable shield line.
In case of grounding already at transmitter head side, do not
Connect this line to the ground line at the cabinet.

Shield Connect to power line shield at cabinet side.

Fig. 3-1 Wiring Connection

・ The grounding method varies depending on the installation conditions of the

equipment. Please refer to Section 3.5 for details.

3-1
(2) Connection for Commissioning Software

Sample connection for commissioning software through PC is indicated as below

Fig.3-3. Any analog recorder can be connected instead of HART modem.

R
HART
modem
Power
Supply Unit

250Ω +
HC-10
MRF-10
-

Fig. 3-2 Connection to Commissioning Software

3.2 Cables
Please use the cable attached to the product. When extending the cable, use the following
cables.

Requirement Use shielded twisted cable 2-Core or 3 Core.

Cross-sectional area of conductor is 0.2 …2.5mm2.
(AWG24 …14)
Recommended cable; EM-KNEE-SB/F
(1.25sq x 3C, OD 9mm)

3-2
3.3 Load
Allowable load resistance is shown in Figure 3-3.
The maximum load resistance value at the maximum supply voltage of this equipment is
indicated by ① in Figure 3-3.
(Example: The maximum supply voltage for this equipment is 36 VDC, so the maximum
load resistance is 909Ω.)
The resistor typically used for HART modem is 250Ω. ② in Fig. 3-3 shows the voltage
(DC21.5V) at 250Ω. In addition, ③ in Figure 3-3 shows a load resistance value of 360Ω at
DC24V.

1000
909
800
負荷抵抗 [Ω]
Resistance(Ω)

600

400
360
250
200

0
14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36
21.5 Power
供給電圧 supply
[V] (V)

Fig. 3-3 Load resistance

Minimum load for HART® 250Ω

Maximum load 360Ω (at DC24V)

3.4 Power Supply

Requirement 16…36VDC
Current capacity 22mA

3-3
3.5 Grounding
The terminal must be connected to earth ground prior to connection to any other
equipment. The grounding resister should be less than 100 ohm.

(1) Example of Connecting only with Attached Standard Cable or Extended with
3-Core Shielded Cable
Please connect with shield & FG line to grounding line at power source side as
below.

HC-10 Standard
MRF-10 standardCable
cable
+ + Power
HC-10
MRF-10 - - scource

FG

Shield

Fig. 3-4 Example of installation 1

(2) Extended 2-Core Cable with Shield

Please connect shield line to FG line at connection part, then grounding at power
source side as below.

Extention cable
+ + Power
HC-10
MRF-10 - - source
FG

Shield

Fig. 3-5 Example of installation 2

(3) With Lightening Arrester

Please connect only FG line to arrester grounding line.
The shield of extension line should be taken at ground line of power source side as
below.
The lightening arrester should be installed nearby HC-10 transmitter head.

Extention cable
+ + Power
HC-10
MRF-10 - Arrester - source

FG

Fig. 3-6 Example of installation 3

3-4
(4) When Base of the Mounting Position made by Metal Parts which connected
with the Grounding Line already.
Please connect the grounding terminal nearby cable entry to the ground.

Grounding Terminal

Fig. 3-7 Grounding terminal position

Do not use FG line, only with cable shield connects to grounding line as below.

+ + Power
HC-10
MRF-10 - - source
FG

Shield

Fig. 3-8 Example of installation 4

Extention cable
+ + Power
HC-10
MRF-10 - - source
FG

Shield

Fig. 3-9 Example of installation 5

3-5
3-6 (Blank)
 Chapter 4. Specifications

4.1 Main Unit Specifications

4-1 Main Specifications
Purpose Level Measurement
Measurement Principle Microwave Pulse Echo/Pressure Sensor Combined
Frequency 5.8 GHz
Microwave Transmitting
Less than 35µV/m @3m
Power
Antenna Type Micro-Strip Antenna
Half Power Beam Width Lengthwise：50° Crosswise：23°
Target Media Water
Media
Dielectric Constant εr ≧ 10
Applicable Waterway Over 200R （φ400）
Radar Level： 10m under the reference point
Measurement Range
Pressure Level： 8m over the reference point
Measurement Cycle time 1 sec
Supply Voltage DC 16V ～ 36V (2 wire)
Allowable Resistance Less than 360Ω （24V）
Current Range DC 4mA ～ 20mA
Resolution 0.4 µA
Analog Output Alarm Output Hold／Low（3.9mA）／High（22mA）
Temperature Drift※1 ±0.05%FS/10K and less than 0.5%FS p-p
Communication ※3
HART Communication
Digital Output Protocol
Resolution 1mm
Averaging Time 1 ～ 120 sec
Surge Immunity IEC61000-4-5 (2nd edition) Level-4 (COM 4kV / DIF 2kV)
EMC Directive EN 61000-4-4
Ambient Temperature -20℃～+70℃（In not frozen water when pressure sensor is under water）
Storage and Transport
Temperature -40℃ ～ +80℃
Vibration Resistance 9.8m/s2 （1G） @9Hz～200Hz
Pressure Resistance 0.1MPa(Under water 10m)
Housing SCS14
Flat Radar Antenna Rigid PVC heat-resistant grade
Pressure Sensor SUS316L / Epoxy
Material
Cable Grand SUS316 / 66Nylon
Power Cable Cover PE
Sensor Cable Cover PVC
IP rating IEC 60529 (JIS C0920) IP68 (Under water 10m / 24h)
Power Cable 3 Core Cable with Shield(10 m)
Sensor Cable 3 Core Cable with Shield( 2 m)
Dimension 192(W)×172(L)×54(H) ※2
Weight Approx. 4.5kg
*1 The actual output is also affected by the temperature dependence of the sensor.
*2 Dimensions excluding cable gland, power cable, sensor cable and pressure sensor.
*3 Not compatible with HART standards.

4-1
 4-2 Sensor Specifications
Microwave Pulse Radar
Measurement Range 0.3～10m from reference point
Repeatability σ＜１mm
Accuracy※1 ±5mm (0.3～5m)
±10mm (5～10m)
Temperature Drift※2 ±3mm/10K and less than 20mm p-p

Pressure Sensor
Measurement Range -8～0.3m from reference point
Repeatability σ＜5mm
Accuracy※1 ±50mm※4
Temperature Drift※2, 3 ±50mm/20K and less than 100mm p-p（-20～50℃）
Installation Location 0.5～1.0m in front of Radar Sensor
*1 Accuracy in our measurement environment. Accuracy may not be guaranteed depending
on the installation environment. Deviation by strong, high frequency electromagnetic fields
within EN61326-1 ≦±50mm.
*2 In the case of analog output, the measured value is further affected by the temperature
dependency of the analog output.
*3 Except when frozen
*4 If the device is worked while submerged in water, accuracy of pressure sensor may
deteriorate.

4.2 Options

Options
Wall Mounting Fixture Material：SUS304 or SUS316 Selectable
Ceiling Mounting Fixture Material：SUS304 or SUS316 Selectable
Pressure Sensor Mounting Material：SUS316L
CD-R Config Soft Operation Manual(pdf) are included.

4.3 Model Code

Main unit
HC - 1 0 -
<Spec>
S ： For waste water
Flat antenna Rigid PVC heat-resistant grade

4-2
4.4 Dimension

Fig. 4-1 Dimension (Without Mounting Fixture)

4-3
Fig. 4-2 Dimension (With Mounting Fixture)

4-4
Fig. 4-3 Dimension (With Ceiling Mounting Fixture)

4-5
Fig. 4-4 Dimension (Mounting Fixture of Sensor)

4-6
Chapter 5．Measurement Principle of Hybrid Level Gauge HC-10

5.1 Measurement Principle

HC-10

5.1.1 Measurement by Radar Level Gauge

HC-10 utilizes the microwave pulse radar with

frequency of 5.8 GHz. By measuring the
propagation time to the object, the distance can be
calculated. D= Distance
Microwave pulses radiated from the antennas of
this device installed in the waterway are reflected
on the surface of the object, received again by the R= Ullage
antenna and transmitted to the electronic part of Surface
the body. The distance D to the object is measured
by multiplying 1/2 of the propagation time t by the
propagation speed c.

D = c × ( t / 2 ) ・・・・・(1) L= Level
D：Distance
c：Propagation speed
t：Propagation time

Fig. 5-1 Measurement principle of Radar Level Gauge

As shown in formula (2), the level L can be measured by subtracting the distance D to Ullage R.

From formula (1)

L ＝ R － D ・・・・・(2)
L：Level
R：Ullage

5-1
5.1.2 Measurement by Pressure Level Gauge
HC-10
The pressure sensor of this device is an
absolute pressure sensor, and can measure the
sum of liquid pressure and atmospheric pressure.
As shown in formula (3), the liquid pressure PG
can be obtained by subtracting the atmospheric
pressure P0 to the measurement result of absolute
pressure P.
Sensor
separation distance α
PG = P - P0 ・・・・・(3)
P : Absolute pressure
PG : Liquid pressure R= Ullage Surface
P0 : Atmospheric pressure
W= Water depth
from pressure sensor
The water depth W from pressure sensor is
calculated by using liquid pressure PG measured
by pressure sensor, the specific gravity ρ of the
L= Level
object, and gravitational acceleration.

W = PG / (ρ × g ) ・・・・・(4)

W : Water depth from Pressure Sensor

ρ: Specific gravity    Fig. 5-2 Measurement principle of
g : Gravitational acceleration Pressure Sensor
 
The level L can be measured by using the water depth W from pressure sensor, the ullage R, and the
sensor separation distance α.

L = R - (α - W) ・・・・・(5)
α : Sensor separation distance

5-2
5.1.3 Suppression of Atmospheric Pressure Fluctuation Error
HC-10

HC-10 has a function to calibrate the

measured value of Pressure Level Gauge, and
automatically suppresses the influence of errors
due to atmospheric pressure fluctuation. Using
the measured value by radar sensor LM which is
not affected by atmospheric pressure fluctuation
as a reference, and calculate the difference from
the measured value by pressure sensor LP,
Surface
atmospheric pressure fluctuation error LE
generated in the pressure sensor can be Atmospheric pressure
calculated. fluctuation error LE

LE = LM - LP ・・・・・(6)
LE : Atmospheric pressure fluctuation error Measured value
LM : Measured value by Radar Sensor by Radar sensor LM
LP : Measured value by Pressure Sensor Measured value
by Pressure sensor LP
The size of atmospheric pressure fluctuation
error LE is stored inside the device, and by
calibrating value measured with pressure sensor,
atmospheric pressure fluctuation error is suppressed.
Fig. 5-3 Suppression of
Atmospheric Pressure Fluctuation Error

5.1.4 Switching of Sensors

-8m HC-10
This device enables a wider range of
measurement by automatically switching
between two level gauges, Radar type and
Pressure type. The switching point of the Reference Point
sensors is 0.3m below antenna of the radar
Measurement range of
sensor, which is the reference point. If the liquid Pressure Sensor 0.3m
surface is below the switching point, it is
measured with a radar sensor. And if the liquid
surface is above the switching point, it is
measured with a pressure sensor. Switching Point

0.3m

Measurement range of
Radar Sensor

10m

Fig. 5-4 Switching of Sensors

5-3
5-4 (Blank)
Document No. KF23-003

Hybrid Level Gauge

HC-10 Installation & Operation Manual
First Published in May 2023

Issue TOKYO KEIKI INC.

Measurement Systems Company
2-16-46, Minami-Kamata, Ohta-Ku,
Tokyo 144-8551, Japan
TEL 03-3737-8621
FAX 03-3737-8665
URL https://www.tokyokeiki.jp/

Reprinting, transmitting or reproducing of this

manual is prohibited.
The contents of this manual are subject to
change without notice.