60%

27.06.
2023, 22:33 Krok 1 Stomatology (EN) 2023: Attempt review
Started on Tuesday, 27 June 2023, 9:20 PM

State Finished
Completed on Tuesday, 27 June 2023, 10:32 PM
Time taken 1 hour 11 mins
Marks 91.00/150.00
Grade 6.07 out of 10.00 (60.67%)
Question 1
Incorrect
Mark 0.00 out of 1.00
Typical signs of food poisoning caused by C. botulinum include diplopia, swallowing and respiration disorders. These signs develop due to:
a. Exotoxin action
b. Adenylate cyclase activation
c. Enterotoxin action
d. Adhesion of the agent to enterocyte receptors
e. Enterotoxic shock development 
The correct answer is: Exotoxin action
Question 2
Incorrect
A patient developed a tender red nodule in the lower jaw region. Histology detects accumulation of purulent exudate in several hair follicles.
What clinical and morphological type of inflammation is observed in this case?
a. Phlegmon
b. Furuncle
c. Abscess 
d. Hypostatic abscess
e. Carbuncle
The correct answer is: Carbuncle
https://test.testcentr.org.ua/mod/quiz/review.php?attempt=76264&cmid=33&showall=1 1/51
27.06.2023, 22:33 Krok 1 Stomatology (EN) 2023: Attempt review
Question 3
Incorrect
What artery can be damaged when conduction anesthesia is being administered to the area of mandibular foramen?
a. Inferior alveolar artery

b. Middle meningeal artery
c. Pterygoid branches of the maxillary artery
d. Lingual artery 
e. Buccal artery
The correct answer is: Inferior alveolar artery
Question 4
Correct
A patient is being prepared for a surgery - partial mandibular resection. What drug should be administered to decrease salivation?
a. Lobeline
b. Tubocurarin chloride
c. Carbacholine
d. Atropine sulfate 
e. Armine
The correct answer is: Atropine sulfate
Question 5
Incorrect
In a closed community it is necessary to determine community members immunity to diphtheria and verify the need for their vaccination. What
investigation is necessary in this case?
a. Determine antitoxin titer by means of indirect hemagglutination assay

b. Check medical records for vaccination
c. Test community members for diphtheria bacillus carriage
d. Determine community members immunity to diphtheria bacillus 
e. Determine diphtheria antibody titer
The correct answer is: Determine antitoxin titer by means of indirect hemagglutination assay
Question 6
Incorrect
Microscopy of the samples obtained from the patient's pharynx and stained according to Neisser shows bacilli with thickened poles situated at
an angle to each other. Name the likely species of these microorganisms:
a. Neisseria gonorrhoeae
b. Leptospira interrhogans
c. Streptococcus pyogenes
d. Corynebacterium diphtheriae
e. Mycobacterium tuberculosis 
The correct answer is: Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Question 7
Incorrect
Bacteria that enter the body are being phagocytized by macrophages. What is the role of macrophages in cooperation of immunocompetent
cells during the first phase of immune response?
a. Activate NK cells 
b. Ensure antigen processing and presentation to T killer cells
c. Activate T killer cells
d. Produce immunoglobulins
e. Ensure antigen processing and presentation to T helper cells
The correct answer is: Ensure antigen processing and presentation to T helper cells
Question 8
Incorrect
A 42-year-old man with an incised wound on the lower anterior surface of his shoulder came to a hospital. Objectively, he presents with
impaired forearm flexion. What muscles are likely to be damaged in this patient?
a. M. coracobrachialis, m. supraspinatus
b. M. deltoideus, m. biceps brachii 
c. M. biceps brachii, m. anconeus
d. M. deltoideus, m. infraspinatus
e. M. brachialis, m. biceps brachii
The correct answer is: M. brachialis, m. biceps brachii
Question 9
Incorrect
Formation of a large amount of immunoglobulins with various antigen specificity from a small number of genes occurs due to:
a. Deletion
b. Transcription 
c. Recombination
d. Translocation
e. Replication
The correct answer is: Recombination
Question 10
Correct
A man was submerged into the ice-cold water and soon died of abrupt exposure to cold. In such cases an organism loses heat most intensively
by the way of:
a. Heat conduction and radiation

b. Convection
c. Radiation
d. Heat conduction 
e. -
The correct answer is: Heat conduction
Question 11
Incorrect
A patient has diabetes mellitus with fasting hyperglycemia of over 7.2 mmol/L. What blood plasma protein would allow to assess the patient's
glycemia levels retrospectively (4--8 weeks prior to the examination)?
a. Albumin
b. C-reactive protein 
c. Glycated hemoglobin
d. Ceruloplasmin
e. Fibrinogen
The correct answer is: Glycated hemoglobin
Question 12
Correct
Fetal malformations can be caused by such maternal diseases as rubella, syphilis, toxoplasmosis, cytomegaly, herpes, and chlamydiosis. These
malformations belong to the following type of variability:
a. Mutational
b. Epimutational
c. Genomic imprinting
d. Combinative
e. Modificational 
The correct answer is: Modificational
Question 13
Correct
All of the teeth in the mouth together are referred to as the dentition. Humans have two dentitions throughout life: one during childhood,
called the primary dentition, and one that will hopefully last throughout adulthood, called the permanent (secondary) dentition. The first
permanent molars usually begin their eruption by/at:
a. Twelve months of age

b. Six to seven years of age 
c. Four to five years of age
d. -
e. Birth
The correct answer is: Six to seven years of age
Question 14
Incorrect
During microscopy of a renal biopsy material there are tubules revealed in the cortical substance. The tubules are approximately 60
micrometers in diameter; their wall consists of tall cuboidal epithelium with pronounced apical frame and basal folds. Name these structures:
a. Capsule of renal corpuscle

b. Henle's loop
c. Collection duct 
d. Proximal tubules
e. Distal tubules
The correct answer is: Proximal tubules
Question 15
Incorrect
Examination shows that the patient has disturbed secretory function of a parotid gland due to pathology of the nerve that carries
parasympathetic postganglionic nerve fibers from the otic ganglion to the affected gland. What nerve is it?
a. N. auriculotemporalis
b. N. buccalis
c. N. facialis 
d. N. petrosus major
e. N. lingualis
The correct answer is: N. auriculotemporalis
Question 16
Incorrect
Various types of muscle contractions occurring in the alimentary canal of a test animal were studied and their different functional purposes
were determined. It was noted that only one type of motor activity occurred in the circular and longitudinal muscles. Name this motor activity:
a. Nonpropulsive segmental activity 

b. Pendular movements of intestine
c. Tonic contraction of sphincters
d. Peristalsis
e. Mastication
The correct answer is: Peristalsis
Question 17
Correct
Auscultation reveals that in the patient's II intercostal space along the parasternal line on the right the II heart sound is better heard than the I
heart sound. What valve produces this sound when closing?
a. Semilunar aortic valve 

b. Bicuspid valve
c. Semilunar pulmonary valve
d. Bicuspid and tricuspid valves
e. Tricuspid valve
The correct answer is: Semilunar aortic valve
Question 18
Correct
A 53-year-old patient with a long history of nephrolithiasis underwent nephrectomy. The kidney resembles a thin-walled sac filled with urine.
Renal parenchyma is atrophied. Specify this complication of nephrolithiasis:
a. Hydronephrosis 
b. Pyelonephritis
c. Pyonephrosis
d. Multicystic kidney disease
e. Nephrosclerosis
The correct answer is: Hydronephrosis
Question 19
Correct
A dentist administers anesthesia in the area of the upper second molar. What nerves does the doctor anesthetize?
a. Rr. alveolares superiores anteriores

b. Rr. alveolares inferiores anteriores
c. Rr. alveolares inferiores posteriores
d. Rr. alveolares superiores medii
e. Rr. alveolares superiores posteriores 
The correct answer is: Rr. alveolares superiores posteriores
Question 20
Incorrect
In the process of tooth extraction, the connection between the tooth cement and tooth socket is being destroyed. Name this connecting
structure:
a. Dentin
b. Periodontium
c. Enamel
d. Gums 
e. Cement
The correct answer is: Periodontium
Question 21
Correct
A sputum sample was obtained from a tuberculosis patient for bacterioscopy. What staining technique must be applied to the smears for
detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
a. Gram
b. Burri-Gins
c. Romanowsky
d. Ziehl-Neelsen 
e. Zdrodovsky
The correct answer is: Ziehl-Neelsen
Question 22
Correct
A 14-year-old patient presents with disturbed twilight vision. What vitamin is deficient in the body of this patient?
a. C
b. A 
c. B₁
d. B₆
e. B₁₂
The correct answer is: A
Question 23
Correct
A 50-year-old patient with hypertensive crisis had been administered magnesium sulfate, which led to abrupt decrease in blood pressure. The
side effects of magnesium sulfate can be prevented if the following drug is administered:
a. Potassium chloride
b. Sodium sulfate
c. Calcium chloride 
d. Sodium bromide
e. Trilon B
The correct answer is: Calcium chloride
Question 24
Correct
A man has developed a drooping mouth corner and smoothed out nasolabial fold due to influenza complication. What nerve is damaged?
a. Trochlear nerve
b. Maxillary nerve
c. Facial nerve 
d. Oculomotor nerve
e. Mandibular nerve
The correct answer is: Facial nerve
Question 25
Correct
A 30-year-old man had suffered a thoracic trauma in a traffic accident, which resulted in disturbance of external respiration. What ventilatory
failure can be observed in this case?
a. Mixed type
b. Extrapulmonary restrictive 
c. Obstructive
d. Dysregulatory
e. Pulmonary restrictive
The correct answer is: Extrapulmonary restrictive
Question 26
Incorrect
Disturbed auditory function can be caused by changes in the structure of the receptor cells of spiral organ of Corti. What cells are affected in
such cases?
a. Hair cells
b. Supporting cells
c. Pillars
d. Phalangeal cells
e. Marginal cells 
The correct answer is: Hair cells
Question 27
Correct
Cytogenetic analysis allowed to determine the patient's karyotype - 47, XY, +21/46, XY. Name this condition:
a. Phenocopy
b. Deletion
c. Mosaicism 
d. Genocopy
e. Translocation
The correct answer is: Mosaicism
Question 28
Incorrect
The pediatrician examines a one-year-old child. The child has 4 teeth in the oral cavity. How many milk teeth should the child have at this age?
a. 10
b. 14
c. 12 
d. 8
e. 20
The correct answer is: 8
Question 29
Correct
In 8 days after a surgery the patient developed tetanus. The surgeon suspects this condition to be caused by suture material contaminated by
tetanus agent. The material is delivered to a bacteriological laboratory. What nutrient medium is required for primary inoculation of the suture
material?
a. Endo agar
b. Egg-yolk salt agar
c. Hiss medium
d. Sabouraud agar
e. Kitt-Tarozzi medium 
The correct answer is: Kitt-Tarozzi medium
Question 30
Incorrect
A woman is diagnosed with fatty tissue inflammation located between the leaves of broad ligament of the uterus. Name this anatomical
structure:
a. Myometrium
b. Perimetrium
c. Endometrium
d. Parametrium
e. Mesometrium 
The correct answer is: Parametrium
Question 31
Incorrect
Autopsy of a man with tuberculosis has revealed a 3 x 2 cm large cavity in the superior lobe of the right lung. The cavity was communicating
with a bronchus, its wall was dense and consisted of three layers: the internal layer was pyogenic, the middle layer was made of tuberculous
granulation tissue, and the external one was made of connective tissue. What is the most likely diagnosis?
a. Acute cavernous tuberculosis

b. Tuberculoma
c. Fibrous cavernous tuberculosis
d. Fibrous focal tuberculosis 
e. Acute focal tuberculosis
The correct answer is: Fibrous cavernous tuberculosis
Question 32
Incorrect
A 40-year-old patient with a poisoning caused by the chlorophos (metrifonate) insecticide was hospitalized into the toxicology department.
What drug that blocks peripheral muscarinic acetylcholine receptors would be most effective in treatment of such poisoning?
a. Scopolamine
b. Atropine sulfate
c. Benzohexonium (Hexamethonium)
d. Platyphylline
e. Amizylum (Benactyzine) 
The correct answer is: Atropine sulfate
Question 33
Incorrect
During gastrulation an embryo proceeds from histiotrophic to hematotrophic nutrition. What provisory organ makes it possible at first?
a. Amnion
b. Allantois
c. Chorion
d. Yolk sac 
e. Trophoblast
The correct answer is: Chorion
Question 34
Incorrect
Examination of a tooth shows that there is a large cavity in its crown. The floor of the cavity consists of thin layer of softened dentin that
separates the cavity from the pulp. What is the most likely diagnosis?
a. Deep caries
b. Periodontitis
c. Superficial caries
d. Pulpitis 
e. Median caries
The correct answer is: Deep caries
Question 35
Incorrect
A man presents with suppurative wound in the area of mastoid bone, which resulted in development of cerebral meningitis in the patient.
Specify the way of infection penetration into the patient's cranial cavity:
a. V. facialis
b. V.v. tympanicae
c. V.v. labirinthi
d. V. auricularis 
e. V. emissariae mastoidea
The correct answer is: V. emissariae mastoidea
Question 36
Correct
After the water supply system had been put into operation in a new residential area, the medical officers of sanitary and epidemiological station
measured total microbial number in the water. Name the maximum permissible value of this indicator for potable water:
a. 10
b. 100 
c. 400
d. 500
e. 1000
The correct answer is: 100
Question 37
Incorrect
To test teeth sensitivity they are sprayed with cold or hot water. What structure of cerebral cortex provides subjective estimation of this thermal
test?
a. Precentral gyrus
b. Middle frontal gyrus 
c. Posterior central gyrus
d. Central fissure
e. First temporal convolution
The correct answer is: Posterior central gyrus
Question 38
Correct
To prevent an increase in hepatitis B morbidity in the city hospitals, it is necessary to vaccinate the medical personnel. What should be used for
immunization in this case?
a. Arbidol (Umifenovir)
b. Inactivated vaccine
c. Recombinant vaccine 
d. Interferon
e. Live attenuated vaccine
The correct answer is: Recombinant vaccine
Question 39
Incorrect
Histologic specimen demonstrates an oral cavity organ with mucosa covered with keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. Specify this organ
or its part:
a. Uvula
b. Gum
c. Labial mucosa
d. Soft palate
e. Inferior surface of tongue 
The correct answer is: Gum
Question 40
Correct
Laboratory analysis revealed UDP-glucuronyl transferase deficiency in the patient. What blood values can confirm this enzymopathy?
a. Uremia
b. Ketoacidosis
c. Hyperbilirubinemia 
d. Indicanuria
e. Phenylketonuria
The correct answer is: Hyperbilirubinemia
Question 41
Incorrect
Examination of a 23-year-old patient reveals that, when his tongue is protruded, its tip deviates to the side. This is caused by the dysfunction of
the following tongue muscle:
a. Genioglossus
b. Inferior longitudinal
c. Styloglossus
d. Superior longitudinal 
e. Hyoid
The correct answer is: Genioglossus
Question 42
Incorrect
Bacterioscopy of a swab from the patient's urethra detected gonorrhea. Since fluoroquinolones are the drugs of choice for the treatment of
gonorrhea, this patient must be prescribed:
a. Urosulfan (Sulfacarbamide)
b. Cefazolin
c. Ciprofloxacin
d. Fluorouracil 
e. Furazolidone
The correct answer is: Ciprofloxacin
Question 43
Incorrect
Under the influence of physical factors there can develop defects in a DNA molecule. Ultraviolet irradiation, for instance, can cause
development of dimers. Dimers are two adjacent pyrimidine bases joined together. Name these bases:
a. Guanine and cytosine

b. Thymine and cytosine
c. Adenine and guanine
d. Guanine and thymine
e. Adenine and thymine 
The correct answer is: Thymine and cytosine
Question 44
Correct
During oral cavity examination a dentist noticed eruption of the permanent canines in a child. The child grows and develops normally.
Determine the child's age:
a. 11-13 years 
b. 6-7 years
c. 13-16 years
d. 9-10 years
e. 8-9 years
The correct answer is: 11-13 years
Question 45
Incorrect
Detoxification of bilirubin occurs in the membranes of endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocytes. Bilirubin is secreted by hepatocytes into bile for
the most part as:
a. Unconjugated bilirubin
b. Bilirubin monoglucuronide 
c. Indirect reacting bilirubin
d. -
e. Bilirubin diglucuronide
The correct answer is: Bilirubin diglucuronide
Question 46
Correct
A 72-year-old man with hepatocirrhosis developed hepatic coma. Its development is caused by the substances, that are being neutralized in the
liver, entering into general circulation through portacaval shunts (portal hypertension syndrome) and necrosis of hepatic cells. What type of
hepatic coma is characterized by these presentations?
a. Mixed 
b. Parenchymatous
c. Shunt
d. Hepatocellular
e. Ketoacidotic
The correct answer is: Mixed
Question 47
Correct
Laboratory analysis confirmed the patient's diagnosis of gout. What analysis was conducted to make this diagnosis?
a. Measuring urine ammonia levels

b. Measuring uric acid levels in the blood and urine 
c. Measuring urine creatinine levels
d. Measuring urea levels in the blood and urine
e. Measuring residual nitrogen in the blood
The correct answer is: Measuring uric acid levels in the blood and urine
Question 48
Incorrect
During cell analysis, their cytoplasm was determined to have high content of aminoacyl tRNA synthetase. This enzyme ensures the following
process:
a. Elongation
b. Repair
c. Replication
d. Transcription 
e. Amino acid activation
The correct answer is: Amino acid activation
Question 49
Correct
A patient complains of acute spastic abdominal pain, frequent urge to defecate, liquid bloody feces with mucus. Laboratory analysis of fecal
smear revealed inconstant in shape organisms with erythrocytes. What is the most likely diagnosis?
a. Schistosomiasis
b. Balantidiasis
c. Amebiasis 
d. Intestinal trichomoniasis
e. Lambliasis
The correct answer is: Amebiasis
Question 50
Correct
A bacteriological laboratory received a sample of dried fish from an outbreak of food poisoning. Inoculation of the sample on Kitt-Tarozzi
medium revealed microorganisms resembling tennis racket. These microorganisms are causative agents of the following disease:
a. Typhoid fever
b. Botulism 
c. Diphtheria
d. Dysentery
e. Salmonellosis
The correct answer is: Botulism
Question 51
Correct
While waiting for tooth extraction, a patient developed a bronchial asthma attack. To stop the bronchospasm, the patient needs to be
prescribed a drug that belongs to the following pharmacological group:
a. Muscarinic agonists
b. Psychostimulants
c. Analeptics
d. β₂-adrenergic agonists 
e. Analgesics
The correct answer is: β₂-adrenergic agonists
Question 52
Correct
Microslide of a cardiac tissue shows rectangular cells with central location of the nucleus and well-developed myofibrils connected with Z-disks.
These cells perform the following cardiac function:
a. Contraction 
b. Endocrine
c. Impulse conduction
d. Protective
e. Regenerative
The correct answer is: Contraction
Question 53
Correct
Due to severe pain syndrome a patient has been prescribed a narcotic analgesic. Specify the prescribed drug:
a. Nimesulid
b. Indometacin
c. Morphine 
d. Analgin (Metamizole)
e. Dimexid
The correct answer is: Morphine
Question 54
Incorrect
During examination of the oral cavity, a dentist detected a carious cavity in the lower second premolar. The cavity is located on the crown
surface that faces the first premolar. What surface of the dental crown is affected in this case?
a. Facies occlusalis
b. Facies vestibularis 
c. Facies mesialis
d. Facies lingualis
e. Facies distalis
The correct answer is: Facies mesialis
Question 55
Correct
A patient suffering from ciliary arrhythmia with a history of bronchial asthma should be prescribed an antiarrhythmic drug. What antiarrhythmic
drug is contraindicated in this case?
a. Novocainamide (Procainamide)
b. Ajmaline
c. Verapamil
d. Anaprilin (Propranolol) 
e. Nifedipine
The correct answer is: Anaprilin (Propranolol)
Question 56
Correct
A surgeon accidentally damaged a nerve that innervates mylohyoid muscle. Name this nerve:
a. N. accessorius
b. N. hypoglossus
c. N. facialis
d. N. trigeminus 
e. N. glossopharyngeus
The correct answer is: N. trigeminus
Question 57
Incorrect
A patient presents with disturbed blood supply to the medial surface of the right cerebral hemisphere. What artery is damaged in this case?
a. A. communicans posterior
b. A. chorioidea
c. A. cerebri anterior
d. A. cerebri media 
e. A. cerebri posterior
The correct answer is: A. cerebri anterior
Question 58
Incorrect
Microscopy of an autopsy material sampled from lungs has revealed that alveolar lumen is filled with exudate consisting mostly of erythrocytes.
What type of pneumonia is the most likely to be the cause?
a. Measles pneumonia
b. Influenza virus pneumonia
c. Staphylococcal pneumonia 
d. Pneumococcal pneumonia
e. Typhoid pneumonia
The correct answer is: Influenza virus pneumonia
Question 59
Incorrect
A histological specimen of an eyeball shows a multilayer structure. The most distant layer is represented by a specialized pigmented epithelium
that is composed of hexagonal melanin-containing cells. The photosensory layer is represented by photosensitive outer segments of rods and
cones. What eye structure has such a morphology?
a. Iris 
b. Uvea
c. Sclera
d. Retina
e. Ciliary body
The correct answer is: Retina
Question 60
Correct
In diabetes mellitus, the levels of ketone bodies in the blood increase, causing metabolic acidosis. From what substance are ketone bodies
synthesized?
a. Malonyl-CoA
b. Propionyl-CoA
c. Acetyl-CoA 
d. Methylmalonyl-CoA
e. Succinyl-CoA
The correct answer is: Acetyl-CoA
Question 61
Incorrect
A 32-year-old woman with asymptomatic progression of the disease for the second time gave birth to a stillborn baby with marked
microcephaly. What disease can be suspected in this case?
a. Brucellosis
b. Toxoplasmosis
c. Histoplasmosis
d. Listeriosis
e. Syphilis 
The correct answer is: Toxoplasmosis
Question 62
Correct
A patient suffering from arthritis is prescribed a COX₂ selective inhibitor with anti-inflammatory action. Specify this drug:
a. Indometacin
b. Dimexid
c. Analgin (Metamizole)
d. Celecoxib 
e. Butadion (Phenylbutazone)
The correct answer is: Celecoxib
Question 63
Correct
To take a sample of cerebrospinal fluid for analysis, a doctor makes a puncture into subarachnoid space. To prevent damage to the spinal cord,
the needle must be inserted between the two following vertebrae:
a. XII thoracic and I lumbar

b. I and II lumbar
c. XI and XII thoracic
d. III and IV lumbar 
e. IV and V thoracic
The correct answer is: III and IV lumbar
Question 64
Incorrect
For biochemical diagnostics of cardiac infarction it is necessary to determine activity of a number of enzymes and their izoenzymes in the
blood. What enzyme assay is considered to be optimal for confirming or ruling out cardiac infarction at the early stage, after the patient
develops thoracic pain?
a. Creatine kinase MM isoenzyme

b. LDH₅ isoenzyme
c. Creatine kinase MB isoenzyme
d. LDH₁ isoenzyme
e. Cytoplasmic isoenzyme of aspartate aminotransferase 
The correct answer is: Creatine kinase MB isoenzyme
Question 65
Correct
An experimental animal, a dog, received a weak solution of hydrochloric acid through a tube inserted into the duodenum. Primarily it will result
in increased secretion of the following hormone:
a. Histamine
b. Cholecystokinin
c. Secretin 
d. Gastrin
e. Neurotensin
The correct answer is: Secretin
Question 66
Correct
Examination of a patient revealed dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia. What vitamin deficiency is the cause of this condition?
a. Ascorbic acid
b. Biotin
c. Nicotinamide 
d. Folic acid
e. Rutin
The correct answer is: Nicotinamide
Question 67
Incorrect
A hunter was drinking raw water from a pond. He risks infection with the following type of trematodiasis:
a. Clonorchiasis
b. Fascioliasis
c. Paragonimiasis
d. Dicroceliasis
e. Opisthorchiasis 
The correct answer is: Fascioliasis
Question 68
Incorrect
Patients suffering from xeroderma pigmentosum have extremely photosensitive skin due to disrupted excision repair. Specify the process that is
affected in such patients:
a. Synthesis of protein primary structure

b. Maturation of iRNA 
c. Repair of DNA molecule
d. Intron extraction and exon connection
e. Synthesis of iRNA
The correct answer is: Repair of DNA molecule
Question 69
Correct
During a regular check-up with the dentist, a patient diagnosed with chronic gingivitis presents with no inflammatory changes in the gingival
mucosa. This condition of the patient can be characterized as:
a. Recurrence
b. Pathologic reaction
c. Remission 
d. Complication
e. Pathologic process
The correct answer is: Remission
Question 70
Correct
To determine the functional state of the patient's liver, the analysis of animal indican excreted with urine was conducted. Indican is produced
during detoxification of putrefaction products of a certain amino acid, which takes place in the large intestine. Name this amino acid.
a. Tryptophan 
b. Cysteine
c. Valine
d. Glycine
e. Serine
The correct answer is: Tryptophan
Question 71
Incorrect
A man after a traffic accident was brought in a severe condition to the intensive care unit. The patient's condition can be described as a severe
pathologic process accompanied by exhaustion of vital functions that brings the body to the brink of death due to critical decrease of capillary
circulation in the affected organs. Name the patient's condition:
a. Preagony
b. Coma
c. Shock
d. Collapse 
e. Agony
The correct answer is: Shock
Question 72
Correct
A 30-year-old man with glomerulonephritis has developed nephrotic syndrome. What symptom invariably accompanies nephrotic syndrome?
a. Proteinuria 
b. Low urine specific gravity
c. Azotemia
d. Anemia
e. Glucosuria
The correct answer is: Proteinuria
Question 73
Incorrect
In the course of experiment the vagus nerve of the test animal was severed, which resulted in the animal developing constant tachycardia. What
effect of parasympathetic nervous system on cardiac performance is demonstrated by this experiment?
a. Paradoxical response
b. Stimulation 
c. Inhibition
d. Mixed effect
e. Stimulus summation
The correct answer is: Inhibition
Question 74
Correct
For two weeks a woman has been taking the mixture for neurasthenia, which was prescribed by a neurologist. Her general state slightly
improved but shortly she started complaining of rhinitis, conjunctivitis, skin rashes, fatigue, and memory impairment. What group of drugs can
have such a side effect?
a. Hop preparations
b. Valerian preparations
c. Motherwort preparations
d. Adaptogens
e. Bromine salts 
The correct answer is: Bromine salts
Question 75
Correct
During a class in molecular biology, the mutations resulting in production of abnormal hemoglobin are being studied. What amino acid
substitution occurs when S-hemoglobin is being produced, resulting in the development of sickle-cell anemia?
a. Histidine is substituted with arginine

b. Threonine is substituted with lysine
c. Glycine is substituted with asparagine
d. Lysine is substituted with glutamine
e. Glutamic acid is substituted with valine 
The correct answer is: Glutamic acid is substituted with valine
Question 76
Correct
Two nucleotides have been lost in the sequence of DNA nucleotides due to the effect of radiation. What type of mutation occurred in the DNA
strand?
a. Deletion 
b. Replication
c. Translocation
d. Inversion
e. Duplication
The correct answer is: Deletion
Question 77
Incorrect
A patient with acute bronchitis has been prescribed sulfanilamide drugs for treatment. In an hour after administration the patient developed
itching and vesicles filled with light transparent liquid on the face, palms and soles. Name the mechanism of immune response:
a. Antibody-mediated cytolysis
b. Cell cytotoxicity
c. Immune complex-mediated hypersensitivity 
d. Reaginic reaction
e. -
The correct answer is: Reaginic reaction
Question 78
Correct
On microscopic examination of leftovers of the canned meat eaten by a patient with severe food toxicoinfection the following was detected:
gram-positive bacilli with subterminal staining defect and configuration alteration of bacilli generally resembling a tennis racket. What agent
was detected?
a. P. vulgaris
b. C. botulinum 
c. S. aureus
d. E. coli
e. S. enteritidis
The correct answer is: C. botulinum
Question 79
Correct
Membrane-acting protein/peptide hormones regulate metabolism in the cells, using intracellular mediators (messengers) for this purpose.
ACTH causes intracellular effects by forming:
a. Calcium/calmodulin
b. ---
c. Inositol trisphosphate
d. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate 
e. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate
The correct answer is: Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
Question 80
Correct
A 33-year-old man presents with disturbed pain and thermal sensitivity after a spinal cord trauma. The following ascending tract is injured:
a. Dorsal spinocerebellar
b. Ventral spinocerebellar
c. Anterior corticospinal
d. Spinothalamic 
e. Lateral corticospinal
The correct answer is: Spinothalamic
Question 81
Correct
A patient with limb fracture should be prescribed a depolarizing muscle relaxant for brief surgical invasion. Name this drug:
a. Azamethonium bromide (Pentaminum)

b. Tubocurarin chloride
c. Cytisinum (Cytitonum)
d. Dithylinum 
e. Atropine sulfate
The correct answer is: Dithylinum
Question 82
Correct
Indigenous population of Pamir has the following characteristic features: high rate of base metabolism, elongated tubular bones, wide rib cage,
high blood oxygen capacity due to increased number of erythrocytes, high hemoglobin content. What type of ecological adaptation is it?
a. Tropical
b. Arctic
c. Subtropical
d. Temperate
e. Mountain 
The correct answer is: Mountain
Question 83
Correct
A patient with autoimmune thyroiditis has been prescribed a peptide hormonal agent. Specify this agent:
a. Trimethoprim
b. L-thyroxin 
c. Triamcinolone
d. Triquilar
e. Tamoxifen
The correct answer is: L-thyroxin
Question 84
Incorrect
A histological specimen of kidney shows a structure consisting of a glomerulus of fenestrated capillaries and a bilayer epithelial capsule. Specify
this structure:
a. Henle's loop
b. Proximal tubule
c. Renal corpuscle
d. Receiving tube 
e. Distal tubule
The correct answer is: Renal corpuscle
Question 85
Incorrect
A 26-year-old man presents with anemia against the background of chronic gastritis with intrinsic Castle factor deficiency. What type of anemia
is characteristic of such cases?
a. Chronic posthemorrhagic
b. Hypoplastic
c. Thalassemia
d. B₁₂ and folate deficiency
e. Iron-deficiency 
The correct answer is: B₁₂ and folate deficiency
Question 86
Correct
A patient with peptic ulcer disease of the stomach was prescribed a drug that blocks histamine H2 receptors. What drug is it?
a. Dithylin (Suxamethonium)
b. Atropine sulfate
c. Omeprazole
d. Bisacodyl
e. Famotidine 
The correct answer is: Famotidine
Question 87
Correct
Gastroscopy of a patient revealed insufficient amount of mucus in the coating of the mucous membrane. It can be caused by the dysfunction of
the following cells of gastric wall:
a. Parietal cells of gastric glands

b. Cells of prismatic glandular epithelium 
c. Cervical cells
d. Endocrinocytes
e. Main exocrinocytes
The correct answer is: Cells of prismatic glandular epithelium
Question 88
Correct
A bacteriological laboratory conducts the analysis of potable water quality. Microbial number of the water sample is approximately 100. What
microorganisms were accounted for in this case?
a. Enteropathogenic bacteria and viruses

b. Human and animal pathogenic bacteria
c. Colibacilli
d. Opportunistic pathogenic bacteria
e. All bacteria that have grown on a nutrient medium 
The correct answer is: All bacteria that have grown on a nutrient medium
Question 89
Correct
A newborn boy has been diagnosed with hydrocephalus. Doctors consider it to be caused by teratogenic factors. What germ layers are affected
by the teratogen?
a. Endoderm
b. Ectoderm 
c. All embryo germ layers
d. Mesoderm
e. Endoderm and mesoderm
The correct answer is: Ectoderm
Question 90
Correct
A 13-year-old girl is an in-patient at the hematology department of the regional children's hospital. She was diagnosed with iron-deficiency
anemia. What type of hypoxia does this patient have?
a. Respiratory
b. Mixed
c. Hemic 
d. Tissue
e. Circulatory
The correct answer is: Hemic
Question 91
Correct
A 13-year-old girl has been prescribed a certain drug for treatment of megaloblastic anemia. This drug stimulates a transfer from megaloblastic
haemopoiesis to normoblastic, participates in synthesis of purine and pyrimidine bases, activates proteine and methionine synthesis. What drug
does the patient take?
a. Cyanocobalamin 
b. Rosehip tea
c. Erythropoietin
d. Haemostimulinum
e. Ferric sulfate
The correct answer is: Cyanocobalamin
Question 92
Incorrect
During a visit to a dentist, the patient's oral mucosa is bright red. The patient has angular stomatitis and cheilosis. What vitamin deficiency is
observed in this case?
a. $В6$
b. $В1$ 
c. $В5$
d. $С$
e. $В2$
The correct answer is: $В2$
Question 93
Correct
A 45-year-old patient with essential hypertension, who has been taking an antihypertensive drug for 4 days, notes that his blood pressure is
normalized; however the patient complains of sleepiness and sluggishness. What drug is the patient taking?
a. Apressin (Hydralazine)
b. Enalapril
c. Clophelin (Clonidine) 
d. Captopril
e. Prazosin
The correct answer is: Clophelin (Clonidine)
Question 94
Incorrect
A 25-year-old man has lost all sensitivity due to damage of his peripheral nerves. Name this disorder:
a. Ataxia 
b. -
c. Hypoesthesia
d. Hyperesthesia
e. Anesthesia
The correct answer is: Anesthesia
Question 95
Correct
A pregnant woman developed severe toxemia with exhausting recurrent vomiting throughout a day. By the end of the day she developed
tetanic convulsions and dehydration. The described changes were caused by the following type of acid-base imbalance:
a. Gaseous alkalosis
b. Nongaseous metabolic acidosis
c. Nongaseous excretory acidosis
d. Gaseous acidosis
e. Nongaseous excretory alkalosis 
The correct answer is: Nongaseous excretory alkalosis
Question 96
Correct
A patient with gastric juice hypersecretion has been recommended to exclude from the diet rich broths and vegetable infused water. A doctor
recommended it, because these food products stimulate production of the following hormone:
a. Gastrin 
b. Cholecystokinin
c. Neurotensin
d. Secretin
e. Somatostatin
The correct answer is: Gastrin
Question 97
Incorrect
What type of hemophilia inheritance results in men being affected by hemophilia and in women being carriers of this disease?
a. Autosomal recessive
b. X-linked dominant
c. Holandric
d. Autosomal dominant 
e. X-linked recessive
The correct answer is: X-linked recessive
Question 98
Correct
A person in a hot weather for a long time had no water, which resulted in a severe thirst. What indicator of blood homeostasis was affected,
leading to the development of this sensation?
a. Hematocrit
b. pH
c. Plasma osmotic pressure 
d. Plasma oncotic pressure
e. Glucose level
The correct answer is: Plasma osmotic pressure
Question 99
Correct
A histological specimen shows cells that form isogenous groups. There are glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and collagen fibers in the intercellular
substance. What tissue is it?
a. Mucous tissue
b. White adipose tissue
c. Cartilaginous tissue 
d. Bone tissue
e. Brown adipose tissue
The correct answer is: Cartilaginous tissue
Question 100
Incorrect
A 20-year-old pregnant woman has a round reddish formation with ulceration on its surface on the vestibular surface of the gums in her incisor
region. Microscopy detects in this formation a similarity to a capillary hemangioma. What diagnosis is likely in this case?
a. Angiomatous epulis
b. Papilloma 
c. Giant cell epulis
d. Fibroma
e. Fibrous epulis
The correct answer is: Angiomatous epulis
Question 101
Correct
A patient is registered for regular check-ups. Laboratory analyses for viral hepatitis diagnostics are made. In the blood serum only antibodies to
HbsAg are detected. Such result is indicative of:
a. Viral hepatitis type A

b. Acute viral hepatitis type C
c. Chronic viral hepatitis type C
d. Acute viral hepatitis type B
e. Past case of viral hepatitis type B 
The correct answer is: Past case of viral hepatitis type B
Question 102
Correct
While waiting for tooth extraction, a patient developed a bronchial asthma attack. To stop the bronchospasm, the patient needs to be
prescribed a drug that belongs to the following pharmacological group:
a. Psychostimulants
b. Analgesics
c. Analeptics
d. Muscarinic agonists
e. β₂-adrenergic agonists 
The correct answer is: β₂-adrenergic agonists
Question 103
Correct
The patient's examination in a hospital specialised in diseases of nervous system has revealed absence of light-induced miosis. It is caused by
the damage of the following brain structures:
a. Reticular nuclei of medulla oblongata

b. Red nuclei of mesencephalon
c. Vegetative nuclei of the 3rd pair of cranial nerves 
d. Hypothalamus nuclei
e. Reticular nuclei of mesencephalon
The correct answer is: Vegetative nuclei of the 3rd pair of cranial nerves
Question 104
Incorrect
A patient with a long history of chronic periodontitis underwent removal of a maxillary cyst located at the root of the affected tooth.
Microscopy shows that the bone wall is made up of fibrous tissue infiltrated by lymphocytes and plasma cells. The inner surface of the cyst is
covered with stratified squamous epithelium with no signs of keratinization. What is the most likely diagnosis?
a. Gingival fibromatosis
b. Primordial cyst
c. Follicular cyst 
d. Radicular cyst
e. Eosinophilic granuloma
The correct answer is: Radicular cyst
Question 105
Correct
A 28-year-old female patient dies of progressive respiratory failure after she was diagnosed with comminuted fracture of the right hip. Prior to
her death she developed severe hypoxemia, neurologic abnormalities, and petechial rash. At autopsy, examination of pulmonary
microvasculature shows intraluminal orange sudanophilic droplets. Which of the following complications is the most likely cause of this
patient's death?
a. Fat embolism 
b. Tumor embolism
c. Thromboembolism
d. Amniotic fluid embolism
e. Air embolism
The correct answer is: Fat embolism
Question 106
Correct
A woman has scalded her hand with boiling water. The affected area of her skin became red, swollen and painful. This effect is caused by
accumulation of the following substance:
a. Lysine
b. Histamine 
c. Asparagine
d. Glutamine
e. Thiamine
The correct answer is: Histamine
Question 107
Correct
A microspecimen of heart shows rectangular cells from 50 to 120 micrometer in size with central position of nucleus and developed myofibrils.
The cells are connected by intercalated discs. These cells are responsible for the following function:
a. Function of impulse conduction

b. Endocrine
c. Regeneratory
d. Protective
e. Function of heart contractions 
The correct answer is: Function of heart contractions
Question 108
Correct
Blood sample was obtained for analysis. 30% of erythrocytes in the sample are abnormally shaped. Name this phenomenon:
a. Anisocytosis
b. Macrocytosis
c. Physiological poikilocytosis
d. Microcytosis
e. Pathological poikilocytosis 
The correct answer is: Pathological poikilocytosis
Question 109
Incorrect
A 25-year-old man presents with tumourous growth situated in the area of the body of the maxilla, which results in face deformation. Biopsy
material consists of fibrous tissue containing juvenile bone trabeculae, spindle and stellate cells. There is no clear margin between the normal
bone tissue and lesion focus, capsule is absent. No pathologic changes can be detected in the other organs. Make the diagnosis:
a. Ossifying fibroma
b. Simple fibrous dysplasia
c. Osteosarcoma
d. Osteoclastoma 
e. Odontogenic fibroma
The correct answer is: Simple fibrous dysplasia
Question 110
Correct
A patient suffers from diabetes mellitus with fasting hyperglycemia over 7.2 mmol/L. What blood plasma protein would allow to assess the
patient's glycemia level retrospectively (4-8 weeks prior to examination)?
a. Albumin
b. Ceruloplasmin
c. C-reactive protein
d. Fibrinogen
e. Glycated hemoglobin 
The correct answer is: Glycated hemoglobin
Question 111
Correct
An 84-year-old patient suffers from parkinsonism. One of the pathogenetic development elements of this disease is deficiency of a certain
mediator in some of the brain structures. Name this mediator:
a. Acetylcholine
b. Adrenaline
c. Dopamine 
d. Noradrenaline
e. Histamine
The correct answer is: Dopamine
Question 112
Correct
During surgery on the stomach, the surgeon has cut the left gastric artery and ligated it. However the opposite end of the cut artery continued
to bleed. What artery anastomoses with the left gastric artery?
a. Right gastric artery 

b. Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
c. Splenic artery
d. Right gastroepiploic artery
e. Left gastroepiploic artery
The correct answer is: Right gastric artery
Question 113
Correct
A patient was brought to the hospital with a lacerated wound of the maxillofacial area. Profuse bleeding from the wound could not be stopped
for a long time. What disturbance of total blood volume will be observed within the first hour after the blood loss occurred?
a. Polycythemic hypovolemia
b. No disturbances in blood volume
c. Oligocythemic hypovolemia
d. Normocythemic hypovolemia 
e. Hypervolemia
The correct answer is: Normocythemic hypovolemia
Question 114
Correct
Roentgenologically confirmed obstruction of common bile duct resulted in preventing bile from inflowing to the duodenum. What process is
likely to be disturbed?
a. Salivation inhibition
b. Protein absorption
c. Fat emulgation 
d. Hydrochloric acid secretion in stomach
e. Carbohydrate hydrolysis
The correct answer is: Fat emulgation
Question 115
Incorrect
A 50-year-old man, who has been suffering from chronic hepatic failure for years, developed ascites. What is the main mechanism of
development of this new disorder in the patient?
a. Decreased hepatic synthesis of albumins and globulins 

b. Increased pressure in the portal venous system
c. Appearance of neurotoxic substances in blood
d. Increased oncotic blood pressure
e. Increased blood levels of low density and very low density lipoproteins
The correct answer is: Increased pressure in the portal venous system
Question 116
Correct
Examination of a patient who came to the neurological department shows smoothed-out forehead wrinkles, inability to squint the eyes,
drooping mouth corner. One cheek "inflates" along with breathing. What nerve is damaged in this case?
a. Facial 
b. Accessory
c. Oculomotor
d. Vagus
e. Trigeminal
The correct answer is: Facial
Question 117
Correct
A patient presents with dysfunction of the cerebral cortex accompanied by epileptic seizures. He has been administered a biogenic amine
synthetized from glutamate and responsible for central inhibition. What substance is it?
a. Acetylcholine
b. Dopamine
c. γ-aminobutyric acid 
d. Histamine
e. Serotonin
The correct answer is: γ-aminobutyric acid
Question 118
Correct
There are various diseases that cause sharp increase of active oxygen, thus leading to cell membranes destruction. Antioxidants are used to
prevent it from happening. The most potent natural antioxidant is:
a. Glycerol
b. Fatty acids
c. Vitamin D
d. Glucose
e. α-tocopherol 
The correct answer is: α-tocopherol
Question 119
Correct
What disease causes bilateral diffuse or focal non-suppurative inflammation of the renal glomerular apparatus with characteristic renal and
extrarenal signs?
a. Pyelonephritis
b. Nephrolithiasis
c. Polycystic kidney disease
d. Nephrosclerosis
e. Glomerulonephritis 
The correct answer is: Glomerulonephritis
Question 120
Incorrect
A patient developed a tender red nodule in the lower jaw area. Histologically there is accumulation of purulent exudate in several hair follicles.
What clinicopathological type of inflammation is observed?
a. Furuncle
b. Abscess
c. Phlegmon 
d. Hypostatic abscess
e. Carbuncle
The correct answer is: Carbuncle
Question 121
Incorrect
Examination of a child detected a patent foramen ovale. Where is this foramen located?
a. In the region of the mitral valve 

b. Between the left and right ventricles
c. Between the right atrium and right ventricle
d. Between the left atrium and left ventricle
e. Between the left and right atria
The correct answer is: Between the left and right atria
Question 122
Correct
To treat chronic heart failure a patient takes digoxin. What diuretic can increase digoxin toxicity due to increased excretion of K⁺ ions?
a. Panangin
b. Hydrochlorothiazide 
c. Lisinopril
d. Silibor
e. Spironolactone
The correct answer is: Hydrochlorothiazide
Question 123
Correct
Mother with a 12-year-old child came to the gastroenterologist. She complains of loss of appetite and meteorism in her child. Endoscopically
the child was diagnosed with biliary dyskinesia, in the duodenal contents there were pear-shaped protozoa with two nuclei and multiple
flagella. What disease is the most likely in this child?
a. Balantidiasis
b. Amebiasis
c. Lambliasis 
d. Toxoplasmosis
e. Trichomoniasis
The correct answer is: Lambliasis
Question 124
Correct
Along with normal hemoglobin types there can be pathological ones in the body of an adult. Specify one of them:
a. HbA1
b. HbF
c. HbO2
d. HbA2
e. HbS 
The correct answer is: HbS
Question 125
Correct
Lower limbs of a patient with varicose veins were examined. The patient's legs are cyanotic and pastose, skin temperature is low, single
petechiae are observed. What disturbance of hemodynamics is it?
a. Obstruction ischemia
b. Thromboembolism
c. Compression ischemia
d. Venous hyperemia 
e. Arterial hyperemia
The correct answer is: Venous hyperemia
Question 126
Correct
A patient diagnosed with gout has a significant increase in the levels of uric acid in the blood. Uric acid is the end product of the metabolism of:
a. Triglycerides
b. Fatty acids
c. Globulins
d. Albumins
e. Purine bases 
The correct answer is: Purine bases
Question 127
Correct
In an experiment, a myotome was destroyed in a rabbit fetus. This manipulation will result in malformation of the following structure:
a. Dermal connective tissue

b. Skeletal muscles 
c. Axial skeleton
d. Smooth muscles
e. Serous membranes
The correct answer is: Skeletal muscles
Question 128
Correct
A girl is diagnosed with primary microcephaly that is a monogenic autosomal recessive disease. Her natural brother develops normally. What
genotypes do the parents of these children have?
a. ААВВ х ААВВ
b. аа х аа
c. Аа х Аа 
d. АА х АА
e. АА х аа
The correct answer is: Аа х Аа
Question 129
Incorrect
Histological examination of the mandibular bone shows a tumor consisting of fibrous tissue that surrounds basophilic cement-like foci of
varying size. Make the diagnosis, what kind of tumor it is:
a. Cementoblastoma
b. Cemento-ossifying fibroma
c. Odontogenic fibroma 
d. Cementoma
e. Giant cementoma
The correct answer is: Cemento-ossifying fibroma
Question 130
Incorrect
The height of a person is controlled by several non-allelic dominant genes. If the number of this genes is increased, the height of a person
increases as well. What type of interaction occurs between these genes?
a. Pleiotropy
b. Epistasis
c. Polymery
d. Complementarity 
e. Codominance
The correct answer is: Polymery
Question 131
Correct
A patient with skin burns was delivered to a hospital. To clean the wound from necrotic tissues and mucus the doctor prescribed an enzymatic
drug for topical treatment. Name this drug:
a. Pancreatin
b. Pepsin
c. Tripsin 
d. Streptokinase
e. Asparaginase
The correct answer is: Tripsin
Question 132
Correct
In an experiment the vagus is being stimulated, which results in increased acetylcholine entry to the synaptic cleft, and that in turn results in the
decresed heart rate due to the following mechanism:
a. Decrease of action potential duration

b. Hyperpolarization of cardiomyocyte membrane 
c. Depolarization of cardiomyocyte membrane
d. Increase in AV nodal conduction velocity
e. Increase of action potential duration
The correct answer is: Hyperpolarization of cardiomyocyte membrane
Question 133
Correct
A student uses percussion to determine the cardiac border that projects on the anterior thoracic wall at the level of the third costal cartilage.
What cardiac border is being determined?
a. Lower
b. Right
c. Apex
d. Upper 
e. Left
The correct answer is: Upper
Question 134
Correct
A patient complains of frequent bowel movements and stool with blood admixtures ("raspberry jelly" stool). Microscopic examination revealed
large mononuclear cells with absorbed red blood cells. What protozoon is this morphological structure typical of?
a. Balantidium coli
b. Entamoeba histolytica 
c. Campylobacter jejuni
d. Toxoplasma gondii
e. Giardia lamblia
The correct answer is: Entamoeba histolytica
Question 135
Correct
A 38-year-old man suddenly died. Autopsy revealed myocardial infarction in the posterior wall of the left ventricle. What are the most likely
changes in myocardiocyte structure that can be revealed microscopically in the infarction focus?
a. Karyolysis 
b. Adipose degeneration
c. Calcification
d. Protein degeneration
e. Carbohydrate degeneration
The correct answer is: Karyolysis
Question 136
Correct
To treat ischemic heart disease, a patient was prescribed a beta-adrenergic blocking agent. After a time he developed a cough and
bronchospasm. What drug can cause these side effects?
a. Talinolol
b. Metoprolol
c. Atenolol
d. Anaprilin (Propranolol) 
e. Phenihidine (Nifedipine)
The correct answer is: Anaprilin (Propranolol)
Question 137
Incorrect
A 50-year-old man, who has been suffering for a long time from viral hepatitis, developed mental impairments, impairments of consciousness,
and motor disturbances (tremor, ataxia, etc.). What is the mechanism of such condition?
a. Decreased synthesis of albumins and globulins in the liver 

b. Insufficient phagocytic function of stellate macrophages
c. Decreased detoxification function of the liver
d. Alterations in the lipid composition of blood
e. Disturbed lipid exchange in the liver
The correct answer is: Decreased detoxification function of the liver
Question 138
Incorrect
Oral cavity examination reveals gingival retraction with exposed roots and cervices of the lower incisors. X-ray shows foci of osteoporosis in the
alveolar bone; smooth resorption of bone tissue is prevalent. Microscopy of gingival tissues shows sclerosis and hyalinosis of the
microvasculature with luminal obliteration. The capillary network is reduced. Connective tissue has dystrophic changes. What pathological
process was detected in the patient?
a. Parodontitis 
b. Parodontosis
c. Periostitis
d. Osteomyelitis
e. Periodontitis
The correct answer is: Parodontosis
Question 139
Correct
Examination of a patient detects an anomaly of enamel development. What structural components of the tooth bud were damaged, causing
this condition?
a. Cervical loop
b. Stellate reticulum
c. Stratum intermedium
d. Inner enamel epithelium 
e. Outer enamel epithelium
The correct answer is: Inner enamel epithelium
Question 140
Correct
A patient has been hospitalised with provisional diagnosis of diphyllobothriasis. What food products can be the cause of this condition?
a. Beef
b. Pork
c. Fish 
d. Fruit and vegetables
e. Milk and eggs
The correct answer is: Fish
Question 141
Incorrect
In a microslide of the patient's regional lymph node stained with Giemsa method a doctor detected thin microorganisms with 12-14 uniform
tendrils with pointed tips, 10-13 micrometers in length, pale pink in color. In this case they can be identified as infectious agents of the
following disease:
a. Trypanosomiasis 
b. Leptospirosis
c. Relapsing fever
d. Syphilis
e. Leishmaniasis
The correct answer is: Syphilis
Question 142
Correct
A victim of a traffic accident has lost thoracic respiration but retaines diaphragmal. The spinal cord is most likely to be damaged at:
a. I-II lumbar segments

b. I-II sacral segments
c. I-II cervical segments
d. VI-VII cervical segments 
e. XI-XII cervical segments
The correct answer is: VI-VII cervical segments
Question 143
Correct
A patient suffers from angina pectoris. What antianginal drug is this patient contraindicated if he is allergic to iodine?
a. Nitrosorbide (Isosorbide dinitrate)

b. Amiodarone 
c. Verapamil
d. Nitroglycerine
e. Drotaverine
The correct answer is: Amiodarone
Question 144
Correct
There are several ways of ammonia neutralization in the body, with some organs having their own specific ways. What way of ammonia
neutralization is characteristic of brain cells?
a. $NH_4^+$ formation
b. Asparagine formation
c. Glutamine formation 
d. Creatine formation
e. Urea formation
The correct answer is: Glutamine formation
Question 145
Incorrect
The patient was prescribed Vicasol (Menadione) several days before the elective surgery for peptic ulcer disease of the stomach. What is the
mechanism of action of this drug?
a. Decreases vascular permeability

b. Increases blood coagulability via intensified prothrombin synthesis
c. Suppresses fibrinolysis
d. Binds free calcium ions, removing calcium from coagulation reaction 
e. Suppresses platelet aggregation
The correct answer is: Increases blood coagulability via intensified prothrombin synthesis
Question 146
Correct
Ulcer disease of the duodenum has been detected in a 38-year-old man. A treatment was prescribed after which the patient considered himself
to be healthy. However, half a year later the patient developed pain in the epigastrium, heartburn, and insomnia. The patient's condition can be
estimated as a:
a. Relapse 
b. Pathological state
c. Development of chronic disease
d. Latent period
e. Remission
The correct answer is: Relapse
Question 147
Correct
A surgeon must amputate the damaged part of the patient's foot along the line of Lisfranc joint. What ligament must be cut in this case?
a. Talonavicular ligament
b. Medial interosseous tarsometatarsal ligament 
c. Bifurcated ligament
d. Calcaneonavicular ligament
e. Talocalcaneal ligament
The correct answer is: Medial interosseous tarsometatarsal ligament
Question 148
Incorrect
A histological specimen shows terminal secretory parts of glands made of conic cells with basophilic cytoplasm and a roundish nucleus in the
centre. Specify the type of terminal secretory parts by the type of secretion:
a. Combined
b. Serous
c. Mucous 
d. Sebaceous
e. Seromucous
The correct answer is: Serous
Question 149
Incorrect
For a rapid relief of hypertensive crisis, a 65-year-old man was prescribed a drug that suppresses the reabsorption of sodium chloride in the
thick segment of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle and has marked diuretic effect. Name this drug:
a. Hydrochlorothiazide 
b. Triamterene
c. Spironolactone
d. Mannitol
e. Furosemide
The correct answer is: Furosemide
Question 150
Incorrect
An autopsy of a 42-year-old man, who suffered from chronic diffuse bronchitis and died of cardiopulmonary failure, shows large hyperinflated
lungs that cover mediastinum with their edges. The lungs do not deflate, are colored pale gray, crunch on section; lung surface does not
straighten out when pressed with a finger, resulting in a permanent depression. Mucopurulent exudate is produced from the bronchial lumen.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
a. Vicarious compensatory emphysema

b. Interstitial emphysema
c. Chronic diffuse obstructive emphysema
d. Chronic focal emphysema 
e. Primary idiopathic emphysema
The correct answer is: Chronic diffuse obstructive emphysema

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27.06.

2023, 22:33 Krok 1 Stomatology (EN) 2023: Attempt review

Started on Tuesday, 27 June 2023, 9:20 PM

Mark 0.00 out of 1.00

The correct answer is: Exotoxin action

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The correct answer is: Carbuncle

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a. Inferior alveolar artery

The correct answer is: Inferior alveolar artery

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The correct answer is: Atropine sulfate

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a. Determine antitoxin titer by means of indirect hemagglutination assay

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The correct answer is: Corynebacterium diphtheriae

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The correct answer is: M. brachialis, m. biceps brachii

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The correct answer is: Recombination

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a. Heat conduction and radiation

The correct answer is: Heat conduction

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The correct answer is: Glycated hemoglobin

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

The correct answer is: Modificational

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a. Twelve months of age

The correct answer is: Six to seven years of age

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a. Capsule of renal corpuscle

The correct answer is: Proximal tubules

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The correct answer is: N. auriculotemporalis

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a. Nonpropulsive segmental activity 

The correct answer is: Peristalsis

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

a. Semilunar aortic valve 

The correct answer is: Semilunar aortic valve

Mark 1.00 out of 1.00

The correct answer is: Hydronephrosis

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a. Rr. alveolares superiores anteriores

The correct answer is: Rr. alveolares superiores posteriores

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The correct answer is: Periodontium

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The correct answer is: Ziehl-Neelsen

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The correct answer is: A

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The correct answer is: Calcium chloride

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The correct answer is: Facial nerve

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The correct answer is: Extrapulmonary restrictive