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M2 - Unit-IV Vector Differentiation

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48 views

M2 - Unit-IV Vector Differentiation

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Asim Sidd
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Unit-IV : Vector Differentiation

1. a) Find the directional derivative of 𝑥𝑦𝑧 2 + 𝑥𝑧 𝑎𝑡 (1,1,1) in the direction of normal to the
surface 3𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑦 = 𝑧 𝑎𝑡 (0,1, −1)
b) Find the angle between the surfaces 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 = 9 & 𝑧 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 3 at the point
(2, −1,2)

Sol.
a) a) Find the directional derivative of 𝑥𝑦𝑧 2 + 𝑥𝑧 𝑎𝑡 (1,1,1) in the direction of normal to
the surface 3𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑦 = 𝑧 𝑎𝑡 (0,1, −1)
Unit-IV : Vector Differentiation

b) Find the angle between the surfaces 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 = 9 & 𝑧 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 3 at the point


(2, −1,2)
Unit-IV : Vector Differentiation

2. Find the values of a and b so that the surfaces 𝑎𝑥 2 − 𝑏𝑦𝑧 = (𝑎 + 2)𝑥 & 4𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑧 3 = 4 may
intersect orthogonally at (1,-1,2)

Sol.
Unit-IV : Vector Differentiation

3. a) Evaluate the angle between the normal to the surface 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑧 2 𝑎𝑡 (4,1,2) & (3,3, −3)
b) Find the directional derivative of the function ∅ = 𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑦𝑧 3 at (2,-1,1) in the direction of
normal to the surface 𝑥𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑧 − 𝑦 2 + 4 = 0 at (-1,2,1)

Sol.
a) Evaluate the angle between the normal to the surface 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑧 2 𝑎𝑡 (4,1,2) & (3,3, −3)

b) Find the directional derivative of the function ∅ = 𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑦𝑧 3 at (2,-1,1) in the direction of


normal to the surface 𝑥𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑧 − 𝑦 2 + 4 = 0 at (-1,2,1)
Unit-IV : Vector Differentiation

4. a) If 𝑎 = 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧, 𝑏 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐 = 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦𝑧 + 𝑧𝑥 then prove that [ grad a, grad b,


grad c] = 0
b) Prove that 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙(𝑟 𝑛 . 𝑟̅ ) = 0

Sol.
a) If 𝑎 = 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧, 𝑏 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐 = 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦𝑧 + 𝑧𝑥 then prove that [ grad a, grad
b, grad c] = 0
Unit-IV : Vector Differentiation

b) Prove that 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙(𝑟 𝑛 . 𝑟̅ ) = 0

5. a) Find the divergence of 𝑓 ̅ where 𝑓 ̅ = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑 ( 𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3 + 𝑧 3 − 3𝑥𝑦𝑧)


b) Show that (𝑥 + 3𝑦)𝑖̅ + (𝑦 − 2𝑧)𝑗̅ + (𝑥 − 2𝑧)𝑘̅ is solenoidal vector

Sol. a) Find the divergence of 𝑓 ̅ where 𝑓 ̅ = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑 ( 𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3 + 𝑧 3 − 3𝑥𝑦𝑧)


Unit-IV : Vector Differentiation

b) Show that (𝑥 + 3𝑦)𝑖̅ + (𝑦 − 2𝑧)𝑗̅ + (𝑥 − 2𝑧)𝑘̅ is solenoidal vector

6. Find the divergence of 𝑓 ̅ where 𝑓 ̅ = 𝑟 𝑛 . 𝑟̅ and also find the value of n if it is solenoidal vector

Sol.
Unit-IV : Vector Differentiation

7. Show that the vector (𝑥 2 − 𝑦𝑧)𝑖̅ + (𝑦 2 − 𝑧𝑥)𝑗̅ + (𝑧 2 − 𝑥𝑦)𝑘̅ is irrotational and find its scalar
potential
Sol.
Unit-IV : Vector Differentiation

8. Find the constants a, b, c so that the vector 𝐴̅ = (𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 𝑎𝑧)𝑖̅ + (𝑏𝑥 − 3𝑦 − 𝑧)𝑗̅ + (4𝑥 +
𝑐𝑦 + 2𝑧)𝑘̅ is irrotational and also find ∅ 𝑠𝑢𝑐ℎ 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝐴̅ = ∇∅
Sol.
Unit-IV : Vector Differentiation
Unit-IV : Vector Differentiation
𝑓⃓ (𝑟)
9. a) Show that ∇𝑓 (𝑟) = . 𝑟̅ 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑟̅ = 𝑥𝑖̅ + 𝑦𝑗̅ + 𝑧𝑘̅
𝑟
1
b) Show that∇2 (𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑟) = 𝑟 2

𝑓⃓ (𝑟)
Sol. a) Show that ∇𝑓(𝑟) = . 𝑟̅ 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑟̅ = 𝑥𝑖̅ + 𝑦𝑗̅ + 𝑧𝑘̅
𝑟

10. If 𝑎̅ is differentiable function and ∅ is a scalar function then prove that 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙(∅𝑎̅) = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑∅ ×
𝑎̅ + ∅𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙𝑎̅

Sol.
Unit-IV : Vector Differentiation

1
b) Show that∇2 (𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑟) = 𝑟 2
Unit-IV : Vector Differentiation

10. If 𝑎̅ is differentiable function and ∅ is a scalar function then prove that 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙(∅𝑎̅) = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑∅ ×
𝑎̅ + ∅𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙𝑎̅

Sol.

𝐴̅×𝑟̅ (2−𝑛)𝐴̅ 𝑛(𝑟̅ .𝐴̅)


11. If 𝐴̅ is a constant vector & 𝑟̅ = 𝑥𝑖̅ + 𝑦𝑗̅ + 𝑧𝑘̅ then prove that ∇ × ( 𝑟 𝑛 ) = +
𝑟𝑛 𝑟 𝑛+2

Sol.
Unit-IV : Vector Differentiation
Unit-IV : Vector Differentiation

12. Prove that 𝑑𝑖𝑣(𝑎̅ × 𝑏̅) = 𝑏̅ 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 𝑎̅ − 𝑎̅𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 𝑏̅


Sol.

13. If f and g are two scalar point functions then prove that 𝑑𝑖𝑣 (𝑓∇𝑔) = 𝑓∇2 𝑔 = ∇𝑓. ∇𝑔
Unit-IV : Vector Differentiation

14. a) Prove that 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙(𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑∅) = 0


b) Prove that (∇𝑓 × ∇𝑔) is solenoidal

Sol. a) Prove that 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙(𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑∅) = 0

b) Prove that (∇𝑓 × ∇𝑔) is solenoidal


Unit-IV : Vector Differentiation

15. For a solenoidal vector prove that 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 𝑓 ̅ = ∇4 𝑓 ̅

Sol.

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