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Subnetting Made Easy

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48 views

Subnetting Made Easy

Uploaded by

frenchmangigo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Subnetting

What is Subnetting?
• A subnet is a logical subdivision of an IP network.
• The process of dividing a network into two or more networks is called
subnetting.
• It helps to efficiently manage IP addresses and improve network
performance.
Why Subnet?
• Efficient utilization of IP addresses: Subnetting allows for better
allocation of IP addresses by creating smaller, more manageable
networks.
• Improved network performance: Smaller subnets reduce network
congestion and provide better control over network traffic.
Basic knowledge:
• Subnet mask
• Network ID
• Host ID
• Broadcast ID
Subnetting example:
One day your manager walks to you, saying: Here is the network ID
192.168.4.0/24. Please create three separate networks or subnets for a
coffee for a coffee shop:
- Front desk
- Storage room
- Public use
Task: list the following:
• Network ID
• Subnet mask
• Host ID range
• # of usable host IDs and Broadcast ID
Subnet table
Subnet 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

Host 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

CIDR /24 /25 /26 /27 /28 /29 /30 /31 /32
Subnet 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

Host 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

CIDR /24 /25 /26 /27 /28 /29 /30 /31 /32

Given:
1. network ID: 192.168.4.0/24
2. required to get 3 subnets
Network ID Subnet Mask Host ID Range # of Usable Host Broadcast ID

192.168.4.0
192.168.4.64
192.168.4.128
192.168.4.192
Network ID Subnet Mask / Host ID Range # of Usable Host Broadcast ID
CIDR
192.168.4.0 /26
192.168.4.64 /26
192.168.4.128 /26
192.168.4.192 /26
Network ID Subnet Mask / Host ID Range # of Usable Host Broadcast ID
CIDR
192.168.4.0 /26 62
192.168.4.64 /26 62
192.168.4.128 /26 62
192.168.4.192 /26 62
Network ID Subnet Mask / Host ID Range # of Usable Host Broadcast ID
CIDR
192.168.4.0 /26 62 192.168.4.63
192.168.4.64 /26 62 192.168.4.127
192.168.4.128 /26 62 192.168.4.191
192.168.4.192 /26 62 192.168.4.255
Network ID Subne Host ID Range # of Usable Broadcast ID
t Mask Host
/CIDR
192.168.4.0 /26 192.168.4.1 – 192.168.4.62 62 192.168.4.63
192.168.4.64 /26 192.168.4.65 – 192.168.4.126 62 192.168.4.127
192.168.4.128 /26 192.168.4.129 – 192.168.4.190 62 192.168.4.191
192.168.4.192 /26 192.168.4.193 – 192.168.4.254 62 192.168.4.255
Important things to remember about Subnetting
• You can only subnet the host portion, you do not have control of the
network portion.
• Subnetting does not give you more hosts, it only allows you to divide
your larger network into smaller networks.
• When subnetting, you will actually lose hosts:
• For each subnet you lose the address of that subnet
• For each subnet you lose the broadcast address of that subnet
• You “may “ lose the first and last subnets

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