Social Psychology Communication
Social Psychology Communication
Social Psychology Communication
PSYCHOLOGY:
UNDERSTANDING HUMAN
BEHAVIOR IN SOCIAL
CONTEXTS
Group 3
shapes our
Physical appearance plays a significant role in perceptions
shaping our perceptions of others. Research shows
that we often focus on salient physical features such
as sex, race, age, and attractiveness when forming
Making initial judgment
initial judgments. These judgments can influence our
behavior and interactions with others.
stereo types based on physical appearance can lead PHYSICAL
to unfair treatment and discrimination APPEARANCES stereotypes
Influence on behaviour
Prejudice
Stereotypes are preconceived beliefs or judgments about individuals or groups
based on characteristics such as race, gender, or appearance. These stereotypes
often lead to prejudice, which is the negative evaluation or attitude towards
members of a particular group. Discrimination occurs when these negative
attitudes result in unfair treatment or actions towards individuals or groups.
Discrimination
Research has shown that stereotypes and prejudice can have harmful effects on
individuals, leading to feelings of exclusion, discrimination, and unequal opportunities.
Understanding causal attribution helps us recognize that behavior is influenced by multiple factors, including individual
characteristics and situational factors. It encourages us to consider alternative explanations for behavior, reducing the
likelihood of making unfair judgments or assumptions about others. Additionally, it promotes self-awareness by
prompting us to reflect on our own behavior and the factors that influence it.
ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOR: PREDICTIVE POWER AND RECIPROCAL INFLUENCE
ATTITUDE BEHAVIOUR
A B
Attitudes refer to our evaluations or beliefs about Behavior, on the other hand, refers to the actions or
people, objects, or ideas. Research has shown that reactions of individuals in response to internal or
attitudes often predict behavior, influencing external stimuli.It encompasses observable actions.
actions such as purchasing decisions, voting behaviors can also shape attitudes through
behavior, and relationship choices. However, the processes such as self-perception. When we observe
relationship between attitudes and behavior is our own behavior, we may infer our attitudes based
complex and can be influenced by various factors. on our actions, leading to changes in our beliefs or
evaluations.
Throughout our presentation on social psychology, we embarked on a journey to understand the complexities of human behavior
within social contexts. We began by exploring the influence of physical appearance and stereotypes, uncovering how these factors
shape our perceptions and judgments of others. Delving deeper, we examined the process of causal attribution, recognizing the
interplay between individual characteristics and situational factors in explaining behavior.
Moving forward, we explored the predictive power of attitudes and behaviors, recognizing how our beliefs and values influence our
actions and decisions. Additionally, we explored the dynamics of social interaction, considering the role of social norms, group
dynamics, and cultural influences in shaping our social identities and behaviors.
Ultimately, our exploration of social psychology underscored the importance of empathy, understanding, and critical thinking in
navigating the complexities of human interaction. By embracing the principles of social psychology, we can challenge stereotypes,
foster inclusivity, and cultivate meaningful connections with those around us, contributing to a more compassionate and socially
aware society.
Key important notions mentioned in the chapter 14
1. **Social Psychology**: The scientific study of how individuals think, feel, and behave in social contexts.
2. **Physical Attractiveness**: The perception of an individual's physical traits as aesthetically pleasing or beautiful, which influences social
interactions and judgments.
3. **Stereotyping**: Attributing specific characteristics to individuals based on their membership in a particular group.
4. **Prejudice**: A preconceived opinion or feeling, often negative, directed toward people based on their group membership.
5. **Discrimination**: Negative behavior or actions directed against individuals based on their group membership.
6. **Causal Attribution**: The process of determining the causes of people's behavior to understand their underlying personality traits or
situational factors.
7. **Person Attribution**: Assigning the cause of a behavior to an individual's internal characteristics or personality.
8. **Situation Attribution**: Assigning the cause of a behavior to external factors or the environment.
9. **Fundamental Attribution Error**: The tendency to overestimate the influence of personal traits and underestimate the influence of
situational factors in explaining other people's behavior.
10. **Self-Serving Attributions**: Attributions that help maintain positive self-esteem by attributing successes to internal factors and failures
to external factors.
11. **Attitudes**: Relatively enduring evaluations of people, objects, or ideas that influence behavior.
12. **Self-Monitoring**: The tendency to adjust one's behavior to meet the demands of social situations.
13. **Self-Perception**: The process of inferring one's own attitudes and emotions based on observations of one's
behavior.
14. **Foot-in-the-Door Technique**: A persuasive strategy where a small request is made first, followed by a larger
request.
15. **Implicit Bias**: Unconscious attitudes or stereotypes that influence our understanding, actions, and decisions.
16. **Group Dynamics**: The patterns of interaction between group members that influence the behavior and
attitudes of individuals within the group.
17. **Social Norms**: The accepted behaviors that individuals are expected to conform to within a particular group
or society.
18. **Cultural Influences**: The shared values, beliefs, and practices of a group that influence individuals' behaviors
and attitudes.
19. **Empathy**: The ability to understand and share the feelings of another person.