G

Series
Student

Length, Perimeter
and Area
My name
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Series G – Length, Perimeter and Area
Contents
Topic 1 – Units of length (pp. 1–9) Date completed

• choose units of measurement_____________________________ / /

• convert measurements__________________________________ / /

• metric and imperial_____________________________________ / /

• estimate and measure___________________________________ / /

• size me up! – investigate_________________________________ / /

• how long? – apply______________________________________ / /

Topic 2 – Perimeter (pp. 10–15)

• measure perimeters____________________________________ / /

• perimeters of composite shapes___________________________ / /

• perimeter puzzles – solve________________________________ / /

Topic 3 – Area (pp. 16–24)

• square units___________________________________________ / /

• find area using formulae_________________________________ / /

• find area of parallelograms _______________________________ / /

• area and perimeter_____________________________________ / /

• area and perimeter puzzles – solve_________________________ / /

• animal rescue – investigate_______________________________ / /

Topic 4 – Scale and distance (pp. 25–37)

• scale drawings_________________________________________ / /

• maps________________________________________________ / /

• speed________________________________________________ / /

• speed, time and distance_________________________________ / /

• flag it! – apply_________________________________________ / /

• the city of school – create________________________________ / /

Series Authors:
• all roads lead to Rome – apply____________________________ / /
Rachel Flenley
Nicola Herringer • where will it take you? – investigate________________________ / /
Please note:
These pages have been designed to print to ‘shrink to printable area’ as this is a common
Copyright © default setting on many computers. There may be minor discrepancies with measurements
as individual printers and photocopiers print to slightly different proportions.
Units of length – choose units of measurement
1 Think of all the units you know for measuring length. Can you show how they are connected?

1,000 m = 1 km
metre kilometre

When measuring length, it is important to choose a suitable unit of measurement.

Using millimetres as the unit to measure the distance between London and Moscow is not the
most efficient choice. Think of all those zeros.

2 Choose the conventional unit of length (cm, m, km, mm) to measure the following:

b The distance between England

a The length of your nose
and France

c The length of a
d The length of a ladybird
swimming pool

e The height of a basketballer f The width of an apple pip

g The length of the Trans-Siberian h The height of a Year 6 pupil

Railway

3 Would more than one choice of unit be appropriate for any of the items above? Which ones and which
unit would you use?

_______________________________________________________________________________________

4 Name 3 things you would measure in mm, cm, km:

mm cm km

Length, Perimeter and Area

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SERIES TOPIC
Units of length – choose units of measurement
5 Choose a distance in the school such as the length of your classroom, corridor or playground. Measure
it in m, mm and cm. Record your measurements below. Which was easiest to use? Which would you
recommend that someone else use if they were to do the same thing?

mm

cm

6 Play ‘Unit Bingo’ with some friends. You’ll each need a copy of the grid below. One of you will be the
caller and the others will play. The players will need 16 counters each.

1 
Fill in the rest of your bingo card with a mixture of items where length can be measured in different
measurements. You’ll want a mixture of cm, mm, m and km options.
2 
The caller nominates a measurement – km, m, cm or mm. If you think you have an item that would
most commonly be measured in that unit, call it out.
3 
The group can discuss your choice and if they disagree, the caller makes the final decision as to whether
you can cover the item with a counter. Obviously there may be more than 1 choice for an object. For
example, you may accept both cm and mm as an answer for the chip.
4 
The first person to cover all their squares calls “Bingo” and wins.

hand span

a chip

London
to Paris

length of
your tongue

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SERIES TOPIC
Units of length – convert measurements

Measurements can be expressed using different units.

When we convert from a larger unit to a smaller unit, we multiply:
cm  mm 34 cm = (34 × 10) mm = 340 mm
When we convert from a smaller unit to a larger unit, we divide:
cm  m 34 cm = (34 ÷ 100) m = 0.34 m

1 Express the lengths shown on the ruler in 2 ways:

0 cm 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

a b c d

a mm cm b mm cm

c mm cm d mm cm

2 Convert these lengths to centimetres:

a 200 mm = cm b 405 mm = cm c 8,238 mm = cm

d 2m = cm e 19 m = cm f 450 m = cm

3 Convert these lengths to metres:

Remember these key facts!
10 mm = 1 cm
a 400 cm = m b 28 cm = m
100 cm = 1 m
1,000 m = 1 km
c 3,250 mm = m d 482 cm = m

e 123 cm = m f 7,777 mm = m

g 4,341 mm = m h 187 cm = m

i 198 mm = m

Length, Perimeter and Area

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SERIES TOPIC
Units of length – convert measurements

When we order lengths it's easiest to convert them into the same unit first. Here, we are converting
to cm:
14 cm 128 mm 1.1 m convert  14 cm 12.8 cm 110 cm
Now we can clearly see the order of these lengths.

4 Put these measurements in order from shortest to longest:

a 13 cm 120 mm 3m

b 5,700 mm 5m 540 cm

c 3.25 m 300 cm 325 mm

5 Use these Guinness World Record facts to fill in the missing values.
Source: Guinness World Book Records 2008

metres centimetres millimetres

Longest tongue 0.095 m cm 95 mm

Tallest living person 2.57 m 257 cm mm

Longest hair m 5,267 cm mm

Longest fingernails 7.513 m cm 7,513 mm

Smallest tooth m cm 3 mm

Longest leg hair 0.127 m cm mm

6 Choose one of the above measurements and work out the length of your equivalent body part.
Express your measurement in three different units.

7 Without revealing your findings for question 6, ask your friend to measure you. Is their answer the same
as yours? If not, why do you think the answers are different?

4 G 1 Length, Perimeter and Area

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SERIES TOPIC
Units of length – metric and imperial

Most measurements used today in the UK (and in almost every country in the world apart from the
USA) are metric, such as kilograms, metres and litres. They are based on the decimal number system,
meaning that multiples of units are 10s, 100s or 1,000s. You will still come across some of the old
‘Imperial’ units of measurement, though; in particular, miles, which continue to be used to measure
longer distances on road signs. Therefore, it’s useful to know how to convert between metric and
imperial units and back. Most of the equivalents below have been rounded to 1 decimal place.
Imperial to Metric Metric to Imperial
Length: 1 inch = 2.5 cm 1 centimetre = 0.4 inches
1 foot (12 inches) = 30.5 cm 1 metre = 3.3 feet
1 yard (3 feet) = 91 cm 1 kilometre = 0.6 miles
1 mile (1,760 yards) = 1.6 km

1 Convert these measurements from imperial to metric or metric to imperial:

a 2 metres = feet b 3 inches = centimetres

c 10 yards = metres d 5 centimetres = inches

1 f 3 feet = centimetres
e 1 miles = kilometres
2

g 20 millimetres = inches h 3,520 yards = kilometres

2 Draw a line between the equivalent distances in miles and kilometres:

30 miles 4 miles 6 miles 16 miles 20 miles 9 miles

6.4 km 32 km 48 km 9.6 km 25.6 km 14.4 km

3 Use the conversions given above to complete the word problems.

a I am 5 feet 5 inches tall. How tall is this in metres? ________________________ metres

b In a snail race an American snail covered 5 inches

in 10 minutes and a European snail travelled 14 cm
in the same time. Which snail won? _______________________________

Length, Perimeter and Area

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G 1 5

SERIES TOPIC
Units of length – estimate and measure

In everyday life, we often estimate measurements. Can you think of a time you would estimate
instead of measuring exactly? Or a time you would estimate first, then measure more precisely?

1 When we compare, we often use fractional language to help us. For example, “He was twice her size!” or
2
“My bedroom is the size of this.” Look at the top bar and then the bars below. What fraction of the top
3
bar do you estimate that the lower bars represent?

2 Draw each of these lines in mm:

a 64 mm

b 37 mm

c 27 mm

d 82 mm

3 Make a choice from the box (on the right) to fill the gaps in these statements:

a A desk is about ________________ metre high.

centimetres
b A basketballer is about ________________ metres high. metres
c A dinner fork is about 19 ________________ long. 1

d A football pitch is between 100 and 110 ________________ long. 8.6

2
e A crayon could be about ________________ cm long.

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SERIES TOPIC
Units of length – estimate and measure

Comparing lengths or heights with a known measurement is a useful strategy. The known
measurement is called a benchmark.

4 The average height of an adult woman is around 1.6 m and a man is around 1.8 m. Use these benchmarks
to estimate the height of the objects below:

a b c d

5 Measure yourself. Using that measurement as a benchmark, estimate the height of 5 objects around the
school. Now measure them. How close were your estimations?

Object Estimation Actual measurement

2
My height:
3

Length, Perimeter and Area

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SERIES TOPIC
 Size me up! investigate

Getting
ready The human body is a fascinating thing. In this activity
you will work with a partner to compare the length
of different parts of your body to find some common
relationships between the measurements. You will
record your measurements and findings.
You’ll need a tape measure or strips of paper or
lengths of string. A ruler may also help.
You’ll need a pen and paper for recording your data.

What Look at your foot. Consider the length, not how beautiful it is. Can you think of a part
to do
of your body that might be the same length? Make your prediction.

It is said that your foot is the same length as your forearm, from your wrist to your
elbow. Do you think this is true for you? Test it out.

It is also said that the circumference (or length) of your neck is equal to twice the
circumference of your wrist. Test that one out.

Now it’s your turn to find some more. With a partner, measure at least 10 different
body lengths and see if you can find connections between them.

You could measure the length of: your shin bone, your thigh bone, your navel to the
floor, the top of your head to your navel, around your waist, around your head, the
length of your head, or the distance between your eyes. The list goes on!

Can you find some measurements that are the same length?

Can you find some that are roughly double or half the size of each other?

What about some that are about one and a half times the length of each other?

Is measuring an exact science? What issues do you face?

What to If this activity has interested you, you are in for a treat. Use the internet to research
do next
the terms ‘divine proportions’ or ‘golden ratio’. What do you find?

8
G 1 Length, Perimeter and Area
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SERIES TOPIC
How long? apply

Getting
ready In this activity work in groups of 4 to practise and improve
on estimating lengths. Note the team average of 6 attempts
and see how close your team average estimate can get to the
actual measurement. This is about working together, not just
about individual estimates.

What 1 Choose one action where length can be measured easily. You are going to
to do
measure the same action 6 times. Examples include the length of a jump, the
distance of a ball throw or how far you can hop on one foot without faltering.

2 One person in the group performs the action. All group members make an
estimation of its length. Record the estimations. Work out the average of the
estimations. This is an important step – don’t just rush to measure the length!
Remember we work
out averages by adding
3 Now you can measure the length. As a whole group, how far out was your
up all the estimates
and dividing by the estimate? Record this on a table such as the one below:
number of estimates.
Measurement Group average Difference
A 35 cm
B 40 cm 1.25 m 1.13 m 0.12 m
C + 38 cm
113 cm

113 ÷ 3 = 37.66 cm

4 Try the action again and go through the same steps. Was your estimate closer?

5 Repeat the activity until you have done it 6 times.

What to Share your process and results with the class.

do next
Which groups improved with more practice? Did groups use strategies to assist them
to get closer? If no improvement was shown, why do you think this was?

Length, Perimeter and Area

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SERIES TOPIC
Perimeter – measure perimeters

Perimeter is the length around a shape.

The sides of this shape
The word originates from Greek and
make the perimeter.
literally means ‘around measure’.

1 Choose 5 classroom objects. Using Item Perimeter

a piece of string or strips of paper,
find their perimeters. Record your 1
measurements in the table.
2

2 Look carefully at the dimensions on each shape and find the perimeter. Express your answers in cm:

a b c
2 cm
2 cm P = cm

P = cm 4 cm
2 cm
4 cm

P = cm

5 1 cm 3 cm
2
d e

4 cm P = cm 4 cm
5 cm

P = cm
5 1 cm
2

4 cm

Do you need to
measure every side?
Is there a faster way
of doing it? P = cm

10
G 2 Length, Perimeter and Area
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Perimeter – measure perimeters

We can find the perimeter of squares and rectangles without

measuring every side.
This rectangle has 2 sides measuring 2.5 cm and 2 sides
measuring 4 cm. 2.5 cm
(4 + 4) + (2.5 + 2.5) = 8 + 5 = 13 Perimeter is 2L + 2W
Another way to organise this is 2 × (L + W)
4 cm
Squares are even easier: 4 × L

3 Use a shortcut method to work out the perimeter of:

1.5 m 2.5 m

2m 1m
2m
4m 3m
3m

a P= b P= c P= d P=

4 Find the perimeter of rectangles with the following dimensions:

Length Width Perimeter

6 cm 2.2 cm

12.5 mm 4 mm

5.54 m 3.56 m

150 cm 1.3 m

5 Circle the correct perimeter for these rectangles:

a Length 12 cm, Width 8 cm 32 cm 40 cm 20 cm

b Length 14 mm, Width 12 mm 26 mm 52 mm 40 mm

c Length 8.5 cm, Width 2.7 cm 22.4 cm 112 cm 11.2 cm

d Length 10.2 cm, Width 8.4 cm 85.68 cm 36 cm 37.2 cm

e Length 22 mm, Width 11 mm 6.6 cm 33 mm 60 mm

Length, Perimeter and Area

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SERIES TOPIC
Perimeter – perimeters of composite shapes
1 Work out the perimeter of these composite shapes* by adding the length of the sides:
7m 6.2 m

2.2 m
4m 4.2 m
2.2 m
6.2 m
8m 5.3 m 7.2 m
3m 2.8 m
4m 4.4 m 3m
3.3 m
1.3 m
4m 3.4 m
5.1 m

a P= b P= c P=

*Not drawn to scale.

2 These shapes* are symmetrical. Use this knowledge to help you find their perimeters:

1m 1 km
3 km 2 km

2m
1m

1.5 m 4 km
2m
3m 5 km
4m

a P= b P= c P=
*Not drawn to scale.

3 Draw 3 different shapes on the 5 mm dot paper, each with a perimeter of 200 mm.

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Perimeter – perimeters of composite shapes

10 m Look at this shape. Some of the measurements are missing.

How do we work out the perimeter?
?m
We use the information we have to help us fill in the gaps.
6m
5m 5 m + ? m = 10 m 10 m – 5 m = 5 m
3m
3m + ?m = 6m 6m – 3m = 3m
?m The perimeter of this shape is therefore 32 m.

4 Work out the perimeter of these shapes* using the known measurements to guide you:
25 mm
8 mm

60 mm 1.3 m
24 mm
4.5 m
25 mm 7.5 m
18 mm

40 mm 12 mm

1.3 m 1.3 m 44 mm

a P = b P = c P =

*Not drawn to scale.

5 What is the length of the dotted line in each shape*?

a b c
5.2 cm
12 cm
40 mm 40 mm 6.2 m 4.4 m
5.2 cm

P = 110 mm P = 16.6 m P = 44 cm
*Not drawn to scale.

6 Find the mystery perimeters:

a I have 4 sides. b I have 6 sides. c I am a regular octagon.
My opposing sides are equal. All my sides are equal. 6 of my sides total 12.6 cm
One of my sides is 8 cm One of my sides is 5.62 mm. in length.
in length. What is my perimeter? What is my perimeter?
Another is 4 cm.
What is my perimeter?

Length, Perimeter and Area

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SERIES TOPIC
Perimeter – perimeters of composite shapes
7 Using block letters, write your name on this 5 mm dot paper. What is the perimeter of your name?

8 Find 3 things that are roughly twice as long as they are wide. Calculate their perimeter:

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Perimeter puzzles solve

What Solve these perimeter puzzles:

to do
a Look at this isosceles triangle. The base measures 3 m.
The perimeter of the triangle is 11 m.
What is the length of one of the other sides?

b An equilateral triangle has a perimeter of 15.9 mm. How long is each side?

Each side is long.

c Farmer Joe needs to re-fence one of his paddocks. The perimeter

of the paddock is 144 m. The paddock is twice as long as it is wide.
What is its length? What is its width?

L =

W =

d A square piece of paper is divided in half as shown.

If the perimeter of one of the halves is 36 cm,
what was the perimeter of the original square?

P =

Length, Perimeter and Area

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SERIES TOPIC
Area – square units

Area is the amount of space a shape covers. It is a 2D measurement. 1 cm

We measure area in square units. For small areas we use square centimetres.
1 cm

1 What is the area of each shaded shape? Each square has an area of 1 cm².

a b c

Area = cm2 Area = cm2 Area = cm2

d e f

Area = cm2 Area = cm2 Area = cm2

2 How many different shapes can you make that have an area of 6 cm²?

Do you need to use whole

squares? How could you
make an area of 6 cm²
using part squares?

Choose another area and see how many of those shapes you can make.

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Area – square units

For larger areas such as a tennis court we use square metres (m²)
1m 1 km
For even larger areas such as countries, we use square kilometres.
A square kilometre is 1,000,000 m². 1m 1 km

3 How much space do you predict 1 m² would take up?

a Work in a small group and use chalk or string to mark your prediction on the ground. Use a ruler to
measure it out. Is it smaller or larger than you imagined?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

b Now, how many people do you think could fit in your square? They must all be able to stand with both
feet on the ground and inside the lines. Test it out. Record your prediction and the result.

Estimate = Measurement =

We also use hectares (ha) to measure area.

These are larger than square metres but smaller 100 m 100 m × 100 m = 10,000 m²
than square kilometres. We use them for = 1 ha
measuring spaces such as farms or parks. 100 m

4 Convert the following:

a 10,000 m² ha b 80,000 m² ha c 30,000 m² ha

d 20,000 m² ha e 50,000 m² ha f 110,000 m² ha

g 4 ha m2 h 9 ha m2 i 12 ha m2

j 5,000 m² ha k 15,000 m² ha l 7,500 m² ha

5 Would you choose cm², m², ha or km² to measure the area of the following?

a this page b Egypt

c a farm d a mobile phone screen

e a city park f a national park

g a DVD cover h a football stadium

Length, Perimeter and Area

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SERIES TOPIC
Area – find area using formulae

We can use this formula to find the area of rectangles.

2 cm
Area = Length × Width
Area = 4 cm × 2 cm = 8 cm²
4 cm

This saves us from ruling up

1 Use the formula A = L × W to help you find the areas* of: grids and counting squares.
a b c

2m 1 cm 3m
4 cm
3m 3m

A = A = A =

*Not drawn to scale.

2 Find the area of the following:

a A rectangle measuring 8 cm × 5 cm b A box measuring 30 cm × 7 cm

c A pool measuring 25 m × 10 m d A phone measuring 4.5 cm × 10 cm

e A book measuring 35 cm × 12 cm f A field measuring 60 m × 25 m

g A town square with 4 sides of 10 m h A rug measuring 10.2 m × 3.4 m

3 Answer these area word problems:

a Marianne wants to buy new carpet for her bedroom. Her room is 3 m × 4 m and the
carpet she wants costs £50 per m². How much will the new carpet cost her?

b A book is 12 cm longer than it is wide. If it is 10 cm wide, what is the area of the book?

c A garden has an area of 35 m². If the garden is 7 m long, what is its width?

d 
The area of a rectangle is 48 cm². What might be the length and width?
Come up with 2 options:

Option 1 L = W =

Option 2 L = W =

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Area – find area using formulae

Each triangle is half of a rectangle. Rectangle = 8 cm × 4 cm = 32 cm²

To find the area of a triangle, Triangle = 32 cm² ÷ 2 = 16 cm²
we find the area of the rectangle The formula for this is:
and then divide by two. 1
2 Base × Height

4 Find the area of the shaded triangles inside the rectangles*:

4 cm
1 cm 1m

2 cm 10 cm 1m

a Area = cm2 b Area = cm2 c Area = m2

This works for all triangles – right

angled, isosceles, equilateral and
scalene. One formula fits all!
6 cm

3 cm

4 cm 5 cm

d Area = cm2 e Area = cm2

*Not drawn to scale.

5 1
Find the area of these triangles* using the formula Base × Height:
2

6 cm
6m
4m

3 cm 9m 8m

a Area = cm2 b Area = m2 c Area = m2

d A triangle with a base of 12 cm and height of 7 cm

e A triangle with a base of 17 m and a height of 14 m

f A triangle with a base of 10.2 m and a height of 9 m

*Not drawn to scale.

Length, Perimeter and Area

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SERIES TOPIC
Area – find area of parallelograms

A parallelogram is a quadrilateral with opposite sides of equal

length and opposite angles of equal size. To find the area of
a parallelogram, you use the same formula as for rectangles width or height
– that is, length × width or base × height.
So if the base is 10 cm long and the height is 8 cm long,
the area of the parallelogram will be 10 × 8 = 80 cm². length or base

1 Find the areas of these parallelograms (not drawn to scale):

a 8 cm b 7 cm

3.5 cm
4 cm

c 4.5 cm d
3 cm

6 cm
5 cm

2 Find the heights of these parallelograms (not drawn to scale):

a Area = 15 cm2 b Area = 12 cm2

4 cm
3 cm

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Area – area and perimeter

Do shapes with the same area have the same perimeter?

4 cm² 4 cm²
No.

1 Draw some shapes with an area of 12 cm². Measure and record their perimeters in the table below.
What do you find?

Length Width Area

1 cm

1 cm

2 This time, use a perimeter of 20 cm as your starting point. Create different shapes with a perimeter of
20 cm and calculate their area.

1 cm

1 cm

Length, Perimeter and Area

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Area – area and perimeter
3 Solve these problems. Show your working out:

a The perimeter of a square is 48 cm. What is its area?

b The perimeter of a rectangle is 30 cm. If the rectangle is 4 times as long as it is wide,

what is the area of the rectangle?

c The area of a square is 36 m². What is its perimeter?

4 The desks in your classroom are 1 m long and 50 cm wide and seat 2 pupils. Your teacher would like
you to put them in groups of 3 so that 6 pupils can sit comfortably. Draw at least 2 different options and
calculate the perimeter and area of each option.

Which is your preferred option? Why?

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Area and perimeter puzzles solve

What Shakira has had it with her brothers wrecking her

to do
stuff and decides to fence off her own area of the
family room using the sofa cushions. There are 8
cushions, each 50 cm long. If she uses two of the
walls as part of her boundary, what is the largest area
she can make for herself that is brother-free?
Show her best option below:

The garden path on the left is made up of 9 identical squares.

a If the perimeter of the path is 20 m, what is its area?

b What about if the perimeter was 60 m? What would then

be the area?

c If the area of the path is 36 m², what is its perimeter?

Paige wants to paint the walls of her room purple. Her parents say she can do it but
How many steps only if the paint costs less than £250. Paige has found some purple paint going cheap
are involved in at £55 per 4 litre pot. Each pot will cover 9 m².
this problem?
Maybe I need to
Her bedroom is 3 m × 4 m and each wall is 2.5 m high. She has one window with
work out the area an area of 1 m² that doesn’t need to be painted. The ceiling is covered in silver stars
of each wall first. already so she won’t paint that either.
Can she do it? Show your working out.

Length, Perimeter and Area

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SERIES TOPIC
 Animal rescue investigate

Getting
ready Four African animals have been stolen by smugglers.
Fortunately you intercepted them and can return the
animals to their natural habitat.
You have four enclosures in which to transport the animals
safely. You know the areas of each side of the box but you
don’t know the lengths, heights or widths. You need to
select the right one for each animal.

Guess, check and improve

What Follow these directions: would be a useful strategy here.
to do
1 Look at the approximate dimensions of
the animals.
2 Now look at the boxes. The area of each side is
specified. Knowing this, what could the height,
length and width of each side be? Label them.
3 Join the animal to the box you think would fit it best.

Giraffe
21 m² H–5m
6 m²
L–4m
2 m²
W–1m
14 m²
Elephant
1.5 m² 3 m²
H–3m
4 m² L–7m
W–2m
6 m²
6 m² 4 m² Hippo
H–3m
L–2m
W–2m
5 m²
20 m²
Lion
H – 1.5 m
L–1m
W–2m

24 G 3 Length, Perimeter and Area

Copyright © 3P Learning
SERIES TOPIC
Scale and distance – scale drawings

We use scale drawings to represent larger measurements or objects.

Maps and floor plans are good examples of when we use scale in real life.
We use one measurement to represent another, like this: 1 cm = 5 km

1 If the length of each cell a km

on the square grid to the
right represents 3 km, b km
how long is each line?
c km

d km

e km

2 What about if each cell represents 20 cm?

a cm b cm c cm d cm e cm

3 If the length of (a) was 1.5 m, what would each cell represent in cm? cm

4 If the length of (d) was 125 mm, what would each cell represent in mm? mm

5 Using the map of the showground below, work out how far apart in real life these places are.
You must follow the grey paths.

a From the roller coaster to the show bags.

b From the clowns to the big top.

c From the Ferris wheel to the big top.

d You start off at the Ferris wheel, then go

to the roller coaster. You are now feeling
a bit queasy and sit down in the big top
for a bit. You decide you are feeling
better and go on a show bag shopping
spree. How far have you walked?
1 cm represents 50 m e Show your journey on the map.

Length, Perimeter and Area

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SERIES TOPIC
Scale and distance – scale drawings
6 Now design your own map:

a Draw 5 places on the map.

b Decide on a scale.

c Write 3 problems on another piece

of paper for a friend to solve.

d Ask for feedback from your friend.

Do they have enough information to
answer your questions?

e Make changes as needed.

1 cm represents __________

7 Look at the floor plan of the apartment below. Answer the following questions:

a What is the scale?

_____________________________________________________
Bath b What is the perimeter of the apartment?
Bedroom
_____________________________________________________

c What is the perimeter of the bedroom?

_____________________________________________________
Robe
d What is the length and width of the bathroom?
Wall A
_____________________________________________________
1
e You want to buy a plasma TV that takes up the length of
Meals Living 2
Wall A. How long will it be?

_____________________________________________________

f If your plasma TV is 0.75 m high, what will its perimeter be?

_____________________________________________________

g Is this a big apartment?

0 1 2 3 4 5 6
metres _____________________________________________________
1 cm
h Explain your thinking.

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

26
G 4 Length, Perimeter and Area
Copyright © 3P Learning
SERIES TOPIC
Scale and distance – maps

We use maps to locate places and to find the distance between them.
Usually we use a scale to work out distances, though sometimes they are marked on the map.

Fire Museum
Town East
Hall Townland What does each
cm represent?
Natural History
Museum
Your hotel

TCG
Townland
Arena

Theatre SCALE:
Royal City Park
1 cm = 1,000 m

1 You have won an all expenses paid luxury weekend to the cultural wonder of East Townland.
Accommodation in a fancy hotel, sporting tickets, spending money for a shopping spree – the whole
works. All you need to do is to get yourself around. Using the map, work out:

a As the crow flies, how far is it from your hotel to City Park?

b After watching a cricket match at the Townland Cricket Ground (TCG), you are going
to catch McFly in concert at the Townland Arena. How far is it between them?

c Would you walk to the concert or hail a taxi? Why?

_______________________________________________________________________

d The next day you decide to get cultural and visit some museums. Come on, stop
complaining, it’s good for you. You’ll head off from your hotel, visit the Natural
History Museum, visit the Fire Museum and then end up at Town Hall.
Trace the route on the map, then measure the distance.

e The answer is 1.5 km. What could be the question?

_______________________________________________________________________

Length, Perimeter and Area

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SERIES TOPIC
Scale and distance – maps
2 Use the map below to answer the following questions:

a What is the distance between Birmouth and

Portsham?
Birmouth
b If you travelled from Greenborough to Birmouth
via Portsham, what distance would you travel?

Portsham c Put a new town on the map that is 15 km from Greenborough.

It must sit on an existing road. Choose a name for your town.

______________________________________________________

Greenborough d Write a word problem for a friend to solve using your new town.

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________
SCALE:
______________________________________________________
1 cm = 10 km
______________________________________________________

3 Look at the road sign below. It shows the distances of five towns from your current position.

a How far is Sun Hill from Springfield? Walford 12 km

Sun Hill 27 km
b Which town is closer to Erinsborough,
Springfield or Walford? Erinsborough 145 km

Springfield 355 km
c What is the distance between Sun Hill
and Weatherfield? Weatherfield 455 km

d Your parents have hired a car for the journey.

The car costs are as follows:
• £68 per day – base rate
• the first 200 km of the journey are free
• 50p per kilometre thereafter.
How much will it cost you to drive to
Weatherfield and back? Assume the trip
will take 2 days.

28
G 4 Length, Perimeter and Area
Copyright © 3P Learning
SERIES TOPIC
Scale and distance – speed

Speed can be measured in kilometres per hour.

60 km per hour means that it takes 1 hour to travel 60 km and is written as 60 km/h.

1 Look at these distances and the time it took. Work out the speeds. Express your answer as km/h:

a 76 km in an hour = km/h b 82 km in an hour = km/h

c 100 km in 2 hours = km/h d 130 km in 2 hours = km/h

e 180 km in 3 hours = km/h f 240 km in 4 hours = km/h

2 If a car travelled 300 km in 6 hours, work out how far it travelled

in 2 hours and in 3 hours:

2 hours 3 hours 6 hours

0 km 300 km

1 hr = __________

3 If a car travelled 560 km in 8 hours, work out how far it travelled in half an hour and in 4 hours:

half an hour 4 hours 8 hours

0 km 560 km

1 hr = __________

4 If a car travelled 950 km in 10 hours, show how long it took

To work these out, you need
to travel half way: to first calculate what can be
covered in 1 hour and then
hours 10 hours multiply and divide as needed.

0 km

km 950 km

1 hr = __________

Length, Perimeter and Area

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SERIES TOPIC
Scale and distance – speed
5 If a snail travels 6 mm in 10 minutes, how far will it travel in 1 hour?

6 If a car was travelling 60 km/h, how far would it have travelled after 10 minutes?

7 Harriet walks at a speed of about 4 km/h. How long would it take for her to walk 20 km?

8 If a truck was travelling 80 km/h, how long would it take for the truck to travel 560 km?

You need to convert the

total minutes into hours.
9 Rahed is training for a 40 km marathon. He runs at an average speed
of 6 minutes a km. What time can he expect to finish the marathon in?

30
G 4 Length, Perimeter and Area
Copyright © 3P Learning
SERIES TOPIC
Scale and distance – speed, time and distance

Speed can be measured in kilometres per hour.

60 km per hour means that it took 1 hour to travel 60 km and is written 60 km/h.
We divide the distance travelled by the time taken to find the average speed.

1 What speed am I travelling if I cover:

a 120 km in 2 hours b 320 km in 8 hours

c 30 km in 1 hour d 130 km in 2 hours

e 480 km in 6 hours f 45 km in 1 hour

2 Look at the speedometers and record the speeds below:

a b c d
80 80 80 80
60 100 60 100 60 100 60 100
40 120 40 120 40 120 40 120

20 140 20 140 20 140 20 140

0 160 0 160 0 160 0 160

km/h km/h km/h km/h

3 The odometers below show the length of a journey. Calculate the distance travelled for each journey and
how long it would have taken if the car had been travelling at 80 km/h. A calculator could help you find
the differences between the start (top row) and the end (bottom row) of the journey.

a 1 3 5 6 0 0 b 0 2 0 1 4 9 c 1 1 0 2 6 2 d 0 9 9 9 9 9

1 3 5 7 2 0 0 2 0 3 0 9 1 1 0 4 6 2 1 0 0 0 3 9

Distance Distance Distance Distance

Time Time Time Time

Length, Perimeter and Area

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Scale and distance – speed, time and distance
4 Answer the following word problems:

a A car travels at an average speed of 75 km/h. How far

1
would it travel in 5 hours? 12 hours can be broken
into three 30 minute
segments. How far
does the plane travel in
b A train trip totals 450 km. If the trip takes 9 hours, 30 minutes? How many
what is the train’s average speed? lots of 30 minutes are
in 1 hour?

1
c A plane flies 600 km in 1 hours. What is its average
2
speed per hour?

1
d Muhammed runs 24 km in 1 hours. What is his
2
average speed per hour?

1
e A miniature train travels 100 km in 2 hours. What is
2
its average speed per hour?

5 Look at the snail trail below:

3 cm
B E F

5.5 cm

12 cm
10.5 cm

A
12 cm SCALE:

1 cm = 1 m
D C

a 
If it took the snail 2 hours to make the trail, what was its average speed per hour?
Express your answer in metres/h.

b The snail made a mad dash from point B to C to get away from a hungry looking
bird and covered the distance in 15 mins. What was its speed for that stretch?

32
G 4 Length, Perimeter and Area
Copyright © 3P Learning
SERIES TOPIC
Scale and distance – speed, time and distance

In the UK, as distances on roads are still indicated in miles rather than kilometres, it is more common
to think about long distances in terms of miles, and speed in terms of miles per hour (mph).

6 Mr Singh drives his car to 4 different meetings in a day. The times of his journeys are indicated below.

a 
If his car travelled at an average speed of 32 mph, how many miles was each leg of his journey?

miles miles

45 mins 1 hr

miles 30 mins
1 hr 30 mins

miles

b The following day he drives for a total of 96 miles over 4 hours. mph
What was his average speed?

c When his family go on holiday to Cornwall the journey takes 6 hours.

If their car’s average speed on the journey is 50 mph, how long is miles
their journey?

7 If we assume that 1 mile = 1.6 km, and 1 km = 0.6 miles, are the following statements true or false?

a 2 miles > 3 km b 10 miles = 16 km

c 5 miles < 7 km d 50 miles > 75 km

e 10 km = 7 miles f 3 km < 2 miles

g 20 km < 11 miles h 300 km > 160 miles

Length, Perimeter and Area

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SERIES TOPIC
 Flag it! apply
Getting On your marks, get set, go! You are about to participate in a race to collect as many
ready
flags as possible in less than 400 km.

What 1 Start at Point A.

to do
2 Work out how you will get to Point B collecting as many flags as you can at
various towns along the way. Use a calculator to help you add the distances.
3 You need to decide on your route. You may not exceed 400 km.

Olinda 90 Echoville
A
85 30 60
Simonstown
25 20
Stoling
Chelsea
140 40
20
York
35 40 Bontern
115
50
Milltown 50
40

Trenton
40
B
Rainbow Point Flagstuff

What to Use the space below to show your route and calculate the distance you cover
do next
between towns.

34
G 4 Length, Perimeter and Area
Copyright © 3P Learning
SERIES TOPIC
The City to School create
Getting
ready Your group has been hired by your favourite charity
to organise a 1 km fun run at your school.
You will plan and measure out the course and then
get another group to test out your run.
The run needs to be exactly 1 kilometre in length.
You’ll need markers at each 100 m point.
School rules must be followed. You may need to place signs indicating speeds for
inside journeys.
The charity organisers will need detailed plans of your route and have asked your
teacher to be their auditor. He or she may check on any or all of your calculations.

What
to do • Work with your team to plan the route. Where do you predict 1 km will take you?
(You have to stay within the school grounds at all times.)

• How will you measure the distances? What tools will you need?

• If you add obstacles such as climbing over equipment, remember to factor in the
distances involved in going up and down!

• Once you have your route planned, test it out. Is it possible? Do you need to
refine it?

• How will you record the route for your charity? A map? A scaled drawing? This is
a big task in itself so you may want to divide up the roles within the group.

What to Once you think you are ready, submit your plans to your teacher. Stage your event.
do next

Ask your teacher and the other groups for their feedback.

Length, Perimeter and Area

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SERIES TOPIC
 All roads lead to Rome apply

Getting
ready
Copenhagen

Amsterdam
1,033
1,329
514
Prague
312
827 Vienna
Paris
Munich 356

1,265
Milan 1,168
587
Marseilles 681

1,143
Rome 233
Naples

Lisbon Madrid
638

All measurements are in km.

What You are planning a European holiday. You will travel at an average speed of 80 km/h.
to do
At this speed, what is the driving time between the following distances?
Use rounding and estimation to help, you don’t need to be absolutely precise.

a Naples to Rome?
Hmm, if I get a decimal
such as 0.54, it is 0.54 of
60 mins, not 100. b Copenhagen to Vienna?
I could round this to 0.5,
which is 30 mins. c Marseilles to Rome?

d Milan to Lisbon?

You are now in Vienna and want to make it to Euro Disney in Paris as quickly as you
can. Fortunately you are travelling through Germany and can take advantage of the
autobahn and its unlimited speed limit.
1
If you travel the distance in just under 8 2 hours, what was
your average speed?

36
G 4 Length, Perimeter and Area
Copyright © 3P Learning
SERIES TOPIC
 Where will it take you? investigate

Getting Car makers have developed two new cars that they believe are exceptionally
ready
environmentally friendly. They predict that the Stomper can travel 10,000 km on one
tank of petrol and that the Styler can get 5,000 km from one tank. You have been
asked to test drive one of the cars to test their prediction.

Styler Stomper

What Use a separate piece of paper.

to do
Choose which car you would like to try out. You will need to plan your starting point
then track your travels. Plan to cover approximately 1,000 km each day. You’ll need
an atlas or access to the internet and a program such as Google Maps to assist you.
Before you start your journey, predict where you think you will end up.

You need to keep detailed records of the distances you have travelled. Use the table
below to record your journey.

Car: _________________ Distance to travel: ________________________

Day Start End Distance

Where did you end up?

Did you travel more
distance or less than you
predicted?

Length, Perimeter and Area

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SERIES TOPIC