AISC 360-16 Example 001
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PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 1
AISC 360-16 SFD Example 001
WIDE FLANGE MEMBER UNDER BENDING
EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
The design flexural strengths are checked for the beam shown below. The beam
is loaded with a uniform load of 0.45 klf (D) and 0.75 klf (L). The flexural
moment capacity is checked for three unsupported lengths in the weak direction,
Lb = 5 ft, 11.667 ft and 35 ft.
GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING
Member Properties Loading Geometry
W18X50 w = 0.45 klf (D) Span, L = 35 ft
E = 29000 ksi w = 0.75 klf (L)
Fy = 50 ksi
TECHNICAL FEATURES TESTED
Section compactness check (bending)
Member bending capacities
Unsupported length factors
AISC 360-16 SFD Example 001 - 1
Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 1
RESULTS COMPARISON
Independent results are comparing with the results of Example F.1-2a from the
AISC Design Examples, Volume 13 on the application of the 2005 AISC
Specification for Structural Steel Buildings (ANSI/AISC 360-10).
Percent
Output Parameter ETABS Independent Difference
Compactness Compact Compact 0.00%
Cb ( Lb =5ft) 1.004 1.002 0.20%
φb M n ( Lb =5ft) (k-ft) 378.750 378.750 0.00%
Cb ( Lb =11.67ft) 1.015 1.014 0.10%
φb M n ( Lb =11.67ft) (k-ft) 307.108 306.657 0.15%
Cb ( Lb =35ft) 1.138 1.136 0.18%
φb M n ( Lb =35ft) (k-ft) 94.361 94.218 0.15%
COMPUTER FILE: AISC 360-16 SFD EX001
CONCLUSION
The results show an acceptable comparison with the independent results. The
minor difference arises from the slight difference in Cw used in the program and
the limited number of decimal digits are carried in the hand calculations. The
program used Cw = 3043.983 in6, whereas the hand calculation used Cw =
3045.644 in6.
AISC 360-16 SFD Example 001 - 2
Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 1
HAND CALCULATION
Properties:
Material: ASTM A572 Grade 50 Steel
E = 29,000 ksi, Fy = 50 ksi
Section: W18x50
bf = 7.5 in, tf = 0.57 in, d = 18 in, tw = 0.355 in
h = d − 2t f = 18 − 2 • 0.57 = 16.86 in
h0 = d − t f =18 − 0.57 =17.43 in
S33 = 88.9 in3, Z33 = 101 in3
Iy =40.1 in4, ry = 1.652 in, Cw = 3045.644 in6, J = 1.240 in4
I y Cw 40.1 • 3045.644
=rts = = 1.98in
S33 88.889
Rm = 1.0 for doubly-symmetric sections
Other:
c = 1.0
L = 35 ft
Loadings:
wu = (1.2wd + 1.6wl) = 1.2(0.45) + 1.6(0.75) = 1.74 k/ft
Mu =
wu L2
8
∙
= 1.74 352/8 = 266.4375 k-ft
Section Compactness:
Localized Buckling for Flange:
bf 7.50
λ= = = 6.579
2t f 2 • 0.57
AISC 360-16 SFD Example 001 - 3
Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 1
E 29000
λ p = 0.38 = 0.38 = 9.152
Fy 50
λ < λ p , No localized flange buckling
Flange is Compact.
Localized Buckling for Web:
h 16.86
λ
= = = 47.49
tw 0.355
E 29000
λ p = 3.76 = 3.76 = 90.553
Fy 50
λ < λ p , No localized web buckling
Web is Compact.
Section is Compact.
Section Bending Capacity:
M p =Fy Z 33 =50 • 101 =5050 k-in
Lateral-Torsional Buckling Parameters:
Critical Lengths:
E 29000
1.76 ry
Lp = 1.76 • 1.652
= 70.022 in =
= 5.835ft
Fy 50
2
E Jc 0.7 Fy S33 ho
=Lr 1.95rts 1 + 1 + 6.76
0.7 Fy S33 ho E Jc
2
29000 1.240 • 1.0 0.7 • 50 88.9 • 17.43
Lr = 1.95 • 1.98 1 + 1 + 6.76
0.7 • 50 88.9 • 17.43 29000 1.240 • 1.0
Lr = 16.966 ft
AISC 360-16 SFD Example 001 - 4
Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 1
Non-Uniform Moment Magnification Factor:
For the lateral-torsional buckling limit state, the non-uniform moment magnification
factor is calculated using the following equation:
12.5M max
Cb = Rm ≤ 3.0 Eqn. 1
2.5M max + 3M A + 4 M B + 3M C
where MA = first quarter-span moment, MB = mid-span moment, MC = second quarter-
span moment.
The required moments for Eqn. 1 can be calculated as a percentage of the maximum
mid-span moment. Since the loading is uniform and the resulting moment is symmetric:
2
1L
M A = MC = 1− b
4 L
Member Bending Capacity for Lb = 5 ft:
M=
max M
= B 1.00
2 2
1L 1 5
MA = 1− b =
MC = 1− = 0.995
4 L 4 35
12.5 (1.00 )
Cb =
2.5 (1.00 ) + 3 ( 0.995 ) + 4 (1.00 ) + 3 ( 0.995 )
Cb = 1.002
Lb < L p , Lateral-Torsional buckling capacity is as follows:
M
= n M
= p 5050 k-in
φb M n =0.9 • 5050 /12
378.75 k-ft
φb M n =
Member Bending Capacity for Lb = 11.667 ft:
M=
max M
= B 1.00
2 2
1L 1 11.667
MA = 1− b =
MC = 1− 0.972
=
4 L 4 35
AISC 360-16 SFD Example 001 - 5
Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 1
12.5 (1.00 )
Cb =
2.5 (1.00 ) + 3 ( 0.972 ) + 4 (1.00 ) + 3 ( 0.972 )
Cb = 1.014
L p < Lb < Lr , Lateral-Torsional buckling capacity is as follows:
Lb − L p
M n = C b M p − (M p − 0.7 Fy S 33 ) ≤Mp
L − L
r p
11.667 − 5.835
=M n 1.014 5050 − ( 5050 − 0.7 • 50 • 88.889 ) = 4088.733 k-in
16.966 − 5.835
0.9 • 4088.733 /12
φb M n =
306.657 k-ft
φb M n =
Member Bending Capacity for Lb = 35 ft:
M=
max M
= B 1.00
2 2
1L 1 35
MA = 1− b =
MC = 1− = 0.750 .
4 L 4 35
12.5 (1.00 )
Cb = (1.00 )
2.5 (1.00 ) + 3 ( 0.750 ) + 4 (1.00 ) + 3 ( 0.750 )
Cb = 1.136
Lb > Lr , Lateral-Torsional buckling capacity is as follows:
2
Cbπ 2 E Jc Lb
Fcr = 2
1 + 0.078
Lb S 33 ho rts
rts
2
1.136 • π2 • 29000 1.24 • 1 420
Fcr = 2
1 + 0.078 14.133ksi
=
420 88.889 • 17.4 1.983
1.983
AISC 360-16 SFD Example 001 - 6
Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 1
M n = Fcr S 33 ≤ M p
M n= 14.133 • 88.9= 1256.245 k-in
0.9 •1256.245 /12
φb M n =
94.218 k-ft
φb M n =