Software Verification

PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000

REVISION NO.: 1

AISC 360-05 Example 001

WIDE FLANGE MEMBER UNDER BENDING

EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
The design flexural strengths are checked for the beam shown below. The beam
is loaded with a uniform load of 0.45 klf (D) and 0.75 klf (L). The flexural
moment capacity is checked for three unsupported lengths in the weak direction,
Lb = 5 ft, 11.667 ft and 35 ft.

GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING

Member Properties Loading Geometry

W18X50 w = 0.45 klf (D) Span, L = 35 ft
E = 29000 ksi w = 0.75 klf (L)
Fy = 50 ksi

TECHNICAL FEATURES TESTED

 Section Compactness Check (Bending)
 Member Bending Capacities
 Unsupported length factors

AISC 360-05 Example 001 - 1

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 1

RESULTS COMPARISON

Independent results are comparing with the results of Example F.1-2a from the
AISC Design Examples, Volume 13 on the application of the 2005 AISC
Specification for Structural Steel Buildings (ANSI/AISC 360-05).

Percent
Output Parameter SAP2000 Independent Difference

Compactness Compact Compact 0.00%

Cb ( Lb =5ft) 1.004 1.002 0.20%

φb M n ( Lb =5ft) (k-ft) 378.750 378.750 0.00%

Cb ( Lb =11.67ft) 1.015 1.014 0.10%

φb M n ( Lb =11.67ft) (k-ft) 307.108 306.657 0.15%

Cb ( Lb =35ft) 1.138 1.136 0.18%

φb M n ( Lb =35ft) (k-ft) 94.361 94.218 0.15%

COMPUTER FILE: AISC 360-05 EX001

CONCLUSION
The results show an acceptable comparison with the independent results. The
minor difference arises from the slight difference in Cw used in the program and
the limited number of decimal digits are carried in the hand calculations. The
program used Cw = 3043.983 in6, whereas the hand calculation used Cw =
3045.644 in6.

AISC 360-05 Example 001 - 2

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 1

HAND CALCULATION

Properties:
Material: ASTM A572 Grade 50 Steel
E = 29,000 ksi, Fy = 50 ksi
Section: W18x50
bf = 7.5 in, tf = 0.57 in, d = 18 in, tw = 0.355 in
h = d − 2t f = 18 − 2 • 0.57 = 16.86 in

h0 = d − t f =18 − 0.57 =17.43 in

S33 = 88.9 in3, Z33 = 101 in3

Iy =40.1 in4, ry = 1.652 in, Cw = 3045.644 in6, J = 1.240 in4

I y Cw 40.1 • 3045.644
=rts = = 1.98 in
S33 88.889

Rm = 1.0 for doubly-symmetric sections

Other:
c = 1.0
L = 35 ft

Loadings:
wu = (1.2wd + 1.6wl) = 1.2(0.45) + 1.6(0.75) = 1.74 k/ft

Mu =
wu L2
8
∙
= 1.74 352/8 = 266.4375 k-ft

Section Compactness:
Localized Buckling for Flange:
bf 7.50
λ= = = 6.579
2t f 2 • 0.57

AISC 360-05 Example 001 - 3

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 1

E 29000
λ p = 0.38 = 0.38 = 9.152
Fy 50

λ < λ p , No localized flange buckling

Flange is Compact.

Localized Buckling for Web:

h 16.86
λ
= = = 47.49
tw 0.355

E 29000
λ p = 3.76 = 3.76 = 90.553
Fy 50

λ < λ p , No localized web buckling

Web is Compact.

Section is Compact.

Section Bending Capacity:

M p =Fy Z 33 =50 • 101 =5050 k − in

Lateral-Torsional Buckling Parameters:

Critical Lengths:
E 29000
1.76 ry
Lp = 1.76 • 1.652
= 70.022 in =
= 5.835 ft
Fy 50
2
E Jc  0.7 Fy S33 ho 
=Lr 1.95rts 1 + 1 + 6.76  
0.7 Fy S33 ho  E Jc 
2
29000 1.240 • 1.0  0.7 • 50 88.9 • 17.43 
Lr = 1.95 • 1.98 1 + 1 + 6.76  
0.7 • 50 88.9 • 17.43  29000 1.240 • 1.0 

AISC 360-05 Example 001 - 4

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 1

Lr = 16.966 ft

Non-Uniform Moment Magnification Factor:

For the lateral-torsional buckling limit state, the non-uniform moment magnification factor is
calculated using the following equation:

12.5M max
Cb = Rm ≤ 3.0 Eqn. 1
2.5M max + 3M A + 4 M B + 3M C
Where MA = first quarter-span moment, MB = mid-span moment, MC = second quarter-span
moment.
The required moments for Eqn. 1 can be calculated as a percentage of the maximum mid-span
moment. Since the loading is uniform and the resulting moment is symmetric:
2
1L 
M A = MC = 1−  b 
4 L 

Member Bending Capacity for Lb = 5 ft:

M=
max M
= B 1.00
2 2
1L  1 5 
MA = 1−  b  =
MC = 1−   = 0.995
4 L  4  35 
12.5 (1.00 )
Cb =
2.5 (1.00 ) + 3 ( 0.995 ) + 4 (1.00 ) + 3 ( 0.995 )

Cb = 1.002

Lb < L p , Lateral-Torsional buckling capacity is as follows:

M
= n M
= p 5050 k − in

ϕb M=
n 0.9 • 5050 /12

ϕb M n 378.75 k − ft
=

AISC 360-05 Example 001 - 5

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 1

Member Bending Capacity for Lb = 11.667 ft:

M=
max M
= B 1.00
2 2
1L  1  11.667 
MA = 1−  b  =
MC = 1−  0.972
 =
4 L  4  35 
12.5 (1.00 )
Cb =
2.5 (1.00 ) + 3 ( 0.972 ) + 4 (1.00 ) + 3 ( 0.972 )

Cb = 1.014

L p < Lb < Lr , Lateral-Torsional buckling capacity is as follows:

  Lb − L p 
M n = C b  M p − (M p − 0.7 Fy S 33 )  ≤ M p
 L − L 
  r p 
  11.667 − 5.835  
=M n 1.014 5050 − ( 5050 − 0.7 • 50 • 88.889 )  =   4088.733 k − in
  16.966 − 5.835  
ϕb M=
n 0.9 • 4088.733 /12

ϕb M n 306.657 k − ft
=

Member Bending Capacity for Lb = 35 ft:

M=
max M
= B 1.00
2 2
1L  1  35 
MA = 1−  b  =
MC = 1−   = 0.750 .
4 L  4  35 
12.5 (1.00 )
Cb = (1.00 )
2.5 (1.00 ) + 3 ( 0.750 ) + 4 (1.00 ) + 3 ( 0.750 )

Cb = 1.136

Lb > Lr , Lateral-Torsional buckling capacity is as follows:

AISC 360-05 Example 001 - 6

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 1

2
Cbπ 2 E Jc  Lb 
Fcr = 2
1 + 0.078  
 Lb  S 33 ho  rts 
 
 rts 
2
1.136 • π 2 • 29000 1.24 • 1  420 
Fcr = 2
1 + 0.078  14.133 ksi
 =
 420  88.889 • 17.4  1.983 
 
 1.983 
M n = Fcr S 33 ≤ M p

M n= 14.133 • 88.9= 1256.245 k − in

ϕb M=
n 0.9 • 1256.245 /12
ϕb M n 94.218 k − ft
=

AISC 360-05 Example 001 - 7