LIMURU GIRLS’ SCHOOL ASSIGNMENT 2023

FORM 2 CHEMISTRY

FORM TWO HOLIDAY KEYNOTE CHEMISTRY

WEEK NO: 01-08
 FORM TWO HOLIDAY KEYNOTE CHEMISTRY
WEEK NO: 01

1. The diagram below shows the set up used to prepare dry hydrogen gas in laboratory. Study and
answer questions that follow.

I. State one mistake in the set-up (1mk)

II. Which property of hydrogen that enable it to be collected as shown in the diagram?
III. Write a chemical equation for the reaction taking place in the flask. (1mk)

2. The diagrams below represent two iron nails with some parts covered tightly with zinc and tin
respectively. What observations would be made at the exposed points R and Z if the wrapped
nails are left in the open for several days? Explain. 2mks
3. The Diagram below is set-up for the laboratory preparation of oxygen gas.
Hydrogen
peroxide

a) Name solid R 1mk

b) Write an equation for the reaction that takes place in the flask. (2mks)
c) Give two commercial use of oxygen. (2mk)
4. An element y has an electron arrangement of 2.8.5
a) State the period and group which the element belongs. (2mks)
b) Write the formula of the most stable ion formed when the element Y ionizes (1mk)
c) Explain the difference between the atomic radius of element Y and its ionic radius (2mks)
5. Lithium has two isotopes with mass numbers 6 and 7. If the R.A.M (relative atomic
mass) of
Lithium is 6.94, determine the percentage abundance of such isotope. 2mks
6. Other than their location in the atom, name two other differences between an electron
and a
proton. (2mks)
7. The diagram below was used to separate a mixture of methanol and propanol. Study it
and answer the questions that follows

a) State the function of X 1mk

 b) Which liquid will collect first in the beaker? Give reason 2mks
c) What would happen if water in and water out directions are reversed? Explain (2mk)
8. Briefly explain the following observations.
a) Noble gases are generally unreactive. (1mk)
b) Alkaline earth metals are generally less reactive than alkali metals in the
same period. 2mks
9. Nitrogen, oxygen and argon are obtained from the air using fractional distillation of
air. Dust, carbon (IV) oxide and water vapour are removed from the air before
fractional distillation is carried out.
a. Name the compound used to absorb carbon (IV) oxide gas from the air (1mk)
b. Explain how water vapour is removed from the air (2mks)
c. At what temperature are the gases liquefied? (1mk)
10.Study the diagram shown below to answer the questions that follow. The curve shows the
heating curve of water in the laboratory.

108 0C E
100 0 C
D

A
Time (Min)

a. At what temperature does the water boil? (1mk)

b. Is the curve for a pure water or impure water? Give a reason for your answer 2mks
c. Give two effects of impurities on the boiling point of water 2mks
d. Give two effects of impurities on the melting point of ice 2mks
 FORM TWO HOLIDAYS KEYNOTE
CHEMISTRY WEEK NO: 02

1[a] what is an atom? [1mk]

[b]Distinguish between atomic number and mass number [1mk]
2. Name two sub-atomic particles [2mks]
3. Element P has two isotopes P60 and P61 which occur in the ratio X:2. Given that its
30 30
R.A.M is 60.4.
Calculate the value of X [3mks]
4. A patient went to the hospital and was diagnosed to have cold flu. The patient was prescribed
to take drugs 1 x 3
a How and what hours in interval will the drugs be taken [2mks]
b Supposing the patient took the drugs at 7.00a.m in the morning. What other hours of
the day will the patient take the drugs [2mks]
5. Identify a suitable method that would be used to separate mixture of the following
substances
[a]Iodine and potassium chloride [1mk]
[b]Water and ethanol [1mk]
[c]Table salt dissolved in water [1mk]
6. Fill the table below
Compound

[i]sodium chloride

[ii]Iron{III}oxide

[iii] Al{OH}3
7. Chemistry is a science subject that involves practicals that are done in the laboratory. Safety
rules are given in order for the student to take precaution while in the laboratory
{i} State three such rules to be observed [3mks]
{ii} Most of the laboratory apparatus are made of glass. Give two reasons [2mks]
8.Njoki a form 2 student, was given a colourless liquid suspected to be water.
[a]Describe one chemical test she could use to identify the liquid. [2mks]
{b}Describe an experiment she could perform to ascertain its purity [2mks]
9.Two ions X2+ and Y2- forms ions with ionic configurations 2.8.8 each
[a]Which of the ions is of an element in
[i] period 3
[ii] Group 2
[b]Given that element Y has a mass number of 32, draw the structure of its ions [2mks]
10. The form two students were given solutions P, Q and R in three different beakers. They
put in red and blue litmus papers and recorded the results as shown below
Solution P Q R
Effect on blue changes red Remains blue Remains blue
litmus paper

Effects on red Remains red Changes red changes blue

litmus paper

Which of the solutions was most likely to be;

[i]Distilled water [1mk]
[ii] of an oxide of sodium. Explain your answer [2mks]
[iii]An oxide of sulphur. Explain your answer [2mks]
11.[a]Differentiate between prescription drugs and over the counter drugs [2mks]
[b]Name two commonly abused drugs in Kenya
 FORM TWO HOLIDAYS KEYNOTE
CHEMISTRY WEEK NO: 03

1. Complete the table below for the characteristics of the sub atomic particles. ( 2mks)
sub atomic particle Relative mass Electrical charge
Proton 1
Neutral 1
2. A sample of air contaminated with carbon monoxide and sulphur dioxide was passed
through the apparatus shown in the diagram below.

Which contaminant was removed by passing the contaminated air through the apparatus?
Explain. (2mks)
3. Explain how you would obtain solid lead carbonate from a mixture of lead carbonate and
sodium carbonate powders. (3mks)

4. Describe how the following reagents can be used to prepare copper (II) hydroxide, solid

copper (II) sulphate, solid sodium hydroxide and distilled water. (3mks)
5. Aluminium metal is a good conductor and is used for overhead cables. State any other two
properties that make aluminium suitable for this use. (2mks)
6. State with reasons whether the changes below are physical or chemical. (3mks)
CHANGE TYPE OF REASON
CHANGE
I. Heating iodine crystals gently.

II. Formation of brown coating on

iron when exposed to moist air.

III. Heating Zinc oxide

7. The table below shows the relative molecular masses and the boiling points of methane
and water.

Relative molecular mass Boiling point(oC)

Methane 16 -161

Water 18 100

Explain why the boiling point of water is higher than that of methane. (2mks)
8. (a) Two solutions J and K were tested with blue litmus papers and methyl orange indicator.
Blue litmus remained blue in both solutions. Methyl orange remained orange in K but
changed yellow in J.
(a) What is the nature of substance J? Explain. (2mks)
(b) Give an example of a substance that K is likely to be. (1mk)
 FORM TWO HOLIDAYS KEYNOTE
CHEMISTRY WEEK NO: 04

1. Name the method of separation that can most suitably be used to separate the following
mixtures
a) Gasoline from petroleum. (1mk)
b) Benzoic acid and potassium carbonate. (1mk)
c) Oil from cashew nuts. (1mk)
2. The table below shows information about three solid substances A,B and C.Study it and
answer the question that follow.
SOLID A COLD WATER HOT WATER
A Soluble Soluble
B Insoluble Insoluble
C Insoluble Soluble
Describe how you will separate the three solids from a mixture of these three. (3mks)
3. The diagram below shows the set-up that can be used to prepare and collect oxygen gas.
Study it and answer the questions that follow.
 a) Identify two mistakes from the diagram which must be corrected for one to collect
dry oxygen gas. (2mks)
b) What property of oxygen gas makes it possible to be collected over water? (1mk)
4. The table below gives information about some reactions of metals A,B, C and D and
their rates.

METAL Reaction with Reaction with Action of heat

acid water on its nitrate
A Hydrogen No reaction Oxide formed
evolved
B NO reaction No reaction Metal formed
C Hydrogen Hydrogen Oxide formed
evolved evolved
D NO reaction NO reaction Oxide formed

Arrange the metals in order of decreasing activity (Starting with the most reactive) (2mks)
5. The table below gives information on four elements by letters K,L,M and Study it and
answer the questions that follow. The letters do not represent the actual symbol of the
elements
Element Electron Atomic radius Ionic radius(nm)
arrangement (nm)
K 2.8.2 0.136 0.065
L 2.8.7 0.099 0.181
M 2.8.8.1 0.203 0.133
N 2.8.8.2 0.174 0.099

a) Which two elements have similar properties? Explain (2mks)

b) What is the most likely formula of the oxide of L? (1mk)
c) Which element is a non – metal. Explain. (1mk)
6. A student set- up the experiment below to collect gas K. The glass wool was heated
before heating the zinc powder.

a) Why was it necessary to heat the moist glass wool before heating the zinc powder.
(1mk)
b) What observation was made in the test-tube. (1mk)
c) Explain why it’s not advisable to prepare hydrogen gas by reacting dilute sulphuric (vi)
acid with calcium metal. (2mks)
7. Using dots ( ) and crosses ( x) to represent the outermost electrons, draw the structure
to show the bonding in CO2 ( C = 6, O = 8) (3mks)
8. Name the particles responsible for the electrical conductivity of
a) Graphite (1mk)
b) Molten Magnesium chloride. (1mk)
9. Starting with calcium carbonate, describe how a solid sample of calcium sulphate can
be Prepared. (3mks)
10.State and explain what would be observed when hydrogen gas is passed over heated
copper (II) oxide in a combustion tube. (3mks)
 FORM TWO HOLIDAYS KEYNOTE
CHEMISTRY WEEK NO: 05
1. Explain the change in mass expected when each of the following is heated in an open
crucible:
a) Copper metal (1 Mark)
b) Copper (II) nitrate (1 Mark)
2. The diagram below shows the setup of apparatus used to prepare a dry sample of carbon
(IV) oxide gas. Study it and answer the questions that follow

a) State the role of sodium hydrogen carbonate in the setup (1Mark)

b) Write the equation for the reaction taking place in the conical flask containing calcium
carbonate (1 Mark)
c) Give a reason why dilute sulphuric (VI) acid is not suitable for use in place of dilute
hydrochloric acid (1Mark)
3. The table below shows the melting point and boiling point values of elements across period
3 of the periodic table. Study it and answer the questions that follow.
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
Melting
44 119
point 98 650 660 1410 -101 -189
o 590 113
( C)
 Boiling
point 890 1110 2740 2360 280 446 -35 -186
o
( C)
a) Explain the trend in melting point and boiling point values between sodium and aluminium
(2Mks)
b) Give a reason why both phosphorous and sulphur have two values of melting point (1Mk)
4.
a) What are isotopes? (1
Mark)
b) Calculate the relative atomic mass of element E whose isotopic composition, shown below,
is in
the ratio 80:6:14 15E 16E 17E (2 Marks)

7 7 7
5. Write balanced chemical equations for the reactions between:
a) Dilute hydrochloric acid and calcium hydrogen carbonate (1 Mark)
b) Dilute sulphuric (VI) acid and potassium hydroxide solution (1 Mark)
6. When sodium metal is burnt in air, a white solid is observed. When the metal is burnt in
pure oxygen, the product formed is yellow. Name the white solid and yellow solid. (2Mks)
a) White solid
b) Yellow solid
7. Dilute hydrochloric acid was added to a calcium compound X to form a colourless solution
W and colourless gas Y. Gas Y formed a white precipitate L when bubbled through lime
water. a) Name the following substances:
i) Compound X (½ Mark)
ii) Solution W (½ Mark)
iii) Gas Y (½Mark)
iv) White precipitate L (½ Mark)
 b) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction that took place (1 Mark)
8. Explain the following observations:

a) All group VIII elements are gases at room temperature (1 Mark)

b) Sodium has a lower melting point than magnesium (2 Marks)
9. The grid below shows a section of the periodic table. The letters A, B, C, D, E, G and J do
not represent the actual symbols of elements.

a) Write the formulae of

i) Hydroxide of D (½ Marks) ii) Hydrogen carbonate of A (½
Marks)
b) Draw a dot (•) and cross (×) diagram for the compound formed between elements A and
G

FORM TWO HOLIDAY KEYNOTE

CHEMISTRY WEEK NO: 06

1. The electron arrangement of ions X3+ and Y2- are 2.8 and 2.8.8 respectively.
a) Write the electron arrangement of elements X and Y. (2mk)
b) Write the formula of the compound that would be formed
between element X and Y. (1mk)
2.Distinguish between the terms deliquescent and efflorescent salts. (2mks)
3. The table below shows PH value of different solutions.
Solution A B C D
 PH 14 7 2 11
a. Which solution is likely to be sugar solution? (1 mk)
b. Two of the solutions were found to react with both aluminium oxide
and zinc oxide. Identify the two giving reasons. (2 mks)
4.Identify the methods that are most appropriate to obtain. (3 mks)
(i) Oil from coconut
(ii) Diesel from crude oil
(iii) Sugar crystals from sugar solution
5. An element Q has an electron arrangement of 2.8.5 (a) Identify the group and period to
which it belongs. (2 mk)
(b) is element Q a metal or a non-metal? (1 mk)

6. Carbon has two isotopes namely 14𝐶 𝑎𝑛𝑑 12𝐶. Calculate the relative abundance
6 6
of these two isotopes if the relative atomic mass of carbon is 12.4. (3 mks)
7. The diagram below shows how two gases, P and Q were collected.

(i) Name the two methods shown above. (2 mks)

(ii) State the property of Q that enables it to be collected as shown above. (1 mk)
(iii) Give an example of a gas that is collected using the method shown in (b) above. (1 mk)
 8.State and explain the changes in mass that occur when the following substances are
separately heated in open crucibles.
(i) Copper metal (1 ½ mk) (ii) Copper (ii) Nitrate (1 ½ mks)
9.The structure of water molecule can be represented as shown below.

(a) Name the type of bonds represented by letters Y and Z. (2mk)

FORM TWO HOLIDAYS KEYNOTE

CHEMISTRY QUESTION PAPER NO: 7& 8

1. Draw a diagram of the apparatus used to measure accurately 250 cm3 of liquids or solutions.
(1 mark)
2. In the laboratory, there are two types of flames; with reasons, state which flame is used for:
(a) Heating (1 mark)
(b) Lighting (1 mark)
3. Define the term drug abuse. (1 mark)
4. Shanty accidentally mixed iron fillings, iron (III) chloride crystals and sulphur powder.
Describe how she would obtain each of the substances separately. (3 marks)
5. Classify the following as either chemical or physical changes. (5
marks)
Process Type of change
Electrical conductivity by copper
wire
Rusting of an iron nail
 Sublimation of iodine
Burning candle wax
Attraction of iron filings by a
magnet
6. Matter exists in three states. Describe how particles behave in each state according to
kinetic theory of matter.
(a) Solid state: (2 marks)
(b) Liquid state: (2 marks)
(c) Gaseous state: (2 marks)
7. Explain how acid rain can be formed. (2 marks)
8. Solutions may be classified as strongly basic, weakly basic, neutral, weakly acid, or
strongly acidic. The information below gives solutions and their pH values. Study it and
answer the questions that follow.
Classify the solutions in the table using the stated classifications. (2 Marks)
Solution pH value Nature of solution
B 0.5
C 6
9. A farmer tested soil in his farm and found out that its pH was 5.5. This was below the
recommended pH of 7.0. Suggest how the farmer could achieve the recommended pH
of soil in his farm. (1mark)
10. Name three gaseous components of unpolluted air. (3marks)
11. (a) Zinc reacts with dilute sulphuric (VI) acid to produce a colourless gas.
Write an equation for the reaction. (1 mark)
(b) Describe a test for the colourless gas. (2 marks)
(a) Complete the diagram to show how a dry sample of gas Q may be collected. (2 marks)
(b) Give a reason why calcium is not the most appropriate metal for use in this preparation.
(1 mark)
(c) Write an equation for the reaction for the formation of gas Q. (1 mark)
15. Complete the key shown below for sub atomic particles. (3marks)

Key

A …………………………………
B…………………………………
C …………………………………

20
16. The relative atomic mass of element Y which consists of the isotopes Y and 22Y is
20.2.
. Calculate the percentage of the atoms in the isotopic mixture. (3marks)
17. The ionic radii of the ions of Q and R are given as follows: Q2+ = 2,8,8 and R- = 2,8.
(a) Complete the table below: (2 marks)
Element Group Period
Q
 R
(b) Write the formula of the product formed when Q and R react. (1 mark)
18. State two observations made when warm sodium metal in a deflagrating spoon is lowered in
a gas jar full of chlorine gas? (2mks)
Write an equation for the reaction in (b) above. (1mk)
19. The following table gives the number of protons in the nucleus of some elements. The
letters do not represent the actual symbols of elements. Use it to answer the questions that
follow.
Element E F G H I J K L
Number of protons 3 12 6 17 10 19 14 35
(a) Which elements belong to the same group of the periodic table? (2 marks)
(b) How will the reactivity of element F compare with that of element K? Explain. (2 marks)
20. The atomic numbers of elements X and W are 11 and 16 respectively.
(a) Write the electronic arrangements of the elements. (1 mark)
Element X……………………………… Element W…………………………
(b) Predict the type of bonding in the product formed if elements W and X were to be
reacted.
Give the formula of the resulting compound. (2mks)
Type of bond…………………………………… Formula of compound ………………………
21. The table below show the physical properties of some substances. Use it to answer the
questions that follow.
(a) Which substance is likely to be; (1 mark)
(i) An element ………… (ii) A liquid at 22oC ……………….
(b) Which substance is likely to have the following structures? (3
marks)
(i) Simple molecular structure ……………………………………….
(ii) Giant ionic structure ………………………………………………
(iii) Giant atomic structure ……………………………………………
22. The diagram below shows the apparatus used for the electrolysis of molten sodium
bromide.

(a) What does the term electrolysis mean? (1mark)

(b) Which letter R, S, T or U on the diagram represents the cathode? (1mark)
(c) State the observation made at the anode. (1mark)
(d) Which condition is missing in the set-up? (1mark)
(e) Write the half equation for the reaction at: (2 marks)
(i) Cathode:
(ii) Anode:
23. State Graham’s Law of diffusion. (1 mark)
24. Sketch a curve to illustrate the relationship between the volume of a fixed mass of a gas
and its pressure at constant temperature. (1 mark)
25. Study the flow chart below and use it to answer the questions that follow.

(a) Name the substances labelled A, B, D and E. (2 marks)

(b) Cold water is made to circulate around chamber K. Suggest a reason for this. (1 mark)
(c) Give one reason for recycling in this process. (1 mark)
(d) Write down the equations for the reactions taking place in:
(i) The kiln (1 mark)
(ii) Solvay tower (overall equation) (1 mark)
(e) Give two uses of substance B. (1 mark)