Chapter - 6.01 (Magnets and Fields) : North Pole South Pole Magnetic Substances / Materials Outward Inward Attracted

Chapter – 6.
01 (Magnets and Fields)

1 What are the magnet, magnetic materials and non-magnetic materials?
Magnet: A magnet contains north pole (N-pole) and south pole (S-pole).
§ It attracts other magnetic substances / materials.
§ Magnetic field lines are outward from north pole (N-pole) and inward to the south pole (S- pole)
Magnetic materials: those materials are attracted by the magnets called magnetic materials.
Types of magnetic materials: there are two types of magnetic materials

(a) soft magnetic materials (b) hard magnetic materials
Non-magnetic materials: those materials are not attracted by the magnets called non-magnetic materials.
Example: plastic, rubber, eraser, glass etc.
2 What is the magnetic pole? How many poles in a magnet?

Magnetic pole: The place of magnet in which magnetic force is maximum is called magnetic pole. Poles
exists opposite end of the magnet.
§ Two poles exist in magnet: North pole or N- pole and South pole or S- pole
Two properties of magnetism:

§ Same poles repel, opposite poles attract.
§ The closer the poles, the greater the force between them.
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3 Why are the poles of a magnet called N-pole and S-pole?
If a magnet suspends freely, it takes position in north and south.
§ North pole: The north seeking pole of magnet is known as North pole (N-pole)
§ South pole: The south seeking pole of magnet is known as South pole (S-pole)
4 Differences between soft and hard magnetic materials

Soft magnetic materials Hard magnetic materials
Materials are easy to magnetize and easy to Materials are difficult to magnetize and difficult to
demagnetize are called soft magnetic materials. demagnetize are hard magnetic materials.
They are known as temporary magnet They are known as permanent magnet
Used in electromagnets, transformer cones and Used in permanent magnets, magnetic separations,
motors etc. magnetic detectors etc.
Example: iron, mumetal (nickel + iron) Example: steel, alcomax
5 Explain with diagram that iron is a soft magnetic material and steel is a hard magnetic material.
§ Iron and steel is brought near the magnet.
§ Iron and steel are induced poles and magnetized.
§ Then iron and steel are removed from the magnet. Iron will lose its magnetism and steel keeps its
magnetism.
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6 What is the magnetic compass?
Magnetic Compass: Magnetic compass contains a magnetic needle. It indicates north south direction.
The needle is mounted on the low friction pivot point.
7 Draw magnetic field lines around a magnet.
§ Magnetic field lines are outward from north pole and inward to south pole.
§ The magnetic field is stronger where the field lines are closer together.
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Chapter - 6.02: Magnetism from Currents.
1 What is the Magnetism from current?

When current flows through a wire then magnetic field is created around the wire. It is called magnetism
from current.
2 What is the solenoid?

Solenoid: solenoid is a coil of wire. when current through the solenoid, it becomes electromagnet.
3 What are the magnetic rules? [vvi]

§ Magnetic field lines run from N to S
§ The right-hand grip rule for straight wire
thumb - current direction and fingers curl - magnetic field
§ The right-hand grip rules for solenoid: thumb - N pole and fingers curl - current.
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4 Draw the magnetic field lines around the current carrying wire.
Observations / Properties:
1. Magnetic field is increased with increasing current.
2. The magnetic field is stronger, closer to the wire.
5 Draw magnetic field lines around the current carrying solenoid and write down the two
observations/properties.
Two observations/properties:
1. Magnetic field is increased with increasing current.
2. Magnetic field is increased with increasing the number of turns on the coil.
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6 How you will make a magnet? or how you will magnetize a magnetic material?
v A steel is kept inside the solenoid.
v Current flows through the solenoid
v then the steel becomes magnetized.
v Steel is removed after switch off and it retains its magnetism (permanent magnet).
7 Write down the procedures to demagnetize a magnet?

v A magnet is kept inside the solenoid.
v Alternating current flows through the solenoid.
v Magnetic is slowly pulled out.
v then magnetic field changes very rapidly and it becomes magnetized.
Chapter - 6.03: Electromagnets.

1 What is the electromagnet and how many parts of the electromagnet
§ A coil of a wire that becomes a temporary magnet when electricity flows through it.
three parts of the electromagnet:

v A coil: It is made from several turns of insulated copper wire.
v A battery: It supplies electric current.
v A core: It is a soft magnetic material (iron). It is kept inside the coil.
2 Write down the uses of electromagnet.

§ In an electric bell, electromagnets pull the hammer and release by switch on and off very rapidly.
§ It is used in a telephone earpiece.
§ It is used to separate magnetic materials(iron, steel) from other materials.
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§ It helps to mend broken bones more quickly.
3 What is the electromagnetic switch or relay and how does relay work?
A relay is an electromagnetic switch operated by a relatively small current that can turn on or off a much
larger electric current. The heart of a relay is an electromagnet.
§ The switch in the input circuit is closed or connected or on

§ The electromagnet comes on.
§ and pulls the iron armature towards it.
§ this close the contact.
§ The motor in the output circuit is switched on by large current.
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Chapter - 6.01 (Magnets and Fields) : North Pole South Pole Magnetic Substances / Materials Outward Inward Attracted

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Chapter - 6.01 (Magnets and Fields) : North Pole South Pole Magnetic Substances / Materials Outward Inward Attracted

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Chapter – 6.

01 (Magnets and Fields)

Types of magnetic materials: there are two types of magnetic materials

2 What is the magnetic pole? How many poles in a magnet?

Two properties of magnetism:

4 Differences between soft and hard magnetic materials

§ Iron and steel are induced poles and magnetized.

7 Draw magnetic field lines around a magnet.

1 What is the Magnetism from current?

2 What is the solenoid?

3 What are the magnetic rules? [vvi]

7 Write down the procedures to demagnetize a magnet?

Chapter - 6.03: Electromagnets.

three parts of the electromagnet:

2 Write down the uses of electromagnet.

§ The switch in the input circuit is closed or connected or on

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