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    IGCSE PHYSICS Magnetism

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    SajidMansoorKuriyedam
    1. A magnet has two poles, north and south, and a magnetic force around it such that like poles repel and unlike poles attract. 2. Materials that are strongly attracted to magnets, like iron, nickel, and cobalt, are called magnetic materials and can be used to make permanent magnets out of alloys. 3. Magnetic fields exist in the space around magnets and magnetic materials, and can be visualized with field lines that run from the north to south pole.

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    IGCSE PHYSICS Magnetism

    Uploaded by

    SajidMansoorKuriyedam
    613 views30 pages
    1. A magnet has two poles, north and south, and a magnetic force around it such that like poles repel and unlike poles attract. 2. Materials that are strongly attracted to magnets, like iron, nickel, and cobalt, are called magnetic materials and can be used to make permanent magnets out of alloys. 3. Magnetic fields exist in the space around magnets and magnetic materials, and can be visualized with field lines that run from the north to south pole.

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    IGCSE PHYSICS Magnetism PPT

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    1. A magnet has two poles, north and south, and a magnetic force around it such that like poles repel and unlike poles attract. 2. Materials that are strongly attracted to magnets, like iron, nickel, and cobalt, are called magnetic materials and can be used to make permanent magnets out of alloys. 3. Magnetic fields exist in the space around magnets and magnetic materials, and can be visualized with field lines that run from the north to south pole.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    613 views30 pages

    IGCSE PHYSICS Magnetism

    Uploaded by

    SajidMansoorKuriyedam
    1. A magnet has two poles, north and south, and a magnetic force around it such that like poles repel and unlike poles attract. 2. Materials that are strongly attracted to magnets, like iron, nickel, and cobalt, are called magnetic materials and can be used to make permanent magnets out of alloys. 3. Magnetic fields exist in the space around magnets and magnetic materials, and can be visualized with field lines that run from the north to south pole.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 30

    Magnetism

    Properties of magnets
    1. A magnet has 2 poles- north pole (N) and south pole (S)
    2. A magnet has a magnetic force around it
    3. Like poles repel and unlike poles attract
    4. Magnetic strength is strongest at the poles.
    Magnetic materials
    The materials to which magnets are attracted are called magnetic materials.
    Bar magnets are permanent magnets.
    This means that their magnetism is
    there all the time and cannot be turned
    on or off as it can with electromagnets.
    Permanent magnets are made from special alloys (ferromagnetic
    materials) such as iron, nickel and cobalt, several alloys of rare-
    earth metals and minerals such as lodestone.

    Ferromagnetic materials are the metals or alloys which are strongly magnetised
    Hard magnetic materials
    The magnetic materials which are difficult to magnetize
    and demagnetize are called Hard magnetic materials.
    Examples: alloys like steel , AlNiCo, Alcomax etc…

    Soft magnetic materials

    The magnetic materials which are easy to magnetize and


    demagnetize are called Hard magnetic materials.
    Examples: iron
    Magnetisation
    The process that make a magnetic material magnetic is called magnetization.

    Methods of magnetization
    1. stroking
    3. Electrical method- place the magnet inside a coil connected to an DC ( direct current ).
    Demagnetisation
    The removal of magnetic properties form a substance is called demagnetization.

    Methods of demagnetization
    1. Heating

    2. Hammering
    3. Electrical method- place the magnet inside a coil connected to an AC (alternating current).
    Magnetic field

    It is the region around a magnet where it experiences a force due to another magnet or
    magnetic material.

    Magnetic field lines - the imaginary lines around a magnet which represents a magnetic field

    Properties of magnetic field lines

    1. It is always directed from N to S.

    1. Near the poles, the field lines are crowded.


    This gives rise to a strong MF near the
    poles.
    solenoid

    https://youtu.be/4zvvAjj18Dk
    Solenoid
    When a current (d.c.) is passed through a long coil, the current creates a magnetic
    field around the coil similar to that of a bar magnet

    The magnetic field around a solenoid (a long coil)


    is identical to the magnetic field of a bar magnet
    electromagnet
    • Placing a soft magnetic material (such as iron) inside the coil
    will make the field much stronger:
    • The coil becomes an electromagnet

    An electromagnet consists of a coil of


    wire surrounding a soft iron core.
    The strength of an electromagnet’s magnetic field may be
    increased by:
    • Increasing the current in the coil
    • Adding more turns to the coil
    Electromagnets have an advantage over permanent magnets as they
    can be
    • turned on and off and
    • the magnetic field strength can be changed.

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