Cuj 2

Central University of Jharkhand CUJ/PHY/711040 3.
The following schematic illustration/graph 2

Department of Physics (SET-I)
is a pictorial representation of _________ ?
3rd Semester (2 Years M. Sc. in Physics) Examination-2022
(Regular Paper)
Paper Name: QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(Code: PHY/711040)
Full Marks: 60 Time: 2 Hrs. (a) Spontaneous emission (b) Spontaneous
Absorption (c) Stimulated emission (d)
INSTRUCTIONS: Stimulated Absorption
1. Question paper is divided into two Sections A and B. Attempt the 4. Which factors lead to short pulses from a 2
required number of questions as per the instruction mentioned in each passively Q-switched laser?
Section.
2. Numbers showing in the right side indicating marks. (a) a high pump intensity (b) a large laser
resonator (c) a small amount of saturable
Section: A (Answer all questions) (Total 20 marks) absorption (d) a large amount of saturable
absorption
S. No Question Marks
5. Consider sum frequency generation with 2
wavelengths of 2 μm and 1 μm. The
1. Calculate the Q factor of a LASER with a 2
wavelength of the generated wave will be
central wavelength of 450 nm and spectral
(a) 0.666 μm (b) 3 μm (c) 1 μm (d) 0.333
FWHM of 1.5 GHz.
μm
−4 4
(a) 2. 249 × 10 (b) 2. 249 × 10
5 3 6. If three wave components co-propagate at 2
(c) 4. 446 × 10 (d) 1. 443 × 10
angular frequencies of ω1, ω2 & ω3, as a
2. Calculate the coherence length (𝐿𝑐) for a 2 result a new wave is being generated at an
beam traveling in water (refractive index, angular frequency of ω4, which is given
𝑛 = 1. 33) for which the emission by?
linewidth is 1500 MHz. (a) ω4 = ω1 − ω2 − ω3
(a) 0.07 cm (b) 7.0 μm (c) 15 cm (d) 15 μm
1
(b) ω4 = ω1 + ω2 + ω3 10. The induced index change has its 2
(c) ω4 = ω1 + ω2 − ω3 proportionality with respect to _________
in Kerr type effect?
(d) ω4 = ω1 − ω2 + ω3 (a) square of electric field (b) cube of
electric field (c) cube root of electric field
7. What is the higher order harmonics of 2
(d) one-fourth power of electric field
order 5 of a waveform with fundamental
frequency of 50Hz?
(a) 10μHz (b) 10Hz (c) 200Hz (d) 250Hz
8. State which the following processes are 2

automatically phase matched?
(a) Self phase modulation (b) Four wave Section: B (Answer any eight questions) (Total 40 marks)
mixing (c) Second harmonic generation (d)
Third harmonic generation S. No Question Marks
9. Is the following statement true: What 2

11. Calculate the ratio of the rates of 5
happens when a degenerate optical
spontaneous and stimulated emission (R)
parametric oscillator (OPO) is exactly the
for the light emitted by an electric
time-reversed version of resonant
discharge in a gas such as Neon in the
frequency doubled.
Helium-Neon (He-Ne) LASER. If the
(a) Yes, why not?
discharge temperature is 370 K for the
(b) No, these processes rely on different
red-line produced by this laser, which has
nonlinearities. 14
(c) No, these processes differ in terms of a frequency of ν = 4. 74 × 10 𝐻𝑧.
phase matching. 12. Starting from a beam with the following 5
(d) No, as a time-reversed frequency frequency (ω) components
doubler would have two input waves, −𝑖ω1𝑡 −𝑖ω2𝑡
whereas the OPO has only one. 𝐸(𝑡) = 𝐸1𝑒 + 𝐸2𝑒 + 𝑐. 𝑐,
compute explicitly the second order
2
components of the nonlinear polarization 18. Derive the expression for non-degenerate 5
(2)
𝑃 (𝑡) = 𝜖0𝜒 𝐸(𝑡)
(2) 2
and write down spontaneous parametric (frequency) down
conversion and discuss the conditions for
what each frequency component
parametric amplification and attenuation.
represents.
19. Write short notes on Sum Frequency 5
13. (a) In a dispersive medium the refractive 5
Generator (SFG) and Difference
index varies with wavelength. We can
Frequency Generator (DFG).
define a group refractive index by the
relation, 𝑛𝑔 = 𝑛 − λ
𝑑𝑛
, prove that 20. What is Chirped Pulse Amplification? 5
𝑑λ
𝑑𝑛
What is the core of the method that really
𝑛𝑔 = 𝑛 + ν 𝑑ν
. makes it tick? What pre-existing
(b) At what temperature would the problems did its introduction solve?
stimulated and spontaneous emission rates
be equal for particles in a cavity and a
transition at a wavelength of 1 μm.
14. With the help of energy level diagrams, 5

explain the working of a vibronic LASER
by Franck Condon principle.
15. Differentiate between spatial coherence 5

and temporal coherence.
16. What is the cause of natural broadening? 5

Find an expression for it using usual
notations.
17. Find an expression for the ratio of output 5

and input electric field of a Febry-Perot
resonator cavity.

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Central University of Jharkhand CUJ/PHY/711040 3.

The following schematic illustration/graph 2

8. State which the following processes are 2

9. Is the following statement true: What 2

14. With the help of energy level diagrams, 5

15. Differentiate between spatial coherence 5

16. What is the cause of natural broadening? 5

17. Find an expression for the ratio of output 5

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