ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY

ECW568
OPEN-ENDED LAB REPORT

TITLE OF EXPERIMENT : BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND

DATE OF EXPERIMENT : 3 MAY 2023

GROUP : CEEC 220621A

GROUP MEMBERS 1. ALI IMRAN BIN AHMAD KAMAL

2. HANIFAN BIN SAUFI

3. MUHAMMAD IMRAN BIN MANSOR

4. NIK AHMAD HUZAIFAH ATTHOYYIB BIN NIK MOHD ROSLI

5. AINNUR ZULHUSNI AKHTAR BIN ABD HALIM

LECTURER : TS .
DR .
DZULAIKHA BINTI KHAIRUDDIN

LEVEL OF OPENESS : 2

MARKS COMMENTS
INTRODUCTION
BASIC CONCEPT
METHODOLOGY 1 2 3 4 5
RESULTS & ANALYSIS 1 2 3 4 5
DISCUSSION 1 2 3 4 5
CONCLUSION 1 2 3 4 5

TOTAL MARKS
 TABLE OF CONTENT

1. 0 INTRODUCTION

2. 0 OBJECTIVES

3.0 PROBLEM STATEMENT

4.0 APPARATUS

5.0 PROCEDURES

6.0 RESULT

7.0 DATA ANALYSIS

8.0 DISCUSSION

9.0 CONCLUSION

10.0 REFERENCES
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The amount of oxygen consumed by microorganisms in
the process decomposing organic matter in
of stream
water is measured by the biochemical oxygen
demand chemical oxidation of inorganic
(Bob) The ·

matter, or the chemical reaction thatextracts oxygen

from water, is also measured by Bob. The testis used to
determine how much oxygen these organisms ingested
over a predetermined time frame
(typically 5 days at 2000).
Numerous factors, including temperature, pH, the presence
of specific microorganisms, and the type of organic
and inorganic material in the water, influence the rate of
in
oxygen consumption streams.

2.0 OBJECTIVES

of
"To measure the concentration in water
Boy sample.
2. To analyze data and interpretthe results of the
BOD experiment

3.0 PROBLEM STATEMENT

students are required to determine the quality of water

supply in Shah
Alam. As a group, you need to will

collect two (2) types of water samples. You will have to

determine suitable sampling points, sample amount,
sampling method and sample storage or preparation.
you are
required
to carry outDO and
available
30D Using
in the laboratory.
the apparatus
appropriate
4.0 APPARATUS

1.BOD incubator
2.
Glass stopped BOD bottles
3. Calibrated Do proble
4
measuring cylinder
Conical
5. flask
6. Wash buttle.
5.0 PROCEDURES

1. Dilution was prepared by adding the following per litre

of
required dilution water, then derate to oxygen
saturation (approximate 1 hourl:
-

ImL phosphate buffer.

Im) solution.
sulphate
magnesium
-

I mL
calcium chloride solution.
1 mL
-

ferric chloride solution.

2. three (3) dilutions water blanks were set up.
3. Three (3) dilutions for each sample were
4.the initial do of each diluted sample and
prepared.
blank
was measured using a calibrated Do probe
-

Ju the bottle with dilution water was filled

up and
ensured no air bubble before tightly close the bottle's
mouth with glass stopper.
6. Blanks samples were incubated at20° for
and
five days.
7 -
After five days incubation, do was measured in each
buttle by do probe, 30D5 was calculated as follows:
(n
30D5
1)-(B-B5)
=

where:
Do= initial Do of sample, my1L
D5 Final Do of incubated sample after 5 days, myth
=

Bo= Initial DO of blank, mg1L

3 5 Final DO of incubated blankafter 5
=
days. mg1L
p Decimal
=

volumetric fraction of sample used

p
etofore
=

note:Only consider dilutions where:

i) depletion is 2.0 mylL
ii) final bo21.0 mg/L
6.0 RESULTS
Table 6.1: Results of Dilution-water Blanks
Seed Volume
Sample of BOD
(mL) Bottle Initial DO, B1 (mg/L) Final DO, B2 (mg/L)
(mL)

Reading (Day 1) Reading (Day 5)

1 2 3 Average 1 2 3 Average
5 300 7.75 7.75 7.74 7.75 8.64 8.6 8.55 8.60
10 300 7.52 7.50 7.49 7.50 8.31 8.35 8.36 8.34
20 300 7.42 7.42 7.44 7.43 8.5 8.51 8.55 8.52

Table 6.2: Results of Seeded BOD

Seed Volume
Sample of BOD
(mL) Bottle Initial DO, D1 (mg/L) Final DO, D2 (mg/L)
(mL)

Reading (Day 1) Reading (Day 5)

1 2 3 Average 1 2 3 Average
5 300 7.45 7.33 7.26 7.35 0.08 0.09 0.11 0.09
10 300 7.02 6.93 6.87 6.94 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.13
20 300 6.13 6.02 5.9 6.02 0.1 0.11 0.1 0.10
7.0 DATA ANALYSIS
Table 7.1: DO Reading and Final BOD Reading (Blank Sample)

Volume of
Seed Sample Initial DO, B1 Final DO, B2 (B1-B2)
BOD Bottle
(mL) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)
(mL)

5 300 7.75 8.60 -0.85

10 300 7.50 8.34 -0.84
20 300 7.43 8.52 -1.09

Table 7.2: DO Reading and Final BOD Reading

Seed Volume Initial Final Depletion, Fraction of BOD5,
Sample of BOD DO, D1 DO, D2 (D1-D2) sample, P (mg/L)
(mL) Bottle (mg/L) (mg/L) mg/L
(mL)

5 300 7.35 0.09 7.26 0.02 363.00

10 300 6.94 0.13 6.81 0.03 227.00
20 300 6.02 0.10 5.92 0.07 84.57

Sample calculation
Since there is error in blank sample results because of increment value of DO, calculate BOD
using the equation below:
( )
BOD5 = (mg/L)

Where

P=

For seed sample 5mL,

P= = 0.02

.
BOD5 = = 363mg/L
.
Table 7.3: Regulatory discharge for Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME)
CamScanner
10 .
REFERENCES

American Public Health Association American water

,

works Association ,
and water Environment

Federation .
( 1998 ) .
Standard methods for

the Examination of water and wastewater .

American Public Health Association ,

Washington ,
D.C .

Peterson & J ( 2009 ) Low Dissolved

,
F.
, Risberg ,
. .
Oxygen
life
in Water -
Causes ,
Impact on Aquatic
-

An Overview .

https://www.pca.state.mn.us / sites / default / files

/ iw 3- 24 pdf
wq
- -

Dissolved Oxygen and water IV. s .

Geological Survey .

( October ,
2019 ) .

Usgs .gov .

https://www.vsgs.gov / special -
topics / water -

science -
school / science / dissolved -

Oxygen - and -
water