19

P-340 Physics

Magnetism and
Matter
æm ö M æ m0 ö 2M
Magnetism, Gauss’s Law, 2ç 0÷ ´ qv ç ÷ ´ qv
è 4p ø d
( ) ( )
(d) è 4p ø d 3
3
TOPIC 1 Magnetic Moment, Properties (c)
2 2
of Magnet
4. A magnet of total magnetic moment 10 -2 iˆ A-m2 is
1. A small bar magnet placed with its axis at 30° with an external placed in a time varying magnetic field,
field of 0.06 T experiences a torque of 0.018 Nm. The
B iˆ (coswt)where B = 1 Tesla and w = 0.125 rad/s. The
minimum work required to rotate it from its stable to
work done for reversing the direction of the magnetic
unstable equilibrium position is :
moment at t = 1 second, is: [10 Jan. 2019 I]
[Sep. 04, 2020 (I)] (a) 0.01 J (b) 0.007 J
(a) 6.4 × 10–2 J (b) 9.2 × 10–3 J (c) 0.028 J (d) 0.014 J
(c) 7.2 × 10–2 J (d) 11.7 × 10–3 J 5. A magnetic dipole in a constant magnetic field has :
2. A circular coil has moment of inertia 0.8 kg m2 around any [Online April 8, 2017]
diameter and is carrying current to produce a magnetic (a) maximum potential energy when the torque is maximum
moment of 20 Am2. The coil is kept initially in a vertical (b) zero potential energy when the torque is minimum.
position and it can rotate freely around a horizontal (c) zero potential energy when the torque is maximum.
diameter. When a uniform magnetic field of 4 T is applied (d) minimum potential energy when the torque is maximum.
along the vertical, it starts rotating around its horizontal 6. A magnetic dipole is acted upon by two magnetic fields
diameter. The angular speed the coil acquires after rotating which are inclined to each other at an angle of 75°. One of
the fields has a magnitude of 15 mT. The dipole attains
by 60° will be : [Sep. 04, 2020 (II)]
stable equilibrium at an angle of 30° with this field. The
(a) 10 rad s–1 (b) 10p rad s–1 magntidue of the other field (in mT) is close to :
(c) 20p rad s–1 (d) 20 rad s–1 [Online April 9, 2016]
3. Two magnetic dipoles X and Y are placed at a separation (a) 1 (b) 11 (c) 36 (d) 1060
d, with their axes perpendicular to each other. The dipole 7. A 25 cm long solenoid has radius 2 cm and 500 total number
moment of Y is twice that of X. A particle of charge q is of turns. It carries a current of 15 A. If it is equivalent to a
passing through their midpoint P, at angle q = 45° with the r
horizontal line, as shown in figure. What would be the magnet of the same size and magnetization M (magnetic
uur
magnitude of force on the particle at that instant? (d is moment/volume), then M is : [Online April 10, 2015]
much larger than the dimensions of the dipole)
[8 April 2019 II] (a) 30000p Am–1 (b) 3pAm–1
(c) 30000 Am –1 (d) 300 Am–1
8. A bar magnet of length 6 cm has a magnetic moment of
4 J T–1. Find the strength of magnetic field at a distance of
200 cm from the centre of the magnet along its equatorial
line. [Online May 7, 2012]
(a) 4 × 10–8 tesla (b) 3.5 × 10–8 tesla
(c) 5 × 10–8 tesla (d) 3 × 10–8 tesla
9. A thin circular disc of radius R is uniformly charged with
æ m0 ö M density s > 0 per unit area. The disc rotates about its axis
ç ÷ ´ qv with a uniform angular speed w.The magnetic moment of
( )
(a) è 4p ø d 3
(b) 0
2 the disc is [2011 RS]
Magnetism and Matter P-341

r
4 pR 4 (a) B
(a) pR sw (b) sw (b) zero
2 r r
(c) much large than | B | and parallel to B
pR 4 r r
(c) sw (d) 2pR 4 sw (d) much large than | B | but opposite to B
4
10. A magnetic needle is kept in a non-uniform magnetic field. 17. Magnetic materials used for making permanent magnets
It experiences [2005] (P) and magnets in a transformer (T) have different
(a) neither a force nor a torque properties of the following, which property best matches
(b) a torque but not a force for the type of magnet required? [Sep. 02, 2020 (I)]
(c) a force but not a torque
(a) T : Large retentivity, small coercivity
(d) a force and a torque
11. The length of a magnet is large compared to its width and (b) P : Small retentivity, large coercivity
breadth. The time period of its oscillation in a vibration (c) T : Large retentivity, large coercivity
magnetometer is 2s. The magnet is cut along its length (d) P : Large retentivity, large coercivity
into three equal parts and these parts are then placed on 18.
each other with their like poles together. The time period
of this combination will be [2004]
2 2
(a) 2 3 s (b) s (c) 2 s (d) s
3 3
12. A magnetic needle lying parallel to a magnetic field requiers
W units of work to turn it through 600 . The torque needed
to maintain the needle in this position will be [2003]

(a) 3W (b) W (c) 3 (d) 2 W

W
2
13. The magnetic lines of force inside a bar magnet [2003] The figure gives experimentally measured B vs. H variation
(a) are from north-pole to south-pole of the magnet in a ferromagnetic material. The retentivity, co-ercivity
(b) do not exist and saturation, respectively, of the material are:
(c) depend upon the area of cross-section of the bar [7 Jan. 2020 II]
magnet (a) 1.5 T, 50 A/m and 1.0 T
(d) are from south-pole to north-pole of the Magnet (b) 1.5 T, 50 A/m and 1.0 T
(c) 150 A/m, 1.0 T and 1.5 T
The Earth Magnetism, Magnetic (d) 1.0 T, 50 A/m and 1.5 T
TOPIC 2 A paramagnetic material has 1028 atoms/m3. Its magnetic
Materials and their properties 19.
susceptibility at temperature 350 K is 2.8 × 10–4 . Its
14. An iron rod of volume 10–3 m3 and relative permeability susceptibility at 300 K is: [12 Jan. 2019 II]
1000 is placed as core in a solenoid with 10 turns/cm. If a (a) 3.267 × 10–4 (b) 3.672 × 10–4
current of 0.5 A is passed through the solenoid, then the (c) 3.726 × 10–4 (d) 2.672 × 10 –4
magnetic moment of the rod will be : [Sep. 05, 2020 (II)] 20. A paramagnetic substance in the form of a cube with sides
(a) 50 × 102 Am2 (b) 5 × 102 Am2 1 cm has a magnetic dipole moment of 20 × 10–6 J/T when
2 2 a magnetic intensity of 60 × 103 A/m is applied. Its magnetic
(c) 500 × 10 Am (d) 0.5 × 102 Am2
susceptibility is: [11 Jan. 2019 II]
15. A paramagnetic sample shows a net magnetisation of 6 A/m (a) 3.3 × 10–2 (b) 4.3 × 10 –2
when it is placed in an external magnetic field of 0.4 T at a (c) 2.3 × 10–2 (d) 3.3 × 10–4
temperature of 4 K. When the sample is placed in an external 21. At some location on earth the horizontal component of
magnetic field of 0.3 T at a temperature of 24 K, then the earth’s magnetic field is 18 × 10–6 T. At this location,
magnetisation will be : [Sep. 04, 2020 (II)] magnetic needle of length 0.12 m and pole strength 1.8
(a) 1 A/m (b) 4 A/m Am is suspended from its mid-point using a thread, it
(c) 2.25 A/m (d) 0.75 A/m makes 45° angle with horizontal in equilibrium. To keep
this needle horizontal, the vertical force that should be
16. A perfectly diamagnetic sphere has a small spherical cavity
applied at one of its ends is: [10 Jan. 2019 II]
at its centre, which is filled with a paramagnetic substance. (a) 3.6 × 10–5 N (b) 1.8 × 10–5 N
r
The whole system is placed in a uniform magnetic field B. (c) 1.3 × 10–5 N (d) 6.5 × 10–5 N
Then the field inside the paramagnetic substance is : 22. A bar magnet is demagnetized by inserthing it inside a
[Sep. 03, 2020 (II)] solenoid of length 0.2 m, 100 turns, and carrying a current
of 5.2 A. The coercivity of the bar magnet is:
[9 Jan. 2019 I]
P (a) 285 A/m (b) 2600 A/m
(c) 520 A/m (d) 1200 A/m
P-342 Physics

23. The B-H curve for a ferromagnet is shown in the figure. =Horizontal component of earth’s magnetic field = 3.6
The ferromagnet is placed inside a long solenoid with × 10–5 tesla) [Online April 11, 2015]
1000 turns/cm.. The current that should be passed in the (a) 14.6 (b) 19.4 (c) 9.7 (d) 4.9
solenoid to demagnetise the ferromagnet completely is: 27. The coercivity of a small magnet where the ferromagnet
[Online April 15, 2018] gets demagnetized is 3 ´ 103 Am -1. The current required
B(T) to be passed in a solenoid of length 10 cm and number of
turns 100, so that the magnet gets demagnetized when
2, 0
inside the solenoid, is: [2014]
1, 0 H(A/m) (a) 30 mA (b) 60 mA (c) 3 A (d) 6 A
–200 –100 100 200 28. An example of a perfect diamagnet is a superconductor.
–1, 0
This implies that when a superconductor is put in a
–2, 0
magnetic field of intensity B, the magnetic field Bs inside
the superconductor will be such that:
(a) 2 mA (b) 1 mA (c) 40 µA (d) 20 µA [Online April 19, 2014]
24. Hysteresis loops for two magnetic materials A and B are (a) Bs = – B (b) Bs = 0
given below : (c) Bs = B (d) Bs < B but Bs ¹ 0
D B 29. Three identical bars A, B and C are made of different
magnetic materials. When kept in a uniform magnetic field,
the field lines around them look as follows:

H H
A B C

(A) (B)
Make the correspondence of these bars with their
These materials are used to make magnets for elecric
material being diamagnetic (D), ferromagnetic (F) and
generators, transformer core and electromagnet core.
paramagnetic (P): [Online April 11, 2014]
Then it is proper to use : [2016]
(a) A « D, B « P, C « F
(a) A for transformers and B for electric generators.
(b) B for electromagnets and transformers. (b) A « F, B « D, C « P
(c) A for electric generators and trasformers. (c) A « P, B « F, C « D
(d) A for electromagnets and B for electric generators.
(d) A « F, B « P, C « D
25. A fighter plane of length 20 m, wing span (distance from
30. The magnetic field of earth at the equator is approximately
tip of one wing to the tip of the other wing) of 15m and
4 × 10–5 T. The radius of earth is 6.4 × 106 m. Then the
height 5m is lying towards east over Delhi. Its speed is
dipole moment of the earth will be nearly of the order of:
240 ms–1. The earth's magnetic field over Delhi is 5 ×
[Online April 9, 2014]
10–5T with the declination angle ~0° and dip of q such
(a) 1023 A m2 (b) 1020 A m2
2 (c) 1016 A m2 (d) 1010 A m2
that sin q = . If the voltage developed is VB between
3 31. The mid points of two small magnetic dipoles of length d
the lower and upper side of the plane and VW between the in end-on positions, are separated by a distance x, (x > >
tips of the wings then VB and VW are close to : d). The force between them is proportional to x–n where n
[Online April 10, 2016] is: [Online April 9, 2014]
(a) VB = 40 mV; VW = 135 mV with left side of pilot at
N S
higher voltage S N
(b) VB = 45 mV; VW = 120 mV with right side of pilot
x
at higher voltage
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
(c) VB = 40 mV; VW = 135 mV with right side of pilot
32. Two short bar magnets of length 1 cm each have magnetic
at higher voltage
moments 1.20 Am2 and 1.00 Am2 respectively. They are
(d) VB = 45 mV; VW = 120 mV with left side of pilot at
placed on a horizontal table parallel to each other with
higher voltage
their N poles pointing towards the South. They have a
26. A short bar magnet is placed in the magnetic meridian
common magnetic equator and are separated by a distance
of the earth with north pole pointing north. Neutral
of 20.0 cm. The value of the resultand horizontal magnetic
points are found at a distance of 30 cm from the magnet
induction at the mid-point O of the line joining their
on the East – West line, drawn through the middle point
centres is close to (Horizontal component of earth.s
of the magnet. The magnetic moment of the magnet in
magnetic induction is 3.6× 10.5Wb/m2) [2013]
m0 (a) 3.6 × 10.5 Wb/m2 (b) 2.56 × 10.4 Wb/m2
Am2 is close to: (Given = 10–7 in SI units and BH
4p (c) 3.50 × 10.4 Wb/m2 (d) 5.80 × 10.4 Wb/m2
Magnetism and Matter P-343

33. The earth’s magnetic field lines resemble 38. Curie temperature is the temperature above which
that of a dipole at the centre of the earth. If the magnetic [2003]
moment of this dipole is close to 8 × 1022 Am2, the
(a) a ferromagnetic material becomes paramagnetic
value of earth’s magnetic field near the equator is close
to (radius of the earth = 6.4 × 106 m) (b) a paramagnetic material becomes diamagnetic
[Online April 25, 2013] (c) a ferromagnetic material becomes diamagnetic
(a) 0.6 Gauss (b) 1.2 Gauss (d) a paramagnetic material becomes ferromagnetic
(c) 1.8 Gauss (d) 0.32 Gauss
34. Relative permittivity and permeability of a material e r and
TOPIC 3 Magnetic Equipment
m r , respectively. Which of the following values of these
quantities are allowed for a diamagnetic material? [2008] 39. A ring is hung on a nail. It can oscillate, without slipping
(a) e r = 0.5, m r = 1.5 (b) e r = 1.5, mr = 0.5 or sliding (i) in its plane with a time period T1 and, (ii) back
and forth in a direction perpendicular to its plane, with a
(c) e r = 0.5, m r = 0.5 (d) e r = 1.5, mr = 1.5
T1
35. Needles N1, N2 and N3 are made of a ferromagnetic, a period T2. The ratio will be : [Sep. 05, 2020 (II)]
paramagnetic and a diamagnetic substance respectively. T2
A magnet when brought close to them will [2006] 2 2
(a) (b)
(a) attract N1 and N2 strongly but repel N3 3 3
(b) attract N1 strongly, N2 weakly and repel N3 weakly 3 2
(c) (d)
(c) attract N1 strongly, but repel N2 and N3 weakly 2 3
(d) attract all three of them 40. A magnetic compass needle oscillates 30 times per minute
36. The materials suitable for making electromagnets should at a place where the dip is 45o, and 40 times per minute
have [2004] where the dip is 30o. If B1 and B2 are respectively the total
magnetic field due to the earth and the two places, then
(a) high retentivity and low coercivity
the ratio B1/B2 is best given by :
(b) low retentivity and low coercivity
[12 April 2019 I]
(c) high retentivity and high coercivity (a) 1.8 (b) 0.7 (c) 3.6 (d) 2.2
(d) low retentivity and high coercivity 41. A hoop and a solid cylinder of same mass and radius are
37. A thin rectangular magnet suspended freely has a period made of a permanent magnetic material with their
of oscillation equal to T. Now it is broken into two equal magnetic moment parallel to their respective axes. But
halves (each having half of the original length) and one the magnetic moment of hoop is twice of solid cylinder.
piece is made to oscillate freely in the same field. If its They are placed in a uniform magnetic field in such a
manner that their magnetic moments make a small angle
T'
period of oscillation is T¢, the ratio is [2003] with the field. If the oscillation periods of hoop and
T cylinder are Th and Tc respectively, then:
1 1 [10 Jan. 2019 II]
(a) (b) (a) Th = Tc (b) Th = 2 Tc
2 2 2
(c) Th = 1.5 Tc (d) Th = 0.5 Tc
1 42. A magnetic needle of magnetic moment 6.7 × 10–2 Am2
(c) 2 (d)
4 and moment of inertia 7.5 × 10–6 kg m2 is performing
simple harmonic oscillations in a magnetic field of 0.01
T. Time taken for 10 complete oscillations is : [2017]
(a) 6.98 s (b) 8.76 s
(c) 6.65 s (d) 8. 89 s