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 WRITE UP ON THE DESIGN OF CLARIFIER TANK
The clarifier tank is of diameter 38.0 m with water depth at edge = 3.35 m.

This structure is modelled in Staad using beam and plate elements.

The forces applied are dead loads due to self-weight and the water loads – vertical loads and lateral thrusts.

The vertical and lateral water loads are applied as hydrostatic loads in the Staad input.

Seismic loads are calculated as per IS 1893 part 2 2014 and applied in the structure as hydrodynamic forces.

The seismic parameters are Z = 0.16, Importance Factor I = 1.5( from Table 1 of IS 1893 Part 2 as per
recommendations of SE PHED ), Response reduction, R = 4 (SMRF),
The multiplying factor to be applied in Staad input = Z/2 * I/R = 0.16/2*1.5/4 = 0.03
Though the structure is on Hard soil , Soil Type 3 implying soft strata is considered as per the comments of
SE PHED.
The water load is considered in full for the generation of seismic loads conservatively.
Lumped masses are calculated and applied in Staad for generation of seismic loads through Staad inbuilt
1893 load generator.
The structural part carrying the water is designed as water retaining structure and designed as uncracked
section as per IS 3370 Part 2 2009. The basin slab, walls and the basin beams built integrally with the slab is
designed as uncracked and the reinforcement stresses at the water face are limited to the values as specified
in the Table 4 of the code.

The members below the basin, i.e., the columns and the tie beams at the pile cap level are designed as
cracked section using Limit State Method of IS 456-2000.

The grade of concrete used for the clarifier elements is M30 as per Technical Specifications.
For pile design M25 grade concrete is used as specified in the NIT document.
Geotechnical Information:
As per Soil Report the reference bore holes are BH4A
Piles are provided with the following parameters :
Pile Diameter = 600 mm Pile Shaft length = 26 m
FGL = EL ( + ) 1.00m Pile Cut off level = EL (- ) 2.615 m
Pile termination level = EL (-) 28.615 m
The pile capacities are listed below ( snapshot of the soil report is appended herewith)

2
The Piles are designed with Vertical Compression of 91.57t & Horizontal capacity of 3.90t.
Hence, the same design will hold good for the aforementioned reduced pile capacities to be on
conservative side.

3
3D MODEL OF THE CLARIFIER – MODELLED IN STAADPRO

4
SEISMIC CALULATION AS PER IS 1893 – PART 2 2014

As per the comments of PHED the entire seismic calculation is also done as per IS1893 Part 2 2014 considering the structure like elevated water tank and
using the seismic calculation methodology applied for elevated tanks as this structure is on frames which are supported on piles.

The CG of the empty tank is obtained from Staad – through a separate run.

Unit load of one ton is applied at each joint at this CG level and the deflection is noted. The Stiffness as required in the seismic calculation is obtained using
this value. A separate run is used to calculate the stiffness.

The total weight of the dry structure = 1889 tons as per staad output – this is used for further calculations for the seismic analysis as presented below.

5
Seismic Load Calculation as per IS 1893 Part 2 2014

4.75 m

mc 2038 mm
CG of m 3790 mm
l
1.4 m hc
mi hi 1895 mm

0.06 m
35 m
35 m

Equivalent height, h = 3790 mm = 3.79 m Diameter D = 35 m

Reference code : IS 1893 Part 2 2014 Fig 2 & Fig 5

h/D= 0.108 So from Fig 5 , Ci = 7 Cc = 5.8

Total mass of water = 3646 tons Density of liquid , r = 1 t/cum = 1000 kg/cum

6
For impulsive mode :
Time Period !" #!$
Calculation of Ks :
Ti = 2p Unit load of 1.0 ton is applied at all joints at the empty RCC tank CG level
%$
The CG location is obtained through staad command.
Total 560 tons applied and deflection recorded = 0.769 mm
Hence Ti = 0.112 secs So for 1 mm deflection , force required = 560 / 0.769 * 1.0 = 728.2 tons
So Ks = 728.2 tons/mm = 7282185 kN/m
Mass
mi / m = 0.12 Hence mi = 0.12 * 3646 = 437.5 tons Since the tank bottom is almost
ms ( weight of empty tank + 1/3 mass of staging ) = 1889 tons flushing with the foundaion level
Height of application full tank weight is considered.
hi / h = 0.375 Hence hi = 0.375 * 3.79 = 1.421 m

Seismic multiplying factor for the site (Z/2*I/R) : Reference Table 1, 2

Z = 0.16 I= 1.5 R= 4 (SMRF) Total seismic shear for both
Z/2 * I/R = 0.030 impulsive and convective modes
For the time period , Sa/g = 2.5
So , Ahi = 0.075 Vi = 1712 kN
Total seismic shear at level hi = Ahi * ( mi + ms )* g = 1712 kN Vc = 1289 kN

For convective mode : Total shear = 2143 kN (SRSS)

Time Period
. Tc = & = 1.085 secs
Cc
'

Mass
mc / m = 0.78 Hence mc = 0.78 * 3646 = 2844 tons
Height of application
hc / h = 0.51 Hence hc = 0.51 * 3.79 = 1.933 m
Seismic multiplying factor for the site (Z/2*I/R) :
For the time period , Sa/g = 1.539 ( = 1.67 / T ) ( For soft soil as per PHED SE's comments)
So , Ahc = 0.0462

Total seismic shear at level hc = Ahc * mc * g = 1288.91 kN

7
Hydrodynamic sloshing effect on wall as per IS 1893 Part 2 2014

Impulsive Mode
h/D = 0.108 => D/h = 9.235 h= 3.79 m hi = 1.421 m

Qiw = 0.866 [ 1 - ( y/h) 2 ] tanh ( 0.866 D/h ) = 0.866 * ( 1 - (y/h) 2 ) Ahi = 0.075 tanh ( 0.866 D/h ) = 1

2
pw = Qiw y * Ah . r . g . h. cos f = 2414.83451 { 1 - (y/h) } * cos f

o o o o o
For f = 0 For f = 22.5 For f = 45 For f = 67.5 For f = 90
cos f = 1 cos f = 0.924 cos f = 0.707 cos f = 0.383 cos f = 0.000 0.399 kN/m = 0.04 t/m
y pw y pw y pw y pw y pw
kN/m kN/m kN/m kN/m kN/m
0 2.415 0 2.231 0 1.708 0 0.924 0 1E-16
0.5 2.373 0.5 2.192 0.5 1.678 0.5 0.908 0.5 1E-16
1 2.247 1 2.076 1 1.589 1 0.86 1 1E-16
1.5 2.037 1.5 1.882 1.5 1.44 1.5 0.779 1.5 1E-16
2 1.742 2 1.61 2 1.232 2 0.667 2 1E-16
2.5 1.364 2.5 1.26 2.5 0.965 2.5 0.522 2.5 8E-17
3 0.902 3 0.833 3 0.638 3 0.345 3 6E-17
3.79 0 3.79 0 3.79 0 3.79 0 3.79 0
2.415 kN/m = 0.241 t/m
Equivalent pressure
diagram

8
Convective Mode
2
pcw = Qcw Y . Ah . r . g . h. D ( 1 - !.cos2 f ) cos f = 60119.8983 Qcw Y . ( 1 - !.cos f ) cos f
h= 3.79 m hc = 1.933 m 33817
Qcw y = 0.5625 cosh ( 3.674 y/D ) / cosh (3.674 h/D ) D= 35 m

o
For f = 0 For f = 45 o For f = 90 o

cos f = 1 cos f = 0.707 cos f = 0

y Qcw Y pw y Qcw Y pw y Qcw Y pw 22.54 kN/m = 2.254 t/m
kN/m kN/m kN/m
0 0.521 20.87 0 0.521 18.45 0 0.521 0
0.5 0.521 20.9 0.5 0.521 18.47 0.5 0.521 0
1 0.524 20.99 1 0.524 18.55 1 0.524 0
1.5 0.527 21.13 1.5 0.527 18.68 1.5 0.527 0
2 0.532 21.33 2 0.532 18.86 2 0.532 0
2.5 0.539 21.59 2.5 0.539 19.09 2.5 0.539 0
3 0.547 21.91 3 0.547 19.37 3 0.547 0
3.79 0.563 22.54 3.79 0.563 19.93 3.79 0.563 0 20.59 kN/m = 2.059 t/m
Equivalent pressure
diagram

Sloshing Wave Height dmax = (Ah)c . R. D/2 = 3.234 m

9
 DESIGN OF THE BOTTOM SLAB OF CLARIFIER

The bottom slab is designed as reinforced with radial and tangential reinforcements.
The radial and tangential stresses are obtained from the staad plate element stresses.

Moment Mx : Tangential Steel ( Secondary Steel )

Zone 1 : From outer wall to the inner partition wall

Max. hogging moment = 1.8 tm/m

Axial tensile stress due to water thrust at the same location = 11 t/m2 (Sx )
So axial tension force = 11 * 0.3 = 3.3 t/m

Max. sagging moment = 1.4 tm/m

Axial tensile stress due to water thrust at the same location = 36 t/m2
So axial tension force = 36 * 0.3 = 10.8 t/m

O/a depth reqd. as uncracked section : 1.8 * 105 / ( 3.33 * 100 ) = 23.3 cm = 233 mm

Provide 300 mm o/a thickness of slab. d= 300 -30 -16 -6 = 248 mm

Top steel :
Ast,reqd (in bending): 1.8 * 105 / ( 1300 * 0.87 * 24.8 ) = 6.42 cm2/m
Ast,reqd (axial tension): 3.3 * 103 / ( 1300 * 2 ) = 1.27 cm2/m/face
Total Ast,reqd = 6.42 + 1.27 = 7.69 cm2/m
Provide 12 tor @ 125 c/c alth. as tangential steel at water face ( = 9.05 cm2/m )

Bottom Steel : d= 300 -30 -16 -6 = 248 mm

5
Ast,reqd (in bending) : 1.4 * 10 / ( 1900 * 0.89 * 24.8 ) = 3.34 cm2/m
Ast,reqd(axial tension): 3.3 * 103 / ( 1900 * 2 ) = 0.87 2
cm /m/face
Total Ast,reqd = 3.34 + 0.87 = 4.21 cm2/m
Provide 12 tor @ 150 c/c alth. as tangential steel at bottom face ( = 7.54 cm2/m)

Check against combined axial tension & bending tension (at water face) :
9.05 Grade of conc. : M 30 Modular ratio , m = 9.333
y cm2 Ae = 100 * 30 + (m-1) * ( 9.05 + 7.54 )
300

NA = 3138.2 cm2
y = [ 100 * 30 * 15 + (m-1) * ( 9.05 *
2
7.54 cm 5.2 + 7.54 * 24.8 ) ] / Ae
1000 = 15 cm

3 3 2
INA = 1/3 * 100 * ( 15 + 15 ) + (m-1) * ( 9.05 * 9.8 + 7.54 * 9.8 2 )
= 238277.00 cm4
Ztop = INA / 15 = 15885.13 cm3
3
scat = 3.3 *10 / Ae= 1.06 kg/sq.cm < 15 kg/sq.cm
scbt = 1.8 * 105 / Z = 11.34 kg/sq.cm < 20 kg/sq.cm
Unity check : 1.06 / 15 + 11.34 / 20 = 0.64 < 1.0
Hence okay

10
Zone 2 : From inner partition wall upto the inner well face

Max. hogging moment = 1.9 tm/m (at face of beams )

Axial tensile stress due to water thrust at the same location = 4 t/m2 ( Sx )
So axial tension force = 4 * 0.3 = 1.2 t/m

Max. sagging moment = 1.9 tm/m

Axial tensile stress due to water thrust at the same location = 59 t/m2
So axial tension force = 59 * 0.3 = 17.7 t/m

O/a depth reqd. as uncracked section : 1.9 * 105 / ( 3.33 * 100 ) = 23.9 cm = 239 mm

Provide 300 mm o/a thickness of slab. d= 300 -30 -16 -8 = 246 mm

Top steel :
Ast,reqd (in bending): 1.9 * 105 / ( 1300 * 0.87 * 24.6 ) = 6.83 cm2/m
Ast,reqd (axial tension): 1.2 * 103 / ( 1300 * 2 ) = 0.47 2
cm /m/face
2
Total Ast,reqd = 6.83 + 0.47 = 7.3 cm /m
Provide 12 tor @ 150 c/c alth. as tangential steel at water face ( = 7.54 cm2/m )

Bottom Steel : d= 300 -30 -16 -8 = 246 mm

Ast,reqd (in bending) : 1.9 * 105 / ( 1900 * 0.89 * 24.6 ) = 4.57 cm2/m
Ast,reqd(axial tension): 1.2 * 103 / ( 1900 * 2 ) = 0.32 cm2/m/face
Total Ast,reqd = 4.57 + 0.32 = 4.89 cm2/m
Provide 12 tor @ 150 c/c alth. as tangential steel at bottom face ( = 7.54 cm2/m)

Check against combined axial tension & bending tension (at water face) :
7.54 Grade of conc. : M 30 Modular ratio , m = 9.333
2
y cm A e = 100 * 30 + (m-1) * ( 7.54 + 7.54 )
300

NA = 3125.7 cm2
y = [ 100 * 30 * 15 + (m-1) * ( 7.54 *
7.54 cm2 5.4 + 7.54 * 24.6 ) ] / Ae
1000 = 15 cm

3 3 2
INA = 1/3 * 100 * ( 15 + 15 ) + (m-1) * ( 7.54 * 9.6 + 7.54 * 9.6 2 )
236580.98 4
= cm
Ztop = INA / 15 = 15772.07 cm3
3
scat = 1.2 *10 / Ae= 0.39 kg/sq.cm < 15 kg/sq.cm
scbt = 1.9 * 105 / Z = 12.05 kg/sq.cm < 20 kg/sq.cm
Unity check : 0.39 / 15 + 12.05 / 20 = 0.63 < 1.0
Hence okay

11
Moment My : Radial Steel ( Main Steel )

Max. hogging moment = 2.3 tm/m ( at face of central beams )

Axial tensile stress due to water thrust at the same location = 14 t/m2
So axial tension force = 14 * 0.3 = 4.2 t/m

Max. negative moment = 4.5 tm/m

Axial tensile stress due to water thrust at the same location = 8 t/m2
So axial tension force = 8 * 0.3 = 2.4 t/m

O/a depth reqd. as uncracked section : 2.3 * 105 / ( 3 * 100 ) = 27.7 cm = 277 mm

Provide 300 mm o/a thickness of slab. d= 300 -30 -6 = 264 mm

Top steel :
Ast,reqd (in bending): 2.3 * 105 / ( 1300 * 0.87 * 26.4 ) = 7.71 cm2/m
Ast,reqd (axial tension): 4.2 * 103 / ( 1300 * 2 ) = 1.62 cm2/m/face
2
Total Ast,reqd = 7.71 + 1.62 = 9.33 cm /m
Provide 16 tor @ 180 c/c alth. as radial steel at water face ( = 11.17 cm2/m )

Bottom Steel : d= 300 -30 -6 = 264 mm

Ast,reqd (in bending) : 4.5 * 105 / ( 1900 * 0.89 * 26.4 ) = 10.09 cm2/m
Ast,reqd(axial tension): 4.2 * 103 / ( 1900 * 2 ) = 1.11 2
cm /m/face
Total Ast,reqd = 10.09 + 1.11 = 11.2 cm2/m
Provide 16 tor @ 180 c/c alth. as radial steel at bottom face ( = 11.17 cm2/m )

Check against combined axial tension & bending tension (at water face) :
11.17 Grade of conc. : M 30 Modular ratio , m = 9.333
y cm2 Ae = 100 * 30 + (m-1) * ( 11.17 + 11.17 )
300

NA = 3186.2 cm2
y = [ 100 * 30 * 15 + (m-1) * ( 11.17 *
11.17 cm2 3.6 + 11.17 * 26.4 ) ] / Ae
1000 = 15 cm

3 3 2
INA = 1/3 * 100 * ( 15 + 15 ) + (m-1) * ( 11.17 * 11 + 11.17 * 11.4 2 )
= 249193.25 cm4
Ztop = INA / 15 = 16612.88 cm3
scat = 4.2 *103 / Ae= 1.32 kg/sq.cm < 15 kg/sq.cm
scbt = 2.3 * 105 / Z = 13.85 kg/sq.cm < 20 kg/sq.cm
Unity check : 1.32 / 15 + 13.85 / 20 = 0.79 < 1.0
Hence okay

12
 DESIGN OF THE SIDE WALL OF CLARIFIER

The side wall of clarifier basin is designed against the forces obtained from the staad analysis.

From the stress diagram , maximum vertical BM at base - at face of haunch = 2.16 tm/m

Maximum horizontal moment = 0.56 tm/m

Axial stress due to water thrust at the same location = 37 t/m2 ( Sx values from Staad )
So axial tension force = 37 * 0.25 = 9.25 t/m

O/a depth reqd. as uncracked section = 2.16 * 105 / 3.33 / 100 = 25.5 cm = 255 mm

Provide 250 mm o/a depth. d= 250 -30 -5 = 215 mm

Vertical steel :
Ast,reqd = 2.16 * 105 / ( 1300 * 0.87 * 21.5 ) = 8.89 cm /m
2

Provide 10 tor @ 175 c/c alth and 10 tor @ 175 c/c extra at bottom
as vertical steel at water face ( = 8.98 cm2/m )
At free face provide 8 tor @ 190 c/c c/c alth. ( = 2.65 cm2/m )

2
Min.Ast,reqd = [ 0.3 - (0.3-0.2) / (450-100) * ( 250 - 100 )] * 0.8 / 100 / 2 * 100 * 25 = 2.58 cm /m/face

Horizontal Steel : ( at water face ) For the bottom 2.15 m ( EL + 1.40 m to EL + 3.55 m )
d = 250 -30 -10 -5 = 205 mm
5 2
Ast,reqd (in bending) : 0.56 * 10 / ( 1300 * 0.87 * 20.5 ) = 2.42 cm /m
Ast,reqd(axial tension): 9.25 * 103 / ( 1300 * 2 ) = 2
3.56 cm /m/face
2
Total Ast,reqd = 2.42 + 3.56 = 5.98 cm /m

Provide 10 tor @ 125 c/c alth. as horizontal steel at water face ( = 6.28 cm2/m )

Horizontal Steel : ( at free face ) ( assuming bending tension exists in the outer face also )
d = 250 -30 -10 -5 = 205 mm
Ast,reqd (in bending) : 0.56 * 105 / ( 1900 * 0.89 * 20.5 ) = 1.62 cm /m
2

Ast,reqd(axial tension): 9.25 * 103 / ( 1900 * 2 ) = 2

2.44 cm /m/face
2
Total Ast,reqd = 1.62 + 2.44 = 4.06 cm /m

Provide 10 tor @ 180 c/c alth. as horizontal steel at water face ( = 4.36 cm2/m )

Check against combined axial tension & bending tension :

2
Ast = 4.36 cm considered at both faces to be on conservative side.
Grade of conc.: M 30 Modular ratio, m = 9.333
4.36 4.36 Ae = 25 * 100 + ( m - 1 ) * 2 * 4.3633 = 2573 cm2
1000

2
cm cm2 NA passes through centre.
3 2
INA = 1/12 * 100 * 25 + ( m-1 ) * 2 * 4.36 * 9
= 136099 cm4
3
250 Z = INA / 12.5 = 10888 cm
scat = 9.25 * 103 / Ae = 3.6 kg/sq.cm < 15 kg/sq.cm
3
scbt = 0.56 * 10 / Z = 5.15 kg/sq.cm < 20 kg/sq.cm
Unity check : 3.6 / 15 + 5.15 / 20 = 0.5 < 1.0
Hence okay

13
For top 1.0m of the wall : ( From EL + 4.55m to EL + 3.55 m )

Maximum axial stress due to water thrust = 56 t/m2 = 14 t/m ( load case 12 )
Maximum horizontal moment = at the same location 0.2 tm/m
( hydrodynamic sloshing will not cause hoop tension - so its effect in bending only is considered )

Horizontal Steel : ( at water face )

d = 250 -30 -10 -6 = 204 mm
5 2
Ast,reqd (in bending) : 0.2 * 10 / ( 1300 * 0.87 * 20.4 ) = 0.87 cm /m
3 2
Ast,reqd(axial tension): 14 * 10 / ( 1300 * 2 ) = 5.39 cm /m/face
2
Total Ast,reqd = 0.87 + 5.39 = 6.26 cm /m

Provide 12 tor @ 110 c/c alth. as horizontal steel at water face ( = 10.28 cm2/m )

Horizontal Steel : ( at free face )

d = 250 -30 -8 -5 = 207 mm
5 2
Ast,reqd (in bending) : 0.2 * 10 / ( 1900 * 0.89 * 20.4 ) = 0.58 cm /m
Ast,reqd(axial tension): 14 * 103 / ( 1900 * 2 ) = 2
3.69 cm /m/face
2
Total Ast,reqd = 0.58 + 3.69 = 4.27 cm /m

Provide 10 tor @ 110 c/c alth. as horizontal steel at water face ( = 7.14 cm2/m )

Check against combined axial tension & bending tension :

2
Ast = 7.14 cm considered at both faces to be on conservative side.
Grade of conc.: M 30 Modular ratio, m = 9.333
7.14 7.14 Ae = 25 * 100 + ( m - 1 ) * 2 * 7.14 = 2619 cm2
1000

2
cm cm2 NA passes through centre.
3 2
INA = 1/12 * 100 * 25 + ( m-1 ) * 2 * 7.14 * 7.9
= 137635 cm4
3
250 Z = INA / 12.5 = 11011 cm
scat = 14 * 103 / Ae = 5.35 kg/sq.cm < 15 kg/sq.cm
3
scbt = 0.2 * 10 / Z = 1.82 kg/sq.cm < 20 kg/sq.cm
Unity check : 5.35 / 15 + 1.82 / 20 = 0.45 < 1.0
Hence okay

For the zone 1.0 m to 2.0 m from top ( From EL + 3.55 m to EL + 2.55 m )

Maximum axial stress due to water thrust = 65 t/m2 = 16.25 t/m

Maximum horizontal moment = at the same location 0.1 tm/m

Horizontal Steel : ( at water face )

d = 250 -30 -10 -5 = 205 mm
Ast,reqd (in bending) : 0.1 * 105 / ( 1300 * 0.87 * 20.5 ) =
2
0.44 cm /m
Ast,reqd(axial tension): 16.25 * 103 / ( 1300 * 2 ) = 2
6.25 cm /m/face
2
Total Ast,reqd = 0.44 + 6.25 = 6.69 cm /m

Provide 10 tor @ 110 c/c alth. as horizontal steel at water face ( = 7.14 cm2/m )

14
Horizontal Steel : ( at free face )
d = 250 -30 -8 -5 = 207 mm
5 2
Ast,reqd (in bending) : 0.1 * 10 / ( 1900 * 0.89 * 20.5 ) = 0.29 cm /m
3 2
Ast,reqd(axial tension): 16.25 * 10 / ( 1900 * 2 ) = 4.28 cm /m/face
2
Total Ast,reqd = 0.29 + 4.28 = 4.57 cm /m

Provide 10 tor @ 160 c/c alth. as horizontal steel at water face ( = 4.91 cm2/m )

Check against combined axial tension & bending tension :

2
Ast = 4.91 cm considered at both faces to be on conservative side.
Grade of conc.: M 30 Modular ratio, m = 9.333
4.91 4.91 Ae = 25 * 100 + ( m - 1 ) * 2 * 4.91 = 2582 cm2
1000

2
cm cm2 NA passes through centre.
3 2
INA = 1/12 * 100 * 25 + ( m-1 ) * 2 * 4.91 * 8
= 135446 cm4
3
250 Z = INA / 12.5 = 10836 cm
scat = 16.3 * 103 / Ae = 6.3 kg/sq.cm < 15 kg/sq.cm
3
scbt = 0.1 * 10 / Z = 0.93 kg/sq.cm < 20 kg/sq.cm
Unity check : 6.3 / 15 + 0.93 / 20 = 0.47 < 1.0
Hence okay

15
 DESIGN OF BEAMS MKD B1

The basin beams along the periphery are built integrally with the basin wall.Hence they have a
huge moment of inertia against vertical bending. They are not designed and a nominal 400 x 600 section with
4 - 16 tor at top and bottom alth. and 4L - 8 tor @ 300 c/c is provided.

DESIGN OF BEAMS MKD B4

Design Forces Summary :

Max. moment at internal top = 23 tm at column face
Max. moment at end support top = 19 tm
Max. moment at span = 22 tm
Max. internal span moment = 17 tm
Shear at ends = 25 t

Reinforcement Requirements :

Provide 400 x 725 deep beam with 50 mm clear cover.

d = 725 - 50 -12.5 = 662.5 mm

At internal suppprt top Ast,reqd: 23 * 105 / 1300 / 0.87 / 66.25 = 30.7 cm

2

Provide 2 - 25 + 2 -20 tor alth. & 2 - 25 + 2 - 20 tor extra at internal support top (= 32.2 cm2 )

At end suppprt top Ast,reqd: 19 * 105 / 1300 / 0.87 / 66.25 = 25.4 cm

2

Provide 2 - 25 + 2 -20 tor alth. & 4 - 20 tor extra at end support top (= 28.66 cm2 )

At end span bottom Ast,reqd = 22 * 105 / 1900 / 0.89 / 66.25 = 19.6 cm

2

Provide 4 - 20 tor alth. & 4 - 16 tor extra at end span bottom (= 20.6 cm2 )

At internal span bottom Ast,reqd = 17 * 105 / 1900 / 0.89 / 66.25 = 15.2 cm

2

Provide 4 - 20 tor alth. & 4 - 16 tor extra at internal span bottom (= 20.12 cm2 )
Shear :
2
pt=100* 28.66 / 40 / 66.25 = 1.08 %, tc = 0.37 N/mm (Table 80,SP-16)
-4
tcbd = 0.37 * 400 * 662.5 *10 = 9.81 t
L
With 4 - 10 tor @ 200 c/c at supports, Vs = 1750* 66.25 * 4 * 0.785 / 20 / 103
= 18.2 t
Total shear capacity = 9.81 + 18.2 = 28.01 t > 25 t. Hence okay.
At other places provide 2L - 10 tor @ 300 c/c

16
UNCRACKED STRESS CHECK AT WATER FACE
Conc.grade = M 30 Modulur ratio = 9.333

900 400 900

y Ae = 220 * 30 + 42.5 * 40
300 + 8.333333 * ( 32.2 + 20.1 )
NA = 8736 cm2
20.12 425 y=( 220 * 30 * 15 + 42.5
32.2 cm2 * 40 * 51.25 + 8.33 * 32.2
cm2 * 6.25 + 8.3333 * 20.1 * 66.25 )
/ Ae = 22.8 cm
3 3 3
INA = 220 * 22.8 /3 + 2/3 * 90 * 7.2 + 1/3 * 40 * 49.7 + 8.3333 *
2 2 4
( 32.2 * 16.55 + 20.12 * 43.45 ) = 2918449.16 cm
3
ZTOP = INA / 22.8 = 128002.16 cm
5
Stress at waterface = 23 * 10 / ZTOP = 17.97 kg/sq.cm < 20 kg/sq.cm
Hence okay.

DESIGN OF BEAMS MKD B5

Design Forces Summary :

Max. moment at internal support top = 23.5 tm
Max. moment at end support top = 11 tm
Max. moment at span = 23 tm
Shear at ends = 26 t

Reinforcement Requirements :

Provide 400 x 725 deep beam with 50 mm clear cover.

d = 725 - 50 -12.5 = 662.5 mm

5 2
At internal suppprt top Ast,reqd: 23.5 * 10 / 1300 / 0.87 / 66.25 = 31.4 cm
Provide 4 - 25 tor alth. & 4 - 25 tor extra at internal support top ( = 32.2 cm2 )

At end suppprt top Ast,reqd: 11 * 105 / 1300 / 0.87 / 66.25 = 14.7 cm

2

Provide 4 - 25 tor alth. & 2 - 20 tor extra at end support top ( = 25.9 cm2 )

At end span bottom Ast,reqd = 23 * 105 / 1900 / 0.89 / 66.25 = 20.5 cm

2

Provide 4 - 20 tor alth. & 4 - 16 tor extra at end span bottom ( = 20.6 cm2 )

Shear :
2
pt=100* 25.92 / 40 / 66.25 = 0.98 %, tc = 0.37 N/mm (Table 80,SP-16)
-4
tcbd = 0.37 * 400 * 662.5 *10 = 9.81 t
With 4L- 10 tor @ 200 c/c at supports, Vs = 1750* 66.25 * 4 * 0.785 / 20 / 103
= 18.2 t
Total shear capacity = 9.81 + 18.2 = 28.01 t > 26 t. Hence okay.
L
At other places provide 2 - 10 tor @ 300 c/c

17
UNCRACKED STRESS CHECK AT WATER FACE
Conc.grade = M 30 Modulur ratio = 9.333

900 400 900

y Ae = 220 * 30 + 42.5 * 40
300 + 8.333333 * ( 32.2 + 12.6 )
NA = 8673 cm2
12.56 425 y=( 220 * 30 * 15 + 42.5
32.2 cm2 * 40 * 51.25 + 8.33 * 32.2
cm2 * 6.25 + 8.3333 * 12.6 * 66.25 )
/ Ae = 22.5 cm
3 3 3
INA = 220 * 22.5 /3 + 2/3 * 90 * 7.5 + 1/3 * 40 * 50 + 8.3333 *
2 2 4
( 32.2 * 16.25 + 12.56 * 43.75 ) = 2798486.98 cm
3
ZTOP = INA / 22.5 = 124377.2 cm
5
Stress at waterface = 23.5 * 10 / ZTOP = 18.89 kg/sq.cm < 20 kg/sq.cm
Hence okay.

DESIGN OF BEAMS MKD B6

Design Forces Summary :

Max. moment at internal top = 12 tm
Max. moment at end support top = 12 tm
Max. moment at span = 23 tm
Shear at ends = 18.5 t

Reinforcement Requirements :

Provide 400 x 725 deep beam with 50 mm clear cover.

d = 725 - 50 -12.5 = 662.5 mm

At internal suppprt top Ast,reqd: 12 * 105 / 1300 / 0.87 / 66.25 = 16 cm2

Provide 2 - 20 + 2 -16 tor alth. & 2 - 20 + 2 - 16 tor extra at internal support top ( = 20.6 cm2 )

At end suppprt top Ast,reqd: 12 * 105 / 1300 / 0.87 / 66.25 = 16 cm2

Provide 4 - 20 tor alth. & 2 - 20 tor extra at end support top ( = 18.8 cm2 )

At end span bottom Ast,reqd = 23 * 105 / 1900 / 0.89 / 66.25 = 20.5 cm

2

Provide 4 - 20 tor alth. & 4 - 16 tor extra at end span bottom ( = 20.6 cm2 )

Shear :
2
pt=100* 18.84 / 40 / 66.25 = 0.71 %, tc = 0.36 N/mm (Table 80,SP-16)
-4
tcbd = 0.36 * 400 * 662.5 *10 = 9.54 t
With 4L- 8 tor @ 200 c/c at supports, Vs = 1750* 66.25 * 4 * 0.503 / 20 / 103
= 11.66 t
Total shear capacity = 9.54 + 11.66 = 21.2 t > 18.5 t. Hence okay.
L
At other places provide 2 - 8 tor @ 300 c/c

18
UNCRACKED STRESS CHECK AT WATER FACE
Conc.grade = M 30 Modulur ratio = 9.333

900 400 900

y Ae = 220 * 30 + 42.5 * 40
300 + 8.333333 * ( 20.6 + 12.6 )
NA = 8576.33 cm2
12.56 425 y=( 220 * 30 * 15 + 42.5
20.6 cm2 * 40 * 51.25 + 8.33 * 20.6
cm2 * 6.25 + 8.3333 * 12.6 * 66.25 )
/ Ae = 22.6 cm
3 3 3
INA = 220 * 22.6 /3 + 2/3 * 90 * 7.4 + 1/3 * 40 * 49.9 + 8.3333 *
2 2 4
( 20.6 * 16.35 + 12.56 * 43.65 ) = 2772813.78 cm
3
ZTOP = INA / 22.6 = 122690.88 cm
5
Stress at waterface = 12 * 10 / ZTOP = 9.78 kg/sq.cm < 20 kg/sq.cm
Hence okay.

DESIGN OF BEAMS MKD B7

Design Forces Summary :

Max. moment at support top = 3 tm
Max. moment at span = 1 tm
Shear at ends = 2.5 t

Reinforcement Requirements :

Provide 400 x 400 deep beam with 50 mm clear cover.

d = 400 - 50 -12.5 = 337.5 mm

At suppprt top Ast,reqd: 3 * 105 / 1300 / 0.87 / 33.75 = 7.86 cm

2

Provide 4 - 16 tor alth. at top ( = 8.04 cm2 )

At span bottom Ast,reqd = 1 * 105 / 1900 / 0.89 / 33.75 = 1.75 cm

2

Provide 4 - 16 tor alth. at bottom ( = 8.04 cm2 )

Shear :
2
pt=100* 8.04 / 40 / 33.75 = 0.6 %, tc = 0.33 N/mm (Table 80,SP-16)
-4
tcbd = 0.33 * 400 * 337.5 *10 = 4.46 t
With 2L- 8 tor @ 250 c/c at supports, Vs = 1750* 33.75 * 2 * 0.503 / 25 / 103
= 2.38 t
Total shear capacity = 4.46 + 2.38 = 6.84 t > 2.5 t. Hence okay.
L
At other places provide 2 - 8 tor @ 300 c/c

19
UNCRACKED STRESS CHECK AT WATER FACE
Conc.grade = M 30 Modulur ratio = 9.333

900 400 900

y Ae = 220 * 30 + 10 * 40
300 + 8.333 * ( 8.04 + 12.6 )
NA = 7171.66 cm2
12.56 100 y=( 220 * 30 * 15 + 10
8.04 cm2 * 40 * 35 + 8.33 * 8.04
cm2 * 6.25 + 8.333 * 12.6 * 33.75 )
/ Ae = 16.3 cm
3 3 3
INA = 220 * 16.3 /3 + 2/3 * 90 * 13.7 + 1/3 * 40 * 23.7 + 8.333 *
2 2 4
( 8.04 * 10.05 + 12.56 * 17.45 ) = 688000.22 cm
3
ZTOP = INA / 16.3 = 42208.6 cm
5
Stress at waterface = 3 * 10 / ZTOP = 7.11 kg/sq.cm < 20 kg/sq.cm
Hence okay.

DESIGN OF BEAMS MKD B2

Design Forces Summary :

Max. moment at support top = 3 tm
Max. moment at span = 10 tm
Shear at ends = 1 t

Reinforcement Requirements :

Provide 400 x 400 deep beam with 50 mm clear cover.

d = 400 - 50 -12.5 = 337.5 mm

At suppprt top Ast,reqd: 3 * 105 / 1300 / 0.87 / 33.75 = 7.86 cm

2

Provide 4 - 16 tor alth. at top ( = 8.04 cm2 )

At span bottom Ast,reqd = 10 * 105 / 1900 / 0.89 / 33.75 = 17.5 cm

2

Provide 4 - 16 tor alth. at bottom ( = 8.04 cm2 )

Shear :
2
pt=100* 8.04 / 40 / 33.75 = 0.6 %, tc = 0.43 N/mm (Table 80,SP-16)
-4
tcbd = 0.43 * 400 * 337.5 *10 = 5.81 t
With 2L- 8 tor @ 200 c/c at supports, Vs = 1750* 33.75 * 2 * 0.503 / 20 / 103
= 2.97 t
Total shear capacity = 5.81 + 2.97 = 8.78 t > 1 t. Hence okay.
L
At other places provide 2 - 8 tor @ 300 c/c

20
UNCRACKED STRESS CHECK AT WATER FACE
Conc.grade = M 30 Modulur ratio = 9.33

900 400 900

y Ae = 220 * 30 + 10 * 40
300 + 8.33 * ( 8.04 + 8.04 )
NA = 7133.95 cm2
8.04 100 y=( 220 * 30 * 15 + 10
8.04 cm2 * 40 * 35 + 8.33 * 8.04
cm2 * 6.25 + 8.33 * 8.04 * 33.75 )
/ Ae = 16.2 cm
3 3 3
INA = 220 * 16.2 /3 + 2/3 * 90 * 13.8 + 1/3 * 40 * 23.8 + 8.33 *
2 2 4
( 8.04 * 9.95 + 8.04 * 17.55 ) = 676471.76 cm
3
ZTOP = INA / 16.2 = 41757.52 cm
5
Stress at waterface = 3 * 10 / ZTOP = 7.18 kg/sq.cm < 20 kg/sq.cm
Hence okay.

DESIGN OF BEAMS MKD B3

Design Forces Summary :

Max. moment at support top = 2 tm
Max. moment at span = 1 tm
Shear at ends = 3 t

Reinforcement Requirements :

Provide 400 x 400 deep beam with 50 mm clear cover.

d = 400 - 50 -12.5 = 337.5 mm

At suppprt top Ast,reqd: 2 * 105 / 1300 / 0.87 / 33.75 = 5.24 cm

2

Provide 4 - 16 tor alth. at support top ( = 8.04 cm2 )

At span bottom Ast,reqd = 1 * 105 / 1900 / 0.89 / 33.75 = 1.75 cm

2

Provide 4 - 16 tor alth. at bottom ( = 8.04 cm2 )

Shear :
2
pt=100* 8.04 / 40 / 33.75 = 0.6 %, tc = 0.43 N/mm (Table 80,SP-16)
-4
tcbd = 0.43 * 400 * 337.5 *10 = 5.81 t
With 2L- 8 tor @ 200 c/c at supports, Vs = 1750* 33.75 * 2 * 0.503 / 20 / 103
= 2.97 t
Total shear capacity = 5.81 + 2.97 = 8.78 t > 3 t. Hence okay.
L
At other places provide 2 - 8 tor @ 300 c/c

21
UNCRACKED STRESS CHECK AT WATER FACE
Conc.grade = M 30 Modulur ratio = 9.33

900 400 900

y Ae = 220 * 30 + 10 * 40
300 + 8.33 * ( 8.04 + 8.04 )
NA = 7133.95 cm2
8.04 100 y=( 220 * 30 * 15 + 10
8.04 cm2 * 40 * 35 + 8.33 * 8.04
cm2 * 6.25 + 8.33 * 8.04 * 33.75 )
/ Ae = 16.2 cm
3 3 3
INA = 220 * 16.2 /3 + 2/3 * 90 * 13.8 + 1/3 * 40 * 23.8 + 8.33 *
2 2 4
( 8.04 * 9.95 + 8.04 * 17.55 ) = 676471.76 cm
3
ZTOP = INA / 16.2 = 41757.52 cm
5
Stress at waterface = 2 * 10 / ZTOP = 4.79 kg/sq.cm < 20 kg/sq.cm
Hence okay.

DESIGN OF BEAMS MKD B8

Design Forces Summary :

Max. moment at support top = 1 tm
Max. moment at span = 1 tm
Shear at ends = 2 t

Reinforcement Requirements :

Provide 400 x 400 deep beam with 50 mm clear cover.

d = 400 - 50 -12.5 = 337.5 mm

At suppprt top Ast,reqd: 1 * 105 / 1300 / 0.87 / 33.75 = 2.62 cm

2

Provide 3 - 16 tor alth. at top ( = 6.03 cm2 )

At span bottom Ast,reqd = 1 * 105 / 1900 / 0.89 / 33.75 = 1.75 cm

2

Provide 3 - 16 tor alth. at bottom ( = 6.03 cm2 )

Shear :
2
pt=100* 6.03 / 40 / 33.75 = 0.45 %, tc = 0.33 N/mm (Table 80,SP-16)
-4
tcbd = 0.33 * 400 * 337.5 *10 = 4.46 t
With 2L- 8 tor @ 250 c/c at supports, Vs = 1750* 33.75 * 2 * 0.503 / 25 / 103
= 2.38 t
Total shear capacity = 4.46 + 2.38 = 6.84 t > 2 t. Hence okay.
L
At other places provide 2 - 8 tor @ 300 c/c

22
UNCRACKED STRESS CHECK AT WATER FACE
Conc.grade = M 30 Modulur ratio = 9.333

900 400 900

y Ae = 220 * 30 + 10 * 40
300 + 8.333333 * ( 6.03 + 6.03 )
NA = 7100.5 cm2
6.03 100 y=( 220 * 30 * 15 + 10
6.03 cm2 * 40 * 35 + 8.33 * 6.03
cm2 * 6.25 + 8.3333 * 6.03 * 33.75 )
/ Ae = 16.2 cm
3 3 3
INA = 220 * 16.2 /3 + 2/3 * 90 * 13.8 + 1/3 * 40 * 23.8 + 8.3333 *
2 2 4
( 6.03 * 9.95 + 6.03 * 17.55 ) = 669665.33 cm
3
ZTOP = INA / 16.2 = 41337.37 cm
5
Stress at waterface = 1 * 10 / ZTOP = 2.42 kg/sq.cm < 20 kg/sq.cm
Hence okay.

23
 DESIGN OF BEAMS MKD TB1

Maxm. Support Moment = 3 tm Design Forces :

Maxm. Span Moment = 2 tm. Maxm. Support Moment = 3.24 tm
Maxm. Shear Force = 3 t. Maxm. Span Moment = 2.24 tm.
Axial load (compressive) = 0 t Maxm. Shear Force = 3.64 t.
Torsional moment = 0.2 tm
Grade of Concrete = M 30
Eq. BM due to torsion = 0.235 tm Grade of steel = Fe 500
Eq. Shear due to torsion = 0.64 t

Beam Size = 500 x 500 Clear cover = 50 mm => d = 442.0 mm

At support : .
Mu/bd2 = 0.5 N/mm2 => pt = 0.12 % Ast reqd = 2.57 cm2 .

Provide 4 - 16 tor + 0- 0 tor alth at top and 0- 0 tor extra at support top
At support: Astprovided = 8.04 cm2
At span :
Mu/bd2 = 0.34 N/mm2 => pt = 0.08 % Ast reqd = 1.77 cm2 .

Provide 4 - 16 tor + 0- 0 tor alth at bottom and 0- 0 tor extra at span bottom
At span : Astprovided = 8.04 cm2
Shear Force :
Maxm shear force = 3.64 t. Grade of steel = Fe 415
( for shear calculations )
pt = 0.36 % => tc = 0.43 N/mm2 . =>tc.b.d = 9.6 t.

With 4 - L 8 tor @ 300 c/c , Vs = 10.7 t tv = 0.25 N/mm2 .

Total shear capacity = 20.3 t > Factored shear force = 1.5 * 3.64 = 5.46 t.

DESIGN OF BEAMS MKD TB2

Maxm. Support Moment = 2 tm Design Forces :

Maxm. Span Moment = 2 tm. Maxm. Support Moment = 2.27 tm
Maxm. Shear Force = 2 t. Maxm. Span Moment = 2.27 tm.
Axial load (compressive) = 0 t Maxm. Shear Force = 3.07 t.
Torsional moment = 0.2 tm
Grade of Concrete = M 30
Eq. BM due to torsion = 0.275 tm Grade of steel = Fe 500
Eq. Shear due to torsion = 1.067 t

Beam Size = 300 x 400 Clear cover = 50 mm => d = 328.0 mm

At support : .
Mu/bd2 = 1.06 N/mm2 => pt = 0.25 % Ast reqd = 2.5 cm2 .

Provide 3 - 16 tor + 0- 0 tor alth at top and 2 - 12 tor extra at support top
At support: Astprovided = 8.29 cm2
At span :
Mu/bd2 = 1.06 N/mm2 => pt = 0.25 % Ast reqd = 2.5 cm2 .

Provide 3 - 16 tor + 0- 0 tor alth at bottom and 0- 0 tor extra at span bottom
At span : Astprovided = 6.03 cm2
Shear Force :
Maxm shear force = 3.067 t. Grade of steel = Fe 415
( for shear calculations )
pt = 0.84 % => tc = 0.61 N/mm2 . =>tc.b.d = 6.04 t.

With 2 - L 8 tor @ 200 c/c , Vs = 5.95 t tv = 0.47 N/mm2 .

Total shear capacity = 12 t > Factored shear force = 1.5 * 3.07 = 4.6 t.

24
 DESIGN OF BEAMS MKD TB3

Maxm. Support Moment = 2.5 tm Design Forces :

Maxm. Span Moment = 1 tm. Maxm. Support Moment = 2.77 tm
Maxm. Shear Force = 2 t. Maxm. Span Moment = 1.27 tm.
Axial load (compressive) = 0 t Maxm. Shear Force = 3.07 t.
Torsional moment = 0.2 tm
Grade of Concrete = M 30
Eq. BM due to torsion = 0.275 tm Grade of steel = Fe 500
Eq. Shear due to torsion = 1.067 t ** at face of pile cap

Beam Size = 300 x 400 Clear cover = 50 mm => d = 328.0 mm

At support : .
Mu/bd2 = 1.29 N/mm2 => pt = 0.31 % Ast reqd = 3.08 cm2 .

Provide 3 - 16 tor + 0- 0 tor alth at top and 2 - 12 tor extra at support top
At support: Astprovided = 8.29 cm2
At span :
Mu/bd2 = 0.59 N/mm2 => pt = 0.14 % Ast reqd = 1.37 cm2 .

Provide 3 - 16 tor + 0- 0 tor alth at bottom and 0- 0 tor extra at span bottom
At span : Astprovided = 6.03 cm2
Shear Force :
Maxm shear force = 3.067 t. Grade of steel = Fe 415
( for shear calculations )
pt = 0.84 % => tc = 0.61 N/mm2 . =>tc.b.d = 6.04 t.

With 2 - L 8 tor @ 200 c/c , Vs = 5.95 t tv = 0.47 N/mm2 .

Total shear capacity = 12 t > Factored shear force = 1.5 * 3.07 = 4.6 t.

DESIGN OF BEAMS MKD TB4 (ZONE C1 TO C3)

Maxm. Support Moment = 2.5 tm Design Forces :

Maxm. Span Moment = 0.5 tm. Maxm. Support Moment = 2.5 tm
Maxm. Shear Force = 2 t. Maxm. Span Moment = 0.5 tm.
Axial load (compressive) = 0 t Maxm. Shear Force = 2.01 t.
Torsional moment = 0.001 tm
Grade of Concrete = M 30
Eq. BM due to torsion = 0.001 tm Grade of steel = Fe 500
Eq. Shear due to torsion = 0.005 t

Beam Size = 300 x 400 Clear cover = 50 mm => d = 342.0 mm

At support : .
Mu/bd2 = 1.07 N/mm2 => pt = 0.26 % Ast reqd = 2.64 cm2 .

Provide 3 - 16 tor + 0- 0 tor alth at top and 0- 0 tor extra at support top
At support: Astprovided = 6.03 cm2
At span :
Mu/bd2 = 0.21 N/mm2 => pt = 0.05 % Ast reqd = 0.51 cm2 .

Provide 3 - 16 tor + 0- 0 tor alth at bottom and 0- 0 tor extra at span bottom
At span : Astprovided = 6.03 cm2
Shear Force :
Maxm shear force = 2.005 t. Grade of steel = Fe 415
( for shear calculations )
pt = 0.59 % => tc = 0.53 N/mm2 . =>tc.b.d = 5.45 t.

With 2 - L 8 tor @ 200 c/c , Vs = 6.21 t tv = 0.29 N/mm2 .

Total shear capacity = 11.7 t > Factored shear force = 1.5 * 2.01 = 3.01 t.

25
 DESIGN OF BEAMS MKD TB4 (ZONE C3 TO CF1)

Maxm. Support Moment = 8 tm Design Forces :

Maxm. Span Moment = 5 tm. Maxm. Support Moment = 8.14 tm
Maxm. Shear Force = 6 t. Maxm. Span Moment = 5.14 tm.
Axial load (compressive) = 0 t Maxm. Shear Force = 6.53 t.
Torsional moment = 0.1 tm
Grade of Concrete = M 30
Eq. BM due to torsion = 0.137 tm Grade of steel = Fe 500
Eq. Shear due to torsion = 0.533 t

Beam Size = 300 x 400 Clear cover = 50 mm => d = 326.0 mm

At support : .
2
Mu/bd = 3.83 N/mm2 => pt = 1.07 % Ast reqd = 10.5 cm2 .

Provide 3 - 16 tor + 0- 0 tor alth at top and 3 - 16 tor extra at support top
At support: Astprovided = 12.1 cm2
At span :
Mu/bd2 = 2.42 N/mm2 => pt = 0.62 % Ast reqd = 6.06 cm2 .

Provide 3 - 16 tor + 0- 0 tor alth at bottom and 2 - 16 tor extra at span bottom
At span : Astprovided = 10.1 cm2
Shear Force :
Maxm shear force = 6.533 t. Grade of steel = Fe 415
( for shear calculations )
pt = 1.23 % => tc = 0.71 N/mm2 . =>tc.b.d = 6.94 t.

With 2 - L 8 tor @ 200 c/c , Vs = 5.92 t tv = 1 N/mm2 .

Total shear capacity = 12.9 t > Factored shear force = 1.5 * 6.53 = 9.8 t.

26
 DESIGN OF BEAMS MKD TB5

Maxm. Support Moment = 2.5 tm Design Forces :

Maxm. Span Moment = 1 tm. Maxm. Support Moment = 2.64 tm
Maxm. Shear Force = 2 t. Maxm. Span Moment = 1.14 tm.
Axial load (compressive) = 0 t Maxm. Shear Force = 2.53 t.
Torsional moment = 0.1 tm
Grade of Concrete = M 30
Eq. BM due to torsion = 0.137 tm Grade of steel = Fe 500
Eq. Shear due to torsion = 0.533 t

Beam Size = 300 x 400 Clear cover = 50 mm => d = 342.0 mm

At support : .
Mu/bd2 = 1.13 N/mm2 => pt = 0.27 % Ast reqd = 2.79 cm2 .

Provide 3 - 16 tor + 0- 0 tor alth at top and 0- 0 tor extra at support top
At support: Astprovided = 6.03 cm2
At span :
Mu/bd2 = 0.49 N/mm2 => pt = 0.11 % Ast reqd = 1.17 cm2 .

Provide 3 - 16 tor + 0- 0 tor alth at bottom and 0- 0 tor extra at span bottom
At span : Astprovided = 6.03 cm2
Shear Force :
Maxm shear force = 2.533 t. Grade of steel = Fe 415
( for shear calculations )
pt = 0.59 % => tc = 0.53 N/mm2 . =>tc.b.d = 5.45 t.

With 2 - L 8 tor @ 200 c/c , Vs = 6.21 t tv = 0.37 N/mm2 .

Total shear capacity = 11.7 t > Factored shear force = 1.5 * 2.53 = 3.8 t.

DESIGN OF BEAMS MKD TB6

Maxm. Support Moment = 2 tm Design Forces :

Maxm. Span Moment = 1 tm. Maxm. Support Moment = 2.14 tm
Maxm. Shear Force = 2 t. Maxm. Span Moment = 1.14 tm.
Axial load (compressive) = 0 t Maxm. Shear Force = 2.53 t.
Torsional moment = 0.1 tm
Grade of Concrete = M 30
Eq. BM due to torsion = 0.137 tm Grade of steel = Fe 500
Eq. Shear due to torsion = 0.533 t

Beam Size = 300 x 400 Clear cover = 50 mm => d = 342.0 mm

At support : .
Mu/bd2 = 0.91 N/mm2 => pt = 0.22 % Ast reqd = 2.24 cm2 .

Provide 3 - 16 tor + 0- 0 tor alth at top and 0- 0 tor extra at support top
At support: Astprovided = 6.03 cm2
At span :
Mu/bd2 = 0.49 N/mm2 => pt = 0.11 % Ast reqd = 1.17 cm2 .

Provide 3 - 16 tor + 0- 0 tor alth at bottom and 0- 0 tor extra at span bottom
At span : Astprovided = 6.03 cm2
Shear Force :
Maxm shear force = 2.533 t. Grade of steel = Fe 415
( for shear calculations )
pt = 0.59 % => tc = 0.53 N/mm2 . =>tc.b.d = 5.45 t.

With 2 - L 8 tor @ 200 c/c , Vs = 6.21 t tv = 0.37 N/mm2 .

Total shear capacity = 11.7 t > Factored shear force = 1.5 * 2.53 = 3.8 t.

27
 DESIGN OF COLUMNS MKD C1

All forces are unfactored forces.

Critical vertical load P = 60 t Torsional moment : 0 tm

Moment Mx = 12 tm Moment My = 11 tm

Equivalent Mx = 0 tm Equivalent My = 0 tm Y-Y D

Total Mx = 12 tm Total My = 11 tm B
X-X
Section Provided = 500 x 500
(B) x (D)

Clear Cover = 50 mm Grade of Concrete: M 30 Steel Grade = Fe 500

With 8 nos 20 + 8 nos 20 tor bars

Ast provided = 5027 mm2 . p= 2.01 % =>p/fck = 0.07

d' / B = 0.12 d' / D = 0.12 Pu / fck.b.D = 0.12

Refer Chart 45 for d'/B = 0.15 Refer Chart 45 for d'/D = 0.15

Mux1 / fck.D.b2 = 0.11 Muy1 / fck.b.D2 = 0.11

=> Mux1 = 41.3 tm => Muy1 = 41.3 tm

Mux / Mux1 = 0.44 Muz / Muz1 = 0.4

Puz = 428 t =>Pu/Puz = 0.21 a= 1.02

Unity check = 0.82 < 1.0 Hence okay

28
 DESIGN OF COLUMNS MKD C2

All forces are unfactored forces.

Critical vertical load P = 60 t Torsional moment : 0 tm

Moment Mx = 12 tm Moment My = 8 tm

Equivalent Mx = 0 tm Equivalent My = 0 tm Y-Y D

Total Mx = 12 tm Total My = 8 tm B
X-X
Section Provided = 500 x 500
(B) x (D)

Clear Cover = 50 mm Grade of Concrete: M 30 Steel Grade = Fe 500

With 8 nos 16 + 8 nos 16 tor bars

Ast provided = 3217 mm2 . p= 1.29 % =>p/fck = 0.04

d' / B = 0.12 d' / D = 0.12 Pu / fck.b.D = 0.12

Refer Chart 45 for d'/B = 0.15 Refer Chart 45 for d'/D = 0.15

Mux1 / fck.D.b2 = 0.08 Muy1 / fck.b.D2 = 0.08

=> Mux1 = 30 tm => Muy1 = 30 tm

Mux / Mux1 = 0.6 Muz / Muz1 = 0.4

Puz = 396 t =>Pu/Puz = 0.23 a= 1.05

Unity check = 0.97 < 1.0 Hence okay

29
 DESIGN OF COLUMNS MKD C3

All forces are unfactored forces.

Critical vertical load P = 73 t Torsional moment : 0.12 tm

Moment Mx = 12 tm Moment My = 4 tm

Equivalent Mx = 0.14 tm Equivalent My = 0.14 tm Y-Y D

Total Mx = 12.1 tm Total My = 4.14 tm B

X-X
Section Provided = 500 x 500
(B) x (D)

Clear Cover = 50 mm Grade of Concrete: M 30 Steel Grade = Fe 500

With 8 nos 16 + 8 nos 16 tor bars

Ast provided = 3217 mm2 . p= 1.29 % =>p/fck = 0.04

d' / B = 0.12 d' / D = 0.12 Pu / fck.b.D = 0.15

Refer Chart 45 for d'/B = 0.15 Refer Chart 45 for d'/D = 0.15

Mux1 / fck.D.b2 = 0.08 Muy1 / fck.b.D2 = 0.08

=> Mux1 = 30 tm => Muy1 = 30 tm

Mux / Mux1 = 0.61 Muz / Muz1 = 0.21

Puz = 396 t =>Pu/Puz = 0.28 a= 1.13

Unity check = 0.74 < 1.0 Hence okay

30
 Sheet No.___
Rev. No. ___

DESIGN OF COLUMNS MKD C3A

All forces are unfactored forces. ( The values are negligibly small - higher values assumed )

Critical vertical load P = 12 t Torsional moment : 0 tm

Moment Mx = 1 tm Moment My = 1 tm

Equivalent Mx = 0 tm Equivalent My = 0 tm Y-Y D

Total Mx = 1 tm Total My = 1 tm B
X-X
Section Provided = 300 x 300
(B) x (D)

Clear Cover = 50 mm Grade of Concrete: M 30 Steel Grade = Fe 500

With 4 nos 12 + 4 nos 12 tor bars

Ast provided = 904.8 mm2 . p= 1.005 % =>p/fck = 0.034

d' / B = 0.19 d' / D = 0.19 Pu / fck.b.D = 0.07

Refer Chart 46 for d'/B = 0.20 Refer Chart 46 for d'/D = 0.20

Mux1 / fck.D.b2 = 0.055 Muy1 / fck.b.D2 = 0.055

=> Mux1 = 4.455 tm => Muy1 = 4.455 tm

Mux / Mux1 = 0.337 Muz / Muz1 = 0.337

Puz = 137.9 t =>Pu/Puz = 0.131 a= 1

Unity check = 0.673 < 1.0 Hence okay

 DESIGN OF PILE CAPS

Single pile caps are provided for each pile. These pile caps are tied by beams in both directions.

For the outermost row pile caps tied by circular beam TB1 pile cap type PC1 are provided.

For this row maximum reaction under static loads i.e. dead & live loads = 65 tons

Size of pile cap : 900 square x 800 mm depth

Selfweight of the pile caps are not added as the Staad file already accounts for considerable
overloading in case of selfweights as the junctions are considered in full for each element without
accounting for the reduction for the overlapping members.
As per Geotechnical report for
Allowable pile capacity = 91.57 tons for static loads
80.77 34 m pile shaft length
26

and during seismic loads allowable capacity = 1.25 * 91.57 =

80.77 101
114.5 tons

For second row of piles tied by circular beam TB2 , maximum vertical loads
= 75 tons

For third row of piles tied by circular beam TB3 , maximum vertical loads
= 79 tons

For the innermost pile cap for the channel,

Loads from Static Conditions )
total vertical reactions for the nodes = 444 tons
Load due to machine 30 tons node 3 94.8 tons
node 49807 78.3 tons
node 49235 92.6 tons
node 49329 94.06 tons
So net vertical load = 444 + 30 = 474 tons node 49486 83.4 tons

No. of piles provided = 6 Total = 443.2 tons

Hence maximum vertical load per pile = 79 tons

Pile capacity provided = 91.57 tons

80.77

Hence safe (Seismic loads in vertical direction at center should be ideally zero - hence ignored.)

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 SECTIONAL DESIGN OF PILE CAPS

Single pile caps are provided below each pile.

This implies that the pile caps will only be subjected to axial loads from the RCC frames.
Maximum load on the pile cap considered for design is the pile capacity = 91.57 tons

Pile cap size = 900 mm x 900 mm x 800 depth

Axial compression stress against factored load = 1.5 * 91.57 * 103 / ( 90 * 90 ) = 16.96 kg/cm2.

2
For M30 concrete allowable axial stress = 0.4*f ck = 12 Mpa = 120 kg/cm .

Hence nominal reinforcement is to be provided.

With 12 tor @ 100 c/c U type bars provided bothways,

As provided vertically = 32 nos 12 tor = 3619 sqmm

Compression capacity = 0.4 fck * Ac + 0.67 * fy * Asc

= 0.4 * 30 * ( 900*900 - 3619 ) + 0.67 * 500 * 3619 N

= 10888937 N = 1089 tons

Hence the reinforcement provided is okay

Provide four lateral rings of 12 tor to tie up the bars within the cap depth

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DESIGN OF WORKING PILES ( 600 MM DIA )

A. FOR VERTICAL COMPRESSION ONLY

Grade of Concrete = M 25 Grade of Steel = Fe 500

Pile diameter, D= 600 mm Clear cover (to all r/f) = 50 mm

Maximum safe working load = 91.57 t Load factor for working pile design = 1.5
As per Soil Report compn.
( using cap.
piles of of34
26piles is 80.77t
m shaft but piles
length ) are designed with 91.57t to be on conservative side.
Hence design load = 1.5 * 91.57 = 137 t

C/s area of pile , Ac = 2827 sq cm

Reinforcement provided in pile = 4 nos 16 tor + 4 nos 16 tor

i.e. As = 16 sq cm Pt = 0.57 %

Refer Cl. 39.3 of IS:456-2000,

Pu = 0.4. fck . Ac + 0.67. fy . As = 0.4 * 250 * 2827 + 0.67 * 5000 * 16

= 336300 Kg = 336 t > 137.355 t

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B FOR LATERAL LOAD AND MAXIMUM VERTICAL COMPRESSION
(Refer IS:2911 Part 1/Sec 2, Appendix C )
Maximum horizontal base shear = 214 t Total no. of piles provided = 85
( 3 piles provided for sludge pit ignored)
Lateral load per pile during seismic loads = 2.52 t

Let us consider design lateral load = 3.9 t ( conservatively considered on higher side)

Maximum factored working load , Pu = 137 t ( Considering full vertical capacity)

Factored lateral load , Qu = 1.5 * 3.9 = 5.85 t

Hence, Lf = 718 cm =
721 7.18 m
7.21 ( depth of fixity as per Soil report )

Total cantilever length, L1 + Lf = 7.21

7.18 m

Moment , Mf = Q * (L1 + Lf )/2 = 21 tm

Moment reduction factor , m = 0.82 Refer Fig 3B for fixed head piles

Maximum factored design Moment, Mu = 17.2 tm

Mu / fck. d3 = 0.03 d' / d = 0.11

Pu / fck. d2 = 0.15 From SP:16, Chart 60, p/f ck reqd = 0.01

p reqd = 0.25 % Ast reqd = 7.07 cm2 .

Reinforcement provided in pile = 4 nos 16 tor + 4 nos 16 tor

i.e. As = 16 sq cm

Minimum reinforcement reqd = 0.4 % = 11.3 cm2 .

(Refer IS:2911 Part 1/Sec 2, Cl. 5.11.1 )

Hence provide 8 nos 16 tor alth at bottom i.e. As provided = 16.1 cm2 .

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C. FOR LATERAL LOAD AND MINIMUM VERTICAL COMPRESSION
(Refer IS:2911 Part 1/Sec 2, Appendix C )

Design lateral load per pile conservatively considered = 3.9 t

Minimum vertical load on the piles = 75 t ( for the second row of piles from Staad
support reactions )
Factored lateral load , Qu = 1.5 * 3.9 = 5.85 t

Factored vertical load , Pu = 1.5 * 75 = 113 t

Depth of fixity = 7.21

7.18 m => Moment =7.18
7.21 * 3.9 = 28 tm

Moment reduction factor = 0.82

Factored design moment after reduction = 23 tm

Mu / fck. d3 = 0.04 d' / d = 0.11

Pu / fck. d2 = 0.13 From SP:16, Chart 60, p/f ck reqd = 0.01

p reqd = 0.25 % Ast reqd = 7.07 cm2 .

Reinforcement provided in pile = 4 nos 16 tor + 4 nos 16 tor

i.e. As = 16 sq cm

Minimum reinforcement reqd = 0.4 % = 11.3 cm2 .

(Refer IS:2911 Part 1/Sec 2, Cl. 5.11.1 )

Hence provide 8 nos 16 tor alth at bottom i.e. As provided = 16.1 cm2 .

The entire limit state design is corroborated through Staad Design as per IS 13920 – 2016. All the manual
design are found to be safe and on conservative side.

The radial beams and the columns are effective against seismic forces and they are typically designed in
Staad and presented for cross check.

Excerpts of the Staad design for Tie beams TB4 , TB5 & TB6 and the Columns C, C2 and C3 are presented
below :

35
 Tb5 Tb6

Tb4

Model of the bottom Tie Beams in Staad

TB4 Members Typical Design in Staad

36
TB5 Members Typical Design in Staad

TB6 Members Typical Design in Staad

37
Column C1 Typical Design in Staad

Column C2 Typical Design in Staad

Column C3 Typical Design in Staad

38
Shear Link Requirements as per IS 13920 – 2016 for beams

The structural strength sufficiency of the beams as per IS 13920 2016 is already checked in Staad and the
Staad output provides for the same

For beams shear links to be placed as per the following provisions of IS 13920 2016

So for beam size 400 x 725 , d = 662.5 mm ; d/4 = 662.5 / 4 = 165.625 mm

Confining Spacing provided = 100 mm ; Zone = 2d = 2*662.5 = 1325 mm
Intermediate spacing d/2 = 662.5/2 = 331.25 mm ; Provided = 300 mm

For beam size 300 x 400 & 400 x 400 ; d = 342 mm ; d/4 = 342 / 4 = 85.5 mm
Confining Spacing provided = 85 mm ; Zone = 2d = 2*342 = 684 mm
Intermediate spacing d/2 = 342/2 = 171 mm ; Provided = 170 mm
Shear Link Requirements as per IS 13920 – 2016 for columns

39
For columns links requirements as per the following provisions of IS 13920 2016

For Columns C2 & C3

Column Size : 500 x 500 ; Longitudinal Reinforcement = 16 nos 16 tor bars
Link Spacing = D/4 = 500/4 = 125 mm ; Max Spacing = 100 mm
Main reinforcement diameter = 16 mm ; 6 * Bar dia = 96 mm
Spacing Provided = 95 mm

For Columns C1
Column Size : 500 x 500 ; Longitudinal Reinforcement = 16 nos 20 tor bars
Link Spacing = D/4 = 500/4 = 125 mm ; Max Spacing = 100 mm
Main reinforcement diameter = 20 mm ; 6 * Bar dia = 120 mm
Spacing Provided = 100 mm

For Columns Area of Shear Links as per IS 13920- 2016

40
For columns C2 & C3
Ash = 0.18 * 95 * 102 * 30/500 * (5002/4162 – 1 ) = 46.5 sqmm
With 8 tor bars Ash = 50.2 mm
So 8 tor bars @ 95 mm c/c is sufficient as shown in the sketch.

For columns C1
Ash = 0.18 * 100 * 102 * 30/500 * (5002/4162 – 1 ) = 48.95 sqmm
With 8 tor bars Ash = 50.2 mm
So 8 tor bars @ 100 mm c/c is sufficient as shown in the sketch.

41