Traffic Signs and Anylis

Traffic Controls
Understanding
Traffic Signs and
Signals
1
Traffic Signs
• The general principle of traffic signs is to make a
message known quickly, (100km/h) accurately,
with minimum reading skills required.
• This should allow traffic to meet the goal of
• Safe, rapid, and efficient transportation.
• Poor signs, signal, and traffic markings can lead
to a break down in the system.
• They are recognizable by shape and color,
message and diagram.
There are three types
(classifications) of traffic signs
• regulatory
• Warning
• guide.
Regulatory signs
• Stop signs. Stop signs are red octagons

and mean come to a complete stop.
They are the only sign so shaped. Easily
recognized at a distance.
• Yield signs. Yield signs are red and

triangular. This sign requires a driver to
allow other drivers first use of the road.
Regulatory signs
• Speed limit signs. Speed limit signs are white with
black lettering. They are also vertical rectangles.
They can also be orange. A construction speed
limit is a regulatory sign as well. North Carolina
posts a black and white sign along with the orange
work zone sign to remind drivers of this fact. There
can be minimum speed limits too. These are
normally found on interstate highways. Although
there could be minimum speed limits elsewhere,
they must first be posted by the highway
department.
• Other regulatory signs also include: Do not enter,

one way, no passing, no left or U turn. These are
combinations of white, black and/or red.
Warning signs
• Warning signs are information to warn drivers of
hazards they are about to encounter.
• They are usually yellow and diamond shaped.
There are messages to help drivers understand
these hazards.
• Although these are not regulatory signs, not
heeding the warning may result in an accident
and/or a citation for driving too fast for existing
conditions.
• There are several other shapes used for warning
signs. School zone warning signs are a
pentagon. Railroad warning signs are round.
• No passing signs are a pennant shaped sign
and are placed at the beginning of the no
passing zone and on the left side of the road to
make them visible to drivers trying to pass.
Guide signs
• Guide signs. Guide signs are used to
inform drivers of routes, gas, food, lodging,
hospitals, rest areas and others. Guide
signs are designated
by color and shape.
Traffic Signs (COLOR)
Colors have Meaning
Orange — construction and maintenance work
White — regulatory signs
Brown —recreational and cultural interest

Fluorescent Optic Yellow —school zones,
school crossings and pedestrian crossings
11
Traffic Signs (SHAPE)
Shapes Having Meaning
Octagon —Stop signs
Triangle — Label and define
Diamond — Warning
Pentagon — School and School Crossings
Pennant — Advance warning of No Passing

Zones
12
Traffic Signs (SHAPE)
Shapes Having Meaning
Rectangle — Regulatory or Guide

Vertical indicates Regulatory
Horizontal indicates directions or information
Round - advance warning of Railroad Crossing
Crossbuck – Railroad Crossing (same as a yield

sign)
13
Traffic Signs
Warning Signs
Give advance warning of hazards to allow drivers time to

safely minimize risks
Yellow General
Orange
Warning Construction/
Work Zone
14
Traffic Signs
Note the difference between these signs!
A school crossing sign is 5 sided (pentagon)
A pedestrian crossing sign is a diamond shaped sign
Winding road
Slippery when wet – slow down when road

surface is wet
15
Traffic Signs
Guide Signs
Green
GUIDE drivers to their destination by
identifying routes well in advance
16
Traffic Signs
Information Signs
INFORM drivers of motorist services and

recreational facilities
Services - Blue
Recreation/Historical
Landmarks- Brown
17
Traffic Signs
Regulatory Signs
REGULATE the speed and movement/direction of

traffic
Red – Stop or White -

Prohibitive Regulations
18
Traffic Signs
What does the sign mean?
Divided highway Right curve- side

begins road
Divided highway ends Right and left

curves
Slippery when wet SHARP right and left

curves
Winding Road Low clearance

19
Traffic Signs
What does the sign mean?
No passing Slow moving

zone ahead vehicle travels 25
mph or less
LEFT
LANE Crossbuck/gate
Lane reserved for
HOV-2 down - Stop and
high occupancy
ONLY remain stopped
6-8 AM
vehicles
until the gate goes
MON-FRI
up
Construction
work zone ahead
20
Blue is motorist services. Gas,
food, lodging, hospitals etc.
Brown is for recreational areas.
The Basic Speed Law
• The Basic Speed law requires that a driver
always drive at a speed safe for existing
conditions. A driver may be sighted for
speeding when traffic, roadways, or
weather conditions are not ideal.
There are no absolute "right of
ways" in traffic
Right of Way Law
Each law is written describing which
driver yields right of way. For example:
• The person on the left yields to the person on
the right.
• The turning driver yields to the driver going
straight.
• The person entering
traffic yields to those in traffic.
• No one, including emergency vehicles, has
absolute right of way. You are required to yield
to them.
The Highway Transportation
System. (HTS)
• The goal of the HTS is to provide safe,
rapid, and efficient transportation of
persons and goods from one location to
another, in an environmentally sound
fashion.
There are at least five types of
traffic light systems
Progressive lights are set up so that traffic moving at the correct speed
will be able to keep moving as the lights change in sequence.
Traffic activated lights are designed to change according to traffic loads.

No traffic, no green light, many vehicles, longer green lights. The key to
efficient use of these lights is to know what and how each intersection is
set up. The use of computer assisted traffic lights are also traffic
activated. They try to anticipate the traffic coming, not react to traffic that
has just stopped.
Timed lights are the least expensive and therefore used in many smaller
communities. They are set for so many seconds green for each direction
of traffic.
Pedestrian activated lights are used at cross walks to aid their crossing of
busy streets.
Railroad grade crossing lights are used to warn drivers of trains in close
proximity to the crossing.
WHAT?
Colors used in traffic lights
Red is always stop. If it is flashing red, you may go
as if a stop sign. A solid red you might be allowed to
turn under certain circumstances.
Green means you may go, if safe to do so. There is

no right of way given by a green light.
Yellow is used for caution, but it is a clearance light.

You may clear an intersection if the light is yellow,
but you are not allowed to enter an
intersection once the light has changed to yellow.
Right Turn on Red
• Drivers in all 50 states are allowed to
complete a right turn on red but drivers
must
come to a complete stop, yield to any and
all traffic and make sure there is no sign
prohibiting the turn, before completing a
right on red.
Left Turn on Red?
• There is no left turn on red in NC. Many
states do have one. A left on red law has
been introduced in the NC legislature
several times but is opposed by the
visually impaired lobby.
Multi-use Traffic Lanes
• In larger cities, the use of reversible lanes
increases the capacity of the existing
streets.
• Center lanes are reversed to allow heavy
traffic, in one direction or the other,
to have more lanes.
• These lanes are marked with a green
arrow or a red X above the
lane.

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Traffic Controls

• Stop signs. Stop signs are red octagons

• Yield signs. Yield signs are red and

• Other regulatory signs also include: Do not enter,

Orange — construction and maintenance work

White — regulatory signs

Brown —recreational and cultural interest

Triangle — Label and define

Pentagon — School and School Crossings

Pennant — Advance warning of No Passing

Rectangle — Regulatory or Guide

Horizontal indicates directions or information

Round - advance warning of Railroad Crossing

Crossbuck – Railroad Crossing (same as a yield

Give advance warning of hazards to allow drivers time to

A school crossing sign is 5 sided (pentagon)

A pedestrian crossing sign is a diamond shaped sign

Slippery when wet – slow down when road

INFORM drivers of motorist services and

REGULATE the speed and movement/direction of

Red – Stop or White -

Divided highway Right curve- side

Divided highway ends Right and left

Slippery when wet SHARP right and left

Winding Road Low clearance

No passing Slow moving

Traffic activated lights are designed to change according to traffic loads.

Green means you may go, if safe to do so. There is

Yellow is used for caution, but it is a clearance light.

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