Class XI Biology Notes Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom
Class XI Biology Notes Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom
Class XI Biology Notes Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom
Resource Material
For Revised Syllabus Session 2024-25
EXEMPLAR
SOLUTIONS
Biology
Chapter 4 : Animal Kingdom
Class
11
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Chapter 4
Animal Kingdom.
2. Given below are types of cells present in some animals. Which of the
following cells can differentiate to perform different functions?
a. Choanocytes
b. Interstitial cells
c. Gastrodermal cells
d. Nematocytes
Solution:
Option (b) is the answer.
11. Match the following list of animals with their level of organisation.
Division of Labour Animal
Column I Column II
A. Organ level i. Pheretima
B. Cellular aggregate level ii. Fasciola
C. Tissue level iii. Spongilla
D. Organ system level iv. Obelia
Choose the correct match showing the division of labour with animal example.
a. i-B, ii-C, iii-D, and iv-A
b. i-B, ii-D, iii-C, and iv-A
c. i-D, ii-A, iii-B, and iv-C
d. i-A, ii-D, iii-C, and iv-B
Solution:
Option (c) is the answer.
12. The body cavity is the cavity present between the body wall and the gut wall. In
some animals, the body cavity is not lined by mesoderm. Such animals
are called
a. Acoelomates
b. Pseudocoelomates
c. Coelomates
d. Haemocoelomates
Solution:
Option (b) is the answer.
13. Match the column A with column B and choose the correct option
Column I Column II
A. Porifera i. Canal system
B. Aschelminthes ii. Water-vascular system
C. Annelida iii. Muscular pharynx
D. Arthropoda iv. Jointed appendages
E. Echinodermata v. Metameres
a. A-ii, B-iii, C-v, D-iv, E-i
b. A-ii, B-v, C-iii, D-iv, E-i
c. A-i, B-iii, C-v, D-iv, E-ii
d. A-i, B-v, C-iii, D-iv, E-ii
Solution:
Option (c) is the answer.
1. Identify the phylum in which adults exhibit radial symmetry and larva
exhibit bilateral symmetry.
Solution:
In the phylum Echinodermata, the radial symmetry is exhibited by the adult while the bilateral symmetry
is exhibited by the larva.
5. Which group of chordates possess sucking and circular mouth without jaws?
Solution:
Cyclostomes possess sucking and circular mouth without jaws. Since their mouth is circular and lacks
jaws, they are also called agnathans.
6. Give one example each for an animal possessing placoid scales and that with cycloid scales.
Solution:
Placoid scales are the tiny tough scales that cover the skin. Examples are Trygon, Pritis
Cycloid scales are characterized by having a smooth outer margin. Examples are Catla, Clarias
8. Mention one example each for animals with a chitinous exoskeleton and those covered by a
calcareous shell.
Solution:
Chitinous exoskeleton covers the body of cockroach (Arthropods) and calcareous shell covers the body
of Pila (Molluscs).
10. Name the animal, which exhibits the phenomenon of bioluminescence. Mention the phylum to
which it belongs.
Solution:
The phenomenon of production and emission of light by an organism as a result of a chemical reaction
during which chemical energy is converted to light energy is called bioluminescence. Members of the
phylum ctenophores like Ctenoplana, Velamen, Beroe, etc.
11. Write one example each of the following in the space provided.
a. Cold blooded animal ________________________
b. Warm blooded animal ________________________
c. Animal possessing dry and cornified skin _______________
d. Dioecious animal _____________________
Solution:
a. Cold blooded animal: Frog (Amphibians)
b. Warm blooded animal: Humans (Mammals)
c. Animal possessing dry and cornified skin: Lizard (Reptiles)
d. Dioecious animal: Ascaris (Aschelminthes)
2. Sort out the animals on the basis of their symmetry (radial or bilateral) coelenterates,
ctenophores, annelids, arthropods, and echinoderms.
Solution:
In radial symmetry, the body of an individual can be divided into equal halves by any plans passing
through the longitudinal axis. Radial symmetry: Coelenterates, Ctenophores, Echinoderms
In bilateral symmetry, the body can be divided into two halves when the plane passes through the
median longitudinal axis. Bilateral symmetry: Annelids, Arthropods.
3. There has been an increase in the number of chambers in the heart during the evolution of
vertebrates. Give the names of the class of vertebrates having two, three or four-chambered heart.
Solution:
Two-chambered hearts: Chrondrichytes and osteocytes
Three- chambered heart: Amphibia and Reptile
Four-chambered heart: Aves and mammalian
6. Endoparasites are found inside the host body. Mention the special structure, possessed by these
and which enables them to survive in those conditions.
Solution:
For the survival of that condition they have to adapt:
High reproductive capacity
Presence of adhesive organs or suckers to cling on to the host.
Loss of digestive system.
Loss of unnecessary sense organs.
9. Give the characteristic features of the following citing one example of each
a. Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes
b. Urochordata and cephalochordate
Solution:
Chondrichthyes
Their habitat is mainly marine and their body is streamlined. They have a cartilaginous endoskeleton.
Examples are scoliosis and Trygon
Osteichthyes
The habitat is both marines as well as freshwater and they have a streamlined body. The endoskeleton is
bony.
Examples are Marine: Hippocampus (Sea horse), Freshwater: Labeo (Rohu), Aquarium: Betta (Fighting
fish)
11. Name
a. A limbless animal
b. A cold-blooded animal
c. A warm-blooded animal
d. An animal possessing dry and cornified skin
e. An animal having a canal system and spicules
f. An animal with cnidoblasts
Solution:
a. A limbless animal – Icthyophis
b. A cold-blooded animal - Trygon
c. A warm-blooded animal – Macaca (monkey)
d. An animal possessing dry and cornified skin – Naja (Cobra)
e. An animal having a canal system and spicules – Euspongia
f. An animal with cnidoblasts – Hydra
a. A viviparous animal
b. A fish possessing a poison sting
c. A fish possessing an electric organ
d. An organ, which regulates buoyancy
e. Animal, which exhibits alternation of generation
f. An oviparous animal with mammary gland
Solution:
a. A viviparous animal – Panthera leo
b. A fish possessing a poison sting – Trygon
c. A fish possessing an electric organ – Torpedo
d. An organ, which regulates buoyancy – Air bladder
e. Animal, which exhibits alternation of generation – Obelia
f. The oviparous animal with mammary gland – Echidna
13. Excretory organs of different animals are given below. Choose correctly and write in the space
provided.
2. What is the relationship between germinal layers and the formation of the body cavity in case of
coelomate, acoelomates and pseudocoelomates?
Solution:
Germinal layers are those which formed during the process of gastrulation. The outer layer of germ is
called ectoderm, the middle one is endoderm and the innermost is the endoderm. Coelomates are the
organisms possessing coeloms. The coelom is the body cavity lined by the mesoderm. Examples of
coelomates are phylum Annelida, Mollusca, arthropods, etc. The organisms with absent body cavities
are called coelomates. E.g. Platyhelminthes. Some of the organisms do not have a lining by mesoderm.
Instead of that, it will be in the form of a scattered pouch in between ectoderm and endoderm. Such a
body cavity is called pseudocolour and animals possessing pseudocoelom are referred to as
pseudocoelomates e.g., Ascaris.
3. Comment upon the habitats and external features of animals belonging to class, amphibia and
reptilia.
Solution:
Amphibia
They are thin and have smooth skin which can live on both land and water. Their eyes have eyelids and
have a pair of limbs. A tympanum is representing the ears. Examples are Rana(frog) and cobra
Reptiles
They are covered with dry and confined skin and scales. They mostly live on land. Tympanum
represents ear. They have a pair of limbs. They will creep and crawl. These category organisms are
oviparous, fertilization is internal and development is direct or indirect.
Examples are crocodile, turtle etc
4. Mammals are most adapted among the vertebrates. Elaborate.
Solution:
Mammals are found in a variety of habitats like deserts, plains and mountains. They differ in the type of
jaws and sexes are separate and fertilization is internal. They have pairs of limbs which are used for
walking, burrowing, climbing etc. Their mammary glands produce milk to nourish their young ones.
They are warm-blooded which helps them maintain their body temperature in different weather
conditions. They have hair-like structures which act as insulation against cold. The 4-chambered heart is
present in mammals. The brains are more developed. Examples of Mammals: Humans, Whales, Dogs,
Camels, etc
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SOLUTIONS
CLASS 11: BIOLOGY (ALL CHAPTERS)
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