E3S Web of Conferences 507, 01019 (2024) https://doi.org/10.

1051/e3sconf/202450701019
ICFTEST-2024

Enhancing Residential Security: implementation

of an IoT-based Anti-Theft Flooring System
R. P. Ram Kumar1*, K. Vamsi Krishna1, Sharath Chandra1, Kali Sathish1, Muthana Saleh
Mashkour2, Aravinda K3, Amandeep Nagpal4 and Praveen5
1Department
of AIMLE, GRIET, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
2Medical
Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic
University, Najaf, Iraq.
3Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, New Horizon College of Engineering,

Bangalore, Karnataka, India

4Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
5Lloyd Institute of Engineering & Technology, Knowledge Park II, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh,

India.

Abstract. The Anti-Theft Flooring System (ATFS) is Internet of Things

(IoT) solution developed for enhancing residential safety and security. The
system employs pressure sensors that are integrated into the flooring or into
the floor mat, this system easily identifies intruder presence upon stepping,
initiating a secure One-Time Password (OTP) generation process. The OTP
is dispatched to pre-registered mobile numbers, serving as a safe and secure
verification mechanism. The OTP when entered correctly within time
triggers the system to unlock the door automatically. In case, OTP is entered
wrongly or remains unentered for a 60-second timeframe, a Global System
for Mobile (GSM) communication module triggers an alarm to promptly
inform the user of potential security threats. This is how the system
seamlessly combines IoT technology for real-time communication, offering
an effective and proactive approach to residential safety at lower costs.

1 Introduction
In this era of technological advancements and the increase in the IoT, the need for advanced
interdisciplinary approaches through IoT based solutions to enhance residential safety and
security has taken a significant leap forward. ATFS is an IoT based solution specifically
developed to address residential threats. This Smart system leverages pressure sensors
seamlessly integrated into the flooring or floor mat to identify the intruder’s presence on his
stepping on. The combination of IoT technology with the traditional concept of pressure
sensing forms the ATFS. This system goes existing security systems by not only identifying
intruder presence but also initiating a secure OTP generation process. The utilization of
pressure sensors embedded in the flooring or floor mat is a testament to the system’s
innovative approach to security, as it creates an invisible shield capable of detecting

* Corresponding author: ramkumar1695@grietcollege.com

© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution License 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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unauthorized access in real-time. Upon detecting a sudden increase in pressure - indicative

of an intruder’s presence, the system moves into its second phase, i.e., into the action of
initiating a secure OTP generation process. The OTP serves as a dynamic and time-sensitive
verification mechanism, adding an additional layer of security to the residential spaces. This
OTP generated, is expeditiously dispatched to the previously registered mobile numbers or
the house owners. This swift and direct communication channel ensures that the homeowners
are promptly informed of potential security breaches, allowing for timely intervention. When
the correct OTP is entered within the stipulated time frame, the system seamlessly unlocks
the door, granting access to the authorized individuals or the house members. This fusion of
IoT technology and automated access control marks a paradigm shift in residential security,
as it replaces traditional key-based systems with a dynamic and intelligent approach. In the
event of an incorrect OTP entry or the absence of an entry within a 60-second timeframe,
ATFS activates an alarm message to the owner’s mobile phones through the GSM module.
This is how the system integrates the residential safety system with a real time
communication mechanism.

2 Existing methods
The following section deals with the signifance of few of the existing approaches.
Advanced Raspberry Pi Surveillance (ARS) system. In the realm of bank security systems,
conducting nighttime surveillance manually poses challenges was presented in [1]. To
address this issue, an Automated Recognition and Surveillance (ARS) system emerges as a
viable alternative, effectively replacing manual observation and promptly alerting security
officials. The versatility of this ARS system extends beyond banks, finding application in
expansive areas such as industries and home security services. Specifically, the application
section outlines a direct use case of the ARS system, focusing on surveillance with automated
notifications.
IoT based monitoring and control system for home automation was presented in [2]. In
this work, we have implemented a home management and security system using Raspberry
Pi and IoT technology. The system is designed for real-time monitoring of home safety and
remote control of household appliances. It also provides protection against fire accidents by
offering immediate solutions. The versatility of this system makes it applicable in various
settings such as banks, hospitals, labs, etc., effectively reducing the risk of unauthorized
access. In case of theft incidents, evidence can be provided to the security department.
The anti-theft security hidden alert system, which is built upon an IoT framework,
introduces an innovative approach to ATM security. This system integrates cutting-edge
technologies, including a face-recognition camera, infrared (IR) sensors, and a low-cost
portable integrated database server based on the ARM11 computer and Raspberry Pi
operating system for Linux was presented in [3]. In the event of a potential theft, the IR sensor
serves as a key component, detecting vibrations and temperature fluctuations, triggering a
sequence of actions. The ARM11 controller processes real-time data, initiating responses
such as activating door lock modules, releasing gas to incapacitate the robber, and promptly
sending alert messages through a GSM modem to both the local police station and designated
users. This comprehensive technological integration aims to significantly reduce the
occurrence of ATM robberies by implementing a multifaceted security system that
encompasses facial recognition, temperature monitoring, and deterrent measures such as gas
release, along with immediate alert notifications for timely intervention and prevention of
criminal activities.
Raspberry Pi Based Anti-Theft Security System using Home Automation for Multi-
Level The proposed system utilizes IoT technology for both anti-theft security measures and
home automation was presented in [4]. It is applicable in high-security environments where

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safeguarding documents or valuable assets is crucial. Additionally, the system incorporates

home automation features, streamlining people’s lives. Automation contributes to significant
energy savings by automatically powering off devices when not in use. The entire system is
accessible and monitorable remotely, allowing control from any location worldwide through
internet-enabled devices. Consequently, IoT has the potential to transform the interaction
between systems and their surroundings, offering enhanced security layers in critical areas.
The culmination of this work is the development of the ATV2S theft protection device,
incorporating real-time event monitoring through GSM and GPS technologies was presented
in [5]. The product provides users with the flexibility to access and monitor their vehicle’s
status, notifying them of any unexpected situations in a user-friendly manner. In the event of
a breach or break-in, the system can promptly alert the vehicle owner or the security
department. The successful design and implementation of this work ensure heightened
reliability, security, and safety for vehicle owners, all while maintaining an economical
solution.
Anti-theft security hidden alert system based on IoT, cloud computing, and GSM
technology was presented in [6]. The system utilizes pressure sensors certified to identify
unauthorized access. Upon detecting a login signal at the security site, the system records the
location of the breach in the server. Simultaneously, mobile devices transmit GPS coordinates
for the violated areas to the control center. The system’s unique advantage lies in the
concealed nature of its sensors and detectors, addressing the issue of early detection by
intruders or experts in organized crime detection.
ATFS using Raspberry PI was presented using a framework for notifying a home owner
right away of an ongoing theft was presented in [7]. The camera would see and alert the home
owner if a burglar entered the house through the door. A smartphone may be used to operate
the door, and the technology claims to integrate home security.

3 Proposed method

3.1 Problem statement

Inadequate residential security systems fail to provide comprehensive protection against
intrusions, leaving homeowners vulnerable to potential threats. ATFS with OTP Security,
which employs pressure sensors integrated into the flooring to detect intruder’s presence and
initiate OTP generation process through the GSM module. This OTP code servers as a door
unlocking code if it is entered in the Bluetooth controlled application within the timeframe
generated. It also serves as a security barrier by prompting a threat indication in case if it is
not entered within the time frame or entered wrongly. This way the system a strong security
layer for the residential areas.

3.2 Objectives of proposed method

The following section illustrates the objectives of the work.

• Theft reduction: The main aim is to reduce down the potential threats and thefts.
• Reduction of false alarms: The system also discards problems of false alarms.
• Real time monitoring: It provides a real time monitoring and instant alerting.

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3.3 Architecture & Connectivity Diagram

The interconnected components of the ATFS, shown in Figures 1 and 2, represents a

complete home safety solution. The sensory input layer is mostly made up of pressure sensors
that are carefully inserted into the flooring or floor mat. These sensors detect the presence of
an intruder upon contact and initiate the process of generating a secure one-time password.
The secure and dynamic authentication process is guaranteed by the smooth integration of
the OTP generation component. After that, the system sends the OTP for verification via an
IoT platform to a pre-registered list of mobile numbers.

Alert
Arduino Message
Pressure
Sensors GSM Door
Unlocked
User response
Bluetooth Module
OTP

Registered Devices

Fig. 1. Architecture Diagram.

Fig. 2. Connectivity Diagram.

In addition, the design has an automated door unlocking system that reacts to the right OTP
entering within a predetermined window of time. The GSM module sounds an alarm within
a 60-second interval, rapidly warning the user of any potential security issues. The integration
of pressure sensors, OTP generation, IoT connectivity, and GSM-based alarm activation to
produce a reliable home safety system.

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3.4 Modules and its description

Three modules comprise Input, Data processing & authentication, and Output.

3.4.1 Module 1: Input

Pressure Sensors: ATFS relies on pressure sensors strategically embedded in the flooring or
floor mat. These sensors promptly detecting external forces, such as a person’s weight, on
the floor surface. This rapid detection initiates a sequence of security measures, including the
activation of an OTP generation process.

3.4.2 Module 2: Data Processing and Authentication

The Arduino UNO microcontroller evaluates data from pressure sensors to discern routine
activities from potential threats. It interprets information received from the sensors,
overseeing system control and coordinating actions among various components. The GSM
module functions as a crucial communication interface, creating a vital link between the
flooring system and the mobile network for seamless real-time communication. It plays a
pivotal role in transmitting OTP in response to detected intrusions, serving as a stringent
verification measure for authorized access. The GSM module facilitates either door
unlocking upon successful OTP entry or threat notification if the OTP is incorrect or not
entered within the designated time frame. This dual response system underscores the
significance of the GSM module in fortifying the security measures of ATFS.
User interaction involves providing an OTP through mobile phones, adding an extra
layer of authentication. An incorrect OTP entry triggers an alarm and sends an alert message
to registered administrator’s mobile numbers, allowing for swift responses to potential
security breaches. Mobile phones also enable remote monitoring and management of ATFS.
Additionally, the LCD serves as a vital tool for users to monitor the system’s progress,
providing real-time visual feedback and ensuring transparency and control over the system’s
functionality.

3.4.3 Module 3: Output

Solenoid Lock: The smart door lock, utilizing Arduino technology, integrates electronic
components with Arduino microcontrollers to offer an advanced security solution.
Programmed to interpret signals from various input devices, the Arduino controls seamless
and secure access. The smart door lock automatically unlocks upon detecting a valid input.
In the case of an incorrect OTP entry, an alarm message is generated to the administrator’s
mobile phone, alerting them to a potential security threat.

4 Results and Discussions

The system’s foundational innovation lies in the integration of pressure sensors seamlessly
into the flooring or floor mat, serving as a cutting-edge method to discern the presence of
intruders upon their initial steps.

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4.1 Phases of outcomes

4.1.1 The Monitoring Phase

During the monitoring phase of the ATFS, the system is in an idle state, actively waiting for
any activity on the monitored flooring. The pressure sensors, integrated either into the
flooring or floor mat, are sensitive to weight changes. In this initial state, when no one has
stepped on the flooring, the system continuously monitors and analyses the sensor data.
Figure 3 depicts the monitoring activity in the proposed work.

4.1.2 Processing the OTP Phase

ATFS showcases its prowess in initiating a secure OTP generation process. The utilization
of pressure sensors serves as the trigger for this subsequent phase, reinforcing the system’s
multifaceted nature. The generated OTP, a dynamic and time-sensitive verification
mechanism, is promptly dispatched to pre-registered mobile numbers or directly to
homeowners as shown in Figure 4. This rapid and direct communication channel ensures
homeowners are promptly informed of potential security breaches, facilitating timely
intervention and heightening the system’s efficacy.

Fig. 3. Monitoring Status.

Fig. 4. Sending OTP Status.

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4.1.3 Post Processing of OTP Phase

It stands as a crucial juncture in the work results, emphasizing the system’s integration of
dynamic access control. Homeowners receive the OTP and must enter it correctly within a
stipulated timeframe for door unlocking to occur as depicted in the Figure 5. This phase
reflects a departure from traditional key-based systems, embracing a more intelligent and
responsive approach facilitated by the fusion of IoT technology and automated access
control.

4.1.4 Door Unlocking Phase:

Upon successful entry of the correct OTP within the designated timeframe, the system enters
the door unlocked phase as illustrated in the Figure 6. This outcome underscores the system’s
ability to seamlessly grant access to authorized individuals or household members,
emphasizing the tangible benefits of its implementation in enhancing residential security.

Fig. 5. OTP Entered and Unlocked Status.

Fig. 6. Door Unlocked Status.

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4.1.5 Alarming Phase

In instances where an incorrect OTP is entered or no entry occurs within a 60-second

timeframe, the system transitions into the alarm message triggered phase as shows in the
Figure 7. Leveraging a GSM module, the system promptly communicates with homeowner’s
mobile phones, alerting them to a potential security breach.

Fig. 7. Alert message

4.2 Experimental Results

4.2.1 Performance of Pressure Sensors

The results from the experiments underscored the reliable and effective performance of the
pressure sensors seamlessly integrated into the flooring. These sensors, responsive to
pressure changes induced by footsteps, demonstrated their capability in accurately detecting
intruder presence.

4.2.2 OTP Generation and Transmission

The experimental outcomes highlighted the seamless functionality of the OTP generation and
dispatch process. Upon the identification of an intruder, the system efficiently generated an
OTP and promptly transmitted it to the previously registered mobile numbers. The
expeditious OTP generation showcased a low-latency response to potential security threats,
emphasizing the system’s agility in addressing and mitigating risks promptly.

4.2.3 Verification Mechanism

The OTP, serving as a robust verification mechanism, necessitated user input within a
designated 60-second timeframe. Experimental findings indicated that this timeframe struck
a balance, allowing legitimate users to input the OTP while acting as a deterrent for
unauthorized individuals. The verification process emerged as an additional layer of security
within the residential safety system, enhancing overall protection against potential breaches.

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4.2.4 Reliability of Alarm Triggering

The mechanism responsible for triggering alarms exhibited reliability and promptness in its
operation. In scenarios where the OTP was not entered within the prescribed time frame, the
system efficiently activated the alarm message.

4.2.5 Effectiveness of User Notification System

The experimental elaborations provided insights into the effectiveness of the user notification
system. Users received timely and pertinent alarm messages in instances of unauthorized
access, furnishing them with immediate awareness of potential security breaches. The
system’s real-time notification capability emerged as a pivotal feature, significantly
contributing to its role in bolstering residential safety and ensuring that occupants are
promptly informed in critical security situations.

4.3 Significance of the Proposed Method

• The ATFS utilizes pressure sensors to detect the presence of intruders in the secured area.
• The OTP serves as a robust verification mechanism, adding an extra layer of security to
the system.
• In case the OTP is not entered within 60 seconds, the system triggers an alarm message,
swiftly notifying the user of the potential threat.
• Homeowners can remotely monitor security alerts and OTP dispatches through their
registered mobile devices.
• Users can potentially customize security settings based on their preferences and specific
security requirements.
• The OTP entry requirement minimizes the chances of false alarms, ensuring that alerts
are genuine security concerns.
• The ATFS contributes to an overall enhancement of home safety and security.

5 Conclusion and Future Enhancements

To conclude, ATFS stands as a groundbreaking IoT-based solution, the residential safety.
The innovative integration of pressure sensors into the flooring helps defend against potential
intruders. One of the primary merits of this work is its capacity to detect and respond to
intruders in real-time. This level of responsiveness is crucial in preventing unauthorized
access and fortifying the overall security infrastructure of a residence. The OTP generation
process serves as a verification mechanism. The prompt dispatch of the OTP to registered
mobile numbers ensures that the rightful homeowner is promptly informed of any potential
security breach. The system’s ability to trigger an alarm message if the OTP is not entered
within 60 seconds provides an additional safety net. Another noteworthy aspect is the
system’s potential impact on reducing property crime rates. By introducing a smart and
proactive security solution, homeowners are empowered with tools to deter intruders
effectively. As smart homes become increasingly prevalent, systems like these showcase the
transformative potential of IoT in ensuring the safety and well-being of individuals and their
properties. The ATFS system offers a revolutionary perspective for home security by
combining an anti-disciplinary approach. It goes beyond walls and cameras to provide a
comprehensive and proactive barrier against intrusion. The scalability of this technology
allows for its application in various residential settings, contributing to a more secure and
technologically advanced living experience.

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Future enhancements for the ATFS could involve the integration of advanced
technologies and features to further enhance its capabilities and effectiveness in ensuring
residential safety. Some potential future enhancements could include, (a) Machine learning
algorithms, (b) Integration with smart home devices, and (c) Incorporating Environmental
sensors.

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